CN102578082A - Method for controlling loss of pesticide at high efficiency and low cost - Google Patents
Method for controlling loss of pesticide at high efficiency and low cost Download PDFInfo
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- CN102578082A CN102578082A CN201210007509XA CN201210007509A CN102578082A CN 102578082 A CN102578082 A CN 102578082A CN 201210007509X A CN201210007509X A CN 201210007509XA CN 201210007509 A CN201210007509 A CN 201210007509A CN 102578082 A CN102578082 A CN 102578082A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for controlling loss of a pesticide at high efficiency and low cost, that is to say, a compounding ingredient of colloid-level attapulgite, kieselguhr, kaolin, sawdust, chitosan, non-ionic polyacrylamide and pregelatinized starch is added into the pesticide according to a certain proportion. According to the invention, the volatilization and the leaching loss of the pesticide can be effectively reduced, the pesticide effect is prolonged, the application frequency and the amount are decreased, a pesticide storehouse can be formed on the leaf surface and the soil surface, the pesticide can be continuously and stably provided as required at any time, and a situation that no pesticide is applied to the insect cannot be formed, so that the plant diseases and insect pests can be controlled economically, effectively and reasonably, and the pollution of the pesticide on the human health and the environmental pollution is reduced to the lowest limit. The method for controlling the loss of the pesticide at high efficiency and low cost has the advantages of specific mechanism, abundant raw materials, low cost, environmental friendliness, simple process, labor saving and time saving, both production and income increasing, easy accepting by farmers, and larger market prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agriculture field, be specifically related to the method that a kind of efficient, low-cost control agricultural chemicals runs off.
Background technology
Agricultural chemicals is that agricultural is protected the assurance of producing good harvest.In a single day the whole world if discontinue medication or serious inappropriate medication, will reduce harvest 25-40% after 1 year owing to the crops harvest yield that disease, worm, grass, the plague of rats lose is equivalent to 1/3rd of potential gain, will reduce 40-60% after 2 years so that total crop failure.China because agricultural chemicals is retrieved 2,500 ten thousand tons in grain, 400,000 tons in cotton, 8,000,000 tons of vegetables, 3,300,000 tons of fruits, reduces about 30,000,000,000 yuan of economic loss every year on average.Traditional application method because of wind, Exposure to Sunlight, the agricultural chemicals that causes of drenching with rain runs off and decompose and reach 60%-80% usually; Cause the active ingredient rate of release fast, therefore problems such as drug effect efficiency time weak point spray repeatedly; Dosage is doubled and redoubled; Cause ecosystem balance to be destroyed, soil environment and water body environment pollution are serious day by day, but also can cause the pesticide resistance of damage by disease and insect.Therefore, be conceived to the improvement of existing pesticide species processing formulation and prescription, the improvement of physical and chemical performance, the development of efficient, low toxicity, less-persistent pesticide, the improvement of method for using etc. becomes the major issue that solution is badly in need of in modern agriculture production.In many methods, the pesticide slow-release technology shows flourish gesture, becomes one of main direction of modern agricultural chemicals development.This be because; Slow release method is intended to according to damage by disease and insect pests occurrence rule, characteristics and environmental condition; With agricultural chemicals process with necessary dosage, in the specific time, arrival sustainedly and stably needs the place; Keeping enough lasting periods, can be economical, safety, reasonably control damage by disease and insect effectively, bottom line is reduced in the pollution of environment to agricultural chemicals again.
Pesticide slow-releasing agent mainly is divided into physical and chemical type two big classes at present, and the former mainly relies on the physical bond between macromolecular compound and former medicine to form, and comprises microcapsules body, equal one, inclusion compounds and adsorptivity goods etc.; The latter be between former medicine and the macromolecular compound through the chemical reaction be combined into, comprise that former medicine directly combines with macromolecule, multiple modes such as crosslinked combination and complexing.Wherein the development with the physical sustained release agent is particularly rapid.Though existing pesticide slow-release technology has obtained success in various degree, also exists problem more or less, not high like slowly-releasing efficient, cause secondary pollution etc., and mostly because of complex process, the higher large-scale promotion application that is difficult to of cost.Because China's slow release method is also relatively backward at present, slow-release material preparation technology is still immature, also is difficult to control agricultural chemicals rate of release accurate, science; The influence factor of adding the damage by disease and insect generation is a lot; Its rule is comparatively complicated, so rate of release is difficult to mate with the damage by disease and insect pests occurrence rule, causes worm not have medicine easily or has medicine not have the result of worm; So not only cause the loss and the waste of agricultural chemicals, can't reach desirable control efficiency.
Research of Nanjing Normal University shows that degree of roughness and its regulation of absorbing dust capability on leaf surface are positively related.We are inspired by this, have invented a kind of method that agricultural chemicals runs off of controlling, main through control lose material with pesticide molecule attached on plant leaf surface and the soil surface; Reduce its mobility; Reduce volatilization, improve its anti-chance water wash ability, thereby reach the purpose that control is run off.The agricultural chemicals control is lost technology and is with the difference of existing slow release method: the one, and scientific goal is different, and the former is the loss to pesticide molecule, and the latter is the rate of release to pesticide molecule; The 2nd, principle is different, and the former forms the micro-nano network structure through the modified clay self assembly pesticide molecule is fixed on blade face and soil surface, and the latter reduces the pesticide molecule rate of release through methods such as microcapsules, chemical bond, absorption, parcels; The 3rd, the keeping method is different, and the former forms " agricultural chemicals storehouse ", supplies with damage by disease and insect by " with need with getting ", does not have the rate of release problem, can not cause the result of " having worm not have medicine ", and the latter to be the agricultural chemicals that discharges just can be used to prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
The present invention provides a kind of novel, high efficiency, low cost, technology simply to control the method that agricultural chemicals runs off; Be that relevant enterprise and peasant accept easily; Be easy to large scale application, thereby can alleviate environment, economy and social concern that traditional applications of pesticide cause.
Summary of the invention
For deficiency and the defective of alleviating prior art, the invention provides a kind of method that agricultural chemicals runs off of controlling efficiently, cheaply.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
Control the method that agricultural chemicals runs off efficiently, cheaply, it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) with colloid attapulgite, diatomite, kaolin, wood chip, shitosan, non-ionic polyacrylamide and pre-gelatinized starch according to 75-100: 25-40: 25-40: 10-20: 10-20: 1-5: the 10-20 mass ratio carries out the composite controlled release agent that makes; Wherein the particle diameter of attapulgite, diatomite, kaolin and wood chip is the 200-300 order, shitosan, polyacrylamide, pre-gelatinized starch particle diameter be the 50-300 order;
(2) evenly add in the agricultural chemicals according to the mass ratio of 10-20% controlling agent, through disk, wave or extruder grain obtains control and loses granular pesticide step (1).
The described method of controlling the agricultural chemicals loss efficiently, cheaply, it is characterized in that: described agricultural chemicals comprises insecticide, bactericide, nematocide, weed killer herbicide and plant growth regulator.
The described method of controlling the agricultural chemicals loss efficiently, cheaply is characterized in that: agricultural chemicals is lost in described control can process pulvis or control mistake agricultural chemicals emulsion.
The described method of controlling the agricultural chemicals loss efficiently, cheaply; It is characterized in that control loses the agricultural chemicals emulsion preparation method and be: with colloid attapulgite, diatomite, kaolin, wood chip and pre-gelatinized starch according to 75-100: 25-40: 25-40: 10-20: the 10-20 mass ratio carries out the composite controlled release agent that makes; Pass through high speed shear 10-30min then; The control rotating speed is 15000 rev/mins, and particle diameter requires to be the 500-700 order; Then, evenly add in the emulsifiable concentrates for agricultural chemicals according to the mass ratio of 10-30%, agricultural chemicals comprises insecticide, bactericide, nematocide, weed killer herbicide, plant growth regulator, ultrasonic 10-20min, and packing is control and loses the agricultural chemicals emulsion.
Principle of the present invention is: lose granular pesticide and pulvis for control: attapulgite, diatomite, kaolin, wood chip and pre-gelatinized starch are built bridge at the macromolecule of polyacrylamide, shitosan after meeting water, volume is swept and the net effect of catching under; Elimination of colloid stability takes place and be self-assembled into the micro-nano network structure; Through effects " net is caught " such as hydrogen bond, Van der Waals force and viscous forces and fix the pesticide activity molecule; Amplify its bulk, reduce them from the inner outside migration rate of pesticide granules.Simultaneously; Coarse blade face and soil surface microstructure can effectively be adhered to attapulgite, diatomite, kaolin, wood chip and pre-gelatinized starch on it; Can strengthen its anti-chance water wash ability, run off, prolong drug effect, reduce the formulation rate and the frequency, increase operation rate, at utmost reduce its toxic action health and environment thereby reduce it.
Lose the agricultural chemicals emulsion for control: colloid attapulgite, diatomite, kaolin, wood chip have bigger specific surface area and loose structure, can pesticide molecule is fixing wherein; Pre-gelatinized starch can play modification on attapulgite, diatomite, kaolin, wood chip surface, makes it have good dispersiveness, adds in the agricultural chemicals emulsion and can form uniform and stable pesticidal preparations; Have rheological characteristic preferably, can be securely attached to the coarse page and soil surface, be difficult for the current volatilization of becoming estranged.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, under equal drug effect, can reduce loss 15-30%, prolong EDD 2-6 doubly, reduce consumption 20-40%, reduce dispenser frequency 50-70%.
2, can form " agricultural chemicals storehouse " at blade face and soil surface, support by " with need with getting ", continual and steady, can not form the situation of " having worm not have medicine ".
3, mechanism uniqueness of the present invention, abundant raw material, with low cost, environmental friendliness, technology simple, save labor, increasing both production and income, be easy to have bigger market prospects into the peasant receives.
4, can effectively reduce agricultural chemicals volatilization, runoff and seepage loss, pesticide activity component is kept within the specific limits, prevent and treat its diffusion and migration, and then can reduce the pollution of agricultural chemicals water body and soil.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1: with colloid attapulgite, diatomite, kaolin, wood chip, shitosan, non-ionic polyacrylamide, pre-gelatinized starch according to 75: 35: 30: 15: 15: 3: 15 mass ratioes carried out the composite controlled release agent that makes; Wherein to require be 250 orders to the particle diameter of attapulgite, diatomite, kaolin and wood chip, shitosan, polyacrylamide, pre-gelatinized starch particle diameter to require be 100 orders.Then, the mass ratio according to 15% evenly adds in the liquid insecticide, obtains control mistake granular pesticide through waving granulation.
Embodiment 2: with colloid attapulgite, diatomite, kaolin, wood chip, shitosan, non-ionic polyacrylamide, pre-gelatinized starch according to 100: 40: 25: 20: 20: 5: 10 mass ratioes carried out the composite controlled release agent that makes; Wherein to require be 200 orders to the particle diameter of attapulgite, diatomite, kaolin and wood chip, shitosan, polyacrylamide, pre-gelatinized starch particle diameter to require be 150 orders.Then, the mass ratio according to 20% evenly adds in the powder insecticide, obtains control and loses pesticide powder.
Embodiment 3: with colloid attapulgite, diatomite, kaolin, wood chip and pre-gelatinized starch according to 75: 20: 40: mass ratio carried out the composite controlled release agent that makes in 10: 10; Pass through high speed shear (rotating speed is 15000 rev/mins) 20min then, it is 700 orders that particle diameter requires.Then, the mass ratio according to 20% evenly adds in the insecticide emulsifiable concentrate (chlopyrifos), ultrasonic 10min, and packing is control and loses the chlopyrifos emulsion.Control mistake chlopyrifos and common chlopyrifos are to rice fulgorid control efficiency (%) in the paddy rice, and dosage is 1000 gram/hectares, adopt the cauline leaf spraying:
| 1 day | 10 days | 30 days | 40 days | |
| Chlopyrifos is lost in control | 80 | 100 | 97 | 95 |
| Common chlopyrifos | 45 | 70 | 20 | 0 |
Claims (4)
1. control the method that agricultural chemicals runs off efficiently, cheaply for one kind, it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) colloid attapulgite, diatomite, kaolin, wood chip, shitosan, non-ionic polyacrylamide and pre-gelatinized starch are carried out the composite controlled release agent that makes according to the 75-100:25-40:25-40:10-20:10-20:1-5:10-20 mass ratio; Wherein the particle diameter of attapulgite, diatomite, kaolin and wood chip is the 200-300 order, shitosan, polyacrylamide, pre-gelatinized starch particle diameter be the 50-300 order;
(2) evenly add in the agricultural chemicals according to the mass ratio of 10-20% controlling agent, through disk, wave or extruder grain obtains control and loses granular pesticide step (1).
2. the method for controlling the agricultural chemicals loss efficiently, cheaply according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described agricultural chemicals comprises insecticide, bactericide, nematocide, weed killer herbicide and plant growth regulator.
3. the method for controlling the agricultural chemicals loss efficiently, cheaply according to claim 1 is characterized in that: agricultural chemicals is lost in described control can process pulvis or control mistake agricultural chemicals emulsion.
4. the method for controlling the agricultural chemicals loss efficiently, cheaply according to claim 3; It is characterized in that control mistake agricultural chemicals emulsion preparation method is: colloid attapulgite, diatomite, kaolin, wood chip and pre-gelatinized starch are carried out the composite controlled release agent that makes according to the 75-100:25-40:25-40:10-20:10-20 mass ratio; Pass through high speed shear 10-30min then; The control rotating speed is 15000 rev/mins, and particle diameter requires to be the 500-700 order; Then, evenly add in the emulsifiable concentrates for agricultural chemicals according to the mass ratio of 10-30%, agricultural chemicals comprises insecticide, bactericide, nematocide, weed killer herbicide, plant growth regulator, ultrasonic 10-20min, and packing is control and loses the agricultural chemicals emulsion.
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| CN201210007509.XA CN102578082B (en) | 2012-01-12 | 2012-01-12 | Method for controlling loss of pesticide at high efficiency and low cost |
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| CN201210007509.XA CN102578082B (en) | 2012-01-12 | 2012-01-12 | Method for controlling loss of pesticide at high efficiency and low cost |
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| CN102578082A true CN102578082A (en) | 2012-07-18 |
| CN102578082B CN102578082B (en) | 2014-08-13 |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103155915A (en) * | 2013-02-04 | 2013-06-19 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Novel high-efficiency method for controlling flow-away and degradation of pesticides |
| CN103355291A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2013-10-23 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Novel efficient method for improving adhesive capability of pesticide |
| CN105461416A (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2016-04-06 | 青岛鑫润土苗木专业合作社 | Fermented water retention type sustained-release preparation and preparation method |
| CN106538590A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2017-03-29 | 中国科学院微生物研究所 | A kind of seed dressing synergist and preparation method and application |
| CN108271771A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-07-13 | 北京交通大学 | A kind of eco-friendly pesticide control helplessness agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN109769822A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-05-21 | 北京中捷四方生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of novel plant protective agent and its disease-resistant method |
| CN111134115A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-05-12 | 东华大学 | Pesticide retention agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN111838143A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-10-30 | 宁夏农林科学院植物保护研究所（宁夏植物病虫害防治重点实验室） | Application of nano-assistant for improving biological activity of pesticide |
| CN113875773A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-01-04 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Nanometer preparation for preventing and controlling wheat powdery mildew and preparation method thereof |
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Patent Citations (4)
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| US5188824A (en) * | 1988-12-19 | 1993-02-23 | Dowelanco | Stable concentrates and emulsions of water-insoluble organic pesticides |
| CN101897339A (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2010-12-01 | 陕西上格之路生物科学有限公司 | Herbicide composition containing cinosulfuron and penoxsulam |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103155915A (en) * | 2013-02-04 | 2013-06-19 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Novel high-efficiency method for controlling flow-away and degradation of pesticides |
| CN103155915B (en) * | 2013-02-04 | 2014-06-04 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Novel high-efficiency method for controlling flow-away and degradation of pesticides |
| CN103355291A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2013-10-23 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Novel efficient method for improving adhesive capability of pesticide |
| CN105461416A (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2016-04-06 | 青岛鑫润土苗木专业合作社 | Fermented water retention type sustained-release preparation and preparation method |
| CN106538590A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2017-03-29 | 中国科学院微生物研究所 | A kind of seed dressing synergist and preparation method and application |
| CN108271771A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-07-13 | 北京交通大学 | A kind of eco-friendly pesticide control helplessness agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN109769822A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-05-21 | 北京中捷四方生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of novel plant protective agent and its disease-resistant method |
| CN111134115A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-05-12 | 东华大学 | Pesticide retention agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN111838143A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-10-30 | 宁夏农林科学院植物保护研究所（宁夏植物病虫害防治重点实验室） | Application of nano-assistant for improving biological activity of pesticide |
| CN113875773A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-01-04 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Nanometer preparation for preventing and controlling wheat powdery mildew and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102578082B (en) | 2014-08-13 |
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