CN102588506B - Vibration isolation pad - Google Patents

Vibration isolation pad Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102588506B
CN102588506B CN201210044288.3A CN201210044288A CN102588506B CN 102588506 B CN102588506 B CN 102588506B CN 201210044288 A CN201210044288 A CN 201210044288A CN 102588506 B CN102588506 B CN 102588506B
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China
Prior art keywords
elastomer block
base
vibration isolator
vibration
boss
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CN201210044288.3A
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CN102588506A (en
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文志永
马庆镇
桂建华
李振光
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Weichai Power Co Ltd
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Weichai Power Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a vibration isolation pad which is used for an automobile. The vibration isolation pad comprises a base, a connecting shaft, a pre-tightening nut, an upper elastic block, a lower elastic block and a cover plate, wherein the upper elastic block is positioned in an upper concave cavity on the base; the lower elastic block is positioned in a lower concave cavity of the base; the cover plate is positioned above the upper elastic block; the connecting shaft sequentially penetrates through the lower elastic block, a connecting plate of the base, the upper elastic block and a through hole of the cover plate and is connected with the pre-tightening nut; the lower end of the connecting shaft is provided with a first boss matched with the lower concave cavity of the base; an annular step surface of the first concave boss is in contact with and supports the lower elastic block; and the upper elastic block and the lower elastic block are internally provided with empty cavities. The vibration isolation pad provided by the invention not only plays an effect of simultaneously isolating vibration up and down, but also automatically regulates the rigidity and damping, adapts to different working conditions of automobile running, plays support and spacing effects on a power assembly, isolates the vibration caused by the power assembly to an automobile frame effectively, reduces the vibration noise in an automobile compartment, and improves the comfortableness.

Description

A kind of vibration isolator
Technical field
The present invention relates to automobile technical field, particularly relate to a kind of vibration isolator for motor or power assembly.
Background technique
Along with the development of China in Recent Years automotive industry, automobile has become one of main traffic instrument that people ride instead of walk.Motor is the power source of vehicle, is also main vibration source simultaneously.If the vibration that motor produces can not get good control, can body vibrations be caused, affect the riding comfort of vehicle.Along with the market maintenance of vehicle, particularly passenger vehicle in recent years increases greatly, in modern vehicle designs, the vibration isolation between motor and car body is had higher requirement.
During automobile power assembly suspending coupling, adopt vibration isolator supporting motive force assembly, isolate the transmission of power assembly vibration to vehicle frame simultaneously, so require that vibration isolator will have large Static stiffness, there is the function controlling power assembly relative movement and displacement, can overcome and balance the reaction force and inertial force that produce because of high pulling torque output or emergency braking, support and position-limiting action are played to assembly.Meanwhile, also require that vibration isolation is lined with low dynamic stiffness and little damping, effectively can isolate the vibration of power assembly to vehicle frame transmission, reduce compartment internal vibration noise, improve travelling comfort.Wherein, Static stiffness refers to the ability of resistance to deformation under static load, and dynamic stiffness refers to the ability of resistance to deformation under dynamic load.
In car running process, variable working condition requirement vibration isolator rigidity, damping change with working conditions change frequently.Vibration isolator rigidity conventional in the market and damping are fixed unadjustable, and the vibration isolator of the large damping of large rigidity can play good position-limiting action to power assembly, but vibration isolating effect is poor; The vibration isolating effect of the little damping of little rigidity is good, but cannot play effective position-limiting action to power assembly.In addition, at present conventional vibration isolator rubber leaks outside, and be easily subject to the corrosion of oil gas and aging, working life is short.Although hydraulic antivibration device and half active, active isolation device can meet the demands, there is the defects such as cost is high, manufacturing process is complicated, stability is not high, maintainability is poor, quality volume is large.
Therefore, how designing a kind of vibration isolator of the rigidity that can automatically adjust with operating mode difference, is the current technical issues that need to address of those skilled in the art.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of vibration isolator, for automobile, the dynamic stiffness of this vibration isolator and damping can change with the compression of elastomer block, meet the operation demand under different operating mode.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of vibration isolator, comprising base, coupling shaft, pre-load nut, the upper elastomer block being positioned at cavity on described base, the lower elastomer block being positioned at cavity under described base and the cover plate be positioned at above described upper elastomer block; Described coupling shaft is connected with described pre-load nut through the through hole of described lower elastomer block, the connecting plate of described base, described upper elastomer block and described cover plate successively; The lower end of described coupling shaft is provided with the first boss coordinated with cavity under described base, and the annular table terrace of described first boss contacts and supports described lower elastomer block; The inside of described upper elastomer block and described lower elastomer block is provided with cavity;
The through hole upper end of described upper elastomer block and the through hole lower end of described lower elastomer block have taper concave station structure respectively, described cover plate is provided with the boss matched with end toper concave station on described upper elastomer block through hole, the bottom of described coupling shaft has the boss matched with end toper concave station under described lower elastomer block through hole.
Preferably, described vibration isolation is paid somebody's debt and expected repayment later and is comprised spring, is provided with the second boss below described coupling shaft, and the annular table terrace of described second boss contacts and supports described spring; The annular table terrace of described second boss is not less than the plane at the bottom surface place of described upper elastomer block.
Preferably, the cavity of described upper elastomer block and described lower elastomer block inside is oval and is horizontally disposed with.
Preferably, seal ring is provided with between described cover plate and described base.
Preferably, described seal ring is wool felt seal ring.
Preferably, described upper elastomer block and described lower elastomer block are block rubber.
Relative above-mentioned background technology, vibration isolator provided by the present invention comprises cover plate and base, the annular side plate internal fixtion of described base is connected with connecting plate, described annular side plate is divided into upper and lower two cavitys by described connecting plate, described upper elastomer block is arranged in described upper cavity, and described lower elastomer block is arranged in described lower cavity; Described cover plate, upper elastomer block, connecting plate and lower elastomer block are provided with the through hole matched with coupling shaft, described coupling shaft is connected with pre-load nut through the through hole of lower elastomer block, connecting plate, upper elastomer block and cover plate successively, the lower end of described coupling shaft is provided with the first boss coordinated with cavity under described base, and the annular table terrace of described first boss contacts and supports described lower elastomer block; Described upper elastomer block and described lower elastomer block inside are respectively arranged with cavity.The rigidity of vibration isolator is relevant with the decrement of upper elastomer block and lower elastomer block, and can press down cover plate thus the upper elastomer block of compression by tightening pre-load nut, the lower elastomer block of pull-up coupling shaft compression simultaneously, makes vibration isolator rigidity increase gradually.Before installation vibration isolator, regulate the rigidity of vibration isolator to required rigidity by different moment pre-load nut, the motor making identical vibration isolator can meet different model uses.This vibration isolator has larger Static stiffness, can play effectively spacing and supporting effect to power assembly.Because the inside of upper elastomer block and lower elastomer block is provided with cavity, when upper elastomer block and lower elastomer block pressurized, the cavity of its inside also can by compression thus change the rigidity of elastomer block, so in car running process, this vibration isolator can regulate rigidity and the damping of vibration isolator automatically along with different operating mode, thus the low-frequency vibration produced during effective attenuation auto idle speed and road surface, tire encourage the low-frequency vibration of the power assembly caused.
In a preferred embodiment, described vibration isolation is paid somebody's debt and expected repayment later and is comprised spring, the below of coupling shaft be provided with ring-shaped step towards on the second boss, described spring is arranged on the annular table terrace of described second boss, between upper elastomer block and coupling shaft.Described spring can regulate the rigidity of vibration isolator further.In car running process, when causing large-amplitude vibration because of engine output torque change in vehicle starting, braking, gearshift and acceleration and moderating process, the pore of elastomer block and inside thereof is out of shape simultaneously by compression, rigidity, damping become large, further after spring works, the rigidity of vibration isolator can increase further, thus the low-frequency vibration of power assembly of more effectively decaying, good position-limiting action is played to power assembly.
In another preferred embodiment, the through hole lower end of the through hole upper end of upper elastomer block and lower elastomer block is set to taper concave station structure respectively, correspondingly, cover plate is provided with the boss matched with end toper concave station on upper elastomer block through hole, the bottom of coupling shaft is provided with the boss that end toper concave station under lower elastomer block through hole matches.After so arranging, this vibration isolator not only can play the effect of upper and lower vibration isolation decay vertical direction vibration passing, and other directions such as there is torsional moment of can also decaying are as the vibration passing in substantially horizontal.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of a kind of embodiment of vibration isolator provided by the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the axonometric drawing of a kind of embodiment of vibration isolator provided by the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the axonometric drawing of a kind of embodiment of base provided by the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of a kind of embodiment of base provided by the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the sectional view of a kind of embodiment of coupling shaft provided by the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the axonometric drawing of a kind of embodiment of coupling shaft provided by the present invention.
Embodiment
Core of the present invention is to provide a kind of vibration isolator, and the dynamic stiffness of this vibration isolator and damping can change with the compression of elastomer block, meet the operation demand under different operating mode.
In order to make those skilled in the art person understand the present invention program better, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
Please refer to Fig. 1 to Fig. 6, Fig. 1 is the sectional view of a kind of embodiment of vibration isolator provided by the present invention; Fig. 2 is the axonometric drawing of a kind of embodiment of vibration isolator provided by the present invention; Fig. 3 is the axonometric drawing of a kind of embodiment of base provided by the present invention; Fig. 4 is the sectional view of a kind of embodiment of base provided by the present invention; Fig. 5 is the sectional view of a kind of embodiment of coupling shaft provided by the present invention; Fig. 6 is the axonometric drawing of a kind of embodiment of coupling shaft provided by the present invention.
In a kind of embodiment, vibration isolator comprises base 1; The bilateral symmetry position of described base 1 is provided with mounting hole, is installed on vehicle frame by base 1.
The middle part of described base 1 has annular side plate 11, and annular side plate 11 inwall is fixedly connected with connecting plate 12, and annular side plate 11 is divided into upper and lower two cavitys by connecting plate 12.Be provided with lower elastomer block 2 in lower cavity 14, in upper cavity 13, be provided with elastomer block 4.Here it should be noted that, the described noun of locality is upper and lower is for benchmark defines with the diagram of vibration isolator shown in Fig. 4; Should be appreciated that the protection domain that the use of the described noun of locality should not limit the application and asks.Hereinafter described the upper and lower noun of locality is all as benchmark, repeats no more.
Described upper elastomer block 4 and described lower elastomer block 2 can be block rubber.
The inside of described upper elastomer block 4 and described lower elastomer block 2 is provided with cavity; The rigidity of elastomer block is relevant with itself attribute and internal structure, arranges cavity, can change the build-in attribute of elastomer block in the inside of elastomer block; When elastomer block compressive deformation, the cavity of elastomer block inside also can compressive deformation, thus changes rigidity and the damping of elastomer block, and then plays vibration isolation effect.Here it should be noted that, elastomer block inside arranges cavity, and when pressure elasticity block, the cavity volume variable quantity of stiffness variation mainly with elastomer block inside of elastomer block is relevant, and namely the volume-variation amount of elastomer block internal cavities is larger, and the stiffness variation of elastomer block is larger.
When specifically arranging, rigidity is identical or rigidity is different upper elastomer block 4 and lower elastomer block 2 can be selected according to actual needs, when upper elastomer block 4 and lower elastomer block 2 inside arrange cavity, the shape of elastomer block internal cavities can be set according to actual needs, the cavity of two elastomer block is set to same shape or difformity, has same degree or stiffness variation in various degree when pressurized as required to make elastomer block.
The internal cavities of elastomer block can be set to ellipse, when the major axis of ellipse is in substantially horizontal, the isolating technique contribution of elastomer block to vertical direction is comparatively large, and when the major axis of ellipse is in vertical direction, the isolating technique contribution of elastomer block to substantially horizontal is larger.
The top of described upper elastomer block 4 is also provided with cover plate 5, and described cover plate 5 also has annular side plate and surrounds the annular side plate 11 of base 1, as shown in Figure 5; Like this can elastomer block 4 and lower elastomer block 2 on seal protection, avoid elastomer block 4 and lower elastomer block 2 to be subject to the corrosion of oil gas etc. and aging, extend the working life of vibration isolator.
Further, in order to ensure the sealing between cover plate 5 and base 1, seal ring 3 can be set between cover plate 5 and base 1.Described seal ring 3 can be wool felt seal ring.
The connecting plate 12 of described cover plate 5, upper elastomer block 4, base 1 and the middle part of lower elastomer block 2 are provided with through hole, are assembled by coupling shaft 7.Coupling shaft 7 is successively through the through hole of lower elastomer block 2, the connecting plate 12 of base 1, upper elastomer block 4 and cover plate 5, fastening by pre-load nut 6.
The upper end of coupling shaft 7 is provided with the screw thread matched with pre-load nut 6.The lower end of coupling shaft 7 is provided with the first boss matched with base 1 time cavity 14, and the annular table terrace 71 of coupling shaft 7 first boss contacts with the bottom surface of lower elastomer block 2 and supports down elastomer block 2.
Cover plate 5 is constantly pressed down thus the upper elastomer block 4 of compression by tightening pre-load nut 6, and then the cavity of upper elastomer block 4 inside of compression, the rigidity of upper elastomer block 4 can be increased; Pass through pull-up coupling shaft 7 simultaneously thus upwards compress lower elastomer block 2, and then the cavity of lower elastomer block 4 inside of compression, the rigidity of lower elastomer block 2 can be increased.
So same vibration isolator only needs to regulate fastening nut screw-down torque, can change stiffness by itself, meet the vibration isolation needs of different motor or power assembly.
When using this vibration isolator, base 1 is installed on vehicle frame, the upper end of vibration isolator by coupling shaft 7 and cover plate 5 on stationary engine or other support devices; Supporting base and coupling shaft 7 can be fixed by nut, supporting base being provided with mounting hole can be connected with motor or other support devices.
When motor or power assembly upwards vibrate, because motor or power assembly are connected with the upper end of coupling shaft 7, so motor or power assembly drive coupling shaft 7 to move upward thus compress elastomer block 2 down, and then compression is descended the internal cavities of elastomer block 2 and increases the rigidity of lower elastomer block 2.When motor or power assembly vibrate, press down cover plate 5 by motor or power assembly downwards, thus the upper elastomer block 4 of compression, and then the internal cavities of the upper elastomer block 4 of compression and increase the rigidity of upper elastomer block 4.Thus, this vibration isolator can play the effect of vibration isolation simultaneously up and down.
In automobile actual motion, the amplitude of motor or power assembly up-down vibration may be inconsistent, so can by choosing the upper elastomer block 4 of different-stiffness and lower elastomer block 2 when arranging, also the rigidity of adjustable elastic block can be carried out by the cavity arranging difformity or number in the inside of upper elastomer block 4 and lower elastomer block, the mode that both combine can certainly be adopted, make elastomer block 4 and lower elastomer block 2 can regulate respective rigidity according to actual needs.
When motor or power assembly low-frequency vibration, require that vibration isolator rigidity and damping are all very large, good position-limiting action can be played; During dither, require vibration isolator rigidity and damping is less plays vibration isolation effect.
In general, during low-frequency vibration, amplitude shift is larger, the decrement now going up elastomer block 4 or lower elastomer block 2 is larger, thus the rigidity of elastomer block 4 or lower elastomer block 2 is increased, there is the function controlling power assembly relative movement and displacement, can overcome and balance the reaction force and inertial force that produce because of high pulling torque output or emergency braking, well supporting and position-limiting action are played to power assembly.During dither, amplitude shift is less, less to the decrement of upper elastomer block 4 or lower elastomer block 2, thus the rigidity of elastomer block 4 or lower elastomer block 2 is reduced, and then the vibration effectively can isolating power assembly is to vehicle frame transmission, reduce the vibration noise in compartment, improve travelling comfort.
Can be further improved vibration isolator mentioned above.
In actual applications may be overweight or vibrate excessive situation because of institute's supporting object, as motor variable working condition or when jolting road traveling, making upper cover plate 5 pressurized excessive and contacting base 1, causing vibration be directly passed to base 1 and then pass to vehicle frame; Can arrange spring 8 further in above-mentioned vibration isolator, during to hinder vibration excessive, upper cover plate 5 contacts with base 1.
In another kind of embodiment, supine second boss of ring-shaped step is provided with in the below of coupling shaft 7, spring 8 is sleeved on coupling shaft 7, the lower end of annular table terrace 72 contact spring 8 of coupling shaft 7 second boss supported spring 8, spring 8, between the annular table terrace 72 and upper elastomer block 4 of cover plate 5, coupling shaft 7 second boss, plays further and regulates rigidity and position-limiting action.Comprehensively the factor such as the weight of actual support thing and the operating conditions of automobile can choose the spring of proper stiffness, cause vibration isolation to be lost efficacy to avoid cover plate 5 to contact with base 1.
Here it should be noted that, the setting of coupling shaft 7 second boss will ensure that the annular table terrace 72 of the second boss can not lower than the upper surface of base 1 connecting plate 12, otherwise spring 8 can contact connecting plate 12, engine luggine when vibrating excessive, can be caused to pass to vehicle frame by upper cover plate 5-spring 8-connecting plate 12-base 1.
During large amplitude, elastomer block and the internal cavities thereof of vibration isolator are compressed distortion, make rigidity, damping change greatly, when amplitude is excessive cause spring 8 to work after, rigidity and the damping of vibration isolator can be strengthened further, because engine output torque changes the violent oscillatory motion caused in vehicle starting, braking, gearshift and acceleration and the moderating process of more effectively decaying, be more conducive to preventing from impacting, suppress the displacement amplitude of power assembly.
Above-mentioned vibration isolator mainly plays upper and lower vibration isolation effect and namely to decay the vibration passing of vertical direction, but in actual motion, motor or other devices, except the vibration on vertical direction, also exist other directions such as torsional moment as the vibration in substantially horizontal.
In order to expand the Applicable scope of vibration isolator, can do above-mentioned vibration isolator and further improving.
In the third embodiment, the upper end of the upper elastomer block 4 of described vibration isolator and the lower end of lower elastomer block 2 are respectively arranged with taper concave station structure, correspondingly, described cover plate 5 is provided with the boss structure matched with end toper concave station in upper elastomer block 4, the bottom of described coupling shaft 7 is provided with the boss structure matched with lower elastomer block 2 times end toper concave station structures.
After so arranging, this vibration isolator not only can play the effect of upper and lower vibration isolation decay vertical direction vibration passing, and other directions such as there is torsional moment of can also decaying are as the vibration passing in substantially horizontal.
Further, the oblong cavity of upper elastomer block 4 and lower elastomer block 2 inside can be obliquely installed, namely the major axis of oblong cavity or minor axis and substantially horizontal at an angle, to change the rigidity of elastomer block at different direction, specifically arrange and can regulate as required.
Compared with prior art, vibration isolator provided by the invention arranges cavity structure and arranges large rigidity spring in elastomer block, in actual motion, vibration isolator can regulate rigidity and the damping of vibration isolator automatically according to the difference of decrement, adapts to the different operating modes of automobilism.In addition, the structure of this vibration isolator is simple, easy accessibility, and each component have enough intensity and reliability; Each component can generalization, standardization and seriation.
In addition, the Static stiffness of this vibration isolator is comparatively large, can play position-limiting action effectively, and can ensure that vibration isolator amplitude load change is mild to power assembly; This vibration isolator presses down upper elastomer block by the fastening cover plate of pre-load nut and coupling shaft pull-up compresses lower elastomer block, can play the effect of vibration isolation simultaneously up and down.
Above vibration isolator provided by the present invention is described in detail.Apply specific case herein to set forth principle of the present invention and mode of execution, the explanation of above embodiment just understands method of the present invention and core concept thereof for helping.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also carry out some improvement and modification to the present invention, these improve and modify and also fall in the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a vibration isolator, for automobile, is characterized in that, comprises base, coupling shaft, pre-load nut, the upper elastomer block being positioned at cavity on described base, the lower elastomer block being positioned at cavity under described base and the cover plate be positioned at above described upper elastomer block; Described coupling shaft is connected with described pre-load nut through the through hole of described lower elastomer block, the connecting plate of described base, described upper elastomer block and described cover plate successively; The lower end of described coupling shaft is provided with the first boss coordinated with cavity under described base, and the annular table terrace of described first boss contacts and supports described lower elastomer block; The inside of described upper elastomer block and described lower elastomer block is provided with cavity;
The through hole upper end of described upper elastomer block and the through hole lower end of described lower elastomer block have taper concave station structure respectively, described cover plate is provided with the boss matched with end toper concave station on described upper elastomer block through hole, the bottom of described coupling shaft has the boss matched with end toper concave station under described lower elastomer block through hole.
2. vibration isolator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described vibration isolation is paid somebody's debt and expected repayment later and is comprised spring, is provided with the second boss below described coupling shaft, and the annular table terrace of described second boss contacts and supports described spring; The annular table terrace of described second boss is not less than the plane at the bottom surface place of described upper elastomer block.
3. vibration isolator as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the cavity of described upper elastomer block and described lower elastomer block inside is oval and is horizontally disposed with.
4. vibration isolator as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, be provided with seal ring between described cover plate and described base.
5. vibration isolator as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described seal ring is wool felt seal ring.
6. vibration isolator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described upper elastomer block and described lower elastomer block are block rubber.
CN201210044288.3A 2012-02-24 2012-02-24 Vibration isolation pad Active CN102588506B (en)

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CN103115102B (en) * 2013-01-31 2015-01-07 中国石油大学(华东) Vibration isolation device of fracturing truck heavy duty truck platform device
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