Four post hydraulic forging presses
Technical field
The present invention relates to hydraulic press, particularly a kind of four post hydraulic forging presses that are suitable for unbalance loading processing operating mode.
Background technology
Four-column hydraulic press of the prior art by four root posts, entablature, sill, be slidingly mounted on middle cross beam between the lower and upper cross-member, connect the operating cylinder of entablature and middle cross beam and be connected middle cross beam and the backhaul oil cylinder of sill constitutes.Be provided with the fairlead structure between middle cross beam and the column.This kind guide frame is under unbalance loading processing operating mode, and for line contacts, contact-making surface is less, so local pressure is bigger, is prone to cause column to pull between the inwall of fairlead and the column.This guide frame can not be adjusted after installing on the other hand, therefore can't remedy to forge the fairlead distortion that hot pressing causes, and causes guiding accuracy and stability to reduce, and is prone to cause column to pull.In addition, the cylinder body of operating cylinder is installed in the entablature of hydraulic press, and the lower end of plunger rod and middle cross beam are the structure that is rigidly connected.Adopt this kind connected mode, when hydraulic press being used for unbalance loading processing operating mode, plunger rod is deflection vertically, makes plunger rod and inboard wall of cylinder block form local the contact, is prone to cause cylinder body and plunger rod to pull destruction.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of anti-bias load for solving the technical problem that exists in the known technology, avoid that column is pulled, the position all around of scalable middle cross beam, thereby improves guiding accuracy and stability; Reduce cylinder body simultaneously and plunger rod is pulled destruction, thereby reduce the maintenance of equipment cost, prolong four post hydraulic forging presses of service life of equipment.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes for the technical problem that exists in the solution known technology is:
Four post hydraulic forging presses are by the operating cylinder of four root posts, entablature, middle cross beam, sill, connection entablature and middle cross beam and be connected middle cross beam and the backhaul oil cylinder of sill constitutes; Be provided with the guide pillar nested structure between middle cross beam and the column; Said oil cylinder adopts unidirectional ram cylinder, it comprise the cylinder body that is installed in entablature, place the plunger rod in the cylinder body and be located at plunger rod and inboard wall of cylinder block between guide frame and seal, it is characterized in that:
Said guide pillar structure comprises the four groups of guidance sets that are made up of guide plate and wedge that are uniformly distributed along the circumference that are located between middle cross beam and each column, for wedge surface contacts, is plane contact between the medial surface of said guide plate and the column between said guide plate and the wedge; The upper end of said middle cross beam is equipped with said wedge is pressed abd fixed on the pressing plate in the middle cross beam; Said guide plate is provided with outside horizontally extending gripper shoe near the position of upper end, between said gripper shoe and the pressing plate adjusting pad is installed, and said gripper shoe is packed in the pressing plate top through screw; Also be provided with dustproof construction between said guide plate and the column;
The lower end of said plunger rod is shaped on cylindrical cavity; From top to bottom be provided with in the said cylindrical cavity and form first ball ring and the sphere post that sphere cooperates, said first ball ring is packed in the bottom of cylindrical cavity, and said sphere post stretches out the plunger rod lower end; Its outer cover is equipped with the support set that is packed in the plunger rod lower end; The outside, lower end of said support set is shaped on lug boss, and said lug boss is put on the shelf the supporting structure that is connected with middle cross beam is housed, and is provided with cushion between said supporting structure and the lug boss; The inside, lower end of said support set is equipped with second ball ring that is connected with middle cross beam, and said second ball ring is that sphere cooperates with the lower end of sphere post.
The present invention can also adopt following technical scheme:
Said pressing plate is a flange plate structure.
Said guide plate and gripper shoe are monolithic construction.
Said guide plate and gripper shoe are split-type structural, and said gripper shoe is connected with the guide plate plug-in mounting.
Said dustproof construction comprises and is installed in the dust-proof cushion between guide plate and the column and is packed in the cover plate that guide plate upper end is used for compressing dust-proof cushion.
Said supporting structure by with first flange of intermediate transverse girder upper end welding, be located at second flange that first flange upper end is connected with it and and the flange cover that is connected of second flange constitute; The inner ring of said second flange compresses with the periphery of cushion mutually, and the lower end of said flange cover is pressed on the upper surface of cushion.
Said seal is a combination sealing.
Said guide frame is for being fastened on the first bronze medal guide pin bushing and the second bronze medal guide pin bushing on the inboard wall of cylinder block up and down respectively, and said combination sealing is pressed between the two bronze medal guide pin bushings.
Advantage and good effect that the present invention has are:
Guide pillar structure in the hydraulic press adopts said structure, and column is contacted with guide frame formation face, has increased contact area, has reduced the local pressure under the unbalance loading operating mode greatly, has avoided column to pull; In addition, the guidance set that is made up of guide plate and wedge is an adjustable structure, and the gap between column and the guide plate can change through the relative position of adjustment guide plate and wedge, has therefore avoided forging pulling of hot pressing and unbalance loading operating mode column.Operating cylinder in the hydraulic press adopts said structure; Under the operating mode of unbalance loading processing; Rotate along the mating surface rotation of sphere post and the mating surface of sphere post edge first ball ring through second ball ring; Avoided plunger rod to deflect, guarantee to have blocked bar, thereby reduced cylinder body and plunger rod is pulled destruction along rectilinear motion up and down along axis.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the sketch map of Fig. 1 central post guide frame;
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of unidirectional ram cylinder among Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is the partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 4.
Among the figure: 1, column; 2, entablature; 3, middle cross beam; 4, sill; 5, operating cylinder; 5-1, cylinder body; 5-2, plunger rod; 5-3, first ball ring; 5-4, sphere post; 5-5, support set; 5-5-1, lug boss; 5-6, supporting structure; 5-6-1, first flange; 5-6-2, second flange; 5-6-3, flange cover; 5-7, cushion; 5-8, second ball ring; 5-9, combination sealing; 5-10, the first bronze medal guide pin bushing; 5-11, the second bronze medal guide pin bushing; 5-12, supported flange; 6, backhaul oil cylinder; 7, guide pillar structure; 7-1, guide plate; 7-2, wedge; 7-3, pressing plate; 7-4, gripper shoe; 7-5, adjusting pad; 7-6, dust-proof cushion; 7-7, cover plate.
The specific embodiment
For further understanding summary of the invention of the present invention, characteristics and effect, the following examples of giving an example now, and conjunction with figs. specifies as follows:
See also Fig. 1-5, four post hydraulic forging press, by four root posts 1, entablature 2, middle cross beam 3, sill 4, connect the operating cylinder 5 of entablature and middle cross beam and be connected middle cross beam and the backhaul oil cylinder 6 of sill constitutes.Be provided with guide pillar structure 7 between middle cross beam and the column.Said operating cylinder adopts unidirectional ram cylinder, and the quantity of operating cylinder is confirmed according to the size of service load, can adopt single or a plurality of.
Above-mentioned guide pillar structure comprises the four groups of guidance sets that are made up of guide plate 7-1 and wedge 7-2 that are uniformly distributed along the circumference that are located between middle cross beam and each column.For wedge surface contacts, between the medial surface of said guide plate and the column plane contact between said guide plate and the wedge.The upper end of said middle cross beam is equipped with said wedge is pressed abd fixed on the pressing plate 7-3 in the middle cross beam.Concrete, in middle cross beam, be shaped on the circular bead surface that supports wedge, can be in the wedge upper end near breach being set with the middle cross beam position contacting, above-mentioned pressing plate is pressed on the breach of wedge, and it is fixed on the upper end of middle cross beam through screw.Said guide plate is provided with outside horizontally extending gripper shoe 7-4 near the position of upper end, and adjusting pad 7-5 is installed between said gripper shoe and the pressing plate, and said gripper shoe is packed in the pressing plate top through screw.Above-mentioned gripper shoe is fixed on guide plate between column and the wedge, the front and back of adjusting the gap between guide plate and the column and realizing middle cross beam through the thickness that changes adjusting pad with about adjustment.Also be provided with dustproof construction between said guide plate and the column.
The above-mentioned pressing plate that compresses voussoir can be made split-type structural, and promptly the position of every group of guidance set is provided with a block pressur plate respectively.Consider that from the angle of being convenient to process and assemble this pressing plate can be preferably monolithic construction, promptly pressing plate adopts flange plate structure, and promptly a flange plate structure pressing plate can be fixed four wedges along every root post simultaneously.
Above-mentioned guide plate and gripper shoe can adopt monolithic construction, i.e. the whole machine-shaping of guide plate and gripper shoe; Guide plate and gripper shoe also can adopt split-type structural, and both connect through the plug-in mounting mode.Concrete, process guide plate and gripper shoe respectively, a side that on guide plate, is shaped on wedge surface is milled the system slot near the position of upper end, and the end with gripper shoe when assembling is inserted in the slot of guide plate, can realize that both plug-in mountings connect.
Above-mentioned dustproof construction has avoided dust and other impurities to drop between the mobile mating surface of guide plate and column, has avoided the column surface tear, guarantees that guide frame moves up and down along column smoothly.In the present embodiment, said dustproof construction constitutes by being installed in the dust-proof cushion 7-6 between guide plate and the column and being packed in the cover plate 7-7 that guide plate upper end is used for compressing dust-proof cushion.
Above-mentioned unidirectional ram cylinder comprise the cylinder body 5-1 that is installed in top beam of hydraulic machine, place the plunger rod 5-2 in the cylinder body and be located at plunger rod and inboard wall of cylinder block between guide frame and seal.The lower end of said plunger rod is shaped on cylindrical cavity, from top to bottom is provided with in the said cylindrical cavity to form the first ball ring 5-3 and the sphere post 5-4 that sphere cooperates, and said first ball ring is packed in the bottom of cylindrical cavity through screw.Said sphere post stretches out the plunger rod lower end, and its outer cover is equipped with the support set 5-5 that is packed in the plunger rod lower end through screw, and the outside, lower end of said support set is shaped on lug boss 5-5-1; Said lug boss is put on the shelf the supporting structure 5-6 that is connected with middle cross beam is housed; Be provided with cushion 5-7 between said supporting structure and the lug boss, cushion can be made by polyurethane rubber, and cushion can adopt common plain cushion structure; Also can adopt U type mat structure, specifically as shown in the figure.The inside, lower end of said support set is equipped with the second ball ring 5-8 that is connected through screw and middle cross beam, and said second ball ring is that sphere cooperates with the lower end of sphere post.All need reserve the certain clearance amount between above-mentioned cylindrical cavity and the sphere post, between the endoporus of support set and the sphere post and between the lower surface of the joint face of first ball ring and middle cross beam and support set, the size of gap value is processed operating mode by concrete unbalance loading and is determined.
Above-mentioned supporting structure is supported on middle cross beam on the support set, forms a kind of free-standing connected mode between the two.When processing unbalance loading workpiece, second ball ring drives the mating surface rotation of middle cross beam along the sphere post, and middle cross beam drives supporting structure and rotates, supporting structure extruding cushion, and cushion generation strain has absorbed most active force.After middle cross beam and the disengaging of unbalance loading workpiece, under the resilient force of cushion, entire bracket structure, middle cross beam and second ball ring rotate and reset.Above-mentioned supporting structure can be further by with the first flange 5-6-1 of intermediate transverse girder upper end welding, be located at first flange upper end and constitute through flange cover 5-6-3 that screw is connected with its second flange 5-6-2 that is connected through screw and with second flange.The inner ring of said second flange compresses with the periphery of cushion mutually, and the lower end of said flange cover is pressed on the upper surface of cushion.
Above-mentioned hydraulic press is generally used for the hot-working operating mode, for avoiding the seal heat damage between plunger rod and the inboard wall of cylinder block, thereby causes the hydraulic press leakage of oil to stop production.In the present invention, seal further is preferably combination sealing 5-9, claims that also rubber adds the cloth sealing, and the heat resistanceheat resistant type and the intensity of this kind sealing all are higher than common sealing ring, such as y-type seal ring.Guide frame structure between above-mentioned plunger rod and the inboard wall of cylinder block can adopt the fairlead of cast iron quality or the guidance tape of outsourcing; In the present invention; Guide frame is preferably the first bronze medal guide pin bushing 5-10 and the second bronze medal guide pin bushing 5-11 that is fastened on up and down on the inboard wall of cylinder block; Said combination sealing is pressed between the two bronze medal guide pin bushings, and the lower end of second fairlead is provided with supported flange 5-12, and supported flange is packed in the lower end of cylinder body through screw.