CN102581479A - Method for driving a plurality of flyers by using laser and implementation device - Google Patents
Method for driving a plurality of flyers by using laser and implementation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102581479A CN102581479A CN2012100513516A CN201210051351A CN102581479A CN 102581479 A CN102581479 A CN 102581479A CN 2012100513516 A CN2012100513516 A CN 2012100513516A CN 201210051351 A CN201210051351 A CN 201210051351A CN 102581479 A CN102581479 A CN 102581479A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for driving a plurality of flyers by using laser. The method comprises taking a laser beam generated by a laser as incident laser which is split into a plurality of light beams by a beam splitter, emitting the light beams to the surface of a metal thin film which is adhered to or deposited on a piece of optical glass by using the optical glass to instantly evaporate, gasify and ionize the surface of the metal thin film and generate high-temperature high-pressure plasmas, and making high-pressure shock waves generated by the plasmas act on the metal thin film positioned in front of an incident area under the constraint of the optical glass so as to cut the residual metal thin film, and driving the residual metal thin film at high speed, thereby forming ultrahigh speed flyers. An integral laser wave is spatially split into a plurality of tiny focus array points by using an optical diffraction or refraction principle, and a plurality of particles with equal or unequal energy are driven at the same time by an optical beam splitter such as a cross grating, a micro lens array and the like to realize the multipoint driving emission of a single laser source.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plasma and drive accelerated method, relate in particular to a kind of beam splitter that adopts and realize that single lasing light emitter drives the method and the implement device thereof of many film flyings simultaneously.
Background technology
Since the breadboard Theodore Maiman of nineteen sixty California, USA Hughes realized the first bundle laser, Reciprocity of Laser & Materials process, mechanism and application received researcher's heat and hold in both hands.Early 1990s, the human notion that has proposed Laser Driven first, meaning is emitted to LEO with grapefruit satellite etc. through the continuous high frequency lasers device of ground.
Laser Driven promptly utilizes laser to promote the material high-speed flight.Its scope that is widely used: the laser controlled nuclear fusion, initiatively remove space trash, Laser Driven rocket i.e. " photon rocket " technology and Laser Driven film flying etc.
The Laser Driven film flying is a kind of dynamic high-pressure loading technique, and its physical basis is gasification and the ablation that Irradiation of High causes target.Two kinds of situation are arranged: first pulse laser directly interacts with the ultra-thin target of no window and makes its ablation and then promote film flying, and this technology can be applicable to aspects such as laser ignition; It two is meant Laser Driven band window film flying, promptly utilizes pulse laser to go out with high-speed driving attached to the metallic film of micron, nano thickness on the window etc., drives flyer velocity and reaches as high as tens of km per seconds.That this method has is with low cost, install simple good characteristics, in fields such as high-speed impact, space technology, high-pressure physics, the mechanics of materials, safe detonations Application Research is arranged all at present.Yet current Laser Driven film flying technology can only be launched single-particle, and this unicity makes Laser Driven film flying technology in its use field, receive limitation.
Summary of the invention
To above-mentioned prior art; The present invention provides the method and the implement device of the many film flyings of a kind of Laser Driven; Utilize optical elements such as orthogonal grating, microlens array, can drive the impartial or unequal a plurality of particles of energy simultaneously, realize single lasing light emitter Multipoint Drive emission.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above; The technical scheme that the method for the many film flyings of a kind of Laser Driven of the present invention is achieved is: laser instrument is produced beam of laser as incident laser; Incident laser is decomposed to form multi-beam through beam splitter, and multi-beam sees through an optical glass and incides stickup or be deposited on the metallic film surface on this optical glass, makes metallic film surface flash evapn, gasification and ionization; Produce the plasma of HTHP; Because receive the constraint of optical glass, the high-pressure shocking wave of plasma generation acts on the metallic film that is positioned at the front, incidence zone, thereby remaining metallic film is sheared; And with it with high-speed driving, thereby form the ultrahigh speed film flying.
The device of realizing the many film flyings of above-mentioned Laser Driven is: adopting pulse width is that the laser instrument of nanosecond and picosecond magnitude is as light emitting source; This laser instrument emitted laser gets into orthogonal grating or microlens array as beam splitter through a condenser earlier again, thereby obtains multi-beam; On the projecting direction of multi-beam, be placed with an optical glass, the back side of this optical glass is provided with metallic film.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The method and the implement device of the many film flyings of a kind of Laser Driven of the present invention have remedied the defective that current Laser Driven film flying can only be launched single-particle; Realize the emission of multiparticle, can be applied in high-pressure physics, space science, the little forming technique of material and explosive field such as detonate fast.During like employing Laser Driven film flying mode virtual space fragment environment in space science; The a certain position of bibliographical information space junk repeat function spacecraft probability is very little even can ignore; Utilize the multiparticle of the method emission of the many film flyings of Laser Driven of the present invention can be equivalent to fragment, thereby reach the purpose of ground simulation space junk cumulative damage effect simply and effectively with friction speed.And can use the damage pattern of the light microscope observation bump target that film flying struck, use spectrophotometer to measure its optical transmittance, use weighing instrument to measure its loss in weight etc.,
Description of drawings
The light path principle figure of the method for the many film flyings of a kind of Laser Driven of Fig. 1 the present invention;
Fig. 2 is an optical grating diffraction array used in the method for the many film flyings of a kind of Laser Driven of the present invention;
After Fig. 3 was utilization the inventive method, the film flying target was by drive part array pattern;
After Fig. 4 is utilization the inventive method, bump target damage pattern.
Among the figure:
The 1-laser instrument, 2-two mutually perpendicular speculums, the 3-condenser, the 4-orthogonal grating, 5-film flying target, 51-optical glass, the 52-metallic film, 6-clashes into target.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the specific embodiment the present invention is done to describe in further detail.
The method of the many film flyings of a kind of Laser Driven of the present invention, the beam of laser that laser instrument is produced is as incident laser, and incident laser is decomposed to form multi-beam through beam splitter; Multi-beam sees through an optical glass and incides stickup or be deposited on the metallic film surface on this optical glass; Make metallic film surface flash evapn, gasification and ionization, produce the plasma of HTHP, owing to receive the constraint of optical glass; The high-pressure shocking wave of plasma generation acts on the metallic film that is positioned at the front, incidence zone; Thereby remaining metallic film is sheared, and with it with high-speed driving, thereby form the ultrahigh speed film flying.
Utilize the method for the many film flyings of above-mentioned Laser Driven to realize that the device of the many film flyings of Laser Driven is; As shown in Figure 1; Adopting pulse width is that the laser instrument 1 of nanosecond and picosecond magnitude is as light emitting source; This laser instrument emitted laser gets into orthogonal grating 4 or microlens array as beam splitter through a condenser 3 earlier again, thereby obtains multi-beam; On the projecting direction of multi-beam, be placed with an optical glass 51 (like quartz glass or K9 glass), the back side of this optical glass 51 is provided with metallic film 52, in fact, pastes or the optical glass 51 that deposits metallic film 52 has constituted film flying target 5.Limit based on breadboard steric requirements, can utilize two mutually perpendicular speculums 2 to reach the purpose that shortens light path.
Among the present invention, be to utilize many slit diffractions effect to carry out chromatic dispersion as the orthogonal grating of beam splitter, with point source of light (light that laser tube sends etc.) irradiation orthogonal grating, diffraction pattern presents a prescription form point system of battle formations shape.In like manner, microlens array spatially is divided into many small parts before with a complete laser wave, and each part is all focused on the focal plane by corresponding lenslet, and a series of lenticules just can obtain the plane be made up of a series of focuses.If before the laser wave is desirable plane wave front, on the microlens array focal plane, just can obtain one group of even and regular focus distribution so.
Application Optics diffraction or refraction principle spatially are divided into many small focus array point before with a complete laser wave.This technology applies to Laser Driven film flying field, and it can drive the impartial or unequal a plurality of particles of energy simultaneously, realizes that single lasing light emitter drives the specification requirement of many film flyings.
Below tell about detailed process of the present invention through experimental example, it is the convenience in order to understand that experimental example is provided, never be the restriction the present invention.In addition, testing used device is the basis with apparatus of the present invention, places a bump target 6 in the back of the film flying target 5 that is made up of optical glass 51 and metallic film 52, so that influence is done further to analyze to film flying, bump target 6 can adopt optical glass or thermal control coating.For reducing energy loss and the diffraction array of keeping comparatively dense, orthogonal grating 4 need be moderate with film flying target 5 distances, and the optical grating diffraction array of orthogonal grating is as shown in Figure 2.
Experimental example one:
The quartz glass of diameter 40mm, thick 3mm is successively used deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol ultrasonic cleaning 10min, remove the residual organic pollution of material surface, clean up back air dry in air.Aluminizing aluminium purity 99.9999%, the thick 6 μ m of gained aluminium film through magnetron sputtering through surface of quartz glass of cleaning.Use the ps pulsed laser and ns pulsed laser device, diffraction takes place and produces a series of point-like light in the laser with certain parameter behind orthogonal grating, and each point-like light is incident on by on the film flying target that optical glass constituted that deposits metallic film; Make metallic film surface flash evapn, gasification and ionization; Produce the plasma of HTHP, owing to receive the constraint of optical glass, the high-pressure shocking wave of plasma generation acts on the metallic film that is positioned at the front, incidence zone; Thereby remaining metallic film is sheared; And with it with high-speed driving, thereby form the ultrahigh speed film flying, final film flying acts on the bump target and causes collsion damage.For guaranteeing the film flying high-speed flight, setting film flying target 5 is 2mm with the spacing of clashing into target 6.This experimental example one, orthogonal grating and film flying target spacing 1mm select laser energy 360mJ, trigger the triggering of frequency selection single-particle, and the laser instrument pulsewidth is 6ns.
Pulse laser is watched by drive part array pattern according to 1: 1 pair of film flying target 5 through digital camera after triggering, and as shown in Figure 3, the scale value unit among Fig. 3 is cm; Through light microscope bump target pattern is measured, as shown in Figure 4, the spacing of adjacent two graduation marks is 1mm among Fig. 4.Test through to experimental result draws: the method for the many film flyings of a kind of Laser Driven of the present invention can realize the many film flyings of Laser Driven.As shown in Figure 3, film flying target surface forms the array of nine rules, and is as shown in Figure 4, and five impact craters then only appear in the bump target, wherein, maximum with the center damage.This is that wherein central energy is the highest owing to do not wait through the multiple laser energy that forms behind the grating, and decentre energy far away is more little.
Experimental example two:
Different of this experimental example two and experimental example one are, through surface of quartz glass of cleaning through the sticking aluminium of mucous membrane method, aluminium film thickness 20 μ m.Setting film flying target 5 is 4mm with the spacing of clashing into target 6.Select laser energy 320mJ, trigger frequency 1Hz, the laser instrument pulsewidth is 6ns.
Experimental example three:
Different of this experimental example three and experimental example one are, are depositing a bed thickness 6 μ m graphite through surface of quartz glass of cleaning through czochralski method, on graphite film, glue aluminium, aluminium film thickness 20 μ m with the mucous membrane method again.Setting film flying target 5 is 6mm with the spacing of clashing into target 6.Select laser energy 280mJ, trigger frequency 5Hz, the laser instrument pulsewidth is 6ns.
Experimental example four:
Different of this experimental example four and experimental example one are, through surface of quartz glass of cleaning through magnetron sputtering copper facing, the thick about 10 μ m of copper film.Setting film flying target 5 is 10mm with the spacing of clashing into target 6.Select laser energy 250mJ, trigger frequency 10Hz, the laser instrument pulsewidth is 6ns.
Although invention has been described for top combination figure; But the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiment, and the above-mentioned specific embodiment only is schematically, rather than restrictive; Those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; Under the situation that does not break away from aim of the present invention, can also make a lot of distortion, these all belong within the protection of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the method for the many film flyings of Laser Driven is characterized in that, laser instrument is produced beam of laser as incident laser; Incident laser is decomposed to form multi-beam through beam splitter, and multi-beam sees through an optical glass and incides stickup or be deposited on the metallic film surface on this optical glass, makes metallic film surface flash evapn, gasification and ionization; Produce the plasma of HTHP; Because receive the constraint of optical glass, the high-pressure shocking wave of plasma generation acts on the metallic film that is positioned at the front, incidence zone, thereby remaining metallic film is sheared; And with it with high-speed driving, thereby form the ultrahigh speed film flying.
2. realize the device of the method for the many film flyings of Laser Driven as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that; Adopting pulse width is that the laser instrument of nanosecond and picosecond magnitude is as light emitting source; This laser instrument emitted laser gets into orthogonal grating or microlens array as beam splitter through a condenser earlier again, thereby obtains multi-beam; On the projecting direction of multi-beam, be placed with an optical glass, the back side of this optical glass is provided with metallic film.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103433617A (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2013-12-11 | 江苏大学 | Micro plastic forming device and forming method of laser-driven flying plate heat insulating film |
| CN108021765A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-05-11 | 北京卫星环境工程研究所 | Laser ablation drives the computational methods of irregular three-D target mechanical behavior |
| CN108120889A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-06-05 | 北京卫星环境工程研究所 | Laser Driven Flyer Plates induced discharge effect test system and test method |
| CN109580627A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2019-04-05 | 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 | A kind of impact piece form test macro and its test method |
| CN109625346A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-04-16 | 北京卫星环境工程研究所 | Laser Driven pellet hits space debris prevention structure test method and device |
| CN110243807A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-09-17 | 浙江农林大学 | Multifunctional, air body sensor |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103433617A (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2013-12-11 | 江苏大学 | Micro plastic forming device and forming method of laser-driven flying plate heat insulating film |
| CN108120889A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-06-05 | 北京卫星环境工程研究所 | Laser Driven Flyer Plates induced discharge effect test system and test method |
| CN108021765A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-05-11 | 北京卫星环境工程研究所 | Laser ablation drives the computational methods of irregular three-D target mechanical behavior |
| CN108021765B (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2021-03-02 | 北京卫星环境工程研究所 | Method for calculating mechanical behavior of irregular three-dimensional target driven by laser ablation |
| CN109580627A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2019-04-05 | 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 | A kind of impact piece form test macro and its test method |
| CN109625346A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-04-16 | 北京卫星环境工程研究所 | Laser Driven pellet hits space debris prevention structure test method and device |
| CN109625346B (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2022-02-11 | 北京卫星环境工程研究所 | Method and device for testing laser-driven ball impact space fragment protection structure |
| CN110243807A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-09-17 | 浙江农林大学 | Multifunctional, air body sensor |
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| CN102581479B (en) | 2014-09-17 |
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