CN102580493B - Flue gas demercuration system and method based on discharge and activation of halogen materials - Google Patents
Flue gas demercuration system and method based on discharge and activation of halogen materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN102580493B CN102580493B CN201210045064.4A CN201210045064A CN102580493B CN 102580493 B CN102580493 B CN 102580493B CN 201210045064 A CN201210045064 A CN 201210045064A CN 102580493 B CN102580493 B CN 102580493B
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- mercury
- flue gas
- discharge reactor
- family material
- halogen
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Abstract
The invention discloses a flue gas demercuration system and method based on the discharge and activation of halogen materials. The system comprises a pretreatment device, a dedusting device and an absorption device which are used to treat the flue gas in turn, wherein a halogen material activation device is arranged between the pretreatment device and the dedusting device, and the halogen material activation device is provided with a nozzle and a discharge reactor. The halogen material activation device injects a halogen material in the flue gas, the halogen material is activated through high voltage discharge; and after the mercury in the elementary state, of the flue gas is converted to mercury in the oxidation state and mercury in the particulate state, dedusting and absorbing are performed to remove the mercury in the oxidation state and the mercury in the particulate state. The system disclosed by the invention can effectively utilize the existing flue gas purification device to reduce the demercuration cost and increase the demercuration efficiency and the dedusting efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental protection/waste gas purification technical field, be specifically related to a kind of discharge activation halogen family material that passes through, gaseous mercury is oxidized to and easily removes form the flue gas mercury removal system removing and method.
Background technology
Mercury (Hg) pollutant volatility is high, stable in properties, can affect human nervous system, renal function, simultaneously also can contaminated soil and water body.In gaseous state, mercury has three kinds of forms: element mercury Hg
0(gaseous state), oxidation state mercury Hg
2+(gaseous state), particle adheres to mercury Hg
p(solid-state).Hg
0high volatility, not soluble in water, extremely difficult removal in industrial process, and Hg
2+and Hg
pcan in the fume dust remover in exhanst gas outlet downstream and flue gas desulfur device (flue gas desulfurization, FGD), be removed, the mercury element in fossil fuel can follow its combustion process to enter atmosphere with gas phase form.
China's dedusting, desulphurization and denitration complete set of equipments are complete, and existing flue gas purification system generally includes the pretreatment units such as heat exchanger, and dust arrester and absorption plant.Flue gas is discharged from boiler 1 as shown in Figure 1, passes through successively pretreatment unit 2, and dust arrester 5 and absorption plant 8 are processed.In figure, dust arrester 5 is electric cleaner, and in electric cleaner, flue dust, oxidation state mercury, particle mercury all can, by charged collection under high-voltage corona effect, be discharged from electric duster ash bucket 7.Flue gas after dedusting enters absorption plant 8 again, shown in figure, is desulfuration absorbing tower, and oxidation state, particle mercury remaining in flue gas are absorbed in absorption tower, is together discharged from absorption accessory substance.Flue gas after demercuration, through demister 9, is discharged from chimney 10.Visible existing flue gas purification system can only remove oxidation state mercury and particle adheres to mercury, cannot remove gaseous elementary mercury.
Yet the Coal Gasification of Main Coal Species of China's fire coal is brown coal, the mercury that brown coal produce is with element state Hg
0be main.Therefore, at present gaseous mercury remove still with the Forms Transformation of element mercury and at a low price oxidant be developed as research emphasis.How to utilize existing flue gas dust collecting system effectively to remove gaseous mercury, improving demercuration efficiency is to need at present the problem of solution.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the problem that effectively removes the gaseous mercury in flue gas for solving, provide that a kind of efficiency is high, cost is low, utilize discharge activation halogen family material, be oxidized and remove flue gas mercury removal system and the method for gaseous mercury, can effectively remove the mercury in flue gas.
A kind of flue gas mercury removal system based on discharge activation halogen family material, comprise pretreatment unit, dust arrester, the absorption plant successively flue gas processed, and be arranged at the halogen family material activating apparatus between described pretreatment unit and dust arrester, described halogen family material activating apparatus includes housing, and the flue that is positioned at described housing two ends, in described housing, be provided with discharge reactor, in described discharge reactor or the flue being positioned at before it be provided with nozzle.
Described discharge reactor can be taked the discharge types such as dielectric barrier discharge, glow discharge or corona discharge; Discharge reactor is connected with high voltage source for its power supply, and described high voltage source is positive and negative pulsed high voltage generator or high-frequency ac high voltage source or alternating current-direct current stack high voltage source or DC stacked positive and negative pulsed high voltage generator or DC high-voltage power supply.
Described discharge reactor adopts dielectric barrier discharge reactor, and dielectric impedance reactor comprises high-pressure stage and earthing pole, in the middle of described high-pressure stage and earthing pole, by dielectric layer, separates.Described dielectric barrier discharge reactor is the board-like dielectric barrier discharge reactor of plate, described earthing pole and dielectric layer and high pressure are very dull and stereotyped, high-pressure stage is attached on dielectric layer flat board, earthing pole flat board and the dull and stereotyped parallel placement of dielectric layer, between described earthing pole flat board and dielectric layer flat board, leave space, for flue gas, pass through and electric discharge.Described ground connection pole plate can be set to bilayer, and cooling pipe is set in layer, arranges that cooling water or cold gas are used for dispelling the heat.The board-like dielectric impedance reactor of described plate can be used for level, uprush etc., is convenient to directly in flue, transform.
Preferably, described dielectric barrier discharge reactor is line cartridge type dielectric barrier discharge reactor, described earthing pole and dielectric layer are attached together to form is convenient to the passage that flue gas passes through, described earthing pole is positioned at the skin of passage, described dielectric layer is positioned at the internal layer of passage, described high pressure is high-pressure stage line very, is positioned at the place, axis of the passage of described earthing pole and dielectric layer formation.Outside described discharge reactor or in dielectric layer, cooling pipe be can be provided with, cooling water or cold gas arranged, for cooling described discharge reactor.Described line cartridge type dielectric impedance structure of reactor is compact, is used for uprush flue, when gas speed is higher, also can be used for horizontal gas flow.
Described discharge reactor can be also corona discharge reactor, high-pressure stage and a plurality of earthing pole, consists of, and high-pressure stage, between earthing pole, leaves discharging gap between high-pressure stage and earthing pole, and preferred discharging gap is 200mm.
A flue gas hydrargyrum-removing method based on discharge activation halogen family material, comprises the steps:
(1) halogen family material is mixed with mercury fume;
(2) under aerobic gas condition, by electrion, activate halogen family material, make elemental mercury in flue gas form oxidation state mercury and particle adheres to mercury;
(3) carry out dedusting and absorbing and removing oxidation state mercury and particle and adhere to mercury.
The principle that the present invention activates halogen family material demercuration is: while there is electric discharge in gas or liquid, can excite high chemically active free radical (OH, H, O, N etc.) and other active materials (O
3, H
2o
2deng).These active materials can carry out conventional chemical technology and be difficult to the chemical reaction with industrial application value of realizing, thereby efficiently activate halogen family material, are translated into halogen simple substance, halogen family intermediate and atom.Halogen family material after activation is easily combined with mercury, makes elemental mercury transform into oxidation state and particle attached state, is removed device trapping remove by downstream.
More than the high tension voltage adopting in the present invention is generally 10kV, electric current is more than tens of milliamperes, and described electrion can be taked the discharge types such as dielectric barrier discharge, glow discharge or corona discharge.
Mercury fume can adopt separately dust arrester or absorption plant further to remove after processing by halogen family material activating apparatus, also can successively by dust arrester and absorption plant, be removed.Dust arrester can be electric cleaner, filtration dust catcher, wet scrubber, mechanical collector or other cleaners.Absorption plant can be packed tower, tubulent contact tower, sieve-plate tower, spray absorber, fixed-bed adsorber, moving bed adsorber, ebullated bed absorber or other absorption/adsorption plants.
In the present invention, halogen family material is halogen simple substance, halogen, as elemental chlorine Cl
2, bromine simple substance Br
2, elemental iodine I
2, sodium chloride nacl, sodium bromide NaBr, sodium iodide NaI, calcium bromide CaBr
2deng; Injecting halogen family material can be gaseous state, liquid state, solid-state or mixed state;
In the present invention, oxygen-containing gas is oxygen, air, flue gas, or contains SO
2, NH
3, NO
xgas.
Flue gas mercury removal system based on discharge activation halogen family material provided by the present invention is compared with conventional green technology with method, can produce following beneficial effect:
1), between the pretreatment unit of flue gas mercury removal system of the present invention in existing flue gas purification system and dust arrester, halogen family material activating apparatus is set and effectively removes gaseous mercury, can also directly to existing flue, transform, effectively utilize existing flue gas purification system, reduced demercuration cost;
2), flue gas hydrargyrum-removing method of the present invention, thereby activate halogen family material by electrion, the gaseous mercury in mercury fume is converted into oxidation state mercury and particle mercury and removes, can effectively remove the gaseous mercury in mercury fume, improved demercuration efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is prior art flue gas purification system schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the flue gas mercury removal system structural representation that the present invention is based on discharge activation halogen family material;
Fig. 3 is the structure chart of the board-like dielectric barrier discharge halogen family of plate material activating apparatus;
Fig. 4 is the structure chart of line cartridge type dielectric barrier discharge reactor;
Fig. 5 is the structure chart of corona discharge reactor.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 2, the demercuration system that the present invention is based on discharge activation halogen family material comprises pretreatment unit 2, dust arrester 5, the absorption plant 8 of successively flue gas being processed, and is provided with halogen family material activating apparatus 3 between pretreatment unit 2 and dust arrester 5.Dust arrester power supply 6 is dust arrester 5 power supplies, and dust arrester 5 is also provided with dedusting ash bucket 7.
Mercury fume enters halogen family material activating apparatus 3 after the pretreatment units such as heat exchanger 2, and halogen family material activating apparatus 3 adds halogen family material in flue gas, mixes with flue gas.Halogen family material activating apparatus 3, under the condition of oxygen-containing gas, efficiently activates halogen family material, with the abundant hybrid reaction of halogen family material in flue gas, produces halogen simple substance, halogen atom etc.Halogen simple substance, the atom elemental mercury in flue gas is combined, and forms oxidation state mercury and the particle mercuries such as mercury halide.Subsequently, flue gas enters dust arrester 5, and flue dust, oxidation state mercury, particle mercury all can be removed, and from dust collector ash hopper 7, discharges.Flue gas after dedusting enters absorption plant 8, and oxidation state, particle mercury remaining in flue gas are absorbed in absorption plant 8, is together discharged from absorption accessory substance.Flue gas after demercuration, through after-treatment devices such as demisters, is discharged from chimney.
Halogen family material activating apparatus 3 efficiently activates halogen family material by electrion, wherein exoelectrical reaction can adopt dielectric barrier discharge, glow discharge or corona discharge discharge type, and embodiments of the invention employing dielectric barrier discharge reactor and corona discharge reactor are next, and the present invention is described further.
As shown in Figure 3, be the structure chart of the board-like dielectric barrier discharge halogen family of plate of the present invention material activating apparatus, the flue 12a and the 12b that comprise housing 18 and be positioned at described housing 18 two ends; In housing 18, be provided with discharge reactor 11, the flue 12a before being positioned at discharge reactor 11 is provided with nozzle 16.Discharge reactor power supply 4 is discharge reactor 11 power supplies.Discharge reactor 11 is by high-pressure stage 13 and earthing pole 14, and dielectric layer 15 compositions, and high-pressure stage 13 separates by dielectric layer 15 with earthing pole 14 is middle.
Ground connection pole plate 14 can be set to bilayer, at middle part, cooling pipe is set, and arranges cooling water or cold gas, and the part using the cooling segment of ground connection pole plate place as heat exchanger reduces thermal loss.
As seen from the figure, 11 parallel connections of many group discharge reactors, series connection or connection in series-parallel can be set in halogen family material activating apparatus 3, by organize discharge reactor 11 more, form exoelectrical reaction district and be used for activating halogen family material.
Mercury fume is entered after halogen family material activating apparatus 3 by the flue 12a of dielectric barrier discharge reactor 11 front ends, and nozzle 16 sprays halogen family material in flue gas.Dielectric barrier discharge reactor 11 carries out electrion, thereby efficiently activates halogen family material, is translated into halogen simple substance, halogen family intermediate and atom.Halogen family material after activation is easily combined with mercury, makes elemental mercury transform into oxidation state and particle attached state mercury.Flue gas is discharged to downstream from the flue 12b of dielectric barrier discharge reactor 11 rear ends subsequently dedusting and absorption plant remove oxidation state mercury, particle mercury.
Be illustrated in figure 4 the another embodiment of discharge reactor of the present invention: line cartridge type dielectric barrier discharge reactor, by high-pressure stage 13 and earthing pole 14, and dielectric-slab 15 forms, wherein earthing pole 14 and dielectric layer 15 are attached together to form and are convenient to the cylinder channel that flue gas passes through, high-pressure stage 13 is high pressure polar curve, is positioned at the cylinder channel axis that earthing pole 14 and dielectric layer 15 form.Wherein earthing pole 14 is positioned at the skin of passage, and dielectric layer 15 is positioned at the internal layer of passage.Discharge reactor power supply 4 is discharge reactor 11 power supplies.As seen from the figure, many group discharge reactors 11 can be set in halogen family material activating apparatus 3, by organize discharge reactor 11 more, form exoelectrical reaction district and be used for activating halogen family material.Discharge reactor 11 is outer can arrange cooling pipe, and layout cooling water or cold gas are carried out cooling, reduces thermal loss.Because gas flow rate in general gas path pipe is about 10-15m/s, generally without dust stratification, produce, can not arrange ash bucket.
After mercury fume mixes with halogen family material, enter the passage that discharge reactor 11 forms, discharge reactor carries out electrion, thereby efficiently activates halogen family material, is translated into halogen simple substance, halogen family intermediate and atom.Halogen family material after activation is easily combined with mercury, makes elemental mercury transform into oxidation state and particle attached state mercury.Dedusting and absorption plant that flue gas after discharge reactor is discharged to downstream remove oxidation state mercury, particle mercury.
The mercury removal device of this structure can be realized more than 60% element mercury of oxidation, the about 72Wh/m of energy consumption level
3.For the object of compact Layout, also can change cylindrical shape into regular hexagon etc.
Be illustrated in figure 5 the another embodiment of discharge reactor of the present invention: corona discharge reactor, by high-pressure stage 13 and ground connection pole plate 14, formed, high pressure polar curve 13, between two ground connection pole plates 14, leaves discharging gap between high-pressure stage 13 and earthing pole 14, and preferred discharging gap is 200mm.Discharge reactor power supply 4 is discharge reactor 11 power supplies.As seen from the figure, many group discharge reactors 11 can be set in halogen family material activating apparatus 3, by organize discharge reactor 11 more, form exoelectrical reaction district and activate halogen family material.This embodiment can directly be transformed existing flue, and high-pressure stage 13 and ground connection pole plate 14 are arranged in flue.Because gas flow rate in general gas path pipe is about 10-15m/s, generally without dust stratification, produce, can not arrange ash bucket.
The type corona discharge reactor is generally taked positive polarity electric discharge, and discharge peak threshold voltage is 10～100kV.Can adopt short pulse or the power supply of DC stacked ac high voltage source, to obtain good activation effect.Voltage rising time is generally tens of nanoseconds to tens of microseconds, take and adopts said method smoke treatment as example, and mercury in flue gas content is 13 μ g/m
3time, when add Br in boiler
2concentration surpasses 4ppm, and the clean removal efficiency of mercury can reach 64%, and total mercury control rate reaches 80%.
The present invention can be for the flue gas demercuration of all kinds of boilers or incinerator etc.
Claims (6)
1. the flue gas mercury removal system based on discharge activation halogen family material, comprise pretreatment unit (2), dust arrester (5), the absorption plant (8) successively flue gas processed, it is characterized in that: between described pretreatment unit (2) and dust arrester (5), be provided with halogen family material activating apparatus (3); Described halogen family material activating apparatus (3) comprising:
Housing (18) and the flue that is positioned at described housing (18) two ends; In described housing (18), be provided with discharge reactor (11), at the flue (12a) that is positioned at housing (18) front end, be provided with nozzle (16);
Described halogen family material activating apparatus (3) is thrown in halogen family material by nozzle (16) in flue gas, halogen family material is mixed with flue gas, under aerobic gas condition, described halogen family material activating apparatus (3) activates halogen family material by electrion, makes elemental mercury in mercury fume form oxidation state mercury and particle adheres to mercury;
Described halogen family material is halogen simple substance or halogen;
Dust arrester (5), absorption plant (8) carry out dedusting and absorbing and removing oxidation state mercury and particle to the mercury fume after processing and adhere to mercury.
2. flue gas mercury removal system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described discharge reactor (11) is dielectric barrier discharge reactor, described dielectric impedance reactor comprises high-pressure stage (13) and earthing pole (14), and described high-pressure stage (13) separates by dielectric layer (15) with earthing pole (14) is middle.
3. flue gas mercury removal system as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described dielectric barrier discharge reactor is the board-like dielectric barrier discharge reactor of plate, described earthing pole (14) and dielectric layer (15) and high-pressure stage (13) are dull and stereotyped, high-pressure stage (13) is attached on dielectric layer (15), earthing pole (14) and the parallel placement of dielectric layer (15), leave space between described earthing pole (14) and dielectric layer (15).
4. flue gas mercury removal system as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described dielectric barrier discharge reactor is line cartridge type dielectric barrier discharge reactor, described earthing pole (14) and dielectric layer (15) are attached together formation passage, described earthing pole (14) is positioned at the skin of passage, described dielectric layer (15) is positioned at the internal layer of passage, described high-pressure stage (13) is high pressure polar curve, is positioned at the place, axis that described earthing pole (14) and dielectric layer (15) form passage.
5. flue gas mercury removal system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described discharge reactor (11) is corona discharge reactor, by high-pressure stage (13) and a plurality of earthing poles (14), formed, high-pressure stage (13) is positioned between earthing pole (14), between described high-pressure stage (13) and earthing pole (14), leaves discharging gap.
6. the flue gas mercury removal system as described in claim 2-5 any one claim, is characterized in that: the external discharge reactor power supply (4) of described discharge reactor (11) is high voltage source.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210045064.4A CN102580493B (en) | 2012-02-27 | 2012-02-27 | Flue gas demercuration system and method based on discharge and activation of halogen materials |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210045064.4A CN102580493B (en) | 2012-02-27 | 2012-02-27 | Flue gas demercuration system and method based on discharge and activation of halogen materials |
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| CN102580493B true CN102580493B (en) | 2014-03-12 |
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| CN103331090B (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2015-09-09 | 上海交通大学 | The device and method of nonvalent mercury in a kind of oxidation removal of discharge activation on the spot flue gas |
| CN103446856B (en) * | 2013-07-24 | 2015-10-14 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of device for fume mercury-removing agent activation and application thereof |
| CN104437040B (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2017-01-04 | 江苏国苏检测有限公司 | Removal of nitrogen oxide device based on dielectric barrier discharge reactor and removal methods thereof |
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| SE522319C2 (en) * | 2001-11-28 | 2004-02-03 | Boliden Contech Ab | Procedure for the elimination of traces of mercury in gases |
| CN101703875A (en) * | 2009-11-09 | 2010-05-12 | 南京师范大学 | Oxidizing method for removing gaseous elemental mercury in boiler fume |
| CN101810993B (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2012-07-25 | 北京航空航天大学 | Method for achieving high effective mercury removal through modifying electrostatic precipitator |
| CN202478799U (en) * | 2012-02-27 | 2012-10-10 | 浙江大学 | Smoke demercuration system based on discharging activated halogen substance |
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