CN102578995B - Method for diagnosing organs of humans and animals and implementation device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to medical diagnosis. A method actually includes that television optical images of an examined organ are separated from each other and are received as time goes on, and an image editing parameter is compared with a standard parameter. A surface image of the examined organ is received by a replaceable nozzle. Color and additional geometric parameters including perimeter, area, radius, length, width, the images and a turning point of an indivisible portion are recognized. A color and geometric parameter field is built to be used for determining change of the size of the organ. Current and reference information is compared with pathological data, from a storage region, of the examined organ. A medical examination device comprises the replaceable nozzle, leads the method to be implemented, and has the technical advantages that accuracy of pathological diagnosis of various organs of a human body is increased.

Description

The diagnosis device for carrying out said of human and animal's organ

The present invention relates to monitoring and its device for carrying out said of a kind of Noninvasive (nondestructive, not need surgical intervention) human organ.The scope of application comprises medicine, and diagnosis human organ (ear, throat, gynecological, skin), also can be for the abnormal assessment of animal organ in veterinary drug.

The method of the human organ monitoring of various Noninvasives (destructiveness) is known, and is used widely.For example, ultrasound wave or TV [2,13], etc.

The basic feature of these method and apparatus is according to certain method, algorithm or theoretical model, image to be analyzed, and then determines the pathology of organ.For example,, when detecting that being examined organ pipe and other parts (point, entity) draws at the surface appearance color of [3,9-12] and the variation of shape the conclusion that pathology exists.

The shortcoming of this method and apparatus is narrow application range (can only be used for the diagnosis of a human organ), low speed and high price.

In addition, these method and apparatus can not operate under automatic mode, because they can only provide the relevant information of organ to operator (doctor), these professional persons (expert) draw the pathology conclusion that organ exists.

As prototype, we consider the medical diagnostic method of cervix uteri, and wherein target organ (uterus) is illuminated by incoherent light source in pathology front and rear, produce a pair of image of comparing [4].Realize the device of the method, comprise gynecological and urinary system chair, control unit, the mechanical arm that comprises TV camera, image input block, light source, computer and interface (for software application).Image obtains by camera and data are stored by computer, and its pathology is analyzed and detected to the shape of organ and change color.

The major defect of method and apparatus comprises: limited function (gynecological diagnosis is only provided), speed and operational paradigm low (can not change rapidly (amendment) diagnostic equipment), (on organ television image, there is hot spot piece (interference) in low accuracy, large scale is overweight high with cost.

Target of the present invention is to provide the method and apparatus of function, efficiency, accuracy and the convenience of having improved human organ dissection and functional conditions diagnosis.

Above-mentioned target is achieved by the method described in known method and claim, the optical imagery of target surface, along with the time is separated from each other, receive, picture editting's parameter is compared with calibration parameter, except known method, described device also comprises the target that will check, gynecological and urinary system chair, side lever, the first and second erecting beds, mechanical arm, color television camera, image input block, computer, light source, the first and second control units, power supply unit, interface.

Of the present invention and difference known method was before movement images running parameter and reference parameter, organ surface image receives with replaceable jet element, color option and extra geological information: girth, area, radius, length and width, the flex point of image itself and inalienable part is identified, for determine geometric parameter and the color parameter field that organ changes be established, use from memory block additional data reference information and the current information of pathology of the organ that will check be compared.

In addition, exchangeable nozzle piece comprises provides the surface of reading from organ, as ear, and nose, larynx, the ingredient of skin and Cervical image.

In addition, the color parameter of organ surface itself and its inalienable part and geometric parameter are by amplifying 200 times of identifications by image.

In addition, light scattering ring is made up of optics trnaslucent materials

In addition, optical filter is and integrated fibre optic plate or cable made.

In addition, adjustable distance fixture is formed into ratch and fixed bar

In addition, compression and filter element comprise the sensor of manual setting light-source brightness

In addition, incoherent light source is as light source

In addition, optical filter, image amplifier is connected by a two-way mechanical linkage with color television camera

In addition, mechanical arm is installed in placement human or animal's the equipment with the second erecting bed and bar

Place in addition human or animal's equipment, for example treatment table, gynaecological examination chair or urinary system chair can be used

Different from known method, but with its very approach, the feature of the method proposing is, before movement images parameter, come from reference and the current colour TV picture needed resolution of parameter that defined surperficial topological structure and change color (image) according to assessment that incoherent light source receives and be filtered, improve and determine, get rid of corner simultaneously, large scale and color of image do not mate, with with the change of calibration parameter movement images parameter after, organ pathology is evaluated.

Different from known method, but very approaching, the feature of the method proposing is that light light diffuser ring adopts light scattering trnaslucent materials to make, optical filter adopts fibre optic plate to make, amplifying unit is designed to optical lens element, and replaceable jet element is designed for provides the image that reads ear, throat, skin and uterus.In addition, in provided device, the fixture of adjustable distance is formed into ratch and fixed bar.

Described invention meets the requirement of unity of invention, because one of target of invention (equipment) is the machine performance method of the function-a kind of Non-Destructive Testing target in order to realize other target of stating, thereby two objects of invention are all in order to solve same problem, obtain same technique effect.

The method and apparatus providing is in accompanying drawing 1-11 explanation.

Fig. 1: device block diagram, for human body of the present invention and animal organ diagnose the parts block diagram of device for carrying out said;

Fig. 2: adjustable distance fixture, has shown the structure of adjustable distance fixture;

Fig. 3: replaceable jet element, wherein Fig. 3 a is the replaceable jet element in research uterus (application-gynecological), Fig. 3 b is the replaceable jet element of the device of research skin (application-department of dermatologry), Fig. 3 c is the replaceable jet element of the device of research oral area throat (application-laryngoscope), and Fig. 3 d is the replaceable jet element of the device of research external ear (application-otoscopy);

Fig. 4: light diffuser ring;

Fig. 5: be compression and filter element, illustrate compression and filtering circuit figure;

Fig. 6: human organ pathological image, Fig. 6 a is metrorrhagia, Fig. 6 b is Candida albicans;

Fig. 7: healthy organ image, Fig. 7 a, Fig. 7 b be corresponding diagram 6a, Fig. 6 b image of (ametria hemorrhage, without Candida albicans) under health status respectively;

Fig. 8: the distribution of color of healthy organ image, Fig. 8 a is that red color distributes, and Fig. 8 b is that green tint distributes, and Fig. 8 c is blue COLOR COMPOSITION THROUGH DISTRIBUTION;

Fig. 9: non-healthy organ (metrorrhagia) image color distributes, Fig. 9 a is that red color distributes, and Fig. 9 b is that green tint distributes, and Fig. 9 c is blue COLOR COMPOSITION THROUGH DISTRIBUTION;

Figure 10: reference picture geometric parameter field is the geometric parameter field of healthy organ (without pathology) reference picture, wherein numeral 57 represents that reference diagram thinks ingredient;

Figure 11: present image geometric parameter field is the geometric parameter field of the present image of non-healthy organ (having pathology), and wherein 57 is present image ingredient, consistent with the reference picture of Figure 10,58 is present image ingredient, inconsistent with reference picture, is pathogenic site.

In Fig. 1, following digital implication:

1 object that will check

2 smooth diffuser rings

3 light sources

4 optical filters

5 image amplifiers

6 color television cameras

7 image input blocks

8 compression and filter elements

9 first control units

10 second control units

11 power supply units

12 interfaces

13 memory blocks

14 computers

15 gynecological and urinary system chair

16 side levers

17 first erecting beds

18 second erecting beds

19 adjustable distance fixtures

20 replaceable jet elements

21 the 3rd control units

22 mechanical arms

: the connection of Fig. 1 is as follows

This device is worked under two kinds of patterns: standby mode (with reference to preparing) and control.Under holding state, form the color reference image of healthy organ.For this reason, the signal that comes from computer (14), by interface (12) and the second control unit (10), light source (3), illuminates the surface that will check organ by light diffuser ring (2), opens.Light source (3) is made up of light emitting diode, and light diffuser ring (2) is made up of photodiffusion material, and wherein the light of required wavelength forms by the light beam of a dispersion.In this process, computer (14) is by interface (12), power supply unit (11), compression and filter element (8) and the second control unit (10) are controlled the transmitting power of light source (3).The surface that is illuminated of organ (object of study) is by optical filter (4) perception and transmission, if camera lens (5) is to color television camera (6) input via image amplifier.Optical filter (4) is the image of the organ surface for producing high-quality (color, anti-dazzle).Optical cable or plate are as optical filter.

Fiber optic component provides: every bundle light, turn to arbitrarily angled at the end of plate or cable, and from the multiple reflections of fibre wall, form a narrow circular cone, shine on the surface of material.Have the surface of this light level can show light, surface tilt region is illuminated as corner angle in the mode of dark contour line.Fibre optic plate (cable) illuminates along with light declines rapidly along acute angle, and image becomes negative terminal.

Because the factor of any dazzle optical fiber is converted into circular cone light [5,6], this illuminating do not have interference (dazzle) appearance, even if organ surface exists mucus.

The coloured image corresponding with healthy organ surface is increased to the required amplification being determined by the change of shape of needed resolution, color, organ with image amplifier (5).Subsequently, the variation of the CF of organ is examined.The adjustment of amplifying is controlled by adjustable distance fixture (19).For a specific human organ (gynecological, ear, throat, skin) diagnosis, interchangeable nozzle (20) parts are used.The 3rd control unit (21) of computer 14 is by interface (12) command range flexible jig (19) and replaceable jet element (20).

The enlarged image that comes from image amplifier projects to the picture receiver of color television camera (6), is converted into the signal of telecommunication and is write computer (14) by image input block (7).Color television camera (6) has used high resolution camera.As image, video card, for example Aver Media Nano Express is used.After computer (14) stored record image, light diffuser ring (2), light source (3), optical filter (4), image amplifier (5), color television camera (6), adjustable distance fixture (19), replaceable jet element (20), be installed to mechanical arm (22) above by first erecting bed (17) of surperficial Part II, be removed.Mechanical arm (22) is connected to the side lever (16) of gynecological and urinary system chair (15) with the second erecting bed (18).

Therefore the image that, has characterized healthy organ surface is stored in computer (14) storage.Computer (14) is controlled document image to Computer Storage and operating unit 7,9,10,11,12,13,21 process. be recorded to image shows in Computer Storage on computer screen.The ready mode of standard finishes, and starts control procedure, content that ready mode comprises that Here it is.All the other processes are that control model is included.

Under control model, 2-12, the effect of 14-22 parts and standby mode are similar.Under this pattern, the amended image in surface (pathology existence) of the current corresponding organ of image, image reads under holding state, is also recorded in the storage (14) of computer.Relatively, after reference picture and present image, the intensity of variation of organ is determined.Other information of the pre-recorded relevant organ possibility disease at memory block (13) are used.

Fig. 2 is the image of adjustable distance fixture, comprise the stop piece (23) being placed in frame (24), by adjustable distance fixture (19), interchangeable nozzle component can be adjusted, and the distance that has been examined organ and color television camera (6) camera lens can be set

In Fig. 3, show the different distortion of replaceable nozzle assembly.They are designed to the quick variation (also can be used in gynecological, department of dermatologry, department of otorhinolaryngology) in proposed application of installation region

In Fig. 3

25 frames

26 stop pieces

27 slack adjusters

28 supports

29 clamp nuts

30 lids

31 funnels

Fig. 3 A has shown the outward appearance of the equipment proposing for studying cervix uteri (application-gynecological)

Fig. 3 B has shown the outward appearance of the equipment proposing for studying skin (application-department of dermatologry), the equipment proposing comprises a stop piece (26), is connected to frame (25) by slack adjuster (27).

Fig. 3 C has shown the outward appearance of the equipment proposing for studying oral area throat (application-laryngoscope). support (28), is placed with clamp nut (29), in the upper adjusting of frame (25) on it.By clamp nut (29), be fixed on proposed device for the laryngoscope of examination of mouth.According to the support (28) in frame (25), prevent that the lid (30) that proposed device contacts with human body can be adjusted

Fig. 3 D has shown the outward appearance of the equipment proposing for studying external ear.In order to study, when diagnosis, insert the funnel (30) in ear, in the upper adjusting of frame (25).

Fig. 4 has shown the image of light central dispersion (2).

In Fig. 4, following assembly is

32 Printed Circuit Cards

33 stannum rails

34 contact pads

35 Chip-Rs

36 light emitting diodes

37 complex

38 welding windows

Light central dispersion (2) provides the equivalent shadow-free illumination of target.The substrate of light central dispersion (2) is Printed Circuit Card (32), (inside and outside) scribbles photodiffusion material-complex (37). and the parts that are arranged on composite layer are provided with welding window (38), and Chip-R (35) and light emitting diode (36) are mounted.

Light emitting diode (36) on circuit board is arranged to three groups, the corresponding independent Chip-R of every group of light emitting diode (36) (35).Therefore between two Chip-Rs (35), have accordingly one group of light emitting diode (36), it is idle that two welding windows (38) keep.Contact pad (34) is positioned at soldering surface mounted resistance (35) and light emitting diode (36) place to Printed Circuit Card (32)

Fig. 5 has shown the image of compression and filter element, is designed for and reduces input voltage and filter possible interference.

Following building block in Fig. 5:

39 stitch (power supply supply)

40 stitch (output V+)

41 stitch (general GND)

42 stitch (sensor input)

43 stitch (output V-)

44 linear voltage regulators

45 electric capacity

46 single-chip microcomputers

47 resistance

48 transistor switches

49 capacitor C 2

50 capacitor C 3

51 capacitor C 4

52 resistance

53 Zener diodes

54 Zener diodes

55 Zener diodes

56 Zener diodes

Constant voltage is for Zener diode (53) and (54) Input Online voltage regulator (44)+5V voltage to linear voltage regulator (44), as the power supply of single-chip microcomputer (46).Zener diode 53-56 is used for preventing polarity of voltage reversion.

By linear voltage regulator (44), electric capacity (C2) (49) and (C3) (50), voltage filter is employed, when single-chip microcomputer (46) Voltage-output is logical zero, transistor switch (48) cuts out, and power-off stops.In the time that supply voltage reaches 4.3 volts, the voltage levvl inner detector of single-chip microcomputer (46) makes hardware reset, the operation of single-chip microcomputer (46) program.

The clock of single-chip microcomputer (46) is realized with built-in clock generator 9.6MHZ frequency.Due to the program output PB3 of single-chip microcomputer (46), the square-wave signal of 32 milliseconds is produced.The duty factor of single-chip microcomputer (46) PB0 pulse train output 0%, for example constant voltage level logical zero, maintains transistor switch (48) at lock-out state.The execution that starts in single-chip microcomputer (46) program has the delay of 0.33 second to make the voltage and current of equipment enter load model.Move to determine its normal parameter about 0.67 second inner sensor automatic calibration greatly subsequently.The PB4 output of single-chip microcomputer (46) is connected to the negative terminal of the built-in comparator of single-chip microcomputer.The comparator positive output of single-chip microcomputer (46) is connected to builtin voltage source node, and reference voltage is equivalent to 1.1V.

Single-chip microcomputer (46) when calibration measurements is carved into the time delay of internal comparator while coming from that high logic level signal generator exports at PB3.Consequent delay is considered as normally.The equivalent capacity that has improved PB4 input in the process in touch sensor region, has improved the circuit time constant that resistance (47) and electric capacity (45) form.Therefore, in the input of built-in comparator, signal leading edge is delayed, and and normal phase delay raising between logic-high signal and the response of built-in comparator of the PB0 of single-chip microcomputer (46) output generation than (determining between alignment epoch), because single-chip microcomputer (46) is as touch sensor, this is known.

Single-chip microcomputer (46) is in the square pulse of PB0 output 37500hz.The high level signal of single-chip microcomputer PB0 output is by the load current turn-on transistor switch (48) that flows.For example, according to the time of expending the output of the PB0 on logical one (arriving the load cycle signal of transistor switch door) at single-chip microcomputer (46), different by the average current of load in the unit interval.Determine that by the algorithm of LED lamp brightness linear change sensor single-chip microcomputer (46) changes the load cycle signal from 0% to 10% of PB0.Discharging sensor causes brightness adjustment to change (operating by the second control unit 10) with again contacting.

Fig. 6 has shown human organ pathological image.Provided device is provided these images.It has shown the image that is examined organ pipe under pathological conditions.

Fig. 7 has shown the image of healthy organ, and these images come from the device that test provides.It has shown and has been examined the image of organ pipe in the situation that of pathological change.

Fig. 8 has shown the colour TV picture distribution of color rectangular histogram of healthy organ (gynecological-cervix uteri).Rely on described device to obtain these images.On image, show distribution of color density (the green c blueness of the red b of a).Be examined in analysis on the basis of diagnosis of organ pipe, Color Range separates on tone.

Fig. 9 has shown the colour TV picture distribution of color rectangular histogram of the pathology (gynecological-metrorrhagia) of organ.Rely on described device to obtain these images.On image, show distribution of color density (the green c blueness of the red b of a).Be examined in analysis on the basis of diagnosis of organ pipe, Color Range separates on tone.

In provided device, following standard package is used:

Color television camera (model KRC-HD230C: signal format PAL/NTSC; Resolution 520 lines);

Wide collection of illustrative plates cold light source, LED model TO-3228VS;

Light diffuser ring, adopts light diffusion bulk cargo, and for example OP-1P FYO.028.015TU makes;

Micro computer, notebook model;

The operative algorithm of equipment is described below on the whole

$\hat{v}=\mathrm{arcextrj}[F_1,F_2\left(v\right)],---\left(1\right)$

Wherein, F1, F2-function, describes present image and corresponding reference picture,

J-present image and reference picture in abutting connection with number;

-compare with organ of reference (structural element of human organ shape characterization changes for color, position), change the assessment of desired parameters, geometric properties (girth, area, width, length, the number that image outline changes).

By the analysis function combinations that is mutually related, the position and the color that are examined region surface are evaluated.In the time again identifying, colored region as follows [3] is determined:

C _r＝1，where?C _g＝C _b＝C _p＝C _y＝C _1b＝C _w＝0?or?J _R＝1，J _G＝J _B＝0；

C _g＝1，where?C _r＝C _b＝C _p＝C _y＝C _1b＝C _w＝0ИлИJ _G＝1，J _R＝J _B＝0；

C _b＝1，where?C _r＝C _g＝C _p＝C _y＝C _1b＝C _w＝0ИлИJ _B＝1，J _R＝J _G＝0；

C _p＝1，пpИC _r＝C _b＝1，C _g＝C _y＝C _1b＝C _w＝0ИлИJ _R＝J _B＝1，J _G＝0；

C _y＝1，пpИC _r＝C _g＝1，C _b＝C _p＝C _1b＝C _w＝0ИЛИJ _R＝J _G＝1，J _B＝0；

C _1b＝1，пpИC _b＝C _g＝1，C _r＝C _p＝C _y＝C _w＝0ИлИJ _G＝J _B＝1，J _R＝0；

C _w＝1，пpИCr＝C _g＝C _b＝1，C _p＝C _y＝C _1b＝0ИлИJ _R＝J _G＝J _B＝1，

Wherein C _r, C _g, C _b, C _p, C _y, C _1b, C _wred, green, blueness, purple, yellow, light blue, the corresponding level of white.

J _r, J _g, J _b: corresponding correlation function, characterizes red, green, blue.

Therefore, the function J that is mutually related like this _r, J _g, J _bcombination can determine any color that is examined region surface.

The mode [4] of the function that is mutually related is described below:

$J_R(\mathrm{\ξ},\mathrm{\η})=K_{\mathrm{\Π}}\underset{s}{\∫}{F}_1^C(x_1,y_1)F_2^R(x_2,y_2)\mathrm{dxdy};$

$J_B(\mathrm{\ξ},\mathrm{\η})=K_{\mathrm{\Π}}\underset{s}{\∫}{F}_1^C(x_1,y_1)F_2^B(x_2,y_2)\mathrm{dxdy};$ $J_G(\mathrm{\ξ},\mathrm{\η})=K_{\mathrm{\Π}}\underset{s}{\∫}{F}_1^C(x_1,y_1)F_2^G(x_2,y_2)\mathrm{dxdy},$

Wherein -function, with color description present image (coordinate X ₁, O ₁, y ₁)

-function, describes reference picture (coordinate transmit RGB color component separately.

K-proportionality constant.

The geometric properties that is examined surf zone is described by following mode [5]:

$\mathrm{N\Π}=\underset{i-1}{\overset{n^{\′}}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}\mathrm{\Π};$

X _c, Y _cthe barycentric coodinates of image area structure part;

Δ M _kX, Δ M _kYat relevant axial basic point;

N _κthe number i profile number of putting on profile;

the area of the image area structure part that profile comprises;

S _cform factor;

P profile girth;

The overbending of B profile;

The number of Nb profile overbending;

The overbending of B profile;

The overbending No of J profile i.

The area S of profile _sedetermine after and the required necessary information of reference picture current in reception by following the trail of outline portion with girth P, compare as follows:

Thus, diagnosis is carried out.

The operation cycle of device completes the present image that is examined target, and that provided device is provided is received and be stored in data base.Patient's medical diagnosis card is filled in simultaneously.Accept to be examined dazzle in the video process of target is removed by developing special algorithm.Then compare with reference picture by the received present image of special software module.The spectral color feature of present image and reference picture is compared.Therefore diagnosed SARS case symptom following characteristics is used

1) color (red, green, blue, purple, Huang, indigo plant and white tone)

2) (profile overbending number N b) for form factor Sc, radius R for shape

3) dimensions (area S _se, girth P, and corresponding variable-length 1 and width B)

4) position coordinates X _c, Y _cdirection α with pathology)

Therefore, in provided device, two geometric parameter fields: with reference to (pre-prepd) and current (instant acquisition).Two parameter fields as shown in FIG. 10 and 11.

If change and be exceeded with the corresponding threshold values of mode (1), the decision of the variation of (pathology existence) organ draws.

Figure 11 has shown organic image, and edge is identified by entity line; These images are converted with reference picture and are kept in the storage of device according to formula (1).

Compare with existing, the method and apparatus providing has larger capacity and function, speed, sensitivity, degree of accuracy and is easy to dissect the functional status of diagnosis and human organ.Evidence comes from device work:

Because provided device has merged four diagnostic functions: the diagnosis of cervix uteri, ear, throat and skin, and known device can only be carried out a kind of diagnostic function, function is modified;

Because quick variation (gynecological, ear, throat, the skin) efficiency of nozzle improves.In addition, known device (such as other device) can only be diagnosed a human organ.The high efficiency of this device obviously has at a high speed.

The pinpoint accuracy of this device is reached by the high-quality colour television image that is examined organ pipe.High image quality is filtered and is eliminated dazzle (interferences) by light, the image that receives required size definite by installing required resolution

The high convenience of dissection and functional diagnosis is achieved: 1 combines four diagnostic functions (gynecological, ear, throat, skin); 2 is lightweight, and volume is little, and price is low.

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Claims (11)

1. medical diagnosis device, comprise the equipment of settling animal or human, the first and second erecting beds, wherein first erecting bed is installed the color television camera with at least one light source, this medical diagnosis device also comprises power supply unit, computer, control the first control unit of color television camera by an image input block being connected with computer, with the second control unit of controlling light source, the first control unit is all connected with computer by interface with the second control unit, its difference is that this medical diagnosis device also comprises a light diffuser ring being positioned between Target organ and light source, be linked in sequence to optical filter the image amplifier between Target organ and color television camera according to optics, this medical diagnosis device also comprises the adjustable distance fixture connecting successively, replaceable jet element and the 3rd control unit, adjustable distance fixture is connected with the independence outlet to replaceable jet element entrance, the 3rd control unit is connected with adjustable distance fixture and interface independence two-way, in addition, this medical diagnosis device also comprises two-way and is connected to the memory block of interface, compression and filter element, compression is connected with power supply unit with two independent outlets that are connected to the second control unit and color television camera by an entrance with filter element.

2. the device of claim 1, its difference is that replaceable jet element is grouped into the surperficial reading images guaranteeing from organ by movable part.

3. the device of claim 1, its difference is that light diffuser ring optics trnaslucent materials makes.

4. the device of claim 1, its difference is that optical filter is that integrated fiber optics plate or cable made.

5. the device of claim 1, its difference is that image amplifier is an optical lens.

6. the device of claim 1, its difference is that compression and filter element comprise luminance sensor.

7. the device of claim 1, its difference is that incoherent light source is used as light source.

8. the device of claim 1, its difference is that optical filter, image amplifier and color television camera are connected by a two-way mechanical linkage.

9. the device of claim 1, its difference is that mechanical arm is arranged in the equipment of settling human or animal.

10. the device of claim 1, its difference is that the equipment for settling human or animal is treatment table.

The device of 11. claim 10, its difference is that treatment table is gynaecological examination chair or urinary system chair.