CN102575859A

CN102575859A - Device and method for cooling down and/or warming up fluid

Info

Publication number: CN102575859A
Application number: CN2010800436769A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何塞·马丁内斯·加兰
Original assignee: Hemera Energlas Renovables Espana S L U
Current assignee: Hemera Energlas Renovables Espana S L U
Priority date: 2009-09-29
Filing date: 2010-09-27
Publication date: 2012-07-11
Anticipated expiration: 2030-09-27
Also published as: EP2306102A1; PT2306102E; EP2306102B1; WO2011038878A1; CN102575859B; ES2407985T3

Abstract

The present invention refers to a device for cooling down and warming up fluid. For each of cooling down and warming up, the device provides of at least one opening (1; 2) for emitting fluid (3), wherein the at least one opening corresponding to cooling down is such that emitted fluid falls or is splashed or sprayed through air. Moreover, the invention refers to a method of changing a temperature of fluid. According to this method, a device for cooling down and warming up fluid (3) is used, wherein fluid is emitted by one or more opening/s (2) corresponding to warming up, such that the emitted fluid is exposed to solar radiation; or fluid is emitted by one or more opening/s (1 ) corresponding to cooling down, such that the fluid falls or is splashed or sprayed through air. Thereby, an evaporation of the emitted fluid is intensified, due to which heat is extracted from the fluid which is, thereby, cooled down.

Description

The apparatus and method of cooling and/or heating liquid

The invention provides the apparatus and method with the controlled exchange of external environment heat energy, more particularly, the present invention relates to cool off and/or the apparatus and method of heating liquid.

Background technology

Among the Spain patent No.ES 2002921, disclose a kind of roof alternative structure, this structure provides reflecting surface and the sorbent surface that forms cavity, and these surfaces have ripple and are exposed to solar radiation.Rely on these surfaces temperature separately, contact these surperficial water and be cooled or be heated.

, especially under summer and thermal environment, the cooling capacity of this system is not enough to the refrigerating capacity that provides enough.In addition, this system needs many parts and material, and weight is big, and cost is high, installs complicated.Therefore, provide other a kind of mode of not only freezing but also heat seemingly to be worth very much needs.

For cooling liquid, it further discloses the cooling tower that adopts based on the operation of evaporation principle.Utilize the heat of the interaction transfer liquid vaporization of liquid (normally water) and air.In cooling stack, the malaria buoyancy of generation produces air stream, and this has further increased evaporation.In mechanical-draft cooling tower, adopt fan to produce circulation of air, both promoted evaporation process, emit hot-air again.

, cooling stack must be very high, to evoke the stack effect of desirable strength.In addition, depend on weather, they also possibly produce a large amount of discharge of steam.Therefore, such cooling tower possibly become the factor that aircraft and birds are disturbed, and it is considered to contentious from the viewpoint of relevant environment and urban construction.

On the other hand; Mechanical-draft cooling tower is catabiotic because fan needs working power to drive, they in addition can produce noise; And; Such cooling tower also will be handled the water droplet problem that from cooling device, penetrates, and disseminating of these water droplets is about having the serious factor of Legionnella germ contamination, because warm water provides these vegetative advantage in the cooling tower.

Brief summary of the invention

Therefore, the objective of the invention is, a kind of apparatus and method are provided; Particularly suitable is used for the defective that cooling liquid is avoided above-mentioned prior art simultaneously, and especially, the present invention is devoted to a device that produces and strengthen convection current; Wherein, this device allows to use natural energy resources cooling and heating liquid.

These purposes are achieved through the device of claim 1 and the method for claim 14.Preferred embodiment openly in the dependent claims.

The ability that has cooling and heating liquid according to the device of claim 1 simultaneously; It provide at least one (just one or more) for cooling the opening of atomizing of liquids; (further being called as at least one opening) corresponding to cooling; And at least one (just one or more) for heating the opening of atomizing of liquids, (further be called as at least one corresponding to the heating opening).Wherein, At least one opening of front has the process of such atomizing of liquids, and it comprises the process that liquid falls through air or flies up, through this process that falls or fly up; Strengthened the interaction (particularly evaporation or heat conduction) of liquid and air; Therefore, the part of liquid has been evaporated, and remaining liquid (just not having evaporated liquid) became colder before ingress of air.This reaction especially is improved in a preferred embodiment of the invention; In a preferred embodiment; At least one corresponding to the cooling opening through the spraying liquid jet; So that the liquid surface that contacts with air is expanded through producing a large amount of small water droplets, a large amount of evaporating surfaces is provided simultaneously.Particularly,, one or more spray nozzles are provided for this purpose, and, can carry out through various openings corresponding to the liquid injection of cooling, liquid jet and the dripping drops from opening injection separately collides each other like this, thereby produces small water droplet.Through evaporation, the thermal insulation cooling of liquid takes place.

The embodiment that the present invention is possible

The device of claim 1 has been represented a preferred embodiment of the present invention in view of the above, because of it can be used to cold and regulate temperature warm season.But the invention is not restricted to such combination embodiment.Particularly, below further in the detailed content, the part that is used for cooling liquid also can not comprise the opening of any corresponding heating liquid, not the ability of heating liquid.

As a kind of special liquid, for example, the liquid as water can be used, and some additives such as antifreezing agent possibly are provided, softening agent or disinfectant.

For cooling off each time and heating liquid, a cycle arrangement can be provided, at least one is collected and led back to the liquid that sprays respectively corresponding to the opening of cooling and/or corresponding to the opening that heats, these openings are parts of cycle arrangement.Particularly, a collecting-tank can be installed, limit the end of liquid thus, and/or a gutter is set receives flowing liquid through the process of air for collecting liquid.Liquid also can be collected through the surface as the roof, and said apparatus is installed on the roof.If the characteristic of heating liquid is provided; The whole liquid that cool off so and/or heat can be shared a device; Be directed to one or more opening and one or more openings, and go to handle respectively according to purpose separately corresponding to heating corresponding to cooling.As a kind of selection, two kinds or more kinds of amount of liquid that separates offer cooling and heating discriminably.The liquid that separates like this can have different chemical constituents, and for example, they can be the water that comprises different additive.

This device can comprise an ability from the aerial layout that shields out a space.Such layout further is called as and covers layout, can comprise or by for example plank, stockinette; Membranoid substance or plastic sheeting are formed; They are placed like this, when the sun impinges upon this layout and goes up, the space that deposits at this cloth provided block; And/or become like this, prevent some spaces that this cloth of rainwater invasion deposits.So round-the-clock layout cover or protective zone further is called as the shed space.Be included in the plank that covers in the layout, membranoid substance or similar material are installed to be the inclined-plane with respect to ground, and various planks, membranoid substance are combined or assemble formation this covers layout.

Being coated with and covering layout and have the outward appearance of a prism roughly with the device of isolating sky, be end placement with its side (being different from the bottom surface).Particularly, it can occur with the triangular prism with triangle bottom surface of a recumbency, covers two surfaces of layout corresponding to three parallelogram faces of triangular prism.

As a special example, this layout can look like a roof structure, and quilt is a loft that is covered by the roof with the said space that sky is isolated.The height on this roof can be 2 meters or less than 2 meters, preferably is 1 meter or less than 1 meter, and/or its construction area can have the width between 0.5 meter to 5 meters, and/or the length between 1 meter to 20 meters.But obviously, device of the present invention is not limited to these sizes.

Better, it is inner that at least one opening corresponding to cooling liquid is placed on the shed space of covering layout.Thereby the liquid that ejects is avoided the irradiation of the sun and is warmed, and avoids and outside (and possibly more warm up) rainwater mixing.In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the covering layout that can cover between clearancen is mounted like this, and its forms or limit at least in part a chamber (comprising the shed space), and liquid can be sprayed to be cooled therein.

Covering layout can provide one or more openings, and it takes on into/go out the effect of the air intlet or the air outlet slit of shed space.Be more preferably, at least two such openings are provided, one of them air inlet is arrived said space and the another one venting like this.So, realized through the shed space or the circulation of air of covering chamber, when in this space, carrying out liquid when spraying, can strengthen evaporation, thereby quicken liquid cools for cooling.

One or more split rings as air intlet are around in an elongated air inlet pipe, and its width is along with from the increase of this space length and increase, just as an infundibulate chimney.This can strengthen the wind that gets into the shed space entering and, flow so strengthen accelerating the air of evaporation.

Better; At least one air intlet and one or more air outlet slit provide like this; In case this device is mounted; Air intlet is lower than one or more at least one corresponding in the opening of cooling, and/or air outlet slit is higher than one or more at least one corresponding in the opening of cooling.In other words; On mounted device; Air intlet and air outlet slit are lower or higher corresponding to the opening of cooling than at least one respectively preferablyly; They possibly squint to the side about such opening simultaneously, so they do not need directly to be positioned at below or the top corresponding to the opening of cooling.For example; If collecting-tank is arranged in the position that is lower than the opening that is used for liquid cools (so that atomizing of liquids falls or splashes down or be sprayed to collecting-tank); Said one or more air intlet can below or the neighbor set pond, otherwise one or more air outlet slit can be positioned at the top or the oblique upper of opening corresponding to cooling.So comprising that the air of a direction opposite with gravity flows is achieved, so the liquid that falls passes each other with air stream or led round about.; This installs such design also is possible, and at least one air intlet is positioned at least one top or oblique upper for the opening that cools off, flows so that generate an air that comprises downward direction; Fall, liquid that splash down or spraying also is such motion.

This device can comprise at least one hollow space; This part comprises the air duct that one or more air can flow and maybe can be directed; Have at least one and can make such part of the air duct of air turnover can further comprise opening, can make the air turnover through at least one said air duct of these openings.Better, it is inner and/or pass the air stream of one or more air ducts to be created in one or more air ducts, like this air can be from the extreme higher position of separately air duct or almost the extreme higher position discharge.Therefore, hollow space can produce stack effect as a chimney, but does not have promotion in air.

Through said one or more air intlets that cover layout or through making air get into the air openings of hollow space, outside air can enter into the air duct in shed space or the hollow space respectively.In addition or as a kind of selection, air possibly be directed to the air openings of or more air import or hollow space from other position.For example, have more or the air (such as the air of building or engine output) of still less thermal content (heat energy) can be released out than outside air, and guiding is advanced in this device.

Be directed in this device if having the air of the thermal content lower (heat energy), and liquid passes these air and ejected (for instance, splash down or spray), strengthened cooling effectiveness than external environment.In this way,, rather than utilize surrounding air, obtained the optimization of cooling through possibility to this device guiding air.

In addition; If purpose is heating liquid rather than cooling liquid; The air ratio ambient air that guiding is advanced in this device has higher thermal content (heat energy), and air and the energy exchange between the liquid that the extraction in this device is advanced in guiding help heating liquid, are used to strengthen the efficient of heating process.In addition or as a kind of selection,, be directed the heating that the warm air of this device into can enhance liquid through injecting liquid into by on that surface of solar radiation.For example, warm air can heat the part of whole device or device.If it is warmer than flowing liquid that these parts add thermal result, except that the sun, they also can heat flowing liquid.Otherwise they can avoid or reduce the low temperature cooling liquid of device at least, and it will weaken the heats of the sun.In certain embodiments, a transparent surface is provided at least in part above the heated flowing liquid of needs, discussed in more detail below, warm air also can be directed the space between the surface of into transparent surface and working fluid.Like this, warm air can increase interstitial temperature, so, except the sun, improved the heating of liquid.At least one hollow space can have one or more layer structure, and different layers surrounds one or more space like this, and it forms the part of one or more at least air ducts.In other words, when when such air duct generation air flows, air can pass the space by its path between the different layers of this structure.

Different layers can parallel to each other or inclination.Better, when this device was installed, the ground floor of one of said layer can be exposed to solar radiation.As the result of this radiation, the air in the space, ground floor below is heated better, and the part of at least one air duct is set up or formed in this space.In special preferred embodiment, layer structure comprises the second layer, and in abutting connection with dark one deck space, this space forms the part of identical air duct to the second layer at least in part, and the position, space of back is lower than that space of front at least in part.Because the difference of the temperature of the air in air duct, stack effect can be stimulated better, and the air in its generation or the aggravation air duct flows.

In other words, when this device is mounted and stratiform part top is exposed to sunshine following time, solar radiation can cause heating in the air duct upper part, strengthens the natural airflow in the layer structure of hollow space.This air-flow can further extend to the perimeter of hollow space, for example extends to the space of its below.Through with liquid exposure in this flow air, aggravated evaporation of liquid (and thereupon its cooling).For this purpose, to be in the air stream corresponding to the position of opening of cooling, it is outside but it falls atomizing of liquids like this that perhaps they are positioned at air stream, splashes down or intersperse among in the air stream.When this device is mounted; The import of air duct is provided in to be same plane or to be higher than this plane with one or more openings corresponding to cooling better; Air duct is constructed better like this; Its part causes air and/or better towards because solar radiant energy produces the part of air duct of the heating of air downwards, for example towards the space of ground floor (the just outmost one deck) below of hollow space.

So the present invention provides efficient device and the technology of utilizing natural energy resources, the sun and/or wind to be used in particular for cooling liquid especially, and not energy resource consumption, noise and the vibration of the equipment as the ventilation fan.In any case, for example can provide in addition in the shed space and/or air duct produces the ventilation equipment of air stream.

Be that as the above-described further advantage of the embodiment of layer structure that comprises when drop got into layer structure, for example owing to the strength of air stream, the inner heat of layer structure provided the continuity of evaporation in air duct.Therefore; The discharging of this device exit drop is compared obvious minimizing with the cooling device of routine; Therefore the Legionnella transmission danger reduces to minimum; There is no need to add a large amount of poisonous disinfectants, this is problematic from viewpoint ecology or health, or also there is no need to provide the water droplet gatherer.

When the outermost layer that comprises laminated material (when for example this device being installed, being exposed to this one deck of solar radiation) is heat-sink shell and/or the heat conduction layer as the metal, the beneficial effect of such stratiform hollow space is very exciting.This can provide a special heating space as below the part of air duct outermost, and outermost layer comprises that a corrugated surface also possibly be good.In this case, reduced to cause the variation of solar radiation effect owing to the traveling process of the sun during daytime.Really, in any time of solar radiation, corrugated surface can provide a different sun light beam ranges of incidence angles, and this scope can be similar corresponding to different time.

On the other hand, for the shed space of avoiding comprising corresponding to the opening that cools off is heated, the more deep layer of hollow space can be the insulating materials as plastics or foam or porous membrane.

In a typical embodiment, above-mentioned at least one hollow space is the part of arranging or forming a layout can covering sky can covering sky.In this case, preferably include air that air duct in such hollow space causes passing hollow space (so and also pass this and arrange) from the space that this layout is covered towards the outside of covering layout.In this case, preferably the air in the hollow space flows and to extend to the shed space, so also produce or the air that aggravates in this shed space mobile.Wherein, preferably, liquid through one or more corresponding to the cooling opening at least one eject.In above interpretive mode, the cooling that the air in the shed space flows and promoted evaporation subsequently and aggravated liquid thereupon.

Through forming the layout of covering of this device part, this device can comprise one or more exercisable pleat leaves, so that inhibition or minimizing get into the air quantity in the space of covering with sky.This can help to eliminate the disaster that causes owing to hurricane, perhaps when operation has in the shed space, carry out.These pleat leaves can for example be exercisable, so that close the air intlet that gets into the shed space, perhaps the air of guiding entering is away from the frangible part of this device.

Selectively or in addition, in comprising the embodiment of above-mentioned one or more hollow spaces, provide one or more pleat leaves to be used for stoping (by force) air in the layer structure to flow.These pleat leaves can make the part of the air duct of hollow space close or narrow down, perhaps when high wind occurs, and these pleat leaves of wind drive, the passage that provides high wind to drain is avoided the infringement of this device.The latter's situation, these pleat leaves can be adjusted to certain resistance, and just, when and if only if wind-force surpassed predetermined lower limit, these pleat leaves were just opened drain passage.

The pleat leaf also may be provided in the maintenance work that can make this device and becomes easily, and/or the one or more openings on its ability shutoff device, to stop the rainwater invasion.In addition or as a kind of selection, above one or more air intlets of device or air outlet slit, be provided with protecting component, or such opening can be arranged on the vertical edge of this device, to stop the rainwater invasion.

On the other hand, in some cases, the rainwater invasion is good, and is used for compensating because the liquid that evaporation causes reduces.

As further embodiment of the present invention, at least one layer structure inside of one or more hollow spaces provides at least one of at least one or a plurality of openings corresponding to cooling in this device.Through atomizing of liquids in the space between layer structure, layer structure can provide evaporation chamber or passage.Better, in this case, the liquid of injection is collected in stratified material inside.After the liquid that is collected was carried out possible processing, the latter can be directed back one or more openings corresponding to cooling and cool off.The device of an embodiment like this, liquid fall splash down or the direction of spray and said liquid to be sprayed the mobile direction of air in the space in it consistent.The possibility that realizes consistent like this direction can be the air intlet that one or more hollow spaces are provided on the more high level than one or more at least one corresponding in the opening of cooling.As a kind of selection; The hollow space of stratiform can be such; Flow direction that fall or that splash down or spraying is intersected in the direction that air flows and that space; Through below one or more at least one corresponding in the opening of cooling, the air intlet of one or more entering hollow spaces being provided, this possibility is achieved.

Include the device of following characteristics: promptly, then the advantage of installing more flexibilities can be provided at hollow space internal spray liquid.For example; The such structure of this device can be simplified this device in roof that tilts or underground installation; The adjustable installation of device is become easily, for example, the incidence angle of sun light beam is consistent or at least in scope is set.So, reduce by day during the variation of efficient of this device.

When this device comprised at least one hollow space, the latter also can comprise the internal pipeline of a discharge liquid, or included air duct can be partly and such pipeline adjacency.In such embodiment, the liquid in said pipeline can utilize the cooling effect of air stream.For example, liquid passes such pipeline through guiding can afterwards, be directed to the opening corresponding to cooling by pre-cooled, reaches higher cooling effect by this way.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention; Said at least one opening corresponding to heating liquid is such; When this device is suitably installed; It is injected into the zone that is exposed to solar radiation with liquid, so that the liquid that sprays is heated through sunshine or the surface through this device, this surface is owing to be exposed under the solar radiation and can be heated by sunshine.Particularly, one or more openings corresponding to heating are injected in liquid and maybe can cover the covering on the layout of sky on the hollow space of this device.

Said at least one hollow space of the present invention or cover layout and can comprise a undulatory and/or optically transparent surface.As stated, undulatory surface can provide the angle of different sun light beam incident, like this, reduced by day during because the mobile variation that causes radiation effect of the sun.In addition, when two or more device installed adjacent of the present invention, such surface is useful; Like this; Incide at least a portion of the lip-deep sun light beam of gauffer of one of these devices,, be reflected to the surface of another device that these device cloth deposit via this gauffer surface.When sun light beam maybe be very strong even when they are reflected; This is useful especially in summer; Because in this case; Not only the part of the air duct of a device can be arranged heating by this, therefore advanced each separately the air of air duct flow, and evaporation of liquid and cold is exposed in each of these air streams.And when liquid flew the gauffer surface that is used for said heating liquid device, this surface can provide an extension area that is exposed to solar radiation, had therefore strengthened heat effect.

Cover layout or hollow space and can comprise an optically transparent surface.For example, the outermost layer of hollow space can comprise such transparent part.It can make the space that isolates with sky through this layout, or the inner acquisition daylight illumination that allows of hollow space, and this helps controlling the for example injection of cooling liquid and/or the operation and the layout of corresponding assembling.

In addition or as a kind of selection, this device comprises covers and arranges or hollow space can be covered by the optical clear layer at least in part.Such hyaline layer thereunder provides greenhouse effects, and this can be increased in the effect that adds the effect of hot-air or add the liquid of thermojet in the air duct of this device.In other words, if this device is to be used for cooling liquid, when the air in the air duct flows when can be enhanced, this optical clear layer is useful, also is useful for heating liquid perhaps.For example, the optical clear layer can arrange like this, when opening atomizing of liquids that at least one is used to heat; Below this optical clear layer, because greenhouse effects, that is a heated especially space at least in part in the path of liquid flow; Therefore, improved the heat effect of liquid.Simultaneously, hyaline layer has reduced liquid that an object (for example, polybag) falls into injection and possibly weaken the risk that process that liquid further flows is for example blocked the gutter that further provides.

In addition or as a kind of selection, this device comprises covers and arranges or hollow space is covered by heat conduction layer at least in part, such as metallic surface.Such heat conduction layer can be passed to liquid with heat energy, can increase the efficient of heating atomizing of liquids.For example; Heat conduction layer is to arrange like this; When opening atomizing of liquids that at least one is used to heat, the path of liquid flow at least in part covering arrange and heat conduction layer between, all have directly with two surfaces and contact thereby have liquid that enough little space makes injection.Heat conduction layer is passed to liquid with heat energy, has therefore improved the heat effect of liquid.Simultaneously, heat conduction layer has reduced liquid that an object (for example, polybag) falls into injection and possibly weaken the risk that process that liquid further flows is for example blocked the gutter that further provides.

Even said at least one opening is designated as the opening corresponding to heating here,, also can be used for cooling liquid according to environment temperature.Really, if in cold environment, liquid is ejected at through one or more openings and covers on layout or the hollow space, and it can be cooled rather than be heated.This has special purposes at night, because the outside heat radiation of this device helps to reduce the temperature of apparatus surface at night, therefore can be used for cooling liquid.

This device can be included in the hollow space or layer structure in electrostatic material.This can be used for attracting and collecting drop, further reduces the discharging of drop outside device.

Another aspect of the present invention, above-mentioned various devices can be mounted for a colony.Better, these devices are to arrange like this, and the part on the surface of at least one in these devices can reflex to solar radiation on the part on surface of another device of this colony, and this can improve the utilization to the incident sunshine.For example, as stated, the gauffer surface of one or more at least a portion of these devices can produce this effect.

Used according to the inventionly be used to cool off or the method for the device of heating liquid; Wherein said method can comprise through one or more on the device and corresponding to the step of opening atomizing of liquids of heating, so that the liquid exposure of spraying contacts down or with surface under being exposed to solar radiation in solar radiation.In addition or as a kind of selection; This method can comprise through one or more on the device and corresponding to the step of opening atomizing of liquids of cooling; So that liquid falls through air or splashes down or spray; The evaporation of atomizing of liquids is enhanced, and through from liquid, drawing liquid measure, thereby liquid is cooled.

Preferably; In the time of this method is included in this device one or more opening atomizing of liquids corresponding to cooling or before; The device that uses is exposed to the step of solar radiation,, and therefore produces or strengthened air and flow so that at least a portion of device is heated or is heated through the sun; This air flows and promotes the evaporation of liquid effect of injection, thereby promotes the cooling of liquid.

It should be noted that the preferred embodiments of the present invention depend on the utilization of the natural energy resources or the selectivity energy significantly, only is that the circular flow of liquid possibly need some extra powers.And, the installation that they can be difficult for discovering for example on the roof, therefore, the apparatus and method of cooling provided by the invention and/or heating liquid, for ecology, architecture and urban planning are very useful.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing discloses the special embodiment of the present invention, is embodied in:

Fig. 1 is the see-through view of an embodiment that is used for the device of cooling liquid;

Fig. 2 is the view that is used to cool off with the embodiment of device of heating liquid;

Fig. 3 is the cross section of an exemplary embodiments of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the possible interior view in shed space;

Fig. 5 is the view that is used to cool off with another exemplary embodiments of device of heating liquid;

Fig. 6 is another embodiment of device that is used for cooling liquid;

Fig. 7 is a simplification cross section that is used for the device of cooling liquid; With,

Fig. 8 is three a kind of possible layouts of device.

The detailed description of accompanying drawing

In Fig. 1, a kind of device according to cooling liquid of the present invention is described.It comprises the pipeline with different openings 1, and liquid 3 is made its landing pass air by injection and is collected into collecting-tank 14 from this opening.For replacing such collecting-tank, the surface that said equipment is installed above that can be provided for collection liquid.

Cover and arrange that 4 are further illustrated, it covers a space 5 makes itself and sky isolation, and said pipeline and said collecting-tank are positioned at such shed space.Externally, said covering arranges to have oblique top outward appearance.

In order to reach the purpose of explanation, said covering is arranged in section and is illustrated, and it provides the visual angle that gets into said shed space 5.Further, accompanying drawing show do not have sealing part corresponding to the device of the pediment on a roof.It was noted that in the ordinary course of things the pediment side of said device can be closed.

Each perimeter corresponding to roof area shown in Figure 1 is the outermost surface that comprises the layering hollow space 9 of three parallel layers that form air ducts 10.Indicated like thin arrow, air-flow can arrange that quilt is taken place in 4 in shed space 5 and covering of it.More accurate, air can be through covering the opening 8 entering shed spaces 5 of arranging 4 bottom, closes on said collecting-tank 14 and on the horizontal plane of the pipeline that is lower than atomizing of liquids.In addition, air can pass through said shed space 5 and get into said hollow space 9 on the horizontal plane of the pipeline that is higher than atomizing of liquids.It can be passed in each innermost layer and the inner space between the intermediate layer of these hollow spaces 9 then earlier along its path, pass the space between intermediate layer and the outermost layer then.From the there, it can that is to say through opening 7 in said position effusion access to plant outside of covering the almost topmost of layout 4.

Indicated like bulk pruning, the outer surface towards the observer of accompanying drawing of said hollow space is exposed to solar radiation.Therefore, special, can be heated at the outermost layer of hollow space and the air in the space between the intermediate layer, the air-flow in the space is produced or is strengthened like this, and it extends to whole said air duct 10 and shed space 5.That is to say that because solar radiation, the temperature of air can increase when it passes said air duct, be excited owing to above-mentioned details stack effect like this.In 5 inside, said shed space, the direction of air-flow at least part with injection, land or spatter or atomizing of liquids in the opposite direction, it can be owing to excite or the evaporation process that improves be cooled like this.

Although in Fig. 1, have only one to provide liquid to be illustrated, two (or more) such pipelines can be arranged to the pipeline of opening 1.Each pipeline is provided with one or more openings, is sprayed from said opening liquid.Thereby the liquid of a duct injection and the collision of the liquid phase of another duct injection provide drop.

Fig. 2 show have with Fig. 1 in the similar roof like of illustrated device cover and arrange 4 device.In order to reach the purpose of explanation once more, the device of Fig. 2 does not illustrate from the pediment side yet and is closed, so the part in crested device 4 space of covering is visible.However, said device maybe be by the side-closed of or whole two pediments.

Except that the device characteristic shown in Fig. 1, illustrated device comprises among Fig. 2, on each perimeter, is used for the outer tube (for example special, a kind of liquid) to outside injection stream body, to heat said fluid.Shown in the figure by some liquid that spray corresponding to the opening 2 of heating.The said liquid that is sprayed externally flows down on the zone, at this place its daylight of being represented by thick arrow and by solar energy heating the perimeter heating.Externally regional bottom, rhone 15 is provided for collection liquid.Said gutter and outer tube can form the opening 2 (corresponding to heating) that its liquid that can comprise that the pump unit is collected by rhone with guiding of cycle arrangement partly returns outer tube.As substituting of rhone, the surface that said device is mounted on it can be used to collect liquid.

Selectable, and depend on environment temperature and/or the directly existence of solar radiation, opening 2 also can be used to cooling liquid.

In addition, inner at device, have some pipelines and be illustrated corresponding to the opening 1 that cools off, as shown in Figure 1.Yet on the other side, in the moment shown in Figure 2, there is not liquid to be sprayed.In addition, two Zhe leaves 13 above the pipeline of shed space are described, and wherein said Zhe leaf is operated to suppress air gets into the air duct 10 in the said hollow space 9 that covers layout.Therefore can avoid the air-flow in the said air duct 10, the cooling of the outer surface from bottom to top that it possibly cause when device is used for heating liquid, not expecting.The Zhe leaf also can be provided in another position (selectable or additional).For example the Zhe leaf can be provided in opening 7 and/or opening 8 places, and/or in hollow space 9 with sealing or reduce these openings.

Said outer surface (it can be heated by solar radiation) can be covered (not shown) by hyaline layer and can radiant heat energy seal to said device very much with maintenance.Said solar radiation can not have the such hyaline layer of penetrating of physical loss and heats said outer surface.This hyaline layer can form greenhouse effects with more effective heating liquid.

In Fig. 3, be illustrated according to the simplification cross section of an exemplary device of the present invention.By the device described comprise two layerings hollow space 9 its form roof like and cover and arrange 4 part.The outermost layer 11 of the hollow space of being described on the right side is illustrated being hidden by optical clear surface 20 of part.As what pointed out by thick arrow, said sunshine institute radiation of covering this side of layout, and the said optical clear layer 20 of sunlight penetration.Though the opening 1 corresponding to cooling is illustrated atomizing of liquids 3, the device of being described also can be used for heating liquid.In fact, it provides the opening 2 corresponding to heating.When these opening atomizing of liquids (this state is not illustrated), this liquid can flow down (in the perspective view that in by figure, provides) along the outermost layer 11 on said hollow space right side, and the path part of liquid is hidden by optical clear surface 20 simultaneously.According to above explanation, said surperficial 20 and outermost layer 11 between, greenhouse effects possibly be excited, it can further promote the heating of working fluid.

Although special general layout is shown in Fig. 3, each can be provided as independent of each other at one or different hollow space 9 or cover on the side of layout with hyaline layer 20 and one or more openings corresponding to heating.Special, in the perspective view of Fig. 3, remove the visible hollow space in right side, also have being hidden that the hollow space in left side can part, and/or on this hollow space, can be provided corresponding to the opening 2 that heats by hyaline layer 20.

Said device further comprises two Zhe leaf 13a and two Zhe leaf 13b.As pointed by small arrow, each in these Zhe leaves can move on direction separately.If bottom Zhe leaf 13a, on left side and right side, such athletic meeting is closed and is got into the air intlet of hollow space separately.If upper strata Zhe leaf 13b, the discharge channel that said athletic meeting is opened can make directly separating device of wind through it, does not get into arbitrary limit of said hollow space.Zhe leaf 13a and 13b can be done by the character and conduct of opening 8 entering of device bottom certainly, if wind-force surpasses preset lower limit.

In order to replace a pair of Zhe leaf 13b, only a Zhe leaf or unnecessary two Zhe leaves can be provided for and open discharge channel.In addition, Zhe leaf 13a and 13b can by or be not provided as being mutually independent.

Further, although Fig. 3 has described to provide optical clear layer and Zhe leaf the two device, each in these elements can independently be comprised by the inclusion of other device separately.

Fig. 4 provides the interior views of the shed space of exemplary embodiments of the present invention.Opening 1 corresponding to cooling is illustrated atomizing of liquids 3, is collected in collecting-tank 14 then.Three pipelines 19 are further illustrated passes collecting-tank from the bottom and liquid is collected there.Through such pipeline, air can be directed getting into the shed space from the remote location, and the pipe end of said like this interior volume is as the air intlet 8 that gets into wherein.Special, the cooling air can be released from for example building, to promote the cooling of liquid.

Fig. 5 illustrates to have roof like among similar Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 and covers and arrange 4 device.Pediment is encapsulated in the left side and is illustrated, and it is used for closing device at this side seal.Yet, represent the picture part of pediment to be moved to the side for the perspective view of said shed space is provided.

But the device shown in same Fig. 5 can both be used for also cooling liquid of heating.In the roof parts towards the observer who schemes, corrugated surface 6 is described.The pipeline that has different openings 2 corresponding to heating liquid above that, is provided its atomizing of liquids 3.As above narrate, depend on environment temperature and/or the directly existence of solar radiation, the liquid of said such injection can be cooled rather than heat, although there is note " corresponding to the opening of heating " to be used here.Said liquid is illustrated and flows down corrugated surface, is collected by rhone 15 then.Generally speaking said gauffer, can reach optimum balance between energy transmission and mechanical resistance.Distance between two recesses that close on can be greater than 1cm or 5cm and/or less than 30cm or 20cm.

Said covering arranges that 4 far-end (in given perspective view) is illustrated the hollow space that comprises layering, this hollow space comprises air flow path 10, says description as above-mentioned Fig. 1.In addition, the intermediate layer of said layering hollow space is pointed out that by wave it is as heat-barrier material 12.

In addition, form contrast with the device shown in the accompanying drawing before, among Fig. 5 the hollow space of illustrated device comprise and have one (with, though invisible, maybe be more) corresponding to the internal pipeline of the opening 1 of cooling.So liquid can be sprayed in the air duct 10 of said hollow structure.In addition, another rhone 15 is illustrated, and it can be used for collecting the liquid of such injection.In the moment of being described, there is not liquid to be sprayed at said hollow structure.Yet, when the outermost layer 11 of device is exposed to solar radiation following time, can be excited like above-mentioned transmission, like this, when liquid further to be cooled is sprayed in air duct, said evaporation of liquid will be enhanced or produced by the air-flow that is produced.

Be noted that the gauffer shown in Fig. 5 also can independently be provided in hollow space shown in Fig. 59 and air duct 10.For example, the device shown in Fig. 1 or Fig. 2 can be provided with gauffer in each or any perimeter.

In Fig. 6, the device of simplification is illustrated the hollow space 9 that comprises layering by sketch.This part is similar between upper surface and lower surface and is parallel to their box with central stratum.The left field of said box (from observer's visual angle) is not illustrated, in order to send sight line to cassette interior.Yet said generally speaking device can be closed in this side.

Said hollow space has in the crack 17 of its lower surface with in its crack 18 of upper surface, and it can be used as air intlet and air outlet slit, divides other, gets into said hollow space or goes out from said hollow space.Three layers of border that forms air duct 10 within it, it arrives air outlet slit 18 from air intlet crack 17 through the inner space between the layer.The superiors of said hollow space are shown having corrugated surface 6.

In said hollow space, between its bottom and intermediate layer, show the pipeline of opening 1 with atomizing of liquids (be preferably various, even not shown).Said liquid is spattered or sprays in air duct to be passed air and is collected into gutter 15.Be exposed under the solar radiation through the corrugated surface with said hollow space, the air-flow in the said air duct is produced or is strengthened.This is by special being illustrated among Fig. 7, its provide the structure described with Fig. 6 identical or similar the sectional view of device of structure.The incident of sunlight, indicated by the thick arrow of straight line in Fig. 6, can heat the surface 11 that is exposed to solar radiation and the inner space between intermediate layer 12 (can be heat-barrier material).Therefore, the aerostatic buoyancy in that space can be produced or strengthened, and it causes passing through the air-flow of air duct 10 to air outlet slit 18 from air intlet 17, and is indicated like the thick arrow that curls.This air draught promotes the evaporation of liquid of being sprayed between bottom and the intermediate layer in the inner air duct of said hollow space.Said evaporation at its this respect, causes heat is released into air, and it is then through the said hollow space of said air outlet slit 18 effusions.Remaining flowing fluid ratio is lowered the temperature before injection.

In Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, clamping device 16 is illustrated, and the surface that said above that hollow space is mounted like this it is by with respect to ground inclination.Said clamping device can comprise the liquid line that is used to provide and/or get rid of the liquid line (not shown) of liquid.In addition, it can be rotatable, and is indicated as open loop arrow among Fig. 6, and it not only can be complete like this but also can be with the fixed angle rotation less than 360 °.Therefore, the installation of said hollow space can be diversified, and said like this hollow space can be by favourable locating with respect to the sun.For example, the incidence angle of sunlight can be held fixing angle, through rotating hollow space to follow the path of sunlight by day.Selectable or additional, said hollow space is variable with respect to the inclination angle on ground.Any one in these characteristics can increase said equipment efficient by day.

Said device also can be connected to (inclination) roof of building a fixing position (can not be moved).For this purpose, said device does not preferably comprise the clamping device shown in Fig. 6 or Fig. 7.It can be connected some securing members.

In Fig. 8, the assembly of three equipment is shown.Each equipment is provided in roof like masking device 4.The perimeter that said equipment location relative to each other can cause another equipment in the combination that can be directed to by one of perimeter sunlight reflected.Therefore, sunlight reflected also can be utilized and, so, can loss about the operation of said assembly.

Said assembling can be for example substantially be mounted on the roof of level and maybe can be mounted, and it for example is no more than 20 ° with respect to ground inclination.This roof also can allow to collect the liquid that is sprayed by opening.

Claims

1. be used to cool off the device with heating liquid, it is characterized in that

Said device all provides at least one opening that is used for atomizing of liquids (3) (1 for cooling off and heating; 2),

Wherein said at least one corresponding to opening of cooling for the liquid that make to spray through the air landing or splash or spray.

2. according to the said device of claim 1, wherein said at least one be used for atomizing of liquids corresponding to the opening of cooling and/or said at least one be used for atomizing of liquids corresponding to the opening of heating for so that make liquid adopt one or plurality of nozzles to be sprayed through spraying it.

3. according to claim 1 or 2 arbitrary described devices; Wherein said device further comprise can cover that sky forms shed space (5) cover layout (4); And said at least one corresponding to opening (1) of cooling for the liquid that make to spray at least part landing in said shed space or splashed or sprayed

Wherein saidly cover that layout preferably comprises one or more fold faces (6) or optical clear surface (20) or with its part covered at least.

4. device according to claim 3 further comprises one or more air openings (7; 8) it can be used as respectively and to get into or from the air intlet or the air outlet slit of said shed space,

Wherein said device preferably can be or is installed to be and makes at least one air openings be positioned to be lower than at least one to be positioned at corresponding to the opening of cooling and at least one air openings to be higher than at least one opening corresponding to cooling.

5. according to the arbitrary described device of claim 1-4; Wherein said device comprises hollow space (9); Said hollow space comprises one or more air ducts (10), can be directed through its air, and the preferred like this air-flow in said one or more air ducts can be produced.

6. device according to claim 5, wherein said hollow space are included in inner different layers for said one or more air ducts formation border, and first (11) in the said like this layer can be exposed to solar radiation,

Wherein said layer preferably takes place the exposure of solar radiation or strengthens the air-flow in the said hollow space,

And wherein said ground floor is heat absorption and/or heat conducting material metal for example preferably, and/or the second layer of wherein said hollow material (12) for example plastics or foam of heat-barrier material preferably.

7. according to claim 5 or 6 arbitrary described devices; It has the described supplementary features of claim 3; Wherein said hollow space is that said covering arranged or its part; And its air can be preferably arranged space (5) guiding of covering from crested, passes said one or more air duct (10) and arrives the outside of said shed space, preferably in said shed space, takes place or strengthens air-flow.

8. according to the arbitrary described device of claim 5-7; Wherein said at least one corresponding to the opening (1) of cooling for making it can or make that it can be through splashing or spraying liquid comes atomizing of liquids in said hollow space at said hollow space (9) internal spray liquid, land at least a portion in said one or more air ducts (10) of liquid in said hollow space like this or quilt is splashed or sprays.

9. according to the arbitrary described device of claim 5-8, wherein said hollow space (9) inside comprises or part approaching by at least one pipeline or its part, wherein said pipeline be used for to or from said at least one carry liquid corresponding to the opening (1) of cooling.

10. according to the described device of the arbitrary described claim of claim 3-9, wherein said device further comprises one or more pleat leaves (13; 13a; 13b) it when accordingly by operation, can reduce the absorption of the wind that gets into said shed space (5) when said device has characteristic as claimed in claim 3,

And/or when said device has the described characteristic of claim 5, can be through closing or the opening of one or more said hollow spaces that narrow down reduces the air-flow in the said hollow space (9),

And/or the air discharge channel is provided;

And/or the inlet for convenient for maintaining work is provided.

11. according to the arbitrary described device of claim 3-10; Wherein said at least one corresponding to the opening of heating for make its discriminable atomizing of liquids to said cover on the layout (4) or said hollow space (9) on, said like this liquid can be from environment and/or from said device acquisition heat.

12. according to the arbitrary described device of claim 1-11, further comprise at least one collecting-tank (14) and/or rhone (15) in order to from said at least one collect the liquid that sprays corresponding to the heating and/or the opening of cooling liquid.

13. according to arbitrary described two or more the device layouts of being installed of claim 1-12, wherein at least one said device preferably install so that its surperficial part can reflected solar radiation to another said device.

14. change the method for fluid temperature, it is characterized in that

The device of cooling and heating liquid (3) is used, and said device comprises one or more opening (2) and/or one or more openings (1) corresponding to cooling corresponding to heating,

Wherein liquid is sprayed through said one or more openings (2) corresponding to heating and makes the said liquid that is sprayed be exposed to solar radiation,

Or liquid sprayed through said one or more openings (1) corresponding to cooling and makes said liquid pass air landing or splashed or sprayed, and makes said evaporation of liquid of being sprayed be reinforced owing to heat quilt from the liquid that is cooled detaches,

And/or liquid is at low temperature environment and/or low solar radiation state, sprayed through said one or more openings (2) corresponding to heating, makes said liquid be cooled rather than is heated.

15. method according to claim 14, wherein liquid is sprayed through one or more said openings (1) corresponding to cooling,

Further comprise exposing the said solar radiation that is installed on, wherein because the part of said device is heated by solar radiation, and air-flow is produced or is reinforced, it has strengthened said by the evaporation of atomizing of liquids and cooling thus.