CN102580513B - Flue gas desulphurization process simulation and optimization system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of flue gas desulphurization process simulation and optimization system, is made up of server and client side. First set up lime stone---gypsum wet flue gas desulfurizing model, realize the simulation of sweetening process, with multiple target normalization optimization, the operating mode of manually setting is optimized to virtual sifting and goes out under each operating mode optimum operating condition and be packaged into an Optimum Operation database. The real time data file of DCS system that server monitoring sends via SIS database, and in the mode of database retrieval, find the matched record in Optimum Operation database, then sends to client by real time data and related advisory and checks for user. Server and client side is realized and being connected and user management by LAN. Native system provides optimal control platform for heat-engine plant desulfurized system, the in the situation that of direct control DCS system not, for operating personnel provide suggestion for operation and the early warning of optimization, thereby improves normal operation rate, desulfuration efficiency and the SO of desulphurization system₂Concentration of emission compliance rate.

Description

Flue gas desulphurization process simulation and optimization system

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of flue gas desulphurization process simulation and optimization systems soft ware, specifically a kind of coal-fired electricityProcess simulation and optimization and the online data of factory's lime stone-gypsum wet flue gas desulfurizing device are checked systems soft ware.

Background technology

For protection of the environment, need to control coal-burning power plantDischarge. Control at present coal-burning power plantThe way of dischargeFootpath mainly contains 3 kinds of desulfurization in the front desulfurization of burning, burning, the rear desulfurization of burning. After burning, desulfurization is that flue gas desulfurization is current controlThe most effective approach is also a kind of mode generally adopting in the world. Lime stone-stone in fume desulphurization methodCream wet process of FGD is the technology generally adopting at present.

Lime stone-gypsum wet flue gas desulfurizing technique with lime stone () as alkaline desulfurization absorbent. Lime stonePiece material enters ball mill through precrushing to be mixed with water, wears into pulpous state, is delivered in desulfuration absorbing tower by pump. Fresh desulfurizing agentThe slurry pool that enters absorption tower mixes with loop slurry, and loop slurry is promoted to tower top spraying layer through pump, by nozzle dispersion mist formationShape drop, vaporific slurries drop mixes and contacts with acidic flue gas in dropping process, in calcium carbonate and flue gas in slurries drop'sCarry out a series of physicochemical absorption reaction and generate calcium sulfite, simultaneous pH value reduces, calcium sulfiteAt absorption tower stock tank and the oxygen in the oxidation air blasting, generation calcium sulfate occurs further to react, it is certain full that calcium sulfate reachesAfter degree, crystallization finally generates gypsum (CaSO₄·H₂O). Flue gas after desulfurization removes through demister tiny that flue gas carriesDrop enters chimney. The gypsum slurries that discharge on absorption tower is after dewatering system thickening, and gypsum is sold as byproduct, waste waterThrough the reuse of simple process rear section, the waste water of discharge qualified discharge after treatment. Whole process mainly comprises absorption tower system, stoneLime stone serum producing system, gypsum dehydration treatment system.

Lime stone-gypsum wet flue gas desulfurizing technique is comparatively advanced, and first cost is high, and operation and maintenance cost is phase alsoWork as height, and system availability is not high. In order to predict the performance of this sulfur removal technology process and to select optimal design and operational factor,Need to develop Advanced Control Software. American Electric Power research association (EPRI) developed a kind of by name " integration of FGD technical process andSimulation model ", but this system expensive.

Therefore applicant's independent development flue gas desulphurization process simulation and optimization system, this system can realize stoneThe field data of lime stone-gypsum wet flue gas desulfurizing technique is collected, and is optimized simulation based on field data, is operatorMember provides suggestion for operation.

Patent application flue gas desulfurization control system of large coal-fired power plant (application number CN200610116579.3) has proposed oneCover lime stone-gypsum wet flue gas desulfurizing simulation control subsystem. This system is by the simulation calculation to on-site signal, then defeatedGo out signal direct control DCS system and complete the control to physical device. Investigate the staff of thermal power plant table through the personnel of project teamShow the stability that commercial plant needs are very high, direct control DCS easily impacts system, and DCS chip operation loadStrengthen, easily cause system down, just in case analogue simulation system judges and inaccurately will likely occur safe thing on-site signalTherefore there is larger potential safety hazard in this process therefore. Given this, the present invention is transported to client for operator by simulative optimization resultMember's reference, and direct control DCS system has not been avoided the impact to equipment.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of flue gas desulphurization process simulation and optimization system for coal-burning power plant's stoneThe simulative optimization of lime stone-gypsum wet flue gas desulfurizing technique. Without direct control DCS control system in the situation that, be limeThe operating condition that stone-gypsum wet flue gas desulfurizing device proposes to optimize, for operating personnel's reference, has overcome lime stone-gypsum wetThe problem of method flue gas desulfur device operation difficulty, avoids the impact of direct control DCS system to equipment, raising desulphurization systemNormal operation rate.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this, described flue gas desulphurization process simulation and optimization system, and its feature existsIn comprising:

1) thermal power plant's Wet Fgd By Limestone process simulation model;

2) thermal power plant's Wet Fgd By Limestone process simulation and optimization database;

3) thermal power plant's Wet Fgd By Limestone process simulation and optimization software systems, comprise " server " and " client "Two parts.

Described flue gas desulphurization process simulation and optimization system, is characterized in that described thermal power plant's limestone wet-processFlue gas desulfurization course simulation model comprises flue gas desulfurization technique simplified model and desulfurizing tower equipment simulating model.

Described flue gas desulphurization process simulation and optimization system, is characterized in that described thermal power plant's limestone wet-processFlue gas desulfurization course simulative optimization database comprises taking thermal power plant's Wet Fgd By Limestone process simulation model as basis, with" desulfuration efficiency reaches more than 95% and SO₂Concentration of emission is stable lower than 105mg/L " the multiple-objection optimization data that obtain for target,And the master database of these optimization datas foundation.

Described flue gas desulphurization process simulation and optimization system, is characterized in that described thermal power plant's limestone wet-processFlue gas desulfurization course simulative optimization software systems comprise and have the processing of SIS data receiver, database access and Data Update, optimizationControl model is searched " server " of coupling, control information transmission, log management function, and has that control information receives, control" client " of information demonstration processed, control signal early warning function.

Described flue gas desulphurization process simulation and optimization system, is characterized in that described desulfurizing tower equipment simulating mouldType comprises slurries whereabouts motion model, droplet collision model, SO₂In absorbing model, slurry drops, lime stone dissolves and calcium sulfiteCrystal model.

Described flue gas desulphurization process simulation and optimization system, is characterized in that described " server " database visitAsking about Data Update is taking thermal power plant's Wet Fgd By Limestone process simulation and optimization database as basic optimal control data,Taking actual acquisition have with reference to be worth practical operation data as correction parameter, in real time in correction parameter write into Databasce,And in the time of accessing database, basic optimal control data are revised, when SIS outgoi8ng data, deposit fixing road in CSV formFootpath, server monitoring also reads the data in csv file, and in whois lookup database, the control parameter of optimum Match, concurrentGive client, on the one hand client data, and show, warning prompt; Another convenient service device is differentiated actual controlWhether parameter processed has reference value, if there is write into Databasce, and gets back to server monitoring and reads the data in csv file.

Described flue gas desulphurization process simulation and optimization system, is characterized in that described " server " is in office officeIn territory net, access and provide optimal control information, cause the peaces such as the load of chip is overweight thereby solved direct control DCS systemFull property problem demonstrates in the data of " client " reception " server " the node on actual process control flow chart simultaneouslyCome, for operating personnel's reference.

Described flue gas desulphurization process simulation and optimization system, is characterized in that described " server " optimal controlPattern is searched matching feature and is comprised by access thermal power plant Wet Fgd By Limestone process simulation and optimization database, search withThe match control mode that actual operation parameters is the most close, and propose control suggestion, and by control information sending function dataSend to all clients in LAN.

Described flue gas desulphurization process simulation and optimization system, is characterized in that wrapping in described droplet collision modelThe following assumed conditions and the equation that contain:

1) when drop enters new one deck spraying layer, only there is primary collision;

2）, wherein d_iFor the diameter of drop;

3）, wherein N is every layer of number of drops,Under each drop and last layerThe collision probability of drop falls.

Flue gas desulphurization process simulation and optimization system of the present invention is wet for coal-burning power plant's lime stone-gypsumThe simulative optimization method of method flue gas desulfurization technique, comprises the steps:

1, set up sweetening process Mathematical Modeling

For setting up a flue gas desulfurization model that can instruct engineering practice, from the angle of engineering practice meaning to sweetening processDone simplification, the concrete precondition of model is as follows:

1) suppose that flue gas is in perfect condition, ignore and cause flue gas flow rate because of the evaporation of steam and the absorption of materialChange;

2) slurry drops dropping process is considered with spherical, straight line falling state, influencing each other with surface more between slurry dropsNew effect is considered, with surface open-assembly time reaction. Do not consider to become because evaporation causes the change of slurry drops size and slurry dropsShape is on dragging the impact of force coefficient;

3) SO in flue gas₂、CO₂After entering slurries, exist with hydration sulfur dioxide and hydration form of carbon dioxide respectively, neglectSlightly CO in flue gas₂To CO in slurry drops₂The impact of desorb;

4) in slurry drops, slurry pool, local charge balance and chemical balance reaches instantaneous, and absorb, mass transfer, dissolving,Crystallization and chemical reaction etc. need a process;

5) because the oxygen content in flue gas is not high, and slurry drops time of staying of uptake zone in spray column is limited, because ofThis does not consider autoxidation process;

6) slurry drops dropping process, does not consider the variation of sexavalence sulphur total amount, ignores the CaSO of uptake zone₄Dissolve and crystallizationJourney;

7) think that gas phase flow field, being radially uniformly, only considers gas phase SO in the axial direction₂The variation of concentration. Ignore flue gasIn up process, slurry pool is to SO₂Absorption;

8) suppose to mix in slurry pool;

9) ignore air O in oxidizing process in slurry pool₂The variation of concentration;

According to SO₂(spray district is with down to slurries in tower, in absorption reaction situation, spray absorber to be divided into absorption sectionsThe above region of pond liquid level), oxidation station (slurry pool region)

The basic absorption unit of absorption sections is slurry drops. Slurry drops, in dropping process, is accompanied by SO₂Absorption, liquidDrip the dissolving of sodalime stone, CO₂A series of chemical reaction and the transmittance process such as desorb.

(1) slurry drops whereabouts motion model

Drop decline is used as to the whereabouts of solid spheroid in gas to be processed. In dropping process, liquid drop movement meets:

Wherein: drag coefficient

(2) droplet collision equation

Only consider when drop enters new one deck spraying layer primary collision only occurs, suppose that every layer all has N drop, each liquidDrip and with the collision probability of last layer dripping drops be, there is following equation:

（3）SO₂Absorbing model

SO in slurry drops₂The basic absorption unit of diffusion mass transfer process using slurry drops as spray column describe and absorbedJourney. SO₂Be absorbed on slurry drops surface, mass transfer flux equation formula is:

SO during slurry drips₂Absorption reaction process, total tetravalence sulphur (，，, and) in slurry dripsEquation of change:

Total calcium (，，With) slurry drip in equation of change:

Total carbon (，，With) slurry drip in equation of change:

(4) in slurry drops, lime stone dissolves and calcium sulfite crystal model

Lime stone dissolution velocity reaction equation:

WithPrecipitated crystal equation:

Wherein

Above-mentioned desulfurization model is utilized Fig. 1 computing block diagram programming to calculate can to obtain under certain operating mode in desulfurizing tower to each groupDivide the flow of CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION and each stream thigh. The analog computation of single operating mode is the basis that desulfurization operations is optimized.

2, sweetening process multiple-objection optimization

Multiple objective function general equation is as follows:

In multi-objective optimization question, the weight-sum method of general expression carries out multiple target normalized and obtains:

Set optimal conditions: SO₂When CER maximum, power consumption is minimum, and meet desulfuration efficiency reach certain numerical value orSO₂Concentration of emission is lower than the requirement of a certain setting value. Because this optimal conditions is multiple-objection optimization, therefore adopt the method for weighting to carry outNormalization, using charges for disposing pollutants and the electricity charge as weight, after normalizing, target is economic benefit.

With different flue gas flows, SO₂Entrance concentration, pH value, the combination of smoke inlet pressure are as the artificial operating mode of setting, profitWith the sweetening process model establishing, make it by the unlatching combination that changes each circulation slurry pump. Filter out eachThe operating condition of optimum under individual operating mode.

Optimizing process is also found, even if some operating mode, in the time that each slurry circulating pump all puts into operation, also may occurSO₂Situation that can not qualified discharge. For example loop slurry pH value lower than 5.2 or pH value lower than 5.4 and flue gas in total SO₂MoreTime there will be the situation that can not meet optimal conditions, now should take to regulate the mode of pH to make up, as increase lime stone slurrySupply.

3, set up Optimum Operation database

Choose the working condition that can cover actual condition scope according to reality as far as possible, as

Flue gas flow: lower than 800kNm³/ hr ~ higher than 1500kNm³/ hr, change step 100kNm³/hr；

Smoke inlet SO₂Concentration: lower than 800mg/Nm³~ higher than 5000mg/Nm³, change step 600mg/Nm³；

PH value: lower than 5.2 ~ higher than 5.8, change step 0.2;

Smoke inlet gauge pressure :-1000Pa ~ 1000Pa, change step 200Pa.

By each operating mode combinatorial input Optimized Simulated system, obtain being combined as the excellent of result with the unlatching of each circulation slurry pumpChange operating database. Operating mode combination condition and Optimum Operation database are packaged into a packet. This database comprises when eachWhen individual slurry circulating pump all puts into operation, can't reach the situation of optimal conditions. Such as, when pH value is lower than 5.2, should be immediatelyIncrease the supply of lime stone slurry; PH value should be controlled between 5.4-5.6 as far as possible, to guarantee system optimized operation, ensures de-Sulphur efficiency or outlet flue gas concentration reach related request, and keep the suggestions such as balance between lime stone and power consumption.

4, by process optimization system access thermal power plant ' Office LAN

In conjunction with the control feature of desulphurization system, as time stickiness strong, slurries in solid content highly easily stop up, system interlock protection is tightLattice and system equipment safe operation require high, adopt the SIS acquisition control system data from OA LAN herein, and pass throughWrite Advanced Control Software and provide corresponding system prompt, send appointment by corresponding administrative staff to control room, carry out artificialIntervene and adjust control system.

The implementation procedure of process optimization control comprises following three steps:

1) by SIS database interface, the packing of the data of desulphurization system key parameter, and by certain structural generationCsv file, and be sent under the particular file folder under flowsheeting optimal control server;

2) flowsheeting optimal control server program is responsible for the csv under particular file folder to monitor, if file changesBecome reading out data and further process according to relevant optimal control condition, in the mode of database retrieval, finding couplingRecord, and generate relevant information, the related news of finally broadcasting optimal control in OA LAN, so that client connectsReceive;

3) flowsheeting optimal control client-side program (can be arranged in any computer) receives excellent in Office NetworkChange control information prompting, related management personnel can assign control adjustment instruction according to being prompted to control room.

5, flue gas desulphurization process simulation and optimization systems soft ware

By visual three steps of previous step process optimization control, form exercisable software systems. It is coal steam-electric plant smokeSweetening process simulation optimizing system software, this software is made up of " server " and " client ".

The real time data file of the DCS system that " server " monitoring sends via SIS database, reads the number of renewal in real timeAccording to and analyze, then data and optimum results are sent to " client ". " client " reception is real-time from " server "Data and related advisory, and check for user on " client " software interface. " server " and " client " passes through LANRealize and connecting and user management.

" server " include file monitoring, data read, simulative optimization, data transmission, early warning, log management, useThe modules such as family management. Its major function is that the processing of SIS data receiver, database access and Data Update, optimized Control Mode are looked intoLook for coupling, control information transmission, log management etc. When the file data of server monitoring is changed, and in server journeyIf suggestion adopts differently when tactful after order analysis, server can be reported to the police and be ejected in time a suggestion according to analysis resultFrame. Main interface can show that nearest several have the data of variation, and can in database, record all changes data andRelated advisory. The data of the minority at main interface facilitate user to look back fast nearest historical data, and pass through double-click dataCan check concrete suggestion.

" client " comprise " server " connection, control information reception, control information demonstration, control signal early warning,The modules such as data query, Drawing of Curve, log management. Its major function is inquiry, data aobvious of reception, the data of dataShow, demonstration and the early warning of curve. The content of real-time curve and data query comprise flue gas flow,Entrance concentration, pHValue, pressure, desulfuration efficiency (practical sulphur removal efficiency, estimate desulfuration efficiency, error) andThe real time data of exit concentration etc. becomesChange trend, and can calculate in real time its maximum, minimum of a value and mean value separately. User can also check in one hourHistory curve.

6, simulation optimizing system learning functionality

" server " records real-time working condition data, and records the practical manner with some reference value operating mode, andIn write into Databasce. In the time that next same operating mode occurs, the prompting of optimal control will taking optimization data in database as basis,Adopt the collected historical reference data of database to proofread and correct, and be prompted to operating personnel. Through after a period of time, Yuan XianmoThe Optimum Operation database that plan calculates will further be optimized.

Innovation point of the present invention is, the present invention is made up of server and client side. First set up lime stone-gypsumWet process of FGD model, realizes the simulation of sweetening process, with multiple target normalization optimization by manually set operating mode carry outOptimized Simulated filters out operating condition optimum under each operating mode and is packaged into an Optimum Operation database. Server monitoring viaThe real time data file of DCS system that SIS database sends, and in the mode of database retrieval, find Optimum Operation databaseIn matched record, then real time data and related advisory are sent to client and check for user. Server and client side is logicalCross LAN and realize connection and user management. Native system provides optimal control platform for heat-engine plant desulfurized system, direct behaviour notDo in the situation of DCS system, for operating personnel provide suggestion for operation and the early warning of optimization, thereby improve the normal fortune of desulphurization systemRate of rotation, desulfuration efficiency and SO₂Concentration of emission compliance rate.

Technology beneficial effect of the present invention:

1, set out and set up basic sweetening process model with theoretical model, can be adapted to greatest extent each thermal power plant.

2, operation conditions optimization is packaged into database, in practical application, only mates in the mode of searching, be quick on the draw, reduceThe sluggishness causing due to analog computation.

3, " server " simulation optimizing system is positioned on host server, " client " place PC is not bornOptimize calculation task, receive only " server " data.

4, software interface is simple to operate, and data are easy to connect. Only doing an Optimized Matching can share to acquired resultsPC, convenient operation personnel and administrative staff manage jointly.

5, " client " only provides data query and suggestion for operation, avoids the impact of direct control DCS system to equipment.

6, the data of " server " can be checked by " client " or browser, convenient management.

7, after simulation optimizing system and the abundant break-in of specific desulphurization plant, learning, simulation optimizing system can be accessed to DCSOperating system, realizes automation mechanized operation.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is SO of the present invention₂Absorbing model entirety programming computing block diagram.

Fig. 2 is client end interface figure of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is client analytic curve example: inlet flue gas flow desulfuration efficiency optimized relation curve map.

Fig. 4 is the main surface chart of server.

Fig. 5 is server Suggestion box exemplary graph.

Detailed description of the invention

Flue gas desulphurization process simulation and optimization system is for coal-burning power plant's lime stone-gypsum wet flue gas desulfurizing workThe simulative optimization method of skill, comprises the steps:

1, set up sweetening process Mathematical Modeling

The concrete precondition of flue gas desulfurization model is as follows:

1) suppose that flue gas is in perfect condition, ignore and cause flue gas flow rate because of the evaporation of steam and the absorption of materialChange;

2) slurry drops dropping process is considered with spherical, straight line falling state, influencing each other with surface more between slurry dropsNew effect is considered, with surface open-assembly time reaction; Do not consider to become because evaporation causes the change of slurry drops size and slurry dropsShape is on dragging the impact of force coefficient;

3) SO in flue gas₂、CO₂After entering slurries, exist with hydration sulfur dioxide and hydration form of carbon dioxide respectively, neglectSlightly CO in flue gas₂To CO in slurry drops₂The impact of desorb;

4) in slurry drops, slurry pool, local charge balance and chemical balance reaches instantaneous, and absorb, mass transfer, dissolving,Crystallization and chemical reaction etc. need a process;

5) because the oxygen content in flue gas is not high, and slurry drops time of staying of uptake zone in spray column is limited, because ofThis does not consider autoxidation process;

6) slurry drops dropping process, does not consider the variation of sexavalence sulphur total amount, ignores the CaSO of uptake zone₄Dissolve and crystallizationJourney;

7) think that gas phase flow field, being radially uniformly, only considers gas phase SO in the axial direction₂The variation of concentration; Ignore flue gasIn up process, slurry pool is to SO₂Absorption;

8) suppose to mix in slurry pool;

9) ignore air O in oxidizing process in slurry pool₂The variation of concentration;

According to SO₂In tower, in absorption reaction situation, spray absorber is divided into absorption sections, oxidation station;

The basic absorption unit of absorption sections is slurry drops; Slurry drops, in dropping process, is accompanied by SO₂Absorption, liquidDrip the dissolving of sodalime stone, CO₂A series of chemical reaction and the transmittance process such as desorb;

(5) slurry drops whereabouts motion model

Drop decline is used as to the whereabouts of solid spheroid in gas to be processed; In dropping process, liquid drop movement meets:

Wherein: drag coefficient

(6) droplet collision equation

Only consider when drop enters new one deck spraying layer primary collision only occurs, suppose that every layer all has N drop, each liquidDrip and with the collision probability of last layer dripping drops be, there is following equation:

（7）SO₂Absorbing model

SO in slurry drops₂The basic absorption unit of diffusion mass transfer process using slurry drops as spray column describe and absorbedJourney; SO₂Be absorbed on slurry drops surface, mass transfer flux equation formula is:

SO during slurry drips₂Absorption reaction process, total tetravalence sulphur (SO₂，HSO^- ₃，SO^2- ₃, and CaSO₄) in the variation of starching in drippingEquation:

Total calcium (，，With) slurry drip in equation of change:

Total carbon (，，With) slurry drip in equation of change:

(8) in slurry drops, lime stone dissolves and calcium sulfite crystal model

Lime stone dissolution velocity reaction equation:

With precipitated crystal equation:

Wherein

Above-mentioned desulfurization model is utilized the entirety programming of Fig. 1 absorbing model to calculate can to obtain under certain operating mode in desulfurizing towerEach concentration of component distributes and each flow that flows thigh; The analog computation of single operating mode is the basis that desulfurization operations is optimized;

2, sweetening process multiple-objection optimization

Multiple objective function general equation is as follows:

In multi-objective optimization question, the weight-sum method of general expression carries out multiple target normalized and obtains:

Set optimal conditions: SO₂When CER maximum, power consumption is minimum, and meet desulfuration efficiency reach certain numerical value orSO₂Concentration of emission is lower than the requirement of a certain setting value; Adopt the method for weighting to carry out normalization, using charges for disposing pollutants and the electricity charge as powerHeavy;

With different flue gas flows, SO₂Entrance concentration, pH value, the combination of smoke inlet pressure are as the artificial operating mode of setting, profitWith the sweetening process model establishing, make it by the unlatching combination that changes each circulation slurry pump; Filter out eachThe operating condition of optimum under individual operating mode;

3, set up Optimum Operation database

Choose the working condition that can cover actual condition scope according to reality as far as possible,

Flue gas flow: lower than 800kNm³/ hr ~ higher than 1500kNm³/ hr, change step 100kNm³/hr；

Smoke inlet SO₂Concentration: lower than 800mg/Nm³~ higher than 5000mg/Nm³, change step 600mg/Nm³；

PH value: lower than 5.2 ~ higher than 5.8, change step 0.2;

Smoke inlet gauge pressure :-1000Pa ~ 1000Pa, change step 200Pa;

By each operating mode combinatorial input Optimized Simulated system, obtain being combined as the excellent of result with the unlatching of each circulation slurry pumpChange operating database; Operating mode combination condition and Optimum Operation database are packaged into a packet; This database comprises when eachWhen individual slurry circulating pump all puts into operation, can't reach the situation of optimal conditions; When pH value is lower than 5.2, should increase immediatelyThe supply of lime stone slurry; PH value should be controlled between 5.4-5.6 as far as possible, to guarantee system optimized operation, ensures desulfurization effectRate or outlet flue gas concentration reach related request, and keep the suggestions such as balance between lime stone and power consumption;

4, by process optimization system access thermal power plant ' Office LAN

Adopt the SIS acquisition control system data from OA LAN, and provide corresponding by writing Advanced Control SoftwareSystem prompt, send appointment by corresponding administrative staff to control room, carry out manual intervention adjust control system;

The implementation procedure of process optimization control comprises following three steps:

1) by SIS database interface, the packing of the data of desulphurization system key parameter, and by certain structural generationCsv file, and be sent under the particular file folder under flowsheeting optimal control server;

2) flowsheeting optimal control server program is responsible for the csv under particular file folder to monitor, if file changesBecome reading out data and further process according to relevant optimal control condition, in the mode of database retrieval, finding couplingRecord, and generate relevant information, the related news of finally broadcasting optimal control in OA LAN, so that client connectsReceive;

3) flowsheeting optimal control client-side program receives optimal control information indicating, related management in Office NetworkPersonnel can assign control adjustment instruction according to being prompted to control room;

5, flue gas desulphurization process simulation and optimization systems soft ware

By visual three steps of previous step process optimization control, form exercisable flue gas desulphurization process simulationOptimization system software, this software is made up of " server " and " client ";

The real time data file of the DCS system that " server " monitoring sends via SIS database, reads the number of renewal in real timeAccording to and analyze, then data and optimum results are sent to " client "; " client " reception is real-time from " server "Data and related advisory, and check for user on " client " software interface; " server " and " client " passes through LANRealize and connecting and user management;

" server " include file monitoring, data read, simulative optimization, data transmission, early warning, log management, useFamily administration module; Search coupling, control for the processing of SIS data receiver, database access and Data Update, optimized Control ModeInformation sends, log management; When the file data of server monitoring is changed, and if after server program analysisSuggestion adopts different when tactful, and server can be reported to the police and be ejected in time a Suggestion box according to analysis result; Main interface can showShow that nearest several have the data of variation, and can in database, record data and the related advisory of all changes; Main boundaryThe data of the minority of face facilitate user to look back fast nearest historical data, and can check concrete by double-click dataSuggestion;

" client " comprise " server " connection, control information reception, control information demonstration, control signal early warning,Data query, Drawing of Curve, log management module; Aobvious for the demonstration of the inquiry of the reception of data, data, data, curveShow and early warning, the content of real-time curve and data query comprises flue gas flow, SO₂Entrance concentration, pH value, pressure, desulfurizationEfficiency and SO₂The real time data variation tendency of exit concentration etc., and can calculate in real time its maximum, minimum of a value peace separatelyAverage; User can also check that one hour with interior history curve;

6, simulation optimizing system learning functionality

" server " records real-time working condition data, and records the practical manner with some reference value operating mode, andIn write into Databasce; In the time that next same operating mode occurs, the prompting of optimal control will taking optimization data in database as basis,Adopt the collected historical reference data of database to proofread and correct, and be prompted to operating personnel; Through after a period of time, Yuan XianmoThe Optimum Operation database that plan calculates will further be optimized.

Embodiment

For four layers of spray fume desulfurating absorption tower of 4 slurry circulating pumps of a configuration. The fluctuation range of flue gas flowBe 800 ~ 1500kNm³/ hr. Smoke inlet SO₂Fluctuation of concentration scope is 800 ~ 5000mg/Nm³. The fluctuation of smoke inlet gauge pressureScope is-1000 ~ 1000Pa.

1, set up Optimum Operation database

By specification is write sweetening process computation model.

Set optimization aim: SO according to the binding indicators such as relevant desulfurization policy, discharge standards₂When CER maximumPower consumption is minimum, and meets desulfuration efficiency and reach 95% or SO₂Concentration of emission is lower than the requirement of 105mg/L. Adopt the method for weighting to returnOne processes, and using charges for disposing pollutants and the electricity charge as weight, after normalizing, target is economic benefit.

Set main fluctuation of operating conditions scope and change step:

Flue gas flow: lower than 800kNm³/ hr ~ higher than 1500kNm³/ hr, change step 100kNm³/hr；

Smoke inlet SO₂Concentration: lower than 800mg/Nm³~ higher than 5000mg/Nm³, change step 600mg/Nm³；

PH value: lower than 5.2 ~ higher than 5.8, change step 0.2;

Smoke inlet gauge pressure :-1000Pa ~ 1000Pa, change step 200Pa.

With different flue gas flows, SO₂Entrance concentration, pH value, smoke inlet pressure combine as base regime, utilize and set upGood sweetening process model, makes it by the unlatching combination that changes four circulation slurry pumps. Filter out each operating modeThe operating condition of lower optimum.

By each operating mode combinatorial input Optimized Simulated system, obtain being combined as the excellent of result with the unlatching of four circulation slurry pumpsChange operating database. Operating mode combination condition and Optimum Operation database are packaged into a packet. This database comprises when eachWhen individual slurry circulating pump all puts into operation, can't reach the situation of optimal conditions. Such as, when pH value is lower than 5.2, should be immediatelyIncrease the supply of lime stone slurry; PH value should be controlled between 5.4-5.6 as far as possible, to guarantee system optimized operation, ensures de-Sulphur efficiency or outlet flue gas concentration reach related request, and keep the suggestions such as balance between lime stone and power consumption.

2, by process optimization system access commercial plant

1) by SIS database interface, the packing of the data of desulphurization system key parameter, and by certain structural generationCsv file, and be sent under the particular file folder under flowsheeting optimal control server;

2) flowsheeting optimal control server program is responsible for the csv under particular file folder to monitor, if file changesBecome reading out data and further process according to relevant optimal control condition, in the mode of database retrieval, finding and optimize behaviourThe record of doing to mate in database, and generate relevant information, the related news of finally broadcasting optimal control in OA LAN, withJust client receives;

3) flowsheeting optimal control client-side program (can be arranged in any computer) receives excellent in Office NetworkChange control information prompting, related management personnel can assign control adjustment instruction according to being prompted to control room.

3, client end interface operation

Flue gas desulphurization process simulation and optimization system client receive the real time data that sends over from server andRelated advisory. In client, real time data is presented to the corresponding position of Background, main interface, as shown in Figure 2.

(1) client can be arranged into the multiple main frames in LAN, only need be in " system/connection ... " when use rightWords frame, the IP address of input server place main frame, connects. While not needing the data of reception server, by " system/Disconnect ... " can disconnect by bullet.

(2) client provides real-time curve chart and real time data list, in real-time curve chart, can check easily realityTime data variation trend, this data corresponding with real-time curve are stored in real time data list, can for check concreteNumerical value. Real-time curve can be checked and comprise flue gas flow, SO₂Entrance concentration, pH value, pressure, desulfuration efficiency (practical sulphur removal efficiency,Estimate desulfuration efficiency, error) and SO₂The real time data variation tendency of exit concentration etc., and can calculate in real time it separatelyLarge value, minimum of a value and mean value. History curve, can allow user check that one hour with interior history curve. Check in parameterHold same real-time curve.

(3) client is analyzed menu. The main four group system characteristic curves that show, comprise that flue gas flow desulfuration efficiency relation is excellentChange curve, entrance SO₂Concentration desulfuration efficiency optimized relation curve, pH desulfuration efficiency optimized relation curve and inlet flue gas pressure are de-Sulphur efficiency optimized relation curve. For example, by " analysis/flue gas flow desulfuration efficiency optimized relation curve ... " can eject " cigaretteThroughput desulfuration efficiency optimized relation curve " dialog box, by clicking the tab in dialog box, can check concrete systemCharacteristic curve. As shown in Figure 3.

4, server interface operation

Flue gas desulphurization process simulation and optimization system server, the real time data file of server on monitoring host computer,In the time that the data in monitored file have renewal, server can read the data analysis of renewal, then by real time dataSending to client with the result of analyzing shows. In the time that the analysis result of adjacent twice changes, server can be recordedThis causes that the real time data of variation and relevant analysis result (and relevant suggestion) are in database. Can in serverThe data of query history and relevant suggestion thereof at any time. In addition, server has also been realized simple user management, client-side managementEtc. function. If Fig. 4 is the main interface of server.

(1) demonstration of left-hand column bezel, cluster can cause the real time data that analysis result changes. When the file data of server monitoringChange, and if after server program analysis suggestion adopt differently when tactful, server can be reported to the police and basisAnalysis result ejects a Suggestion box in time. Main interface can show that nearest several have the data of variation, and can be in databaseRecord all data and related advisorys that have variation. The data of the minority at main interface facilitate user to look back fast nearest historyData, and can check concrete suggestion by double-click data, as shown in Figure 5.

(2) right-hand column bezel, cluster shows online client. All clients that are connected with server all can be at this list boxMiddle demonstration, server can manage client wherein. By double-clicking the IP address in list box, server can breakOpen corresponding client.

It should be noted that: the unrestricted technical scheme of the present invention in order to explanation only above, although with reference to above-mentioned enforcementExample has been described in detail the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: still can repair the present inventionChange or be equal to replacement, and not departing from any modification or partial replacement of the spirit and scope of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in thisIn the middle of the claim scope of invention.

Claims (1)

1. a flue gas desulphurization process simulation and optimization system is for coal-burning power plant's lime stone one gypsum wet flue gas desulfurizingThe simulative optimization method of technique, comprises the steps:

1, set up sweetening process Mathematical Modeling

The concrete precondition of flue gas desulfurization model is as follows:

1) suppose that flue gas is in perfect condition, ignore and cause changing of flue gas flow rate because of the evaporation of steam and the absorption of materialBecome;

2) slurry drops dropping process is considered with spherical, straight line falling state, between slurry drops, influences each other with Surface RenewalEffect is considered, with surface open-assembly time reaction; Do not consider because of evaporation cause the change of slurry drops size and slurry drops distortion rightDrag the impact of force coefficient;

3) SO in flue gas₂、CO₂After entering slurries, exist with hydration sulfur dioxide and hydration form of carbon dioxide respectively, ignore cigaretteCO in gas₂To CO in slurry drops₂The impact of desorb;

4) in slurry drops, slurry pool, local charge balance and chemical balance reaches instantaneous, and absorb, mass transfer, dissolving, crystallizationAnd chemical reaction needs a process;

5) because the oxygen content in flue gas is not high, and slurry drops time of staying of uptake zone in spray column is not limited, therefore notConsider autoxidation process;

6) slurry drops dropping process, does not consider the variation of sexavalence sulphur total amount, ignores the CaSO of uptake zone₄Dissolve and crystallization process;

7) think that gas phase flow field, being radially uniformly, only considers gas phase SO in the axial direction₂The variation of concentration; Ignore flue gas upIn process, slurry pool is to SO₂Absorption;

8) suppose to mix in slurry pool;

9) ignore air O in oxidizing process in slurry pool₂The variation of concentration;

According to SO₂In tower, in absorption reaction situation, spray absorber is divided into absorption sections, oxidation station;

The basic absorption unit of absorption sections is slurry drops; Slurry drops, in dropping process, is accompanied by SO₂Absorption, drop in stoneLime stone dissolves, CO₂The a series of chemical reaction of desorb and transmittance process;

(1) slurry drops whereabouts motion model

Drop decline is used as to the whereabouts of solid spheroid in gas to be processed; In dropping process, liquid drop movement meets:

$\frac{{\mathrm{du}}_d}{\mathrm{dt}}=g\left(\frac{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_d-{\mathrm{\ρ}}_g}{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_d}\right)-\frac{3}{4}\left[\frac{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_g{(u_d-u_g)}^2{C}_d}{{\mathrm{\ρ}}_{d}d}\right]$

Wherein: drag coefficient $C_d=\frac{24}{{\mathrm{Re}}_d}(1+0.125{\mathrm{Re}}_d^{0.72}),{\mathrm{Re}}_d=\frac{d|u_d-u_g|{\mathrm{\ρ}}_g}{{\mathrm{\μ}}_g}$

(2) droplet collision equation

Only consider when drop enters new one deck spraying layer primary collision only occurs, suppose that every layer all has N drop, each drop withThe collision probability of last layer dripping drops is P_j, there is following equation:

$d_i=\sqrt[3]{d_i^3+d_{i-1}^3}$

$N_i=(i-\underset{j=1}{\overset{i}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{P}_j)N$

(3)SO₂Absorbing model

SO in slurry drops₂The basic absorption unit of diffusion mass transfer process using slurry drops as spray column absorption process is described;SO₂Be absorbed on slurry drops surface, mass transfer flux equation formula is:

$N_{{\mathrm{SO}}_2}=K_G(P_{{\mathrm{SO}}_2}-\frac{C_{{\mathrm{SO}}_2}}{H_{{\mathrm{SO}}_2}})$

$K_G=\frac{1}{(\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\κ}}_G}+\frac{1}{{\mathrm{\β}}_{{\mathrm{SO}}_2}{H}_{{\mathrm{SO}}_2}{\mathrm{\κ}}_L})}$

SO during slurry drips₂Absorption reaction process, the equation of change during total tetravalence sulphur slurry drips:

$\frac{\∂C_{S\left(\mathrm{IV}\right)}}{\∂t}=\frac{1}{r^2}\underset{k=1}{\overset{4}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\▿(r^2{D}_k\▿C_k)-r_{c,{\mathrm{CaSO}}_3};$

The equation of change of total calcium in slurry drips:

$\frac{\∂C_{\mathrm{Ca}}}{\∂t}=\underset{k=1}{\overset{4}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\frac{1}{r^2}\▿(r^2{D}_k\▿C_k)+r_{d,{\mathrm{CaCO}}_3}-r_{c,{\mathrm{CaSO}}_3},$ Total calcium is Ca²⁺，CaSO₃，CaSO₄WithCaCO₃；

The equation of change of total carbon in slurry drips:

$\frac{\∂C_C}{\∂t}=\underset{k=1}{\overset{4}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\frac{1}{r^2}\▿(r^2{D}_k\▿C_k)+r_{d,{\mathrm{CaCO}}_3};$ Total carbon isH₂CO₃And CaCO₃；

(4) in slurry drops, lime stone dissolves and calcium sulfite crystal model

Lime stone dissolution velocity reaction equation:

$r_{d,{\mathrm{CaCO}}_3}=k_{d,{\mathrm{CaCO}}_3}({\mathrm{RS}}_{{\mathrm{CaCO}}_3}-1)$

Wherein ${\mathrm{RS}}_{{\mathrm{CaCO}}_3}=\frac{C_{{\mathrm{Ca}}^{2-}}+C_{{\mathrm{CO}}_3^{2-}}}{K_{\mathrm{CP}}}$

CaSO₃And CaSO₄Precipitated crystal equation:

$r_{c,{\mathrm{CaSO}}_3}=1.62\×{10}^{-4}\exp \left(\frac{-5153}{T}\right){({\mathrm{RS}}_{{\mathrm{CaSO}}_3}-1)}^n\frac{A}{{\mathrm{RS}}_{{\mathrm{CaSO}}_4}}$

${\mathrm{RS}}_{{\mathrm{CaSO}}_3}=\frac{C_{{\mathrm{Ca}}^{2-}}+C_{{\mathrm{SO}}_3^{2-}}}{K_{\mathrm{SP}1}},{\mathrm{RS}}_{{\mathrm{CaSO}}_4}=\frac{C_{{\mathrm{Ca}}^{2-}}+C_{{\mathrm{SO}}_4^{2-}}}{K_{\mathrm{SP}2}}$

Wherein

Above-mentioned desulfurization model is utilized the entirety programming of Fig. 1 absorbing model to calculate can to obtain under certain operating mode in desulfurizing tower to each groupDivide the flow of CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION and each stream thigh; The analog computation of single operating mode is the basis that desulfurization operations is optimized;

2, sweetening process multiple-objection optimization

Multiple objective function general equation is as follows:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}\max [f_1\left(x\right),f_2\left(x\right),...,f_m\left(x\right)]\\ s.t.g_j\left(x\right)\≤0\end{array}\right.$

In multi-objective optimization question, the weight-sum method of general expression carries out multiple target normalized and obtains:

f(x)＝λ₁f₁(x)+λ₂f₂(x)+...+λ_mf_m(x)

Set optimal conditions: SO₂When CER maximum, power consumption is minimum, and meets desulfuration efficiency and reach certain numerical value or SO₂RowPut the requirement of concentration lower than a certain setting value; Adopt the method for weighting to carry out normalization, using charges for disposing pollutants and the electricity charge as weight;

With different flue gas flows, SO₂Entrance concentration, pH value, the combination of smoke inlet pressure are as the artificial operating mode of setting, and utilization is builtThe sweetening process model having stood, makes it by the unlatching combination that changes each circulation slurry pump; Filter out each workThe operating condition of optimum under condition;

3, set up Optimum Operation database

Choose the working condition that can cover actual condition scope according to reality as far as possible,

Flue gas flow: lower than 800kNm³/ hr～higher than 1500kNm³/ hr, change step 100kNm³/hr；

Smoke inlet SO₂Concentration: lower than 800mg/Nm³～higher than 5000mg/Nm³, change step 600mg/Nm³；

PH value: lower than 5.2～higher than 5.8, change step 0.2;

Smoke inlet gauge pressure :-1000Pa～1000Pa, change step 200Pa;

By each operating mode combinatorial input Optimized Simulated system, obtain being combined as with the unlatching of each circulation slurry pump the optimization behaviour of resultMake database; Operating mode combination condition and Optimum Operation database are packaged into a packet; This database comprises when each slurryWhen liquid circulating pump all puts into operation, can't reach the situation of optimal conditions: when pH value is lower than 5.2, should increase immediately limeThe supply of stone slurries; PH value should be controlled between 5.4-5.6 as far as possible, to guarantee system optimized operation, ensure desulfuration efficiency orOutlet flue gas concentration reaches related request, and keeps the balance suggestion between lime stone and power consumption;

4, by process optimization system access thermal power plant ' Office LAN

Adopt the SIS acquisition control system data from OA LAN, and provide corresponding system by writing Advanced Control SoftwareSystem prompting, sends appointment by corresponding administrative staff to control room, carries out manual intervention and adjusts control system;

The implementation procedure of process optimization control comprises following three steps:

1) by SIS database interface, the packing of the data of desulphurization system key parameter, and by certain structural generation csv literary compositionPart, and be sent under the particular file folder under flowsheeting optimal control server;

2) flowsheeting optimal control server program is responsible for the csv under particular file folder to monitor, if file changesReading out data is also further processed according to relevant optimal control condition, in the mode of database retrieval, finds the record of coupling,And generating relevant information, the related news of finally broadcasting optimal control in OA LAN, so that client receives;

3) flowsheeting optimal control client-side program receives optimal control information indicating in Office Network, and related management personnel canAssign control adjustment instruction according to being prompted to control room;

5, flue gas desulphurization process simulation and optimization systems soft ware

By visual three steps of previous step process optimization control, form exercisable flue gas desulphurization process simulation and optimizationSystems soft ware, this software is made up of " server " and " client ";

The real time data file of the DCS system that " server " monitoring sends via SIS database, reads the data of renewal also in real timeAnalyze, then data and optimum results are sent to " client "; " client " receives the real time data from " server "And related advisory, and check for user on " client " software interface; " server " and " client " realized by LANConnect and user management;

" server " include file monitoring, data read, simulative optimization, data transmission, early warning, log management, Yong HuguanReason module; Search coupling, control information for the processing of SIS data receiver, database access and Data Update, optimized Control ModeTransmission, log management; When the file data of server monitoring is changed, and if suggestion after server program analysisAdopt differently when tactful, server can be reported to the police and be ejected in time a Suggestion box according to analysis result; Main interface can showNear several have the data of variation, and can in database, record data and the related advisory of all changes; Main interfaceThe data of minority facilitate user to look back fast nearest historical data, and can check concrete building by double-click dataView;

" client " comprises " server " connection, control information reception, control information demonstration, control signal early warning, dataInquiry, Drawing of Curve, log management module; For the demonstration of the demonstration of the inquiry of the reception of data, data, data, curve andEarly warning, the content of real-time curve and data query comprises flue gas flow, SO₂Entrance concentration, pH value, pressure, desulfuration efficiencyAnd SO₂The real time data variation tendency of exit concentration, and can calculate in real time its maximum, minimum of a value and mean value separately;User can also check that one hour with interior history curve;

6, simulation optimizing system learning functionality

" server " records real-time working condition data, and record has the practical manner of some reference value operating mode, and writesIn database; In the time that next same operating mode occurs, the prompting of optimal control will, taking optimization data in database as basis, adoptThe collected historical reference data of database are proofreaied and correct, and are prompted to operating personnel; Through after a period of time, original simulation meterThe Optimum Operation database obtaining will further be optimized;

7, by process optimization system access commercial plant

1) by SIS database interface, the packing of the data of desulphurization system key parameter, and by certain structural generation csv literary compositionPart, and be sent under the particular file folder under flowsheeting optimal control server;

2) flowsheeting optimal control server program is responsible for the csv under particular file folder to monitor, if file changesReading out data is also further processed according to relevant optimal control condition, in the mode of database retrieval, finds Optimum Operation numberAccording to the record mating in storehouse, and generate relevant information, the related news of finally broadcasting optimal control in OA LAN, so that objectiveFamily end receives;

3) flowsheeting optimal control client-side program can be arranged in any computer, receives optimal control in Office NetworkInformation indicating, related management personnel can assign control adjustment instruction according to being prompted to control room;

Client end interface operation

Flue gas desulphurization process simulation and optimization system client receives the real time data sending over from server and is correlated withSuggestion, is presented at the corresponding position of Background, main interface in client by real time data;

(1) client can be arranged into the multiple main frames in LAN, only need be in " system/connection ... " when use dialog box,The IP address of input server place main frame, connects, while not needing the data of reception server, by " system/disconnectedOpen ... " can disconnect by bullet;

(2) client provides real-time curve chart and real time data list, can check easily real-time in real-time curve chartData variation trend, this data corresponding with real-time curve are stored in real time data list, can supply to check concrete numerical value,Real-time curve can be checked and comprise flue gas flow, SO₂Entrance concentration, pH value, pressure, desulfuration efficiency and SO₂The real-time number of exit concentrationAccording to variation tendency, and can calculate in real time its maximum, minimum of a value and mean value separately, history curve, can allow user look intoSee that one hour with interior history curve, check the same real-time curve of content of parameter;

(3) client is analyzed menu, mainly shows four group system characteristic curves, comprises flue gas flow desulfuration efficiency optimized relation songLine, entrance SO₂Concentration desulfuration efficiency optimized relation curve, pH desulfuration efficiency optimized relation curve and inlet flue gas pressure desulfurization effectRate optimized relation curve, by " analysis/flue gas flow desulfuration efficiency optimized relation curve ... " can eject " flue gas flow desulfurizationRelationship between efficiency Optimal Curve " dialog box, by clicking the tab in dialog box, can check concrete system performance curve;

Server interface operation

Flue gas desulphurization process simulation and optimization system server, on monitoring host computer, the real time data file of server, works as quiltData in the file of monitoring are while having renewal, and server can read the data analysis of renewal, then by real time data and pointThe result of analysing sends to client and shows, in the time that the analysis result of adjacent twice changes, server can be recorded thisCause that the real time data of variation and relevant analysis result and relevant suggestion, in database, can look at any time in serverAsk historical data and relevant suggestion thereof, server has also been realized simple user management, client-side management function;

(1) when the file data of server monitoring is changed, and if advise adopting not after server program analysisWith tactful time, server can be reported to the police and be ejected in time a Suggestion box according to analysis result, main interface can show nearest severalBar has the data of variation, and can in database, record data and the related advisory of all variations, the data of the minority at main interfaceFacilitate user to look back fast nearest historical data, and can check concrete suggestion by double-click data;

(2) all clients that are connected with server all can show in this list box, and server can be to client whereinManage, by double-clicking the IP address in list box, server can disconnect corresponding client.