CN102586559A - Manufacture technology of high-toughness microalloyed non-quenched and tempered steel forging - Google Patents
Manufacture technology of high-toughness microalloyed non-quenched and tempered steel forging Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invenmtion relates to a manufacture technology of a forging, in particular to a manufacture technology of a high-toughness microalloyed non-quenched and tempered steel forging, which comprises the following working procedures of: blanking-induction heating-dummying-finish forging-trimming-first controlled cooling-preserving temperature in furnace-second controlled cooling-shot blasting-magnetically inspecting-machining; the working procedure of the first controlled cooling comprises the following steps of: trimming workpieces, arranging the workpieces on a transmission band which moves at a certain speed in a dispersing way, and under the cooling condition of compulsory aerating or water mist spraying, and cooling the workpieces to some temperature within 520 DEG C-650 DEG C at the cooling speed of 2.0 DEG C/s-50.0 DEG C/s to preserve temperature in furnace; and the working procedures of the preserving temperature in furnace and the second controlled cooling comprise the following steps of preserving the temperature of the workpieces at the some temperature in furnace for 15-60min, and slowly cooling the temperature to room temperature at the cooling speed which is less than 5 DEG C/min. According to the manufacture technology, the precipitation of an eutectoid ferrite at an original austenitic crystal boundary in the form of net and the appearance of the bainite tissue can be eliminated or avoided, more intra-granular ferrite can be obtained, and the toughness and the plasticity of parts can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ME of forging, a kind of specifically ME of H.T. microalloying non-hardened and tempered steel forging.
Background technology
The microalloying non-hardened and tempered steel contains the vanadium micro-alloyed steel with middle carbon and studies early, uses wider; Owing to can separate out the alloy carboritride of a large amount of fine disperses distributions rolling, forges this type steel in the process of cooling; And the generation precipitation strength, and obtain to be equivalent to the comprehensive mechanical property of quenched and tempered steel after modifier treatment, saved the modifier treatment operation; Save the energy and cost, be widely used in industries such as oil, automobile, machinery.This type non-hardened and tempered steel obtains ferritic+pearlitic structure through forging also behind the controlled chilling; Strength level can reach 800～1000MPa; Impelling strength is 20～50J/cm2, is that wherein most typical middle carbon contains the vanadium micro-alloyed steel like 38SiMnVS, generally is used for making parts such as engine link both at home and abroad.But forge in the process of back controlled chilling at it; What adopt basically is the continuous type of cooling,, air cooling air-cooled and slow cooling etc. as carrying out stage by stage, in this process since proeutectoid ferrite separate out with web form at original austenite crystal prevention; Make its toughness relatively poor; Use range is very limited, and cooling also some abnormal structure can not occur at that time continuously, and the component performance is further worsened.
Retrieve through the applicant; Application number is: 200310111656.2; Patent name for the controlled cooling method of the Chinese patent proposition of " microalloyed medium carbon steel engine crankshaft forges the postcooling method " is: at first in the natural air cooling district, be quickly cooled to about 600 ℃; Get into insulation slow cooling district and realize the insulation slow cooling, from device, take out during to 450 ℃-500 ℃.The shortcoming that the method for cooling that this patent is asked exists is: in the natural air cooling district, be quickly cooled in the process about 600 ℃; Because of speed of cooling is not explicitly called for; When speed of cooling is not enough; Can in the CCT of steel curve, separating out in the scope of proeutectoid ferrite separate out netted proeutectoid ferrite, make the toughness of material variation thus along original austenite crystal prevention.
Application number is: 200910116289.2, and patent name for the controlled cooling method that the Chinese patent of " a kind of middle carbon microalloy pearlitic steel and control thereof are forged---control cold process method " proposes is: forging the back, to control cold temperature when going into stove be 640 ℃; Temperature when forging cold the coming out of the stove of back control is 520 ℃.The shortcoming that the method for cooling of this patent exists is: forge that the back control is cold goes into stove and lack (less than 13 min) to the time of coming out of the stove; And in the process of cooling in this process and subsequently all be continuous cooling (greater than 9 ℃/min); For some supercooled austenite stability preferably non-hardened and tempered steel bainite structure can appear, make the toughness of material variation thus.
Application number is: 200910116288.8, and patent name for the controlled cooling method that the Chinese patent of " medium high carbon middle carbon microalloy pearlitic steel and control thereof are forged---control cold process method " proposes is: forging the back, to control cold temperature when going into stove be 884 ℃; Temperature when forging cold the coming out of the stove of back control is 552 ℃.The shortcoming that the method for cooling of this application exists is: forging is when 884 ℃ to 552 ℃ stove internal cooling; Speed of cooling relatively slow (less than 1.4 ℃/s); Separating out in the scope of proeutectoid ferrite separated out netted proeutectoid ferrite along original austenite crystal prevention in the CCT of steel curve easily, makes the toughness of material variation thus.In addition; This controlled cooling method is controlled after forging and is coldly gone into stove and lack (less than 13 min) to the time of coming out of the stove; And in the process of cooling in this process and subsequently all be continuous cooling (greater than 9 ℃/min); For some supercooled austenite stability preferably non-hardened and tempered steel bainite structure can appear, also make the toughness of material variation.
Therefore; Need study optimization to the forging and the technology for controlled cooling of non-hardened and tempered steel forging; Eliminate or avoid proeutectoid ferrite in the appearance with bainite structure of separating out of original austenite crystal prevention with web form; And obtain more intracrystalline ferritic, obtain further improving the impelling strength of component under the higher intensity levels in assurance.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: to the shortcoming of above prior art existence; A kind of ME of H.T. microalloying non-hardened and tempered steel forging is proposed; Can eliminate or avoid proeutectoid ferrite in separate out the appearance with bainite structure of original austenite crystal prevention with web form; And obtain more intracrystalline ferritic, improve the toughness plasticity of component.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves above technical problem is:
A kind of ME of H.T. microalloying non-hardened and tempered steel forging,
The operation that comprises has: blanking → induction heating → blocking → finish-forging → side cut → first controlled chilling → go into stove to be incubated → the second controlled chilling → shot-peening → magnetictest → machining;
In the first controlled chilling operation; Workpiece intersperses among on the transport tape that moves with certain speed dividing immediately after the side cut; Forcing blowing or spraying under the cooling conditions of water smoke, be chilled to a certain temperature between 520 ℃～650 ℃ with the speed of cooling of 2.0 ℃/s～50.0 ℃/s (promptly near or greater than the critical cooling velocity in CCT (or TTT) curve of steel) and go into stove and be incubated; In going into the stove insulation operation and the second controlled chilling operation, workpiece is lowered to the stove insulation at said temperature and slowly cools to room temperature with the speed of cooling less than 5 ℃/min after 15～60 minutes.
It is can suppress proeutectoid ferrite original austenite crystal prevention separating out with web form that the application adopts the main effect of the speed of cooling (promptly near or greater than the critical cooling velocity in CCT (or TTT) curve of steel) of 2.0 ℃/s～50.0 ℃/s; Make the deformation energy that stores in the forging deformation process preserve simultaneously; And improved the phase transformation condensate depression; Help subsequently going into tiny intracrystalline ferritic of acquisition in the stove isothermal transformation and tiny pearlitic structure, to improve final toughness and the proof strength of product at 520 ℃～650 ℃.
The application's pressure blowing or spray water fog cooling mainly be obtain near or greater than the speed of cooling of 2.0 ℃/s～50.0 ℃/s.
520 ℃～650 ℃ zones that are supercooled austenite to ferritic and pearlite transformation; The temperature of between this, going into the stove insulation is low more; Tiny intracrystalline ferritic of easy more acquisition and tiny pearlitic structure in the isothermal transformation are favourable more to improving product final toughness and proof strength.
Workpiece is lowered to the stove insulation at said temperature and slowly cools to room temperature with the speed of cooling less than 5 ℃/min after 15～60 minutes; Mainly be to guarantee that supercooled austenite is abundant to ferritic and pearlite transformation in the isothermal transformation, with stable prod final tissue and performance.Organize shown in the sample like B in the following table in the performance that is obtained under the above-mentioned processing condition to certain typical non-hardened and tempered steel forging; A group and C group then are the performances that (natural air cooling, air-cooled) obtained under continuous cooling conditions; Intensity, the hardness that can find out the B group are suitable basically with the C group with the A group, but shock absorption can improve more than the twice.
Annotate: the A group is the MV of 6 randomly sampled datas in the table, and B group and C group are the MV of 12 randomly sampled datas.
The technical scheme that the present invention further limits is:
The ME of aforesaid H.T. microalloying non-hardened and tempered steel forging, transport tape moves with 0.5～2 meter/minute speed.
The ME of aforesaid H.T. microalloying non-hardened and tempered steel forging, in the induction heating operation, the workpiece Heating temperature is 1120 ℃～1250 ℃.The Heating temperature of non-hardened and tempered steel forging all about 1200 ℃, reduces forging temperature and can make the austenite crystal high temperature under tiny usually, and favourable acquisition changes afterwards tiny ferritic and pearlitic structure; Improve toughness; But the solubleness in austenite such as micro alloying element V, Ti descends, and the precipitation strength effect that changes the back tissue is descended, and intensity reduces; Therefore the Heating temperature of forging will be fitted control and worked as, and is controlled at 1120 ℃～1250 ℃.
The ME of aforesaid H.T. microalloying non-hardened and tempered steel forging, in the finish-forging operation, the workpiece final forging temperature is controlled to be 980 ℃～1050 ℃.The final forging temperature of non-hardened and tempered steel forging mainly influences the size of recrystal grain behind the austenite deformation, and influence changes back ferritic form and quantity thus, and final forging temperature reduces can make recrystal grain refinement behind the austenite deformation; The proeutectoid ferrite nucleation rate increases; Promote the ferritic formation of intracrystalline in the transition process, and increase ferrite content, help the raising of toughness plasticity; But final forging temperature is low excessively; The deformation drag of forging increases, and be unfavorable for forging die to the shaping of forging and the life-span of forging die, so the workpiece final forging temperature is controlled to be 980 ℃～1050 ℃.
The ME of aforesaid H.T. microalloying non-hardened and tempered steel forging is characterized in that: in described side cut operation, the temperature after workpiece is cut edge is 850 ℃～1000 ℃.This operation mainly is with cutting die forging to be cut edge to be shaped; Usually final forging temperature is low should the side cut temperature also low; But must guarantee to cut edge in the austenitic area at forging; Otherwise can cool off slowlyer because of in time not putting into transport tape, cause that proeutectoid ferrite separates out with web form at original austenite crystal prevention, thereby reduction toughness.
The present invention is for through forging the back through further controlled chilling speed and the type of cooling and the HS of modifier treatment of no longer carrying out subsequently, the manufacturing of H.T. microalloying non-hardened and tempered steel forging.The microalloying non-hardened and tempered steel forging that adopts above-mentioned technology to make; Eliminate or avoided proeutectoid ferrite in the appearance with bainite structure of separating out of original austenite crystal prevention with web form; Under suitable temperature, adopted the mode of going into the stove insulation to make tissue that sufficient isothermal transformation take place; Obtain more intracrystalline ferritic, improve the toughness plasticity of component, with respect to technologies such as Direct Air-Cooled after traditional forging; Guaranteeing that (on 950～1000MPa) the basis, the impelling strength of component can improve more than two times original strength level.(temperature error of above-mentioned workpiece is in ± 10 ℃)
The key distinction of the present invention and documents 1,2 and 3 is: forging is at finish-forging and after cutting edge; Adopt the speed of cooling (promptly approaching or greater than the critical cooling velocity in CCT (or TTT) curve of steel) of 2.0 ℃/s～50.0 ℃/s to suppress proeutectoid ferrite original austenite crystal prevention separating out with web form; Make the deformation energy that stores in the forging deformation process preserve simultaneously; And improved the phase transformation condensate depression; Go into tiny intracrystalline ferritic of acquisition in the stove isothermal transformation and tiny pearlitic structure subsequently 520 ℃～650 ℃, and in isothermal transformation, make supercooled austenite abundant, avoided not at that time some abnormal structure of appearance of continuous cooling to ferritic and pearlite transformation; Improve the final toughness of product and guaranteed intensity, improved the tissue and the performance of product.Documents 1 application number is: 200310111656.2, and patent name is " microalloyed medium carbon steel engine crankshaft forges the postcooling method "; Documents 2 application numbers are: 200910116289.2, and patent name is " a kind of middle carbon microalloy pearlitic steel and control thereof are forged---control cold process method "; Documents 3 application numbers are: 200910116288.8, and patent name is " medium high carbon middle carbon microalloy pearlitic steel and control thereof are forged---control cold process method ".
Embodiment
Embodiment one
A kind of ME of H.T. microalloying non-hardened and tempered steel forging, the operation that comprises has: blanking → induction heating → blocking → finish-forging → side cut → first controlled chilling → go into stove to be incubated → the second controlled chilling → shot-peening → magnetictest → machining;
In the induction heating operation, the workpiece Heating temperature is 1120 ℃; In the finish-forging operation, the workpiece final forging temperature is controlled to be 980 ℃; In the side cut operation, the temperature after workpiece is cut edge is 850 ℃;
In the first controlled chilling operation; Workpiece intersperses among on the transport tape that moves with 0.5 meter/minute speed dividing immediately after the side cut; Under the cooling conditions of forcing blowing, with near or greater than (2.0 ℃/s) be chilled to 520 ℃ and go into the stove insulation of the critical cooling velocitys in CCT (or TTT) curve of steel; In going into the stove insulation operation and the second controlled chilling operation, workpiece is lowered to the stove insulation at said temperature and slowly cools to room temperature with the speed of cooling less than 0.5 ℃/min after 15 minutes.
The microalloying non-hardened and tempered steel forging that adopts above-mentioned technology to make; Eliminate or avoided proeutectoid ferrite in the appearance with bainite structure of separating out of original austenite crystal prevention with web form; Under suitable temperature, adopted the mode of going into the stove insulation to make tissue that sufficient isothermal transformation take place; Obtain more intracrystalline ferritic, improve the toughness plasticity of component, with respect to technologies such as Direct Air-Cooled after traditional forging; Guaranteeing that (on 950～1000MPa) the basis, the impelling strength of component can improve more than two times original strength level.(temperature error of above-mentioned workpiece is in ± 10 ℃).
Embodiment two
A kind of ME of H.T. microalloying non-hardened and tempered steel forging, the operation that comprises has: blanking → induction heating → blocking → finish-forging → side cut → first controlled chilling → go into stove to be incubated → the second controlled chilling → shot-peening → magnetictest → machining;
In the induction heating operation, the workpiece Heating temperature is 1130 ℃; In the finish-forging operation, the workpiece final forging temperature is controlled to be 1000 ℃; In the side cut operation, the temperature after workpiece is cut edge is 930 ℃;
In the first controlled chilling operation; Workpiece intersperses among on the transport tape that moves with 2 meters/minute speed dividing immediately after the side cut; Spraying under the cooling conditions of water smoke, with near or greater than (15.0 ℃/s) be chilled to 600 ℃ and go into the stove insulation of the critical cooling velocitys in CCT (or TTT) curve of steel; In going into the stove insulation operation and the second controlled chilling operation, workpiece speed of cooling with 1 ℃/min after said temperature is lowered to stove to be incubated 25 minutes slowly cools to room temperature.
The microalloying non-hardened and tempered steel forging that adopts above-mentioned technology to make; Eliminate or avoided proeutectoid ferrite in the appearance with bainite structure of separating out of original austenite crystal prevention with web form; Under suitable temperature, adopted the mode of going into the stove insulation to make tissue that sufficient isothermal transformation take place; Obtain more intracrystalline ferritic, improve the toughness plasticity of component, with respect to technologies such as Direct Air-Cooled after traditional forging; Guaranteeing that (on 950～1000MPa) the basis, the impelling strength of component can improve more than two times original strength level.(temperature error of above-mentioned workpiece is in ± 10 ℃).
Embodiment three
A kind of ME of H.T. microalloying non-hardened and tempered steel forging, the operation that comprises has: blanking → induction heating → blocking → finish-forging → side cut → first controlled chilling → go into stove to be incubated → the second controlled chilling → shot-peening → magnetictest → machining;
In the induction heating operation, the workpiece Heating temperature is 1250 ℃; In the finish-forging operation, the workpiece final forging temperature is controlled to be 1050 ℃; In the side cut operation, the temperature after workpiece is cut edge is 1000 ℃;
In the first controlled chilling operation; Workpiece intersperses among on the transport tape that moves with 2 meters/minute speed dividing immediately after the side cut; Under the cooling conditions of forcing blowing, with near or greater than (16.0 ℃/s) be chilled to 650 ℃ and go into the stove insulation of the critical cooling velocitys in CCT (or TTT) curve of steel; In going into the stove insulation operation and the second controlled chilling operation, workpiece speed of cooling with 3 ℃/min after said temperature is lowered to stove to be incubated 40 minutes slowly cools to room temperature.
The microalloying non-hardened and tempered steel forging that adopts above-mentioned technology to make; Eliminate or avoided proeutectoid ferrite in the appearance with bainite structure of separating out of original austenite crystal prevention with web form; Under suitable temperature, adopted the mode of going into the stove insulation to make tissue that sufficient isothermal transformation take place; Obtain more intracrystalline ferritic, improve the toughness plasticity of component, with respect to technologies such as Direct Air-Cooled after traditional forging; Guaranteeing that (on 950～1000MPa) the basis, the impelling strength of component can improve more than two times original strength level.(temperature error of above-mentioned workpiece is in ± 10 ℃).
The present invention can also have other embodiment, and the technical scheme that equal replacement of all employings or equivalent transformation form all drops within the scope of requirement protection of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the ME of a H.T. microalloying non-hardened and tempered steel forging is characterized in that:
The operation that comprises has: blanking → induction heating → blocking → finish-forging → side cut → first controlled chilling → go into stove to be incubated → the second controlled chilling → shot-peening → magnetictest → machining;
In the said first controlled chilling operation; Workpiece intersperses among on the transport tape that moves with certain speed dividing immediately after the side cut; Forcing blowing or spraying under the cooling conditions of water smoke, going into the stove insulation with a certain temperature that 2.0 ℃/s～50.0 ℃/speed of cooling of s is chilled between 520 ℃～650 ℃; Go in the stove insulation operation and the second controlled chilling operation described, workpiece is lowered to the stove insulation at said temperature and slowly cools to room temperature with the speed of cooling less than 5 ℃/min after 15～60 minutes.
2. the ME of H.T. microalloying non-hardened and tempered steel forging as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: transport tape moves with 0.5～2 meter/minute speed.
3. the ME of H.T. microalloying non-hardened and tempered steel forging as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: in described induction heating operation, the workpiece Heating temperature is 1120 ℃～1250 ℃.
4. the ME of H.T. microalloying non-hardened and tempered steel forging as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: in described finish-forging operation, the workpiece final forging temperature is controlled to be 980 ℃～1050 ℃.
5. the ME of H.T. microalloying non-hardened and tempered steel forging as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: in described side cut operation, the temperature after workpiece is cut edge is 850 ℃～1000 ℃.
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| CN104178613A (en) * | 2014-08-07 | 2014-12-03 | 山东金马工业集团股份有限公司 | Controllable cooling method for high-pressure common rail |
| CN106555114A (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2017-04-05 | 北京科技大学 | The bayesian body controlling means of ferrite+pearlite type non-hardened and tempered steel crankshaft forging |
| CN110284059A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-09-27 | 浙江众泰汽车制造有限公司 | A kind of automobile front suspension lower control arm ontology and preparation method thereof |
| CN111408681A (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-07-14 | 南宫市精强连杆有限公司 | Method for tempering non-quenched and tempered steel connecting rod of engine by using waste heat after forging |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111408681A (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-07-14 | 南宫市精强连杆有限公司 | Method for tempering non-quenched and tempered steel connecting rod of engine by using waste heat after forging |
| CN111408681B (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2022-04-12 | 南宫市精强连杆有限公司 | Method for tempering non-quenched and tempered steel connecting rod of engine by using waste heat after forging |
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Application publication date: 20120718 |