CN102580468B - Method for implementing trapping and separation of CO2 in flue gas by adopting magnesium-based absorbent - Google Patents

Method for implementing trapping and separation of CO2 in flue gas by adopting magnesium-based absorbent Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102580468B
CN102580468B CN201210018610.5A CN201210018610A CN102580468B CN 102580468 B CN102580468 B CN 102580468B CN 201210018610 A CN201210018610 A CN 201210018610A CN 102580468 B CN102580468 B CN 102580468B
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flue gas
trapping
absorbent
mgo
solid
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CN102580468A (en
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段永华
张军
卢伟伟
时清亮
宋帮才
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Henan University of Science and Technology
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/151—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions, e.g. CO2

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for implementing trapping and separation of CO2 in flue gas by adopting a magnesium-based absorbent and relates to a CO2 trapping and separation technology. According to the invention, Mg(OH)2 suspension is used as the absorbent for CO2 in the flue gas; compared with the existing CO2 trapping capacity, the CO2 trapping capacity of the method is finally greatly improved by controlling conditions of a suitable solid-to-liquid ratio of the suspension, a ratio of the absorbent to the flue gas and the like; and a food-grade CO2 product with high purity is also obtained. The method disclosed by the invention has strong CO2 trapping capacity, simple process, low trapping agent regeneration cost and strong technical applicability.

Description

A kind of magnesium base absorbant that adopts is realized CO in flue gas 2trapping and the method separating
Technical field
The present invention relates to CO 2trapping and isolation technics, specifically a kind of magnesium base absorbant that adopts is realized CO in flue gas 2trapping and the method separating.
Background technology
In recent years, global warming has become the focal issue that international community pays special attention to, and greenhouse gases are CO particularly 2a large amount of discharges are principal elements of climate warming, control and reduce CO 2discharge is the urgent task that human society faces.Occupy an important position in industry at China's coal electricity, iron and steel, chemical industry, petrochemical industry and cement industry, be also energy resource consumption and CO simultaneously 2the important industry of discharge, so about CO 2trapping technique is mainly to carry out for above industry, and according to technical foundation and the applicability of trapping system, engineering circles is conventionally by CO 2trapping system is divided into following four kinds: trapping before trapping after burning, burning, oxygen-enriched combustion technology and chemical chain burning technology.
At present just at the CO of Devoting Major Efforts To Developing 2trapping technique mainly contains 3 kinds, chemical solvent absorption method, absorption method and membrane separation process.Wherein with the research of chemical solvent absorption method at most, this method occupies CO 2the market of trapping 70%, also be considered to most economical feasible, the absorbent that is used to collecting carbonic anhydride has ammoniacal liquor, NaOH, one-level hydramine (MEA), secondary hydramine (DEA, DIPA) and tertiary alcohol amine (MDEA) etc., forms a kind of containing CO after carbon dioxide and amine absorbent generation chemical reaction 2compound, temperature be 100 ℃～140 ℃ and than the slightly high pressure condition of standard atmospheric pressure under compound decomposition, amine absorber is regenerated, and isolates adsorbent and highly purified CO 2, but this method is owing to carrying out needing to consume a large amount of energy in regenerative process at absorbent, simultaneously due to the CO of alcamines material 2trapping ability is lower, complex process, equipment investment are larger, so the CO of alcohol amine absorption process 2trapping cost is higher.
Summary of the invention
In order to reduce CO in prior art 2separation and trapping cost, process simplification, the invention provides a kind of magnesium base absorbant that adopts and realizes CO in flue gas 2trapping and the method separating.
In order to achieve the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of magnesium base absorbant that adopts realizes CO in flue gas 2trapping and the method separating, comprise following step:
(1), MgO is mixed with into Mg (OH) with water 2suspension is as smoke absorption agent, and the additional proportion of MgO and water makes the mass ratio of solid and liquid in suspension be less than 3.5;
(2), the smoke absorption agent of step (1) preparation and flue gas to be absorbed are passed into respectively to the CO with agitating function 2in absorber, and the temperature of controlling absorbent is 13.5 ℃～50.0 ℃, and pH is 8.5～10.2, CO 2the volume ratio of absorber inner absorbent storage and flue gas storage is 1.8～3.5, the CO in the flue gas passing in the unit interval 2amount of substance and the smoke absorption agent passing in the ratio of amount of substance of magnesium be altogether 0.9～1.0;
(3), reacted mixture enters centrifugal separator and carries out Separation of Solid and Liquid, the liquid-circulating obtaining is to the preparation section of absorbent as the water circulation use adding, by the solid MgCO of gained 33H 2o crystal carries out heat drying to remove physics moisture and chemical moisture wherein at the temperature of 130 ℃～170 ℃;
(4), by the solid MgCO obtaining after dry 3join heating in airtight rotary kiln and, to realize the regeneration of trapping agent MgO, control rotary kiln kiln temperature at 350 ℃～500 ℃, after heating, obtain MgO solid and CO 2gas, MgO reenters the preparation section of absorbent, the high-purity CO of gained 2gas is after dust removal process, and the compression of lowering the temperature makes food-class CO 2product.
Described containing CO 2the industrial smoke that produces of flue gas fire coal, fuel oil, the combustion gas carried out for coal electricity, cement, smelting, chemical industry, and other contains CO due to what chemical reaction obtained 2gas.
Described MgO is that magnesia or the chemical method of the magnesium-containing mineral calcining gained such as magnesite, dolomite, shepardite prepared the magnesia obtaining.
Beneficial effect:
(1), trapping ability is strong.Mg for the present invention (OH) 2suspension as absorbent to CO in flue gas 2trap, and by the mass ratio of solid and liquid in control suspension, and pass into the condition such as the flue gas of reactor and the ratio of absorbent, improve unit mass absorbent and absorbed CO 2amount, finally make the present invention to CO 2trapping ability and existing CO 2trapping ability is compared and is enhanced.
(2), regeneration cost is low.Only need to the trapping product after dehydrating simply be added thermal decomposition and can be realized the regeneration of trapping agent, reduce the regeneration cost of trapping agent, but also made food-class CO 2product.
(3), the adaptability of technology is strong.Do not need to carry out large transformation for industries such as existing coal electricity, cement, smelting, chemical industry and can realize the present invention.
(4), technique is simple, easily industrialization.The present invention only includes absorbent preparation, absorbs, and dehydrates, the operation such as trapping agent regeneration, and process route is simple, and raw material sources are extensive, and selecting equipment is all former on market, easily realizes suitability for industrialized production.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the annexation schematic diagram of device therefor of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
A kind of magnesium base absorbant that adopts is realized CO in flue gas 2trapping and the method separating, comprise following step:
(1), MgO is mixed with into Mg (OH) with water 2suspension is as smoke absorption agent, and the additional proportion of MgO and water makes the mass ratio of solid and liquid in suspension be less than 3.5;
(2), the smoke absorption agent of step (1) preparation and flue gas to be absorbed are passed into respectively to the CO with agitating function 2in absorber, and the temperature of controlling absorbent is 13.5 ℃～50.0 ℃, and pH is 8.5～10.2, CO 2the volume ratio of absorber inner absorbent storage and flue gas storage is 1.8～3.5, the CO in the flue gas passing in the unit interval 2amount of substance and the smoke absorption agent passing in the ratio of amount of substance of magnesium be altogether 0.9～1.0;
(3), reacted mixture enters centrifugal separator and carries out Separation of Solid and Liquid, the liquid-circulating obtaining is to the preparation section of absorbent as the water circulation use adding, by the solid MgCO of gained 33H 2o crystal carries out heat drying to remove physics moisture and chemical moisture wherein at the temperature of 130 ℃～170 ℃;
(4), by the solid MgCO obtaining after dry 3join heating in airtight rotary kiln and, to realize the regeneration of trapping agent MgO, control rotary kiln kiln temperature at 350 ℃～500 ℃, after heating, obtain MgO solid and CO 2gas, MgO reenters the preparation section of absorbent, the high-purity CO of gained 2gas is after dust removal process, and the compression of lowering the temperature makes food-class CO 2product.
Described containing CO 2the industrial smoke that produces of flue gas fire coal, fuel oil, the combustion gas carried out for coal electricity, cement, smelting, chemical industry, and other contains CO due to what chemical reaction obtained 2gas.
Described MgO is that magnesia or the chemical method of the magnesium-containing mineral calcining gained such as magnesite, dolomite, shepardite prepared the magnesia obtaining.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment by reference to the accompanying drawings 1 pair of technical process of the present invention further describes:
MgO is joined in absorbent preparation device 1, then add water to prepare Mg (OH) 2suspension, the solid-to-liquid ratio (mass ratio) of controlling suspension is 3.5, suspension is delivered to the CO with agitating function by stock pump 2 2in absorber 3, with the CO the flue gas passing into from absorber bottom 2carry out carbonation reaction, controlling the pH value of absorption system is 10.2, and temperature is 13.5 ℃, passes into CO in the flue gas of absorber 2amount of substance and absorbent in the ratio of amount of substance of magnesium be altogether 1.0, the absorbent in absorber and the volume ratio of flue gas are 3.5;
From CO 2the flue gas of absorber 3 processing is out discharged from top, and reacted mixture enters centrifugal separator 4 and carries out Separation of Solid and Liquid, and the liquid-circulating obtaining recycles to absorbent preparation process, the solid MgCO of gained 33H 2o crystal proceed to drier 5 heat dryings with remove wherein physics moisture and chemical moisture, control temperature be 170 ℃;
The dry MgCO that removes gained after moisture 3solid enters heating in airtight rotary kiln 6, controls rotary kiln kiln temperature at 500 ℃, and rotating speed is 5r/min, to realize the regeneration of trapping agent MgO, the MgO of regeneration gained reenters absorbent preparation workshop section and recycles, and improves the utilization rate of trapping agent, the high-purity CO of regeneration gained 2gas, after deduster 7 dedustings, through CO 2after compressor 8 and heat exchanger 9 compression coolings, be delivered to CO 2high pressure storage tank 10, makes food-class CO 2product, product purity is 99.98%.
Embodiment 2
MgO is joined in absorbent preparation device, then add water to prepare Mg (OH) 2suspension, the solid-to-liquid ratio (mass ratio) of controlling suspension is 0, suspension is delivered to the CO with agitating function by stock pump 2in absorber, with the CO in flue gas 2carry out carbonation reaction, controlling the pH value of absorption system is 8.5, and temperature is 50.0 ℃, passes into CO in the flue gas of absorber 2amount of substance and absorbent in the ratio of amount of substance of magnesium be altogether 0.9, the absorbent in absorber and the volume ratio of flue gas are 1.8;
From CO 2absorber reacted mixture out enters centrifugal separator and carries out Separation of Solid and Liquid, and the liquid-circulating obtaining to absorbent preparation process recycles, by the solid MgCO of gained 33H 2o crystal carry out heat drying with remove wherein physics moisture and chemical moisture, control temperature be 130 ℃;
The dry MgCO that removes gained after moisture 3solid enters in airtight rotary kiln and heats, and controls rotary kiln kiln temperature at 480 ℃, and rotating speed is 5r/min, to realize the regeneration of trapping agent MgO, the MgO of regeneration gained reenters absorbent preparation workshop section and recycles, and improves the utilization rate of trapping agent, the high-purity CO of regeneration gained 2gas, after deduster dedusting, through CO 2after compressor and heat exchanger compression cooling, be delivered to CO 2high pressure storage tank, makes food-class CO 2product, product purity is 99.92%.
Embodiment 3
MgO is joined in absorbent preparation device, then add water to prepare Mg (OH) 2suspension, the solid-to-liquid ratio (mass ratio) of controlling suspension is 2.0, suspension is delivered to the CO with agitating function by stock pump 2in absorber, with the CO in flue gas 2carry out carbonation reaction, controlling the pH value of absorption system is 9.0, and temperature is 30 ℃, passes into CO in the flue gas of absorber 2amount of substance and absorbent in the ratio of amount of substance of magnesium be altogether 0.95, the absorbent in absorber and the volume ratio of flue gas are 3.0 times;
From CO 2absorber reacted mixture out enters centrifugal separator and carries out Separation of Solid and Liquid, and the liquid-circulating obtaining to absorbent preparation process recycles, by the solid MgCO of gained 33H 2o crystal carry out heat drying with remove wherein physics moisture and chemical moisture, control temperature be 150 ℃;
The dry MgCO that removes gained after moisture 3solid enters in airtight rotary kiln and heats, and controls rotary kiln kiln temperature at 350 ℃, and rotating speed is 2r/min, to realize the regeneration of trapping agent MgO, the MgO of regeneration gained reenters absorbent preparation workshop section and recycles, and improves the utilization rate of trapping agent, the high-purity CO of regeneration gained 2gas, after deduster dedusting, through CO 2after compressor and heat exchanger compression cooling, be delivered to CO 2high pressure storage tank, makes food-class CO 2product, product purity is 99.95%.

Claims (2)

1. one kind adopts magnesium base absorbant to realize CO in flue gas 2trapping and the method separating, is characterized in that: comprise following step:
(1), MgO is mixed with into Mg (OH) with water 2suspension is as smoke absorption agent, and the additional proportion of MgO and water makes the mass ratio of solid and liquid in suspension be less than 3.5;
(2), the smoke absorption agent of step (1) preparation and flue gas to be absorbed are passed into respectively to the CO with agitating function 2in absorber, and the temperature of controlling absorbent is 13.5 ℃～50.0 ℃, and pH is 8.5～10.2, CO 2the volume ratio of absorber inner absorbent storage and flue gas storage is 1.8～3.5, the CO in the flue gas passing in the unit interval 2amount of substance and the smoke absorption agent passing in the ratio of amount of substance of magnesium be altogether 0.9～1.0;
(3), reacted mixture enters centrifugal separator and carries out Separation of Solid and Liquid, the liquid-circulating obtaining is to the preparation section of absorbent as the water circulation use adding, by the solid MgCO of gained 33H 2o crystal carries out heat drying to remove physics moisture and chemical moisture wherein at the temperature of 130 ℃～170 ℃;
(4), by the solid MgCO obtaining after dry 3join heating in airtight rotary kiln and, to realize the regeneration of trapping agent MgO, control rotary kiln kiln temperature at 350 ℃～500 ℃, after heating, obtain MgO solid and CO 2gas, MgO reenters the preparation section of absorbent, the high-purity CO of gained 2gas is after dust removal process, and the compression of lowering the temperature makes food-class CO 2product.
2. a kind of magnesium base absorbant that adopts as claimed in claim 1 is realized CO in flue gas 2trapping and the method separating, is characterized in that: described containing CO 2the industrial smoke that produces of flue gas fire coal, fuel oil, the combustion gas carried out for coal electricity, cement, smelting, chemical industry, and other contains CO due to what chemical reaction obtained 2gas.
CN201210018610.5A 2012-01-20 2012-01-20 Method for implementing trapping and separation of CO2 in flue gas by adopting magnesium-based absorbent Expired - Fee Related CN102580468B (en)

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CN103212262B (en) * 2013-04-26 2015-04-22 陈坚 Smog gas treatment system and smog gas treatment method
CN105032164B (en) * 2015-07-10 2017-05-24 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一八研究所 Carbon dioxide absorbent taking magnesium oxide as main material and preparation method for carbon dioxide absorbent
KR102523562B1 (en) * 2016-07-27 2023-04-19 인스터?b 내셔널 드 라 르세르슈 사이언티피크 Preparation of low carbon footprint magnesia
CN112007946B (en) * 2020-07-28 2021-06-18 南京大学环境规划设计研究院股份公司 Ectopic bioremediation device for pollutants
CN113731155A (en) * 2021-09-29 2021-12-03 大连海事大学 Carbon dioxide emission reduction and utilization device and method for dredging ship

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JPS6046921A (en) * 1983-08-25 1985-03-14 Tokuyama Soda Co Ltd Production of magnesium orthocarbonate
CN102188893A (en) * 2010-03-09 2011-09-21 北京化工大学 Method for absorbing carbon dioxide in combustion product gases by using magnesium oxide

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JP2961871B2 (en) * 1990-11-05 1999-10-12 溶融炭酸塩型燃料電池発電システム技術研究組合 Carbon dioxide absorbent

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6046921A (en) * 1983-08-25 1985-03-14 Tokuyama Soda Co Ltd Production of magnesium orthocarbonate
CN102188893A (en) * 2010-03-09 2011-09-21 北京化工大学 Method for absorbing carbon dioxide in combustion product gases by using magnesium oxide

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