CN102583417A - Method for preparing water glass by using gangue - Google Patents
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- CN102583417A CN102583417A CN2012100810584A CN201210081058A CN102583417A CN 102583417 A CN102583417 A CN 102583417A CN 2012100810584 A CN2012100810584 A CN 2012100810584A CN 201210081058 A CN201210081058 A CN 201210081058A CN 102583417 A CN102583417 A CN 102583417A
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- gangue
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing water glass by using gangue. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) grinding the gangue in a mortar, and screening; (2) putting the screened powdery gangue ash into a crucible, and roasting and activating the gangue; (3) mixing the roasted powdery gangue and 20 mass percent hydrochloric acid solution in a solid-liquid ratio (g/mL) of 1:6, reacting at 95DEG C for 1.5 hours, separating residue from a liquid, and cleaning and drying filter residue; and (4) grinding the cleaned and dried filter residue into uniform powder, mixing the uniform powder and 1.8mol/L sodium hydroxide solution in a solid-liquid ratio (g/mL) of 1:10, reacting in a 70DEG C constant temperature heating magnetic stirrer for 2.5 hours, and performing residue-liquid separation by using a suction filter to obtain filtrate, namely the liquid water glass. The invention has the advantage of providing a process for preparing the water glass by using mine waste of gangue; and raw material cost is low, the process is simple and the aim of recycling the waste is fulfilled.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of method of utilizing preparing soluble glass from coal gangue.
Background technology
Coal is one of mankind's main energy sources of depending on for existence, and China is world's first coal power, also is consumption of coal big country simultaneously.Give off a large amount of solid waste in the production and consumption process of coal, coal gangue and flyash have constituted the main body of coal solid waste.Coal gangue is the solid waste that discharges in coal mining process and the coal washing process, be a kind of lower with a kind of carbon content of coal seam association in the coal-forming process, than the hard grey black look rock of coal.Comprise the spoil of choosing spoil and the coal washing process of extraction in top board, base plate and interlayer in digging gangue in the tunnelling process, the mining process of washing.Its staple is Al
2O
3, SiO
2, also contain the Fe that quantity does not wait in addition
2O
3, CaO, MgO, Na
2O, K
2O, P
2O
5, SO
3With micro-rare elements.
The output of coal gangue accounts for 10% of coal production.About 3.5 hundred million tons of China's annual approximately discharging spoils.Coal gangue is that quantity discharged is maximum in the various industrial residues, takes up an area of at most the solid waste that contaminate environment is comparatively serious.
The general air storage of coal gangue, through Exposure to Sunlight, drench with rain, weathering, decomposition, produce a large amount of sour water or carry the ionized water of heavy metal, ooze the infringement groundwater quality down, outflow causes the pollution of surface water.In addition, nearly 1/3 coal gangue hill is because the existence generation spontaneous combustion of sulfurous iron ore and carbonaceousmaterial produces harmful poisonous SO2; CO2, gas and deleterious smog such as NH3, serious environment pollution; Additional resident's chronic tracheitis and asthma patient are increased, and number is fallen leaves on every side, the crops underproduction.Coal gangue receives rain drop erosion, often makes additional river channel aggradation, and river is polluted.
At present, both at home and abroad the comprehensive utilizating research of coal gangue is mainly concentrated on and be used as fuel, coal gangue to coal gangue and handle the back as material of construction with utilize coal gangue to make Chemicals three broad aspect.Wherein aspect utilizing bastard coal masonry material of construction because of its material cost is low, draw materials extensively and good economic benefits arranged, so research is ripe, technique means is also relatively more comprehensive.Mainly be to utilize the soda acid technology of soaking that the aluminium sesquioxide in the middle of the coal gangue and silicon-dioxide are extracted, handle afterwards utilizing coal gangue to make aspect the industrial chemicals as the industrial chemicals utilization.
Abroad the comprehensive utilizating research of coal gangue is relatively paid attention to, the coal gangue utilization ratio is generally 20%~30%, and Gao Zheke reaches 60%~80%.Since the seventies in 20th century, all waste dumps are carried out sampling analysis like USBM, and make coal gangue comprehensive utilization planning.The special meeting of classification, character and comprehensive utilization that Technology Committee of Ministry of Coal Industry of the FSU held coal in 1987; And relevant technologies, technology and the equipment of coal gangue classification, character and comprehensive utilization have been studied; Except being used for generating, producing the building materials such as brick, porous light skeletal, also produce humatite fertilizer with the higher coal gangue of carbon containing.Some other country, like Britain, France, Hungary etc., also utilization is studied to coal gangue, and has set up coal gangue, boiling furnace slag, flyash production building materials factory.
The molecular formula of water glass is: Na
2OmSiO
2, molecular weight is: 122.054, and English by name: Sodium silicate, Water glass.Water glass is a kind of soluble silicate, includes the basic metal of different ratios and the system of silicon-dioxide forms by a kind of.Water glass commonly used is divided into sodium silicate and two types of potash water glasss, is commonly called as the colored alkali of bubble.Sodium silicate is a sodium silicate aqueous solution, and molecular formula is Na
2OmSiO
2Potash water glass is a potassium silicate aqueous solution, and molecular formula is K
2OmSiO
2M in the sodium silicate molecular formula is called the modulus of water glass, represents Na
2O and SiO
2Mol ratio, be unusual important parameters.The m value is big more, and the viscosity of water glass is high more, but the dissolving power in the water descends.When m greater than 3.0 the time, can only be dissolved in the hot water, make troubles to use.The m value is more little, and the viscosity of water glass is low more, and is soluble in water more.The modulus of water glass that China produces is generally between 2.4~3.3.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is that the deficiency that is directed against prior art provides a kind of method of utilizing preparing soluble glass from coal gangue.
Technical scheme of the present invention is following:
Preparing method of the present invention:
A kind of method of utilizing preparing soluble glass from coal gangue may further comprise the steps:
(1) it is broken coal gangue to be put into mortar, carries out sieving with 200 purpose sieves then.
The Powdered bastard coal lime that (2) will pass through sieving is put into crucible, in retort furnace, coal gangue is carried out calcination activation, 750 ℃ of maturing temperatures, roasting time 1h.
(3) be that 20% hydrochloric acid soln mixes by solid-to-liquid ratio (g/mL) 1/6 with the Powdered coal gangue after the roasting and mass concentration; Put into the thermostatically heating magnetic stirring apparatus; 95 ℃ of following reaction times is 1.5h, carries out slag liquid with the suction filtration machine then and separates, and cleans oven dry to filter residue.
(4) will cleaning filter residue after the oven dry, to grind into uniform powder and concentration be that the sodium hydroxide solution of 1.8mol/L mixes by solid-to-liquid ratio (g/mL) 1/10, and putting into temperature is that 70 ℃ of thermostatically heating magnetic stirring apparatuss react 2.5h.The separation of slag liquid is carried out with the suction filtration machine in the reaction back, and filtrating is liquid soluble glass.
Usefulness of the present invention is, invents a kind of technology of utilizing mine waste coal gangue to prepare water glass, and not only material cost is cheap, and technology is simple, and reaches the purpose that changing waste into resources utilizes.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: the acid-leaching reaction temperature is to SiO
2The influence of leaching yield;
Fig. 2: the acid-leaching reaction time is to SiO
2The influence of leaching yield;
Fig. 3: the acid-leaching reaction solid-to-liquid ratio is to SiO
2The influence of leaching yield;
Fig. 4: alkali soaks the reaction solid-to-liquid ratio to SiO
2The influence of leaching yield;
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is elaborated.
(1) fragmentation of coal gangue
It is broken that coal gangue is put into mortar, and table 1 is the chemical ingredients in the coal gangue, carries out sieving with 200 purpose sieves then, and it is subsequent use to get Powdered bastard coal lime.
The chemical ingredients of table 1 coal gangue (mass percent)
SiO 2 Al 2O 3 TiO 2 Fe 2O 3 |
38.02 ?17.33 4.82 8.51 |
(2) activation of coal gangue
The weighing of Powdered bastard coal lime is put into crucible after good, in retort furnace, get differing temps is carried out different durations to coal gangue calcination activation by TR.The burning mistake rate such as the following table of differing temps, time coal gangue:
The burning mistake rate of table 2 differing temps, time coal gangue
Temperature/℃ | 650 | 650 | 650 | 650 | 700 | 700 | 700 | 700 | 750 | 750 | 750 | 750 |
Time/h | 0.5 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 2.0 |
Burn mistake rate/% | 18.1 | 18.3 | 18.2 | 17.9 | 18.2 | 18.1 | 18.0 | 18.2 | 18.1 | 18.7 | 18.2 | 18.3 |
(3) acidleach and slag liquid separate
Powdered coal gangue after the roasting and the hydrochloric acid soln of setting concentration are mixed, put into the thermostatically heating magnetic stirring apparatus, under differing temps, react, carry out slag liquid with the suction filtration machine then and separate, clean oven dry to filter residue.
(4) alkali soaks and the separation of slag liquid
The filter residue of cleaning after drying is ground into uniform powder and sets the mixing of concentration hydrogen sodium oxide, put into the thermostatically heating magnetic stirring apparatus; Be set under the differing temps and react; The separation of slag liquid is carried out with the suction filtration machine in the reaction back, and filtrating is liquid soluble glass, cleans oven dry to filter residue then.
Processing parameter is confirmed
(1) major influence factors
In the middle of reaction process, main influence factor has maturing temperature, the roasting time in the middle of the calcination activation process, the acidleach temperature in the acidleach process; The acidleach solid-to-liquid ratio, acidleach pH value and acid-leaching reaction time, alkali soaks the naoh concentration in the process; Temperature of reaction, solid-to-liquid ratio and reaction times.Ten factors altogether; Consider the particular requirement of orthogonal test and the arrangement of time of whole design; Choose in the middle of these ten factors five maximum factors of preparing soluble glass from coal gangue process influence are studied factor as orthogonal test, design the orthogonal test table L of five factors, four levels
16(4
5).Five major influence factors are elected as: maturing temperature, and roasting time, HCl concentration, NaOH concentration and alkali soak temperature of reaction.Set four levels of five major influence factors respectively: maturing temperature: 650 ℃, 700 ℃, 750 ℃, 800 ℃; Roasting time: 0.5h, 1h, 1.5h, 2h; HCl concentration: 12%, 16%, 20%, 24%; NaOH concentration: 1.0mol/L, 1.4mol/L, 1.8mol/L, 2.2mol/L; Alkali soaks temperature of reaction: 70 ℃, and 80 ℃, 90 ℃, 100 ℃.L
16(4
5) orthogonal table has 16 tests, the equilibrium because each level is arranged in pairs or groups each other has very strong representativeness, and therefore each test need be operated in strict accordance with predetermined parameter in the orthogonal table and condition.Five principal elements and level are classified following table as:
Each factor of table 3 orthogonal test and level
(2) secondary cause
After having chosen orthogonal test five factors, need to confirm acidleach temperature, acid-leaching reaction time, acidleach solid-to-liquid ratio, the optimum response level that alkali soaks the reaction times and alkali soaks five secondary causes of solid-to-liquid ratio is at utmost to reduce the influence of pair of orthogonal test reaction result.The design adopts single factor experiment to confirm.
A. confirming of best acid-leaching reaction temperature
The common level of acid-leaching reaction temperature has: 85 ℃, and 90 ℃, 95 ℃, 100 ℃ of three levels.Under all identical condition of other influence factor levels, do single factor parallel test.Test-results reaction SiO
2The relation of leaching rate and acid-leaching reaction temperature as shown in Figure 1, along with the rising of temperature of reaction, SiO
2Leaching rate at first increase sharply, but temperature of reaction is unsuitable too high, because the too high volatile quantity that strengthens hydrochloric acid of temperature.The mixed solution viscosity that the reaction back generates increases, and influences the degree of carrying out of reaction, and has strengthened the difficulty of suction filtration process.Can know by Fig. 1, when temperature of reaction reaches 95 ℃, SiO
2Leaching rate remain unchanged basically, so this technology to get the acid-leaching reaction temperature be 95 ℃.
B. confirming of best acid-leaching reaction time
The suitable acid-leaching reaction time is to SiO
2Leaching very important, therefore to before orthogonal test, confirm acid-leaching reaction time of the best, SiO
2Leaching rate and acid-leaching reaction time relation as shown in Figure 2.SiO
2The prolongation increasing degree that begins with the reaction times of leaching rate bigger; When acid-leaching reaction time>1h, leaching rate increases slowly, and the leaching amount in the unit time descends.Reason is the increase along with the reaction times, the content step-down of silicon-dioxide in the mixed solution, and the concentration of hydrochloric acid also reduces.Can know that by figure the best acid-leaching reaction time is 1.5h.
C. confirming of best acidleach solid-to-liquid ratio
Solid-to-liquid ratio (coal gangue quality/hydrochloric acid quality) is to SiO
2The influence of leaching yield is as shown in Figure 3.Mixed liquid concentration was big when solid-to-liquid ratio was big, and the amount of hydrochloric acid is just less relatively, SiO
2Leaching yield low, when solid-to-liquid ratio reduced, the amount of hydrochloric acid increased, SiO
2Leaching yield strengthen.When solid-to-liquid ratio was 1/6, reaction reached steady state, SiO basically
2Leaching yield remains unchanged basically.In addition, less solid-to-liquid ratio also helps the carrying out of suction filtration, takes all factors into consideration, and the best solid-to-liquid ratio of acidleach (g/ml, down together) is 1/6.
D. best alkali soaks confirming of reaction times and solid-to-liquid ratio
It is long more that alkali soaks the time in theory, SiO
2The amount that leaches is big more.But in the actually operating along with the carrying out of reaction because the continuous reduction of NaOH concentration, SiO in the coal gangue
2Content also constantly reduce, so speed of reaction is constantly slack-off.Consider test period and actual benefit, choosing alkali, to soak the reaction times be 2.5h.Alkali soaks reaction solid-to-liquid ratio and SiO
2The relation of leaching yield is as shown in Figure 4.Because the NaOH strong solution has stickiness, thus alkali soak the reaction solid-to-liquid ratio level should be littler than acid-leaching reaction solid-to-liquid ratio level value.The design chooses 1/8,1/9,1/10,1/11 checking that makes an experiment.The result shows SiO
2Leaching yield at first strengthens along with reducing of solid-liquid ratio, and by 1/10 o'clock, because the reduction of NaOH concentration, reaction result showed SiO
2Leaching rate also begins to reduce.So it is 1/10 that the alkali that the design chooses soaks the best solid-to-liquid ratio of reaction.
The optimum level that soda acid soaks five secondary causes of process is: the acid-leaching reaction temperature is 95 ℃, and the best acid-leaching reaction time is 1.5h, and the best solid-to-liquid ratio of acidleach is 1/6, and it is 1/10 that alkali soaks reaction solid-to-liquid ratio the best, and the alkali time of soaking is confirmed as 2.5h in addition.
So far, from coal gangue, extract SiO
2Ten influence factor optimum levels that make water glass are all confirmed.The optimum level of five major influence factors is: 750 ℃ of maturing temperatures, and roasting time 1h, HCl concentration 20%, NaOH concentration 1.8mol/L, alkali soak 70 ℃ of temperature of reaction.The optimum level of five minor effect factors is: the acid-leaching reaction temperature is 95 ℃, and the best acid-leaching reaction time is 1.5h, and the best solid-to-liquid ratio of acidleach is 1/6, and it is 1/10 that alkali soaks the best solid-to-liquid ratio of reaction, and the alkali time of soaking is confirmed as 2.5h in addition.
Usefulness of the present invention is, invents a kind of technology of utilizing mine waste coal gangue to prepare water glass, and not only material cost is cheap, and technology is simple, and reaches the purpose that changing waste into resources utilizes.The water glass of processing by this technology satisfies the GB requirement fully.
Table 4 water glass detected result and corresponding GB synopsis
Should be understood that, concerning those of ordinary skills, can improve or conversion, and all these improvement and conversion all should belong to the protection domain of accompanying claims of the present invention according to above-mentioned explanation.
Claims (1)
1. a method of utilizing preparing soluble glass from coal gangue is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) it is broken coal gangue to be put into mortar, carries out sieving with 200 purpose sieves then;
The Powdered bastard coal lime that (2) will pass through sieving is put into crucible, in retort furnace, coal gangue is carried out calcination activation, 750 ℃ of maturing temperatures, roasting time 1h;
(3) be that 20% hydrochloric acid soln mixes by solid-to-liquid ratio (g/mL) 1/6 with the Powdered coal gangue after the roasting and mass concentration; Put into the thermostatically heating magnetic stirring apparatus; 95 ℃ of following reaction times is 1.5h, carries out slag liquid with the suction filtration machine then and separates, and cleans oven dry to filter residue;
(4) will cleaning filter residue after the oven dry, to grind into uniform powder and concentration be that the sodium hydroxide solution of 1.8mol/L mixes by solid-to-liquid ratio (g/mL) 1/10, and putting into temperature is that 70 ℃ of thermostatically heating magnetic stirring apparatuss react 2.5h; The separation of slag liquid is carried out with the suction filtration machine in the reaction back, and filtrating is liquid soluble glass.
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Cited By (7)
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CN105540602A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-05-04 | 卓达新材料科技集团有限公司 | Method for preparing water glass by using ordinary pulverized-coal-furnace fly ash |
CN105692638A (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2016-06-22 | 王嘉兴 | Preparation method of water glass |
CN109384236A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2019-02-26 | 抚顺市盛达工业产品综合利用有限公司 | Gangue or oil shale slag produce silicon method |
CN110342555A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2019-10-18 | 湖南绿脉环保科技有限公司 | A method of aluminium oxide is produced containing kaolinic mineral |
CN111908481A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-10 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Magnesium silicate material and preparation method and application thereof |
WO2021035318A1 (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2021-03-04 | Vale S.A. | Process for obtaining sodium silicate powder from sandy tailings from the process of concentrating iron ore |
CN115159580A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-10-11 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Method for preparing jarosite from coal gangue |
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CN105540602A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-05-04 | 卓达新材料科技集团有限公司 | Method for preparing water glass by using ordinary pulverized-coal-furnace fly ash |
CN105692638A (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2016-06-22 | 王嘉兴 | Preparation method of water glass |
CN109384236A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2019-02-26 | 抚顺市盛达工业产品综合利用有限公司 | Gangue or oil shale slag produce silicon method |
CN110342555A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2019-10-18 | 湖南绿脉环保科技有限公司 | A method of aluminium oxide is produced containing kaolinic mineral |
WO2021035318A1 (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2021-03-04 | Vale S.A. | Process for obtaining sodium silicate powder from sandy tailings from the process of concentrating iron ore |
TWI760829B (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2022-04-11 | 巴西商淡水河谷公司 | Method for obtaining powdered sodium silicate from sandy tailings produced in iron ore beneficiation process |
JP2022545616A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2022-10-28 | ヴァーレ、ソシエダージ、アノニマ | Process for obtaining powdered sodium silicate from placer slag produced in the iron ore concentrate process |
JP7509862B2 (en) | 2019-08-30 | 2024-07-02 | ヴァーレ、ソシエダージ、アノニマ | Method for obtaining powdered sodium silicate from sandy tailings produced in iron ore concentrating process |
CN111908481A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-10 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Magnesium silicate material and preparation method and application thereof |
CN115159580A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-10-11 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Method for preparing jarosite from coal gangue |
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Application publication date: 20120718 |