CN102589587B - Improved short-term cross-correlation positioning method for chaos fiber fence system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an improved short-term cross-correlation positioning method for a chaos fiber fence system. The improved short-term cross-correlation positioning method comprises the following steps of: using the sensitivity of chaos to initial values as a detection mechanism; averagely dividing each frame waveform into N sections by using the inherent frame structure characteristics of an output waveform of a chaos ring laser and the distribution similarity of adjacent frame waveforms, and calling each section as a short-term window; calculating the cross-correlation between the short-term windows corresponding to two adjacent frame waveforms, i.e. short-term cross-correlation; and determining an intra-annular intrusion position according to an intra-frame moment when a short-term cross-correlation peak value begins to decrease. With the adoption of the improved short-term cross-correlation positioning method for the chaos fiber fence system, the accuracy of the positioning of the chaos fiber fence system is effectively improved, and the contradiction in the increase of the distribution similarity of adjacent frames, i.e. short-term cross-correlation peak values, and the increase of positioning resolution can be avoided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of short-term cross-correlation positioning method of time domain waveform short-term cross-correlation positioning method, particularly a kind of improved chaos fiber fence system.
Background technology
Chaos is the phenomenon in a kind of determinacy Kind of Nonlinear Dynamical System, has characteristics such as can not repeating self to initial value sensitivity, waveform, is particularly suitable for distributed sensor system.
Utilize the image intensifers such as Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) to form optical fiber ring laser and can produce chaos light, the time that light goes in ring one week in ring laser is a fixing constant τ.The output waveform of chaos ring laser within a τ time is called a frame.Utilize the frame structure feature of chaos ring laser output waveform and the similarity of consecutive frame to realize open loop and postpone the chaotic communication system receiving.Also can utilize this feature to measure the local dip position in chaos ring laser fiber optic loop.
A kind of method for comparatively measuring range of interframe of chaotic light time domain waveform is suggested, disturbances location is proposed to three kinds of methods: one, the time-domain signal of disturbance frame and former frame is subtracted each other, set a threshold epsilon, be greater than ε from which moment difference of ε and think that disturbance has occurred which in moment, both can determine the position of disturbance generation according to the corresponding relation of time in position in ring and frame; Two, draw in advance distance-relevant peaks figure, do respectively interframe computing cross-correlation, find the normalization interframe cross-correlation peak value that disturbance frame is corresponding, find corresponding disturbance location from distance-relevant peaks figure; Three, disturbance frame is carried out to local simple crosscorrelation, local cross-correlation peak value distribution curve has one or continuous several lower trapping spots in corresponding position, and multipoint disturbance, has trapping spot under many places, accordingly, can make the position that disturbance occurs.
The anti-interference of first method is poor, second method need to record distance-relevant peaks figure in advance, and can only locate single-point disturbance, the local simple crosscorrelation of the third method also claims simple crosscorrelation in short-term, this localization method takes full advantage of the distribution similarity of time variation and the interframe waveform of chaos, can locate multipoint disturbance, it is a kind of reasonable method, if but the starting point of short time-window is not optimized to design, acquiescence starts to divide short time-window from the starting point of frame, positioning precision can be very not high yet, and be difficult to solve and improve positioning resolution and improve the i.e. contradiction of cross-correlation peak value in short-term of consecutive frame distribution similarity.The short-term cross-correlation positioning method of improved chaos fiber fence system of the present invention is mainly optimized design to the starting point of short time-window exactly.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the defect existing for prior art, a kind of short-term cross-correlation positioning method of improved chaos fiber fence system is provided, the starting point of short time-window is optimized, make to locate precision, robotization more.
for reaching above-mentioned goal of the invention, design of the present invention is:
The front and back two frame chaotic waves of laser instrument output are compared.If the original state of laser instrument does not change, two frame waveforms are closely similar; Otherwise due to the susceptibility of chaos to initial value, on the loop of ring laser, disturbance appears in a certain position, corresponding a certain frame output waveform starts to change chaotic output waveform from the corresponding moment, so just can where disturbance occur Accurate Determining.
according to above-mentioned inventive concept, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
Improved short-term cross-correlation positioning method adopts following steps to carry out:
(1) the some frame chaotic outputs of continuous acquisition Wave data, gets the chaos data of counting more than a frame and carries out auto-correlation computation, determines a frame time τ of laser instrument output;
The autocorrelation function of chaotic signal is similar to an impulse function, we there will be quasi-periodic self correlated peak when doing auto-correlation computation more than the chaotic signal of a frame, the time interval between each autocorrelation peak all equals a frame time τ of laser instrument output, and just peak value size reduces with increasing time delay.
(2) determine the starting point of the 1st frame complete waveform of laser instrument output by multiframe chaotic waves method of superposition;
So-called multiframe chaotic waves method of superposition, since first image data, superposes continuous multiple frames chaotic waves exactly one by one.Owing to being often mingled with from pulse signal in chaotic waves, and have periodically from pulse, chaotic signal is that class is random, therefore, after the stack of multiframe waveform, just can strengthen from pulse, and the amplitude of chaotic signal can obviously not increase.By this method, can find in chaotic waves hide from pulse.This be the starting point of the 1st frame complete waveform of laser instrument output from pulse, gives up the starting point data of less than one frame in the past.
(3) the overall simple crosscorrelation of calculating consecutive frame chaotic waves, determines disturbance generation frame;
On the loop of system, people is for adding a disturbance; Constantly calculate the simple crosscorrelation of front and back frame, determine the threshold value of a suitable normalization interframe cross-correlation peak value according to reality, the cross-correlation peak value of which frame and former frame is less than threshold value, and disturbance from which frame starts to occur.
(4) find suitable short time-window long;
With each simple crosscorrelation in short-term of two adjacent undisturbed frames before the long calculation perturbation frame of different short time-windows, get that cross-correlation peak value consistance is best in short-term, the short time-window of variance or standard deviation minimum is long.Short time-window is longer, and similarity is better, but positioning resolution is lower; Short time-window is shorter, and positioning resolution is higher, but similarity is lower, also will consider the requirement of positioning resolution while therefore selecting short time-window long.
(5) find suitable short time-window starting point n
0;
According to the requirement of positioning precision respectively from first beginning of disturbance frame and undisturbed frame before each short time-window mobile n point progressively backward, the cross-correlation peak value of the choosing disturbance short time-window starting point n of first maximum short time-window that declines
0be the starting point of the short time-window of two frames, now should have disturbance starting point just in time to overlap with the starting point of some short time-windows, now location is the most accurate.
(6) determine disturbance short time-window;
The simple crosscorrelation in short-term of calculation perturbation generation frame and previous undisturbed frame chaotic waves, before disturbance occurs, the normalization of front and back frame in short-term cross-correlation peak value more unanimously and all close to 1; When disturbance occurs, cross-correlation peak value starts obvious decline at corresponding short time-window place in short-term.This short time-window is disturbance short time-window.
(7) determine the interior moment of frame that disturbance occurs;
After sequence number j by disturbance short time-window in frame and short time-window, move n
0the time that point is corresponding, can accurately converse the initial time that in loop, disturbance occurs.
(8) determine the interior position of ring that disturbance occurs.
Position in time point and the fiber optic loop of one frame chaotic waves of chaos fiber fence system output is one to one, and the interior moment of frame of finding disturbance to occur just can be determined the interior position of ring that disturbance occurs.
the present invention compared with prior art has following outstanding feature and remarkable advantage:
The feature that the present invention has utilized chaos ring laser output time-domain waveform autocorrelation function to have almost-periodic function has dexterously found frame length, utilize the stack of multiframe chaotic waves to find the starting point of frame, optimal design the starting point of short time-window, now, requirement to positioning resolution reduces greatly, and locates precision, robotization more.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) chaos fiber fence experimental system structural drawing.
Fig. 2 is the FB(flow block) of the short-term cross-correlation positioning method of improved chaos fiber fence system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is continuous multiple frames undisturbed chaotic waves and its auto-correlation computation result.
Fig. 4 is the oscillogram of multiframe undisturbed chaotic signal stack.
Fig. 5 is the curve map of cross-correlation peak value in short-term of two adjacent undisturbed frame chaotic waves before disturbance frame.
Fig. 6 is the time cross-correlation peak value curve map in short-term of disturbance frame after first short time-window starting point optimal design and previous undisturbed frame.
specific embodiments for example
Details are as follows by reference to the accompanying drawings for the preferred embodiments of the present invention:
Embodiment mono-:
This improved chaos fiber fence short-term cross-correlation positioning method, adopt chaos to make to detect mechanism to the susceptibility of initial value, locate disturbance by the distribution similarity of the intrinsic frame structure feature of chaos ring laser output waveform and consecutive frame waveform, it is characterized in that every frame wave-average filtering to be divided into N section, every section is called a short time-window, calculate the simple crosscorrelation of the corresponding short time-window of adjacent two frame waveforms, i.e. simple crosscorrelation in short-term, determines the invasion position in ring according to the moment in the frame that cross-correlation peak value starts to decline in short-term; Employing following steps position:
(1) determine frame length τ: the some frame chaotic outputs of continuous acquisition Wave data, get the chaos data of counting more than a frame and carry out auto-correlation computation, determine that a frame time of laser instrument output is frame length τ;
The autocorrelation function of chaotic signal is similar to an impulse function, we there will be quasi-periodic self correlated peak when doing auto-correlation computation more than the chaotic signal of a frame, the time interval between each autocorrelation peak all equals a frame time τ of laser instrument output, and just peak value size reduces with increasing time delay;
(2) determine the starting point of the first frame complete waveform: the starting point of determining the 1st frame complete waveform of laser instrument output by multiframe chaotic waves method of superposition;
So-called multiframe chaotic waves method of superposition, since first image data, superposes continuous multiple frames chaotic waves exactly one by one.Owing to being often mingled with from pulse signal in chaotic waves, and have periodically from pulse, chaotic signal is that class is random, therefore, after the stack of multiframe waveform, just can strengthen from pulse, and the amplitude of chaotic signal can obviously not increase.By this method, can find in chaotic waves hide from pulse.This be the starting point of the 1st frame complete waveform of laser instrument output from pulse, gives up the starting point data of less than one frame in the past.
(3) determine disturbance generation frame: calculate the overall simple crosscorrelation of consecutive frame chaotic waves, determine disturbance generation frame;
On the loop of system, people is for adding a disturbance; Constantly calculate the simple crosscorrelation of front and back frame, determine the threshold value of a suitable normalization interframe cross-correlation peak value according to reality, the cross-correlation peak value of which frame and former frame is less than threshold value, and disturbance from which frame starts to occur.
(4) find suitable short time-window long:
With each simple crosscorrelation in short-term of two adjacent undisturbed frames before the long calculation perturbation frame of different short time-windows, get that cross-correlation peak value consistance is best in short-term, the short time-window of variance or standard deviation minimum is long.Short time-window is longer, and similarity is better, but positioning resolution is lower; Short time-window is shorter, and positioning resolution is higher, but similarity is lower, also will consider the requirement of positioning resolution while therefore selecting short time-window long.
(5) find suitable short time-window starting point n
0:
According to the requirement of positioning precision respectively from first beginning of disturbance frame and undisturbed frame before each short time-window mobile n point progressively backward, the cross-correlation peak value of the choosing disturbance short time-window starting point n of first maximum short time-window that declines
0be the starting point of the short time-window of two frames, now should have disturbance starting point just in time to overlap with the starting point of some short time-windows, now location is the most accurate.
(6) determine disturbance short time-window:
The simple crosscorrelation in short-term of calculation perturbation generation frame and previous undisturbed frame chaotic waves, before disturbance occurs, the normalization of front and back frame in short-term cross-correlation peak value more unanimously and all close to 1; When disturbance occurs, cross-correlation peak value starts obvious decline at corresponding short time-window place in short-term.This short time-window is disturbance short time-window.
(7) determine the interior moment of frame that disturbance occurs:
After sequence number j by disturbance short time-window in frame and short time-window, move n
0the time that point is corresponding, can accurately converse the initial time that in loop, disturbance occurs.
(8) determine the interior position of ring that disturbance occurs:
Position in time point and the fiber optic loop of one frame chaotic waves of chaos fiber fence system output is one to one, and the interior moment of frame of finding disturbance to occur just can be determined the interior position of ring that disturbance occurs.
Embodiment bis-:
The present embodiment and embodiment mono-are basic identical, and special feature is as follows:
The chaos time domain waveform of described chaos ring laser output is intensity chaos, or Polarization Chaos; Described chaos ring laser has multiple variant form, as long as its output waveform has frame structure feature and all can be used as chaos fiber fence system, and locates by the method; Described chaotic laser light device is made up of semiconductor optical amplifier SOA or erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier EDFA, or is made up of the semiconductor laser with exocoel; Adopt optical fiber or optical waveguide to connect, or connect with free space.
Embodiment tri-:
Referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 6.This example selects Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) optical fiber ring laser to make chaos light source formation chaos fiber fence system, and its system architecture as shown in Figure 1.Here Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) 1 is the OFA1550 fibre-optical amplifier module of Shanghai Tian Bo photoelectricity company.Wave filter 2 is the wave filter that Shanghai Han Yu company produces, and centre wavelength is 1550.12 nanometers.Coupling mechanism 3 is 2 X 2 coupling mechanisms of the wealthy company in upper Haikang, and splitting ratio is 50: 50.Optical fiber 4 and 5 is G. 652 standard single-mode fibers, and length is respectively 25.268Km and 3.083Km.The optical fiber squeezer that the model that Polarization Controller 6 is General Photonics company of the U.S. is PLC-001.The analyzer that analyzer 7 is POL-NTSS-FC/PC for General Photonics company of U.S. model.Photoelectricity sounder 8 is the PIN-TIA detector that Shenzhen Photon company produces.Oscillograph 9 is the PicoScope 5203 PC oscillographs of Pico Technology company, and computing machine 10 is the K40AB of Asus notebook computer.An invasion of optical fiber simulation is knocked with little hammer in position, junction between optical fiber 4 and 5, and its physical location is at 3.083km place.
The short-term cross-correlation positioning method of this improved chaos fiber fence system, the concrete following (see figure 2) of implementation step:
(1) the some frame chaotic outputs of continuous acquisition Wave data, carries out auto-correlation computation to the undisturbed chaotic waves data of long period, determines a frame time τ of laser instrument output
=139.18
s, correspondingly fiber optic loop length is 28.365Km.Here sampling rate is 1GS/s, and sampling interval dt is 1x10
-9second, counting of each frame is 139180 points.(see figure 3)
(2) determine that by multiframe chaotic signal method of superposition the starting point of the 1st frame complete waveform of laser instrument output is the 36051st point.(see figure 4)
(3) give up starting point data in the past, between consecutive frame, do interframe computing cross-correlation, find disturbance to start the frame number i=8 of that frame occurring.
(4) short time-window of attempting different length carries out computing cross-correlation, finds suitable short time-window long.Adopt at 4500 during as short time-window length stw, each in short-term the consistance of cross-correlation peak value reach optimum.(see figure 5)
(5) start at every turn with 100 mobile short time-windows backward from first starting point of disturbance frame and previous undisturbed frame, in the time of mobile 2900, the simple crosscorrelation of disturbance short time-window declines maximum, short time-window starting point n
0just be 2900.
(6) determine disturbance short time-window j, using short time-window starting point 2900 as disturbance start frame 8 frames and the starting point of former frame undisturbed frame 7 frames, do computing cross-correlation in short-term, since the 4th short time-window, cross-correlation peak value is less than threshold value 0.89 in short-term, and widely different with previous cross-correlation peak value in short-term, can determine that it is and start the short time-window that obviously declines, be that disturbance short time-window j is 4, see Fig. 6.
(7) determine the interior moment of frame that disturbance occurs:
After sequence number 4 by disturbance short time-window in frame and short time-window, move 2900 corresponding times, can accurately converse moment t=[(j-1) the x stw+n of the generation of disturbance in loop
0] x dt=[(4-1) x 4500+2900] x 10
-9=16.4 microseconds.
(8) determine the interior position of ring that disturbance occurs:
Position R=t xv=txc/n=16.4 x 10 in ring
-6x 3 x 10
8/ 1.472=3.342km, c is the light velocity in vacuum here, there is certain error with actual 3.083km in the refractive index that n is fibre core, 259 meters of absolute errors, relative error is 8.4%, the long 28.365km of relatively whole fiber optic loop, its error is 0.91%.
By analysis, error is more greatly because the detection error of following several types causes: 1) the caused detection error of the difference of the cross-correlation peak value in short-term of consecutive frame chaotic waves, this is the inherent error of system, can not eliminate, and can only reduce this error by the consistance that improves each peak value; 2) because the pump power of experiment Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) used is nonadjustable, the control of the duty to chaos fiber fence system is restricted, can only, by regulating Polarization Controller to carry out the duty of adjustment System, therefore, cannot be adjusted to the best operating point of system.If use the adjustable Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) of pump power instead, error is expected to decline; 3) the additional detected error that all kinds of noise cause, can reduce by data processing methods such as de-noisings; 4) the limited caused detection error of data acquisition sampling rate, can be reduced by the method that improves sampling rate.
Because present condition is limit, can only use PicoScope PC oscillograph image data, sampling rate is up to 1GS/s can not carry out high Growth spurt continuous acquisition, and as the multiframe data with the output of high-speed data acquisition card continuous acquisition chaos ring laser, positioning error must reduce.
Claims (3)
1. the short-term cross-correlation positioning method of an improved chaos fiber fence system, adopt chaos to make to detect mechanism to the susceptibility of initial value, locate disturbance by the distribution similarity of the intrinsic frame structure feature of chaos ring laser output waveform and consecutive frame waveform, it is characterized in that every frame wave-average filtering to be divided into N section, every section is called a short time-window, calculate the simple crosscorrelation of the corresponding short time-window of adjacent two frame waveforms, i.e. simple crosscorrelation in short-term, determines the invasion position in ring according to the moment in the frame that cross-correlation peak value starts to decline in short-term; Employing following steps position:
(1) determine frame length τ: the some frame chaotic outputs of continuous acquisition Wave data, get the chaos data of counting more than a frame and carry out auto-correlation computation, determine that a frame time of chaos ring laser output is frame length τ;
The autocorrelation function of chaotic signal is similar to an impulse function, there will be quasi-periodic self correlated peak when doing auto-correlation computation more than the chaotic signal of a frame, the time interval between each autocorrelation peak all equals a frame time τ of chaos ring laser output, and just peak value size reduces with increasing time delay;
(2) determine the starting point of the first frame complete waveform: the starting point of determining the first frame complete waveform of chaos ring laser output by multiframe chaotic waves method of superposition;
So-called multiframe chaotic waves method of superposition, since first image data, superposes continuous multiple frames chaotic waves exactly one by one;
Owing to being often mingled with from pulse signal in chaotic waves, and have periodically from pulse, chaotic signal is that class is random, therefore, after the stack of multiframe waveform, just can strengthen from pulse, and the amplitude of chaotic signal can obviously not increase;
By this method, can find in chaotic waves hide from pulse;
This be the starting point of the first frame complete waveform of chaos ring laser output from pulse, gives up the starting point data of less than one frame in the past;
?(3) determine disturbance generation frame: calculate the overall simple crosscorrelation of consecutive frame chaotic waves, determine disturbance generation frame;
On the loop of system, people is for adding a disturbance; Constantly calculate the simple crosscorrelation of front and back frame, determine the threshold value of a suitable normalization interframe cross-correlation peak value according to reality, the cross-correlation peak value of which frame and former frame is less than threshold value, and disturbance from which frame starts to occur;
?(4) find suitable short time-window long:
With each simple crosscorrelation in short-term of two adjacent undisturbed frames before the long calculation perturbation frame of different short time-windows, get that cross-correlation peak value consistance is best in short-term, the short time-window of variance or standard deviation minimum is long;
Short time-window is longer, and similarity is better, but positioning resolution is lower; Short time-window is shorter, and positioning resolution is higher, but similarity is lower, also will consider the requirement of positioning resolution while therefore selecting short time-window long;
?(5) find suitable short time-window starting point n
0:
According to the requirement of positioning precision respectively from first beginning of disturbance frame and undisturbed frame before each short time-window mobile n point progressively backward, the cross-correlation peak value of the choosing disturbance short time-window starting point n of first maximum short time-window that declines
0be the starting point of the short time-window of two frames, now should have disturbance starting point just in time to overlap with the starting point of some short time-windows, now location is the most accurate;
?(6) determine disturbance short time-window:
The simple crosscorrelation in short-term of calculation perturbation generation frame and previous undisturbed frame chaotic waves, before disturbance occurs, the normalization of front and back frame in short-term cross-correlation peak value more unanimously and all close to 1; When disturbance occurs, cross-correlation peak value starts obvious decline at corresponding short time-window place in short-term;
This short time-window is disturbance short time-window;
?(7) determine the interior moment of frame that disturbance occurs:
After sequence number j by disturbance short time-window in frame and short time-window, move n
0the time that point is corresponding, can accurately converse the moment in the frame that in loop, disturbance occurs;
?(8) determine the interior position of ring that disturbance occurs:
Position in time point and the fiber optic loop of one frame chaotic waves of chaos fiber fence system output is one to one, and the interior moment of frame of finding disturbance to occur just can be determined the interior position of ring that disturbance occurs.
2. the short-term cross-correlation positioning method of improved chaos fiber fence system according to claim 1, is characterized in that the chaos time domain waveform of described chaos ring laser output is intensity chaos, or Polarization Chaos.
3. the short-term cross-correlation positioning method of improved chaos fiber fence system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described chaos ring laser has multiple variant form, as long as its output waveform has frame structure feature and all can be used as chaos fiber fence system, and locate by the method; Described chaos ring laser is made up of semiconductor optical amplifier SOA or erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier EDFA, or is made up of the semiconductor laser with exocoel; Adopt optical fiber or optical waveguide to connect, or connect with free space.
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| CN104729549B (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2017-07-25 | 上海大学 | The digital method of two-way chaos ring laser Distributed optical fiber sensor system |
| CN107014409B (en) * | 2017-03-26 | 2019-05-28 | 天津大学 | A kind of long range optical frequency domain reflection-based optical fiber Distributed Multi destabilization sensing method |
| CN107270952B (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2020-03-31 | 天津求实飞博科技有限公司 | Long-distance optical fiber distributed disturbance sensing signal processing method based on optical frequency domain reflection |
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