CN102579871A - 一种治疗慢性鼻炎的中药组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗慢性鼻炎的中药组合物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗慢性鼻炎的中药组合物，其中，各原料药按照重量分数比配置如下：桑叶5-15g，菊花5-15g，杏仁5-15g，粳米10-20g，辛夷花10-20g，侧柏叶5-15g，川芎5-15g，生黄芪10-20g，白术5-15g，防风5-15g，甘草5-15g，川黄柏10-20g，香菜5-15g，桔梗5-15g，苍耳子10-20g。本发明疏风散寒，辛温通窍，调节血气，行滞化瘀，温肺益气，祛风通窍，且药源广泛，对人体无害，治疗慢性鼻炎效果显著。有效率达82.2％，良好为93.5％。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及含有来源于植物原料的医用配制品，特别涉及一种治疗慢性鼻炎的中药组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
鼻炎指的是鼻腔粘膜和粘膜下组织的炎症。表现为充血或者水肿，患者经常会出现鼻塞，流清水涕，鼻痒，喉部不适，咳嗽等症状。鼻腔分泌的稀薄液体样物质称为鼻涕或者鼻腔分泌物，其作用是帮助清除灰尘，细菌以保持肺部的健康。通常情况下，混合细菌和灰尘的鼻涕后吸至咽喉并最终进入胃内，因其分泌量很少，一般不会引起人们的注意。当鼻内出现炎症时，鼻腔内可以分泌大量的鼻涕，并可以因感染而变成黄色，流经咽喉时可以引起咳嗽，鼻涕量十分多时还可以经前鼻孔流出。主要症状为鼻塞，鼻塞特点为间歇性。在白天、天热、劳动或运动时鼻塞减轻，而夜间，静坐或寒冷时鼻塞加重。鼻塞的另一特点为交替性。如侧卧时，居下侧之鼻腔阻塞，上侧鼻腔通气良好。由于鼻塞，间或嗅觉减退，头痛、头昏，说话呈闭塞性鼻音等症状。
鼻炎对人体健康危害较大，得了鼻炎除了有鼻塞、打喷嚏等症状外，如果不及治疗，鼻炎的危害会更加严重：如鼻塞不通气，呼吸困难，引发睡眠呼吸暂停综合症；患者下鼻甲肥大，睡眠时氧气不足，严重的可引起脑梗塞、突发心脏病等，个别患者甚至发生猝死；约九成的鼻咽癌是因鼻炎久治不愈恶化所致。所以鼻炎患者要在症状比较轻的时候采取治疗措施，以免耽误最佳的治疗时机。除此之外患者还会感到头痛、头晕、记忆力下降，胸痛、胸闷、精神萎靡等，甚至会并发肺气肿、肺心病、哮喘等严重并发症。当长期反复发作的鼻窦炎未得到及时治疗，炎症就会扩散至邻近器官、组织，而并发如额骨骨髓炎、眶骨壁骨炎及骨膜炎、眶壁骨膜下脓肿、眶内蜂窝织炎、球后视神经炎、硬脑膜外脓肿、硬脑膜下脓肿、化脓性脑膜炎、脑脓肿、海绵窦血栓性静脉炎等多种危重急症。鼻炎炎症甚至还会波及咽鼓管，致使变得狭窄或闭塞，导致中耳膜产生负压，使耳鼓膜产生内陷影响听力。由于咽鼓管闭塞，中耳粘膜渗出的物质不能从咽鼓管排出，导致分泌物在中耳膜堆积，时间久之，使骨膜增厚影响其活动，产生听力下降。
慢性鼻炎是鼻炎中的一种，其临床常依症状分为肺脾气虚型和气滞血滞型。肺脾气虚型主证：鼻塞时轻时重，鼻涕清稀，遇寒加重，嗅觉减退，头痛，头晕。检查见鼻内肿胀色淡。肺气虚者兼见咳嗽痰稀，面色(白光)白，舌淡苔白，脉缓或沉细。脾气虚者兼见食欲不佳，体倦乏力，舌质淡，苔白或厚，脉濡缓。气滞血淤型主证：鼻塞时间长，鼻涕多，粘黄或粘白，嗅觉迟钝，检查见鼻内肿胀，呈桑椹样。伴咳嗽痰多，声音重浊，舌资暗红有淤斑，脉弦细或涩数。中药对于调理器官机能，协调各脏器有独到的优势，因此，本发明提供一种疏风散寒，辛温通窍，调节血气，行滞化瘀，温肺益气，祛风通窍的一种治疗慢性鼻炎的中药组合物及其制备方法。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于，提供一种疏风散寒，辛温通窍，调节血气，行滞化瘀，温肺益气，祛风通窍的一种治疗慢性鼻炎的中药组合物及其制备方法。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种治疗慢性鼻炎的中药组合物，其中，各原料药按照重量分数比配置如下：桑叶5-15g，菊花5-15g，杏仁5-15g，粳米10-20g，辛夷花10-20g，柏叶5-15g，川芎5-15g，生黄芪10-20g，白术5-15g，防风5-15g，甘草5-15g，川黄柏10-20g，香菜5-15g，桔梗5-15g，苍耳子10-20g。
或者，各原料药按照重量分数比配置如下：桑叶5-10g，菊花5-10g，杏仁5-10g，粳米10-15g，辛夷花10-15g，柏叶5-10g，川芎5-10g，生黄芪10-15g，白术5-10g，防风5-10g，甘草5-10g，川黄柏10-15g，香菜5-10g，桔梗5-10g，苍耳子10-15g。
或者，各原料药按照重量分数比配置如下：桑叶10-15g，菊花10-15g，杏仁10-15g，粳米15-20g，辛夷花15-20g，柏叶10-15g，川芎10-15g，生黄芪15-20g，白术10-15g，防风10-15g，甘草10-15g，川黄柏15-20g，香菜10-15g，桔梗10-15g，苍耳子15-20g。
或者，各原料药按照重量分数比配置如下：桑叶8-12g，菊花8-12g，杏仁8-12g，粳米12-18g，辛夷花12-18g，柏叶8-12g，川芎8-12g，生黄芪12-18g，白术8-12g，防风8-12g，甘草8-12g，川黄柏12-18g，香菜8-12g，桔梗8-12g，苍耳子12-18g。
为更好的实现本发明目的，本发明还提供了一种治疗慢性鼻炎的中药组合物的制备方法，其中，当所述中药组合物为蜜炼丸剂时，其制备方法如下：
将各原料药加水浸泡30分钟至1小时，加热煮沸30分钟，过滤，滤液备用；滤渣加水，第二次加热，煮沸30分钟，再过滤，滤液备用；滤渣再加水，第三次加热煮沸40分钟，过滤；将三次滤液合在一起，加热浓缩至糊状，放入烘箱，控制在80℃，烘干后冷却，与蜂蜜混在一起搓成细条，制丸腊封包装；
或者，当中药组合物的剂型为胶囊剂，其制备方法如下：
将各原料药加总重量10倍量的乙醇，加热回流提取3次，每次2小时，将3次提取液合并，减压回收乙醇，并浓缩至药液浓度为0.5g生药/mL，抽滤后，滤液的相对密度为20℃时1.08；所述滤液流经体积为10L的吸附树脂柱，之后用10倍树脂柱体积的去离子水或蒸馏水洗脱，再用5倍树脂柱体积的95％乙醇洗脱，收集乙醇洗脱液，去除乙醇溶剂，得到组份药粉，装入胶囊制为胶囊剂。
本发明疏风散寒，辛温通窍，调节血气，行滞化瘀，温肺益气，祛风通窍，且药源广泛，对人体无害，治疗慢性鼻炎效果显著。有效率达82.2％，良好为93.5％。
具体实施方式：
本发明疏风散寒，辛温通窍，调节血气，行滞化瘀，温肺益气，祛风通窍，且药源广泛，对人体无害。本发明中各原料药如下：
桑叶，味甘，苦；性寒。归肺，肝经。功效：疏散风热，清肺润燥，平抑肝阳，清肝明目，凉血止血。《本草分经》：苦甘而凉。滋燥凉血，止血去风，清泄少阳之气热。
菊花，散风清热，平肝明目。用于风热感冒，头痛眩晕，目赤肿痛，眼目昏花。
杏仁，归经，肺；脾；大肠经。杏仁苦温宣肺，润肠通便、仅适宜于风邪、肠燥等实证之患，祛痰止咳；平喘；润肠；下气开痹。
粳米，味甘，性平。能益脾胃，除烦渴。具有补中益气，平和五脏，止烦渴，止泄，壮筋骨，通血脉，益精强志。
辛夷花，辛，温。归肺、胃经。祛风寒，通鼻窍。用于风寒头痛，鼻塞，鼻渊，鼻流浊涕。主治：祛风，通窍。治头痛，鼻渊，鼻塞不通，齿痛。《别录》：″温中解肌，利九窍，通鼻塞、涕出，治面肿引齿痛，眩冒、身几几如在车船之上者。生须发，去白虫。
侧柏叶，苦涩，寒。入心、肝、大肠经。用于凉血，止血，祛风湿，散肿毒。治吐血、衄血、尿血、血痢、肠风、崩漏，风湿痹痛，细菌性痢疾，高血压，咳嗽，丹毒，痄腮，烫伤。《岭南采药录》：″凉血行气，祛风，利小便，散瘀。″
川芎，味辛，性温。归肝、胆、心包经。活血行气，祛风止痛。用于安抚神经，正头风头痛，症瘕腹痛，胸胁刺痛，跌扑肿痛，头痛，风湿痹痛。
生黄芪味甘，微温，具有补气固表，托疮生肌、利水的功效，主治气血虚弱、自汗、久泻脱肛、子宫脱垂、肾炎浮肿、蛋白尿、糖尿病、慢性溃疡等症。
白术，苦、甘，温。归脾、胃经。健脾益气，燥湿利水，止汗，安胎。用于脾虚食少，腹胀泄泻，痰饮眩悸，水肿，自汗，胎动不安。
防风味辛、甘，性微温。归膀胱、肝、脾经。《日华子本草》：治三十六般风，男子一切劳劣，补中益神，风赤眼，止泪及瘫缓，通利五脏关脉，五劳七伤，羸损盗汗，心烦体重，能安神定志，匀气脉。
甘草，甘草性平，味甘，归十二经。补脾益气，清热解毒，祛痰止咳，缓急止痛，调和诸药。用于脾胃虚弱，倦怠乏力，心悸气短，咳嗽痰多，脘腹、四肢挛急疼痛，痈肿疮毒，缓解药物毒性、烈性。
川黄柏，清热解毒、泻火燥湿。
香菜，别名芫荽。辛、温，归肺、脾经；具有发汗透疹，消食下气，醒脾和中的功效。
桔梗，味苦、辛，性微温。入肺经，功效：宣肺、祛痰、利咽、排脓、利五脏、补气血、补五劳、养气。
苍耳子，味苦；甘；辛；性温；小毒。入肺、肝经。功效：散风寒；通鼻窍；祛风湿；止痒。主治：鼻渊，风寒头痛；风湿痹痛；风疹；湿疹；疥癣。
本发明的方剂为：
桑叶5-15g，菊花5-15g，杏仁5-15g，粳米10-20g，辛夷花10-20g，柏叶5-15g，川芎5-15g，生黄芪10-20g，白术5-15g，防风5-15g，甘草5-15g，川黄柏10-20g，香菜5-15g，桔梗5-15g，苍耳子10-20g。
或者，各原料药按照重量分数比配置如下：桑叶5-10g，菊花5-10g，杏仁5-10g，粳米10-15g，辛夷花10-15g，柏叶5-10g，川芎5-10g，生黄芪10-15g，白术5-10g，防风5-10g，甘草5-10g，川黄柏10-15g，香菜5-10g，桔梗5-10g，苍耳子10-15g。
或者，各原料药按照重量分数比配置如下：桑叶10-15g，菊花10-15g，杏仁10-15g，粳米15-20g，辛夷花15-20g，柏叶10-15g，川芎10-15g，生黄芪15-20g，白术10-15g，防风10-15g，甘草10-15g，川黄柏15-20g，香菜10-15g，桔梗10-15g，苍耳子15-20g。
或者，各原料药按照重量分数比配置如下：桑叶8-12g，菊花8-12g，杏仁8-12g，粳米12-18g，辛夷花12-18g，柏叶8-12g，川芎8-12g，生黄芪12-18g，白术8-12g，防风8-12g，甘草8-12g，川黄柏12-18g，香菜8-12g，桔梗8-12g，苍耳子12-18g。
本发明的中药组合物制备为蜜炼丸剂或胶囊剂：
中药组合物为蜜炼丸剂时，其制备方法如下：
将各原料药加水浸泡30分钟至1小时，加热煮沸30分钟，过滤，滤液备用；滤渣加水，第二次加热，煮沸30分钟，再过滤，滤液备用；滤渣再加水，第三次加热煮沸40分钟，过滤；将三次滤液合在一起，加热浓缩至糊状，放入烘箱，控制在80℃，烘干后冷却，与蜂蜜混在一起搓成细条，制丸腊封包装；
或者，当中药组合物的剂型为胶囊剂，其制备方法如下：
将各原料药加总重量10倍量的乙醇，加热回流提取3次，每次2小时，将3次提取液合并，减压回收乙醇，并浓缩至药液浓度为0.5g生药/mL，抽滤后，滤液的相对密度为20℃时1.08；所述滤液流经体积为10L的吸附树脂柱，之后用10倍树脂柱体积的去离子水或蒸馏水洗脱，再用5倍树脂柱体积的95％乙醇洗脱，收集乙醇洗脱液，去除乙醇溶剂，得到组份药粉，装入胶囊制为胶囊剂。
具体举例如下
实施例1
李某，23岁，男，几年来，鼻塞不通气，呼吸困难，常引发睡眠不足，侧卧时，居下侧之鼻腔阻塞，上侧鼻腔通气良好。肺脾气虚，邪滞鼻窍。应当温肺益气，祛风通窍。服用如下药剂：桑叶15g，菊花5g，杏仁15g，粳米20g，辛夷花20g，侧柏叶15g，川芎5g，生黄芪10g，白术15g，防风15g，甘草15g，川黄柏10g，香菜15g，桔梗5g，苍耳子20g。水煎服，每日早晚各一剂。上述药剂服用20剂后，鼻塞症状明显减轻，继续服用15剂，头昏，头疼症状消失，呼吸通畅，继续服用10剂停药，治愈。半年后追访，未复发。
实施例2
章女士，42岁，鼻塞时轻时重，鼻涕清稀，遇寒加重，嗅觉减退，头痛，头晕。检查见鼻内肿胀色淡。肺气虚者兼见咳嗽痰稀，面色(白光)白，舌淡苔白，脉缓或沉细。食欲不佳，体倦乏力，舌质淡，苔白或厚，脉濡缓。使用如下方剂：桑叶10g，菊花10g，杏仁10g，粳米10g，辛夷花15g，侧柏叶10g，川芎5g，生黄芪10g，白术5g，防风10g，甘草10g，川黄柏15g，香菜5g，桔梗10g，苍耳子15g。水煎服，每日早晚各一剂。上述药剂服用20剂后，鼻塞症状明显减轻，继续服用12剂，头昏，头疼症状消失，呼吸通畅，继续服用10剂停药，治愈。三个月后追访，未复发。
实施例3
黄某，女。35岁，鼻塞时间长，鼻涕多，粘黄或粘白，嗅觉迟钝，检查见鼻内肿胀，呈桑椹样。伴咳嗽痰多，声音重浊，舌资暗红有淤斑，脉弦细或涩数。使用如下方剂：桑叶12g，菊花12g，杏仁12g，粳米18g，辛夷花18g，侧柏叶8g，川芎8g，生黄芪18g，白术12g，防风12g，甘草12g，川黄柏18g，香菜12g，桔梗8g，苍耳子18g。水煎服，每日早晚各一剂。上述药剂服用16剂后，鼻塞症状明显减轻，继续服用12剂，头昏，头疼症状消失，呼吸通畅，继续服用12剂停药，治愈。三个月后追访，未复发。
实施例4，刘先生，29岁，鼻涕多，粘黄或粘白，嗅觉迟钝，伴有头痛症状。其为邪毒久留，气滞血瘀，应当调和气血，行滞化瘀，辛温通窍。使用如下方剂：桑叶8g，菊花8g，杏仁12g，粳米12g，辛夷花12g，侧柏叶8g，川芎12g，生黄芪18g，白术8g，防风8g，甘草12g，川黄柏18g，香菜8g，桔梗12g，苍耳子12g。水煎服，每日早晚各一剂。上述药剂服用20剂后，鼻塞症状明显减轻，继续服用12剂，头昏，头疼症状消失，呼吸通畅，继续服用12剂停药，治愈。半年后追访，未复发。
本发明疏风散寒，辛温通窍，调节血气，行滞化瘀，温肺益气，祛风通窍，且药源广泛，对人体无害，治疗慢性鼻炎效果显著。有效率达82.2％，良好为93.5％。
Claims (5)
1.一种治疗慢性鼻炎的中药组合物，其特征在于，各原料药按照重量分数比配置如下：桑叶5-15g，菊花5-15g，杏仁5-15g，粳米10-20g，辛夷花10-20g，侧柏叶5-15g，川芎5-15g，生黄芪10-20g，白术5-15g，防风5-15g，甘草5-15g，川黄柏10-20g，香菜5-15g，桔梗5-15g，苍耳子10-20g。
2.根据权利要求1所述治疗慢性鼻炎的中药组合物，其特征在于，各原料药按照重量分数比配置如下：桑叶5-10g，菊花5-10g，杏仁5-10g，粳米10-15g，辛夷花10-15g，侧柏叶5-10g，川芎5-10g，生黄芪10-15g，白术5-10g，防风5-10g，甘草5-10g，川黄柏10-15g，香菜5-10g，桔梗5-10g，苍耳子10-15g。
3.根据权利要求1所述治疗慢性鼻炎的中药组合物，其特征在于，各原料药按照重量分数比配置如下：桑叶10-15g，菊花10-15g，杏仁10-15g，粳米15-20g，辛夷花15-20g，侧柏叶10-15g，川芎10-15g，生黄芪15-20g，白术10-15g，防风10-15g，甘草10-15g，川黄柏15-20g，香菜10-15g，桔梗10-15g，苍耳子15-20g。
4.根据权利要求1所述治疗慢性鼻炎的中药组合物，其特征在于，各原料药按照重量分数比配置如下：桑叶8-12g，菊花8-12g，杏仁8-12g，粳米12-18g，辛夷花12-18g，侧柏叶8-12g，川芎8-12g，生黄芪12-18g，白术8-12g，防风8-12g，甘草8-12g，川黄柏12-18g，香菜8-12g，桔梗8-12g，苍耳子12-18g。
5.一种如权利要求1-4任一所述治疗慢性鼻炎的中药组合物的制备方法，其特征在于，当所述中药组合物为蜜炼丸剂时，其制备方法如下：
将各原料药加水浸泡30分钟至1小时，加热煮沸30分钟，过滤，滤液备用；滤渣加水，第二次加热，煮沸30分钟，再过滤，滤液备用；滤渣再加水，第三次加热煮沸40分钟，过滤；将三次滤液合在一起，加热浓缩至糊状，放入烘箱，控制在80℃，烘干后冷却，与蜂蜜混在一起搓成细条，制丸腊封包装；
或者，当中药组合物的剂型为胶囊剂，其制备方法如下：
将各原料药加总重量10倍量的乙醇，加热回流提取3次，每次2小时，将3次提取液合并，减压回收乙醇，并浓缩至药液浓度为0.5g生药/mL，抽滤后，滤液的相对密度为20℃时1.08；所述滤液流经体积为10L的吸附树脂柱，之后用10倍树脂柱体积的去离子水或蒸馏水洗脱，再用5倍树脂柱体积的95％乙醇洗脱，收集乙醇洗脱液，去除乙醇溶剂，得到组份药粉，装入胶囊制为胶囊剂。
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| CN102772729A (zh) * | 2012-08-21 | 2012-11-14 | 孙凤梅 | 一种治疗鼻炎的药物及其制备方法 |
| CN103948680A (zh) * | 2014-04-12 | 2014-07-30 | 姜义祥 | 一种治疗肺寒型鼻炎的鼻炎栓及其制备方法 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102772729A (zh) * | 2012-08-21 | 2012-11-14 | 孙凤梅 | 一种治疗鼻炎的药物及其制备方法 |
| CN102772729B (zh) * | 2012-08-21 | 2014-05-07 | 孙凤梅 | 一种治疗鼻炎的药物及其制备方法 |
| CN103948680A (zh) * | 2014-04-12 | 2014-07-30 | 姜义祥 | 一种治疗肺寒型鼻炎的鼻炎栓及其制备方法 |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102579871B (zh) | 2013-10-30 |
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