CN102587452B - 坎儿井大气形态转化采水装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种坎儿井大气形态转化采水装置。尤其是一种利用坎儿井水或低温地层水自然冷源，模仿和强化大气水转化为土壤水条件，提供饮用水或灌溉水的坎儿井大气形态转化采水装置。由热传导漏盘和热传导漏管及大气滤清和预热气室构成。热传导漏管将坎儿井水或低温地层水的低温传导给热传导漏盘并将凝结水导入坎儿井里。热传导漏盘内表面冷凝采集大气水，热传导漏盘外表面的保温密封层以防坎儿井冷源从竖井口和热传导漏盘外表面间及热传导漏盘外表面逸出。大气滤清和预热气室防沙尘清洁大气，吸收太阳能提高气室内大气温度和绝对含水量与提高露点温度和加速热传导对流采水。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种坎儿井大气形态转化采水装置。尤其是一种利用坎儿井水或低温地层水自然冷源，模仿和强化大气水转化为土壤水条件，提供饮用水或灌溉水的坎儿井大气形态转化采水装置。
背景技术
目前，公知：新疆的坎儿井与万里长城、京杭大运河并称为中国古代三大工程。是新疆绿洲农业发展的生命之源。随着打井对地下水的大规模开采以及大量水库建设对地表水的拦蓄，坎儿井数量急剧减少衰落。如果不采取适当的的保护措施，吐鲁番地区有水坎儿井在20年内将全部干涸。目前对坎儿井的综合利用仅限于作为空调冷源。令人欣慰的是：根据美国《大众科学》网站报道，英国著名工业设计大奖詹姆斯·迪森奖近日公布了获奖名单：澳洲斯温伯尔尼工业大学的学生设计了一种低成本、易操作的植物灌溉机。该机器通过向地下管网中输入空气，使空气中的水分在低温下凝结，从而确保在干旱气候中为植物提供必需的水分。这款“空气抽水灌溉机”获得了2011年“詹姆斯·戴森奖”(英国著名工业设计奖)。网易探索讯：一种绿色技术类最佳科技成果：一种免灌溉的植物培育箱。将新发芽的树苗放置在免灌溉的植物培育箱内，然后在防蒸发盆内倒入15升水——你只需要做这么一件事，然后就可以放手不管了。在夜晚，免灌溉的植物培育箱的顶部比空气冷却得更快，空气中的水蒸气会在这里凝结并流入盆内，补充损失的水分。但都有要借助其它能量向地下管网中输入空气，空气没有预热，只能在地下凝结用于灌溉，只利用自然冷源进行降温的不足。
发明内容
本发明需要解决的技术问题是：
克服目前对坎儿井的综合利用仅限于作为空调冷源和水源被拦蓄减少即将干涸的不足。提供一种利用坎儿井水或低温地层水自然冷源，模仿和强化大气水转化为土壤水条件，提供饮用水或灌溉水的坎儿井大气形态转化采水装置。
本发明解决技术问题所采用的技术方案是：
坎儿井大气形态转化采水装置，由热传导漏盘和热传导漏管及大气滤清和预热气室构成。坎儿井竖井口上有热传导漏盘，热传导漏盘外表面有保温密封层，热传导漏盘里附加有凝结采水材料架层，热传导漏盘侧面靠盘底附加有出水阀，热传导漏盘底板连结有热传导漏管，热传导漏管与热传导漏管互相连结伸入坎儿井水或低温地层水里，热传导漏管末端附加连结有热传导容器，大气滤清和预热气室有薄膜材料包围热传导漏盘口和凝结采水材料架层，大气滤清和预热气室有进气口，进气口有大气滤网。用热传导性能良好的薄板材料制作直径大于坎儿井竖井口直径位于竖井口上的圆柱形热传导漏盘，坎儿井竖井口上有热传导漏盘。圆柱形热传导漏盘外表面及底部与竖井口接触的外表面包有柔软的保温密封层(如：棉被、保温泡沫)以防坎儿井冷源从竖井口和热传导漏盘外表面间和热传导漏盘外表面逸出。圆柱形热传导漏盘里附加有毛细亲水滤清吸附凝结采水材料架层。架层间隔层通风良好。用铜丝网或尼龙网或透气抗腐蚀材料网包围毛细亲水滤清吸附凝结采水材料架层使其固定成型不漏出并保持架层四周通风透气。圆柱形热传导漏盘侧面靠盘底附加有外表面包有保温材料以防冷源逸出的出水阀。热传导漏盘底板连结有热传导漏管就是个“大漏斗”。热传导漏管口高于热传导漏盘底就可以在热传导漏盘里储水并从出水阀放水。热传导漏管末端可以与其他热传导漏管用横销或其它方式互相连结伸入坎儿井水或低温地层水里。伸入坎儿井水或低温地层水里的热传导漏管末端用横销或其它方式附加连结有沉于坎儿井水里与热传导漏管外表面紧密固定，水可经热传导漏管口进入和溢出的圆球形热传导容器。沉于坎儿井水里有最大冷却面积及热传导好的圆球形热传导容器将坎儿井水里的低温经各个热传导好的热传导漏管传导给热传导漏盘和毛细亲水滤清吸附凝结采水材料架层。有保温透明黑色薄膜材料包围热传导漏盘口和毛细亲水滤清吸附凝结采水材料架层构成大气滤清和预热气室。大气滤清和预热气室有进气口与大气连通。进气口有大气滤网。滤网防沙尘滤清大气。保温透明黑色薄膜材料吸收太阳能提高大气滤清和预热气室内大气温度和绝对含水量与提高露点温度和加速热传导对流。模仿和强化了大气水转化为土壤水的条件和过程。大气滤清和预热气室里提高温度 和绝对含水量与提高露点温度利加速热传导对流的大气水就会不断在热传导漏盘内表面和毛细亲水滤清吸附凝结采水材料上凝结。凝结水落到圆柱形热传导漏盘底就在热传导漏盘里储水。至高于热传导漏管口时就溢过热传导漏管口进入沉于坎儿井水里的圆球形热传导容器里，水位不断升高就从圆球形热传导容器固定的热传导漏管口溢到坎儿井水里。打开圆柱形热传导漏盘侧面靠盘底的出水阀就可流出纯净饮用水。也可将“大漏斗”提高从圆球形热传导容器里倒出纯净饮用水。
本发明的有益效果：
1、充分利用世界各地的坎儿井水和低温地层水的自然冷源，模仿和强化了自然界“四水”形态转化条件，引领了大气水转化为土壤水新的发展方向。
2、不依赖水源，随时从大气中采集无污染的优质纯净水、放心水。无害。同时提供饮用水和灌溉水，结构简单合理，成本低廉。
3、为扬我古文明，保护中国古代三大工程，绿洲农业发展的生命之源。和伊朗申遗竞争，起一定作用。
附图说明
图1为坎儿井大气形态转化采水装置的结构示意图
图中：1.热传导漏盘2.热传导漏管3.出水阀4.热传导容器5.凝结采水材料架层6.架层间隔层7.铜丝网或尼龙网或透气抗腐蚀材料网8.大气滤清和预热气室9.大气滤网10.保温密封层
具体实施方式
1、下面结合附图1对实施本实用新型做进一步的描述：将坎儿井大气形态转化采水装置直径大于坎儿井竖井直径的“大漏斗”的圆柱形热传导漏盘1置于坎儿井竖井口，热传导漏管2末端和其他热传导漏管2用横销或其它方式互相连结加长直至将圆球形热传导容器4沉于坎儿井水里。圆柱形热传导漏盘1外表面及底部与竖井口接触的外表面有柔软的保温密封层10(如：棉被、保温泡沫)以防坎儿井冷源从竖井口和圆柱形热传导漏盘1外表面间及圆柱形热传导漏盘1的外表面逸出。沉于坎儿井水里的圆球形热传导容器4将坎儿井里的低温经各个热传导漏管2传导给圆柱形热传导漏盘1和凝结采水材料架层5。大气滤清和预热气室8和大气滤网9滤清大气，保温透明黑色薄膜材料吸收太阳能提高大气温度和绝对含水量与提高露点温度、加速热传导对流。模仿和强化了大气水转化为土壤水的条件和过程。大气水就会不断在圆柱形热传导漏盘1内表面和凝结采水材料架层5凝结。凝结水落到圆柱形热传导漏盘1盘底就在热传导漏盘1里储水。至高于热传导漏管2口时就溢过热传导漏管2口进入沉于坎儿井水里的圆球形热传导容器4里，水位不断升高就从圆球形热传导容器4固定的热传导漏管2口溢到坎儿井水里。打开圆柱形热传导漏盘1侧面靠盘底的出水阀3就可流出纯净饮用水。也可将“大漏斗”提高从圆球形热传导容器4里倒出纯净饮用水。
2、在有低温地层水处打竖井，用混凝土预制管巩固竖井。就可像利用坎儿井一样利用自然冷源采水。
Claims (1)
1.坎儿井大气形态转化采水装置，由热传导漏盘和热传导漏管及大气滤清 和预热气室构成，其特征是：所述坎儿井竖井口上有热传导漏盘，热传导漏盘外表面有保温密封层，热传导漏盘里附加有凝结采水材料架层，热传导漏盘侧面靠盘底附加有出水阀，热传导漏盘底 板连结有热传导漏管，热传导漏管与热传导漏管互相连结伸入坎儿井水或低温地层水里，热传导漏管末端附加连结有热传导容器，大气滤清和预热气室有薄膜材料包围热传导漏盘口和凝结采水材料架层，大气滤清和预热气室有进气口，进气口有大气滤网。
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| US4351651A (en) * | 1980-12-12 | 1982-09-28 | Courneya Calice G | Apparatus for extracting potable water |
| CN1420316A (zh) * | 2001-11-19 | 2003-05-28 | 乐金电子(天津)电器有限公司 | 换气装置 |
| CN2602061Y (zh) * | 2003-03-04 | 2004-02-04 | 季静秋 | 从空气中获取淡水的装置 |
| CN202145037U (zh) * | 2011-07-18 | 2012-02-15 | 李玉营 | 空气加湿和吸收空气水份制饮用水的一体机 |
| CN202689087U (zh) * | 2012-02-28 | 2013-01-23 | 朱剑文 | 坎儿井大气形态转化采水装置 |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4351651A (en) * | 1980-12-12 | 1982-09-28 | Courneya Calice G | Apparatus for extracting potable water |
| CN1420316A (zh) * | 2001-11-19 | 2003-05-28 | 乐金电子(天津)电器有限公司 | 换气装置 |
| CN2602061Y (zh) * | 2003-03-04 | 2004-02-04 | 季静秋 | 从空气中获取淡水的装置 |
| CN202145037U (zh) * | 2011-07-18 | 2012-02-15 | 李玉营 | 空气加湿和吸收空气水份制饮用水的一体机 |
| CN202689087U (zh) * | 2012-02-28 | 2013-01-23 | 朱剑文 | 坎儿井大气形态转化采水装置 |
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