CN102590272B - Shear stress-based swill-cooked dirty oil temperature change detection method and instrument - Google Patents
Shear stress-based swill-cooked dirty oil temperature change detection method and instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN102590272B CN102590272B CN201210036530.2A CN201210036530A CN102590272B CN 102590272 B CN102590272 B CN 102590272B CN 201210036530 A CN201210036530 A CN 201210036530A CN 102590272 B CN102590272 B CN 102590272B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a swill-cooked dirty oil temperature change detection instrument. The swill-cooked dirty oil temperature change detection instrument comprises an experiment container, a temperature regulation container and a micro controller; the micro controller is connected with a drive motor, a temperature detection circuit and a liquid crystal display; a heating control circuit and a refrigeration control circuit are arranged in the temperature regulation container; the drive motor is provided with a rotor body which is provided with a shear stress sensor; and the temperature detection circuit is used for detecting the temperature of fluid in the temperature regulation container. A method comprises the followings steps of: a, setting a shear stress testing device; b, setting a temperature control device; c, detecting the shear stress value of oil at the temperature of between 20 and 30 DEG C; e, detecting the shear stress of olive oil; f, drawing a shear stress curve; and g, judging oil. By the instrument and the method, the shear stress of the oil at different temperature is acquired, and the swill-cooked dirty oil and the normal edible plant oil are effectively distinguished by taking the olive oil as reference; and the instrument and the method have wide application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of waste oil alternating temperature detecting instrument based on shear stress, in particular, relate in particular to a kind of waste oil alternating temperature detecting instrument based on shear stress that can effectively detect the shear stress of oil product and analyze.
Background technology
Once waste oil comes into the market, health that will the serious harm people.From the waste oil case of cracking, its making form mainly comprises two kinds, the one, and the oily thing that the leftovers of the greasy floating thing in sewer or hotel, restaurant, leftovers (common name swill) obtain after simple processing and refinement; The 2nd, pork inferior, haslet, pigskin processing and the oily thing that refines rear output.Waste oil is pretended to be to come into the market for peanut oil, sesame oil, walnut oil, blending wet goods.
Detection method mainly contains the methods such as determination of moisture method, acid value determination method, Determination of Cholesterol Content method, near infrared spectroscopy, conductivity and polar material determination method, content of beary metal determination method and color and luster, gas flavour, solidifying point at present.Because waste oil and edible vegetable oil are not all having too large difference aspect component content and other characteristics, waste oil also can reach the index of national regulation, so be difficult to difference.These methods above also all exist significant limitation, and what have can only test section peanut oil, some sesame oil, olive oil are surveyed into so-called " waste oil " by mistake.China the president Wang Ruiyuan of grease branch of grain and oil association claim at present, also there is no to detect the effective way of " waste oil ".Between such background, I feel to be difficult to find out discrimination method for the check of waste oil inner material element, determine in alternating temperature situation, to seek differentiate the method for waste oil and made instrument by liquid shear stress principle.
Summary of the invention
The present invention, in order to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned technical matters, provides a kind of waste oil temperature change detecting method and instrument based on shear stress that can effectively detect the shear stress of oil product and analyze.
Waste oil alternating temperature detecting instrument based on shear stress of the present invention, its special feature is: comprise hold oil product experiment container, be placed in the tempering container of experiment container periphery and for the microcontroller of data acquisition and processing (DAP), microcontroller is connected with drive motor, temperature sensing circuit and liquid crystal display; In described tempering container, be provided with the heating control circuit and the refrigeration control circuit that are connected with microcontroller, the rotation axis of drive motor is provided with the rotor block that is placed in experiment container, is provided with the shearing stress sensor being connected with microcontroller on this rotor block; Described temperature sensing circuit is for detection of the temperature of fluid in tempering container.Experiment container is for depositing oil product to be detected, and tempering container is positioned at the periphery of experiment container, and oil product is heated and freezed, to control oil product, within the scope of reasonable temperature, changes; Microcontroller implementation data acquisition, computing and signal output, drive motor is the driving realizing rotor block, rotor block is for the manufacture of laminar condition, so that shearing stress sensor detects shear stress signal accurately.The temperature that heating control circuit and refrigeration control circuit are directly realized oil product regulates, and temperature sensing circuit is for detection of the temperature of oil product, and liquid crystal display can show intuitively to detecting data and image, to accurately distinguish normal edible vegetable oil and waste oil.
Waste oil alternating temperature detecting instrument based on shear stress of the present invention, the top and bottom of tempering container offer respectively water inlet and water delivering orifice, and water inlet is connected with entrance with circulation delivery side of pump respectively with water delivering orifice; Described heating control circuit comprises the heating rod that is placed in tempering container.By ebullator, making the water body in tempering container is flow state, is more conducive to the oil product in experiment container to carry out temperature control control.
Waste oil alternating temperature detecting instrument based on shear stress of the present invention, described microcontroller is Mega16 single-chip microcomputer, and in temperature sensing circuit, adopting model is the sensor of DS18B20, and described liquid crystal display is the liquid crystal display of 5.7 cun of 320x240 dot matrix.
Waste oil temperature change detecting method based on shear stress of the present invention, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: a. arranges shear stress proving installation, lays the shear stress proving installation that the shear stress numerical value of oil product to be detected is gathered; B., attemperating unit is set, the temperature control equipment that laying can regulate the temperature of oil product; C. oil product to be detected is inserted to shear stress proving installation, by attemperating unit, the temperature of oil product is regulated, detect oil product shear stress numerical value under each temperature spot within the scope of 20～30 ℃, the shear stress number of collection is not less than 5; D. for each oil product to be detected, all adopt the method in step c to detect, until the detection of all oil products is complete; E. olive oil is inserted to shear stress proving installation, by attemperating unit, the temperature of oil product is regulated, detect olive oil shear stress numerical value under each temperature spot within the scope of 20～30 ℃, the shear stress number of collection is not less than 5; F. take temperature parameter as horizontal ordinate, shear stress numerical value is ordinate; In the mode of first described point or line, draw out the curve of each oil product to be detected and olive oil; G. oil product judgement, what oil product curve to be detected was positioned at olive oil curve top is waste oil, and what oil product curve to be detected was positioned at olive oil curve below is normal edible vegetable oil, and what oil product curve to be detected overlapped with olive oil curve is olive oil.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the waste oil alternating temperature detecting instrument based on shear stress of the present invention, by setting deposit oil product experiment container, carry out temperature controlled tempering container and allow oil product form the rotor block of laminar condition, and shearing stress sensor is set on rotor block, effectively realized the accurate collection of the shear stress numerical value of oil product under different temperatures, and by computing and the analysis of microcontroller implementation data message, to waste oil and normal edible vegetable oil are distinguished.Waste oil temperature change detecting method based on shear stress of the present invention, the shear stress numerical curve of olive oil of take is reference data, detects the shear stress numerical curve of oil product by drafting, can effectively identify waste oil.Meanwhile, waste oil alternating temperature detecting instrument and the method based on shear stress of the present invention also can be applicable to detect true and false machine oil and to detecting the serviceable life of machine oil, has broad application prospects.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structure principle chart that experiment container of the present invention matches with drive motor;
Fig. 2 is the structure principle chart of the front view that matches with tempering container of experiment container of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structure principle chart of the left view that matches with tempering container of experiment container of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structure principle chart of the vertical view that matches with tempering container of experiment container of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the circuit theory diagrams of detecting instrument of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the circuit modular structure schematic diagram of detecting instrument of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the shear stress curve map of waste oil and edible oil within the scope of 10～50 ℃;
Fig. 8 is the shear stress curve map of waste oil and edible oil within the scope of 20～30 ℃.
In figure: 1 experiment container, 2 drive motor, 3 rotor blocks, 4 rotation axiss, 5 tempering containers, 6 fixed supports, 7 firm bankings, 8 heating rods, 9 water inlets, 10 water delivering orifices, 11 microcontrollers, 12 power modules, 13 shearing stress sensors, 14 heating control circuits, 15 refrigeration control circuit, 16 temperature sensing circuits, 17 liquid crystal display, 18 key-press modules.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the invention will be further described.
First principle to adopting shear stress difference waste oil and edible oil to describe, when liquid is made laminar flow, by effect on the adjacent two layers fluid of arbitrary both sides, cross section that are parallel to flow velocity, there are their tangential forces and reacting forces of " slip " relatively of a pair of prevention, one layer fluid of flows faster is slowed down, the slower layer fluid that flows is accelerated, we claim that this power is shear stress, also claim internal friction, and this is a kind of intrinsic physical attribute of fluid.Its calculating formula is:
The kinetic viscosity that is called fluid in formula, unit be pascal second (
).
Because shear stress is the physical quantity of weighing fluid mobility matter, in general different liquid all has the shear stress of itself separately, and waste oil is also certainly existing different shear stresses from various edible vegetable oil.Material property has determined the difference of different liquids shear stress, so we can be by manufacturing laminar condition, it is peanut oil, olive oil, sesame oil, corn wet goods vegetable oil that the shear stress of measuring oil product in alternating temperature situation carrys out judgement sample, or the waste oil of health risk.
Wherein, determine manufacturing the measuring condition of being convenient to obviously to distinguish waste oil and each vegetable oil is the difficult point in design.There are specifically four difficult points: determine best temperature range, determine differentiation edible vegetable oil and waste oil separatrix, manufacture shearing stress sensor on laminar condition, manufacture the state that makes the even alternating temperature of oil product.Determine that it is the difficult point that will solve at first that best temperature range is tested, and directly affects a series of measurements below.Any material has fixing physicochemical characteristics, and a kind of material is called fusing point by the solid-state temperature becoming when liquid, by liquid state, is become when solid-state and is called solidifying point, and both are same numerical value.With water, under 0 degree Celsius, can build-up ice the same, all can there is solidification phenomenon lower than certain after a bit in storage temperature in fluid oil, and this quality that does not represent oil product has problem.Solidifying point (fusing point) difference under different oil product different temperatures.Approximately 10 ℃, the solidifying point of peanut oil; Extra virgin palm fibre fruit oil is approximately 5 ℃ with olive oil; Common soybean oil is about subzero 8 ℃; Sesame oil solidifying point 0～-6 ℃, the solidifying point of corn oil is about-10 ℃.Waste oil is mostly 2～15 ℃ according to the different solidifying points of batching.Most of oil product temperature present the best state of oil product transparency when standing at 20 ℃.Domestic famous peanut oil producer, all adopts oil tank to build in indoor, is called constant heat storage, adopts central air conditioner temperature adjustment, and temperature is advisable with 18 ℃.
Friction force in motion liquid is momentum-exchange between fluid molecule and the result of cohesion effect.When fluid temperature raises, shear stress reduces, and this is because the cohesion between fluid molecule raises and reduces with temperature, and momentum-exchange is little to the viscous effect of liquid.According to the solidifying point of various edible oils, comprehensively judge, at peanut oil and waste oil below 12 ℃, start to solidify, like this, I can take to measure from 12 ℃ to 50 ℃ peanut oil, olive oil, sesame oil, and three kinds of typical waste oils (sample of closing down from Pingyin, Shandong), the data result of test is as shown in the Fig. 7 in Figure of description.
The shear stress data line that can find higher these oil products of temperature from the data shown in Fig. 7 is more approaching, more bad differentiation.The differentiation that is the bigger the better of the distance of the lower line of temperature.But lower than 20 degree, just there is partial coagulation point in some oil products, can affect like this accuracy of measurement.According to the self character of various edible oils and aggregation of data analysis, in line with the principle of being convenient to difference and don't impact detection effect, measure temperature the best between 20 to 30 degree.Through to various plants oil and waste oil repeated measurement, find that the shear stress of several edible vegetable oils the inside olive oil is maximum, but be also lower than waste oil.So, the separatrix that the data of olive oil of can take are vegetable oil and waste oil.
As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the mechanical construction drawing that has provided respectively the waste oil alternating temperature detecting instrument based on shear stress of the present invention, it comprises experiment container 1, drive motor 2, rotor block 3, rotation axis 4, tempering container 5, fixed support 6, firm banking 7, heating rod 8; Shown experiment container 1 is fixed in tempering container 5 by firm banking 7, and heating rod 8 is fixed in tempering container 5 by fixed support 6.In the process of test, oil product to be tested is placed in experiment container 1, in tempering container 5, holds water quality, to the oil product in experiment container 1 is carried out to homogeneous heating; The above and below of tempering container 5 also offers respectively water inlet 9 and water delivering orifice 10, and water inlet 9 is connected with entrance with circulation delivery side of pump respectively with water delivering orifice 10, to realize the circulation of heating water.Drive motor 2 is connected with microcontroller 11, on the rotation axis 4 of drive motor 2, be provided with rotor block 3, rotor block 3 is realized the bed separation of oil product to be tested in the process of rotating, and shearing stress sensor 13 is arranged on rotor block 3, to realize shear stress accurately, detects.
As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, the circuit theory diagrams of detecting instrument of the present invention have been provided; It comprises microcontroller 11, power module 12, shearing stress sensor 13, heating control circuit 14, refrigeration control circuit 15, temperature sensing circuit 16, liquid crystal display 17, key-press module 18; Shown 11 data acquisitions of microcontroller, computing and signal output action, shearing stress sensor 13 is input to the shear stress signal of collection in microcontroller 11, the control that heating control circuit 14 and refrigeration control circuit 15 are realized water temperature in tempering container 5, temperature sensing circuit 16 feeds back to microcontroller 11 by the water temperature signal of heating water, liquid crystal display 17 shows the curve of the data of detection and drafting, to intuitively reflect measurement result.
Wherein, microcontroller 11 can adopt the AVR Mega16 single-chip microcomputer (speed, the interior aboundresources of sheet) that ATmel company produces as main control chip, to control the switch of electrical appliance, the input of the demonstration of screen, parameter; The data that read sensor is beamed back are also carried out computing.Between microcontroller 11 and shearing stress sensor 13, adopt serial communication, not only stable, and use comparatively extensive, so use serial ports to realize and the communicating by letter of sensor in design.In this part, also to use MAX232 chip, the Transistor-Transistor Logic level of single-chip microcomputer is converted to rs-232 standard level.In heating control circuit 14, adopt heating rod to heat, heating rod is AC electric appliance, thus in design, adopt bidirectional triode thyristor to control cut-offfing of heating rod, with mutually the cooperate temperature of Quality control of cooling piece.In refrigeration control circuit 15, adopt cooling piece, cooling piece is direct current 12V electrical appliance, and electric current is larger, adopt the metal-oxide-semiconductor of large electric current to control, and circuit is fairly simple.Because existing 12V electrical appliance and current requirements in this circuit are larger, have again
the chip of 5V power supply, so power module 12 adopts ready-made two 12V commodity Switching Power Supplies in design, then changes by three-terminal voltage-stabilizing chip 7805 and 7905, thereby meets the requirement of system to power supply.Temperature sensing circuit 16 adopts DS18B20 chip, and DS18B20 is a kind of very handy temperature sensor, and circuit is very simple, and measurement result is accurate.Liquid crystal display 17 adopts 5.7 cun 320
the liquid crystal display of 240 dot matrix can complete demonstration and the drawing function of data well as display module.
Owing to adopting the driven by motor rotor of invariablenes turning speed to rotate, thereby make the fluid in beaker form laminar flow, and fluid has reacting force to rotor, and this shear stress is converted into the electric signal that can Gong read by the hairspring spring being connected with rotor, has made shearing stress sensor.In order to improve the accuracy of test, be provided with rotor protection frame.Adopt DS18B20 temperature sensor, select widely applicablely, control the separate pid algorithm of parameter by with semiconductor chilling plate with exchange well heater, to popping one's head in, carry out Whole Process Control.Due to directly heating and refrigeration oil product, can cause uneven in temperature evenly, with regard to the way of having taked to utilize water circulation heating or freeze, make the surveyed oil product can thermally equivalent or cold like this.For this reason, designed, designed oil product detect Special double-hole water bath.Thereby make oil product reach the effect of automatic temperature changing by this temperature varying system.Can automatically measure shear stress variation with temperature situation in uniform temperature (20 to 30 degrees Celsius) scope.
Waste oil temperature change detecting method based on shear stress of the present invention, carries out: a. arranges shear stress proving installation in accordance with the following methods, lays the shear stress proving installation that the shear stress numerical value of oil product to be detected is gathered; B., attemperating unit is set, the temperature control equipment that laying can regulate the temperature of oil product; C. oil product to be detected is inserted to shear stress proving installation, by attemperating unit, the temperature of oil product is regulated, detect oil product shear stress numerical value under each temperature spot within the scope of 20～30 ℃, the shear stress number of collection is not less than 5; D. for each oil product to be detected, all adopt the method in step c to detect, until the detection of all oil products is complete; E. olive oil is inserted to shear stress proving installation, by attemperating unit, the temperature of oil product is regulated, detect olive oil shear stress numerical value under each temperature spot within the scope of 20～30 ℃, the shear stress number of collection is not less than 5; F. take temperature parameter as horizontal ordinate, shear stress numerical value is ordinate; In the mode of first described point or line, draw out the curve of each oil product to be detected and olive oil; G. oil product judgement, what oil product curve to be detected was positioned at olive oil curve top is waste oil, and what oil product curve to be detected was positioned at olive oil curve below is normal edible vegetable oil, and what oil product curve to be detected overlapped with olive oil curve is olive oil.
In the process of using, first tester carries out apparatus installation debugging, experimental apparatus don't fail to be transferred to equilibrium state, guarantees that the oil product in experiment container does not have water leaking-in and other impurity simultaneously, can not have bubble.After shifting to an earlier date ready work, to system, switch on, system is just started working, first system needs initialization, to guarantee system, can normally work, afterwards sample is placed in place, and the parameter that need be set by key-press input, confirm errorless after, by button, send the order that test starts again, test job just formally starts, in test process, main control chip is the data of read test from sensor constantly, and record, through showing to come after certain processing in LCD screen, after end to be tested, by measuring the contrast of curve and typical curve, reach a conclusion.
Get two kinds of test peanut oil, the first is for drawing together Shandong court cards peanut oil, bar code number: 6916168616233, and lot number: DC2011-09-07; The second is self-control peanut oil.Olive oil is a kind of, Shandong court cards, and bar code number is 6916168617766, label is GB23347, date 2011-01-10.Sesame oil is a kind of, bar code: 6927362702011, and label: GB8233.Corn oil is a kind of, and good fortune is board near the house, bar code number: 6941499100076, and label: GB19111, date: 2011-04-28.Walnut oil is a kind of, primary board, lot number: 370112-000632.
Three kinds of waste oils, the first is that industry park, Pingying County Jixi Qian Men commerce and trade company is wholesale, seals numbering up for safekeeping: A11.The second is Guo Liu ditch villages, villages and small towns, Pingying County hole, and Jinan flourishing oil prodution industry company limited produces, and seals numbering up for safekeeping: B9.The third is Guo Liu ditch villages, villages and small towns, Pingying County hole, and Jinan flourishing oil prodution industry company limited produces, and seals numbering up for safekeeping: C18.Above-mentioned three kinds of oil contents are not numbered A, B, C.
All test results are combined to be combined together and can be clearly seen that, at 20 degree in 30 degree intervals, with the test curve of olive oil, distinguish, the curve of all waste oils and waste oil miscella is all on olive oil curve, and all vegetable oil are all below this line.
Claims (1)
1. the waste oil temperature change detecting method based on shear stress, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
A., shear stress proving installation is set, lays the shear stress proving installation that the shear stress numerical value of oil product to be detected is gathered;
B., attemperating unit is set, the temperature control equipment that laying can regulate the temperature of oil product;
C. oil product to be detected is inserted to shear stress proving installation, by attemperating unit, the temperature of oil product is regulated, detect oil product shear stress numerical value under each temperature spot within the scope of 20～30 ℃, the shear stress number of collection is not less than 5;
D. for each oil product to be detected, all adopt the method in step c to detect, until the detection of all oil products is complete;
E. olive oil is inserted to shear stress proving installation, by attemperating unit, the temperature of oil product is regulated, detect olive oil shear stress numerical value under each temperature spot within the scope of 20～30 ℃, the shear stress number of collection is not less than 5;
F. take temperature parameter as horizontal ordinate, shear stress numerical value is ordinate; In the mode of first described point or line, draw out the curve of each oil product to be detected and olive oil;
G. oil product judgement, what oil product curve to be detected was positioned at olive oil curve top is waste oil, and what oil product curve to be detected was positioned at olive oil curve below is normal edible vegetable oil, and what oil product curve to be detected overlapped with olive oil curve is olive oil.
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