CN102572952A - Network-coding-based fair service method for streaming media of wireless MESH network - Google Patents
Network-coding-based fair service method for streaming media of wireless MESH network Download PDFInfo
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- CN102572952A CN102572952A CN2011104188923A CN201110418892A CN102572952A CN 102572952 A CN102572952 A CN 102572952A CN 2011104188923 A CN2011104188923 A CN 2011104188923A CN 201110418892 A CN201110418892 A CN 201110418892A CN 102572952 A CN102572952 A CN 102572952A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a network-coding-based fair service method for the streaming media of a wireless MESH network. In the wireless MESH network, the broadcasting characteristics of a wireless channel and the advantages of network coding are combined, the value of coded data is fully found, and a fair service strategy is adopted, so that each target node can well enjoy the fair service of the streaming media. By the method, the rate of data forwarding from an intermediate node to the target node can be balanced, the throughput of the wireless MESH network can be improved, and the play quality of the streaming media can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of intermediate node of optimizing and carry out the method that data are selected and transmitted, particularly a kind of fair method of servicing of Wireless MESH network Streaming Media of coding Network Based.
Background technology
Along with developing rapidly of wireless technology, wireless network equally becomes the important component part of internet with traditional cable network.The development of network broadbandization promotes that again the application in the various cable networks certainly will will be transplanted in the wireless network.Use as new-type network, streaming media service will become the important component part in the wireless network gradually.
Wireless MESH (Wireless Mesh Network) network is to couple together the mobile ad-hoc network of a multi-hop of formation to the fixing node with moving through Radio Link.Node is made up of MESH router and two kinds of nodes of MESH client.Each node all has the function of router and repeater, for packet is transmitted in other node storages in the network.Can dynamically set up between the node in the network and keep MESH to be connected.Yet; In the wireless network environment because wireless channel has build-in attributes such as frequent packet loss, the error rate are high, delay variation is serious, throughput is low; On the other hand; Streaming media service requires high bandwidth, and the opposite end is responsive to terminal delay time, delay variation and packet loss is also had a series of specific (special) requirements such as corresponding requirement caused the contradiction between streaming media service and the wireless network outstanding unusually.Exactly because also the contradiction between the two makes that the research of wireless network streaming media service is persistently overheating.Wherein, the service quality of improving Streaming Media is to need the preferential problem that solves in the Wireless MESH network streaming media service.
Network code (Network Coding) has obtained using widely in being proposed afterwards aspect the communications field and wireless network by people such as R.Ahlswede in 2000.The theoretical network coding is a major technological breakthrough of the communications field; The effective ways of the network transmission capacity limit have been proved to be to approach; Improving network throughput, improve load balancing, save node energy consumption, strengthening aspects such as network robustness and all demonstrate its superiority, regarded as the important means that solves network problem by international academic community.Network code is a kind of route and information encoded switching technology of having merged; Its core concept is on each node in network the information of receiving on each bar channel to be carried out linearity or nonlinear processing; Be transmitted to downstream node then, intermediate node be encoder be again signal processor.Can find out on directly perceived that network code can become the important method that solves contradiction between Wireless MESH network and the streaming media service.Under the normal condition, intermediate node is broadcast to its downstream node through the application network coding techniques with the synthetic single data stream of many set of streams at the upper reaches, and downstream node obtains initial data through decoding, thereby increases throughput.Yet when frequent shake appearred in network, though network code can improve throughput, throughput was not carried out the equilibrium distribution to downstream node as yet, and the shake that media data is play possibly appear in downstream node.So in order not reduce the service quality of Wireless MESH network Streaming Media, intermediate node should be considered the problem of fairness before digital coding, make and under the identical network situation, improve the play quality of destination node as far as possible.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of fair method of servicing of Wireless MESH network Streaming Media of coding Network Based; When this method is transmitted data at intermediate node; On the one hand from the fairness service, the data that preferential selection can balanced each destination node data volume participate in transmitting; From improving network throughput as far as possible, the preferential selection brings the data of increment to encode to network throughput on the other hand.Can guarantee the fair service to the different target node through the inventive method, simultaneous throughput is unaffected.
The fair method of servicing of the Wireless MESH network Streaming Media of a kind of coding Network Based that the present invention adopts is handled by four-stage and is realized:
Phase I is that source node S is sent the initial data stage, and source node S is according to the principle broadcasting initial data of doing one's best, but owing to wireless channel, partial data wraps in the repeating process and can lose;
Second stage is intermediate node I to the fair choice phase of initial data, and intermediate node I selects a raw data packets P according to the principle of fairness
0Preferential guarantee that it can successfully arrive destination node, the fair principle here is based upon to be transmitted on the statistical basis of data history, and promptly the data volume that is forwarded with it of the packet that forwards of upstream channel is proportional;
Phase III is that intermediate node I is to participating in the choice phase of coded data, when intermediate node I filters out single raw data packets P according to fair principle
0After, be maximize throughput, needing simultaneously, screening removes P
0Outer packet set PS={P
1, P
2..., P
nParticipate in network code, selecting the principle of PS is maximize throughput; After accomplishing the front three phases, fair data that intermediate node will filter out and coded data are broadcast to destination node after operating through simple network code;
Stage is the destination node decode phase; After destination node listens to the data that forward from upstream node; Decoded data as much as possible comprises played data and then is inserted into and plays in the formation if solve in the data, played data is then temporary to supply decoding next time not call if do not comprise; The upstream nodes feedback receives the information of data.
The present invention is based on the advantage of fair method of servicing of the Wireless MESH network Streaming Media of network code: (1) uses the fair service mechanism of Streaming Media to help the equilibrium of throughput between destination node in Wireless MESH network to distribute; Can effectively avoid effectively strengthening the stability of destination node streaming media service because the data distribution inequality that network jitter causes influences the play quality of destination node.(2) intermediate node fully excavates coded data to the value that destination node brings, the counter productive of having avoided fairness mechanism that throughput is brought.(3) especially in the environment of frequent or serious network jitter, fairness mechanism can be avoided the deficiency that part of nodes normal play, part of nodes fully can not play stream media data, guarantees that destination node as much as possible obtains acceptable play quality.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the fair service structure block diagram of Wireless MESH network Streaming Media of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is based on node application deployment figure in the Wireless MESH network Streaming Media of network code.
Embodiment
Referring to shown in Figure 2, the present invention adopts the fair service method of a kind of Wireless MESH network Streaming Media of coding Network Based, divides for the four-stage realization in order to realize fair service:
Phase I is that source node S is sent the initial data stage, and source node S is according to the principle broadcasting initial data of doing one's best, but owing to wireless channel, partial data wraps in the repeating process and can lose;
Second stage is intermediate node I to the fair choice phase of initial data, and intermediate node I selects a raw data packets P according to the principle of fairness
0Preferential guarantee that it can successfully arrive destination node, the fair principle here is based upon to be transmitted on the statistical basis of data history, and promptly the data volume that is forwarded with it of the packet that forwards of upstream channel is proportional;
Phase III is that intermediate node I is to participating in the choice phase of coded data, when intermediate node I filters out single raw data packets P according to fair principle
0After, be maximize throughput, needing simultaneously, screening removes P
0Packet set PS (being called the coded data packet collection) in addition participates in network code, and said coded data packet collection PS can be expressed as PS={P
1, P
2..., P
n, P
1Represent that the 1st is transmitted packet, P
2Represent that the 2nd is transmitted packet, P
nRepresent that any one is transmitted packet, n representes the identification number of packet, and selecting the principle of PS is maximize throughput; After accomplishing the front three phases, fair data that intermediate node will filter out and coded data are broadcast to destination node after operating through simple network code;
Stage is the destination node decode phase; After destination node listens to the data that forward from upstream node; Decoded data as much as possible comprises played data and then is inserted into and plays in the formation if solve in the data, played data is then temporary to supply decoding next time not call if do not comprise; The upstream nodes feedback receives the information of data.
In the present invention, described Wireless MESH network is made up of the radio node that some have storage forwarding and network codec functions concurrently.As shown in Figure 1, include radio node A1, radio node A2, radio node A3, radio node A4, radio node A5, radio node A6 etc.Source node is S (being radio node A1) in Wireless MESH network, and intermediate node is I (being radio node A2, radio node A3, radio node A4), and destination node is T (being radio node A5, radio node A6).In Wireless MESH network,, adopt following steps for the fair method of servicing of Streaming Media:
Step 1: source node transmits the primary flow media data for all downstream neighbor node broadcasts;
In the present invention, the step of source node S transmission primary flow media data is:
Step 101: the data that source node S is transmitted needs add in the forwarding queue according to playing sequence;
Step 102: (First In First Out is translated into: data are given its downstream neighbor node to source node S in principle broadcasting forwarding queue first in first out) according to FIFO.
Step 2: because wireless channel packet loss and error code, the part intermediate node can successfully listen to the said primary flow media data that source node broadcasting is come; After intermediate node receives said primary flow media data, at first from forwarding queue, select a raw data packets to transmit according to fairness policy;
In the present invention, intermediate node is pressed fairness policy and is selected a raw data packets P, and its execution in step is:
Step 201: the data packet recording that intermediate node listens to from upstream node S is p (S); Intermediate node from the data packet recording that forwards after upstream node S listens to be p ' (S); Forward rate on the intermediate node computes unit interval window t
(0＜r (S)≤1); When intermediate node listens to the data that upstream node forwards, upgrade p (S) and add 1 (being that coding is p (S)=p (S)+1);
For p ' renewal refer step 601 (S); Be after intermediate node is received the downstream node feedback information, upgrade corresponding p ' and (S) add 1 (be coding be p ' (S)=p ' (S)+1);
Step 202: the forward rate r (S) on more every upstream data flow, screen the data flow at minimum r (S) place, therefrom select first packet as raw data packets; If the forward rate on several upstream data flow is all identical and minimum, select wherein first packet on the data flow at random as raw data packets.
Step 3: according to the raw data packets that filters out in the step 2, follow the principle of maximize throughput and destination node financial value, filter out and participate in the coded data bag;
In the present invention, the step of intermediate node screening participation coded data is:
Step 301: make I
k(A
i) give downstream node A for coded data
iThe profit brought value makes that α is the mark that can downstream node decode, and makes γ
iPacket loss for downstream node makes d
iFor whether downstream node has the indication of useful data, make that Q is the contribution margin of downstream node to play quality, make that ρ is the corrected parameter of downstream node, make that F is that downstream node is not decoded to the contribution margin of play quality, then downstream node A
iThe profit brought value satisfies
Step 302: the calculation code data are given all downstream node profit brought value I
k,
Step 303: travel through the possibility that all participate in coded data, calculate it and give downstream node profit brought value I
k
Step 304: select the downstream node financial value is reached maximum return value max I
kData combination for participating in coded data set PS, PS={P
1, P
2..., P
n.
Step 4: intermediate node encode said raw data packets and said participation coded data bag, and form coded data packet destination node broadcasting downstream;
In the present invention, the step of intermediate node coding forwarding data is:
Step 401: initial data P is carried out the network code operation with participation coded data set PS be packaged into single coded data packet;
Step 402: intermediate node is to its downstream neighbor node broadcasts coded data packet.
Step 5: destination node is applied in the coded data that data decode listens in the buffer area after listening to the said coded data packet that upstream node broadcasting comes; If the destination node that after the decoding data is arranged is present node just, (acknowledgement is translated into: answer signal) confirm then to send ACK to broadcast source; If not being destination node then data cached confessions of decoding back data, do not call when decoding next time present node;
In the present invention, the destination node decoded data and upstream the feedback step be:
Step 501: in a single day destination node has listened to packet and has forwarded, the coded data that data decode listens in the application cache district immediately;
Step 502: if decoding back data just the data upstream nodes feedback acknowledgment of its follow-up play receive information, then be not inserted into when supplying the next time decoding in the buffer area and call if decoding back data are not the required data of its follow-up play.
Step 6: after intermediate node receives that the downstream targets node feeds back the ACK that comes, revise the forward rate on the corresponding data stream, supply fairness policy to investigate;
In the present invention, intermediate node is revised corresponding data stream again and is gone up the step of forward rate and be:
Step 601: after intermediate node is received the downstream node feedback information, upgrade corresponding p ' (S), promptly p ' (S)=p ' (S)+1;
Step 602: repeating step 201 is accomplished up to all data forwarding.
Source node repeats above-mentioned steps 1～step 6, accomplishes all primary flow media datas up to transmitting.
Owing in the service of traditional Wireless MESH network Streaming Media, do not consider the equilibrium of throughput, can cause when shake appears in network (shake can frequently occur in the wireless network), part of nodes can seriously descend by normal play part of nodes play quality.Therefore the present invention proposes a kind of fair method of servicing of Wireless MESH network Streaming Media of coding Network Based; Through the forward rate on balanced each data flow of intermediate node; The tap/dip deep into coded data is given destination node profit brought value simultaneously, because of fairness policy throughput is affected simultaneously at each destination node of justice service.Especially under conditions such as network jitter or wireless channel forward rate are lower, make packet fairly arrive destination node, that realizes that stream medium data plays seamlessly transits.This method can effectively be avoided the inclination of data forwarding to individual node, the fair data of transmitting on each bar data flow, the stability of enhancing destination node playing stream media.Therefore, be the fair method of servicing of a kind of Streaming Media of Wireless MESH network preferably.
Claims (8)
1. the fair method of servicing of the Wireless MESH network Streaming Media of a coding Network Based is characterized in that adopting following steps for the fair method of servicing of Wireless MESH network Streaming Media:
Step 1: source node transmits the primary flow media data for all downstream neighbor node broadcasts;
Step 2: because wireless channel packet loss and error code, the part intermediate node can successfully listen to the said primary flow media data that source node broadcasting is come; After intermediate node receives said primary flow media data, at first from forwarding queue, select a raw data packets to transmit according to fairness policy;
Step 3: according to the raw data packets that filters out in the step 2, follow the principle of maximize throughput and destination node financial value, filter out some and participate in the coded data bag;
Step 4: intermediate node encode said raw data packets and said participation coded data bag, and form coded data packet destination node broadcasting downstream;
Step 5: destination node is applied in the coded data that data decode listens in the buffer area after listening to the said coded data packet that upstream node broadcasting comes; If the destination node that after the decoding data is arranged is present node just, then send ACK and confirm to broadcast source; If not being destination node then data cached confessions of decoding back data, do not call when decoding next time present node;
Step 6: after intermediate node receives that the downstream targets node feeds back the ACK that comes, revise the forward rate on the corresponding data stream, supply fairness policy to investigate;
Source node repeating step 1～step 6 is accomplished all primary flow media datas up to transmitting.
2. the fair method of servicing of the Wireless MESH network Streaming Media of coding Network Based according to claim 1, the processing stage of it is characterized in that fair method of servicing includes four:
Phase I is that source node S is sent the initial data stage, and source node S is according to the principle broadcasting initial data of doing one's best, but owing to wireless channel, partial data wraps in the repeating process and can lose;
Second stage is intermediate node I to the fair choice phase of initial data, and intermediate node I selects a raw data packets P according to the principle of fairness
0Preferential guarantee that it can successfully arrive destination node, the fair principle here is based upon to be transmitted on the statistical basis of data history, and promptly the data volume that is forwarded with it of the packet that forwards of upstream channel is proportional;
Phase III is that intermediate node I is to participating in the coded data choice phase, when intermediate node I filters out single raw data packets P according to fair principle
0After, be maximize throughput, needing simultaneously, screening removes P
0Forwarding packet set PS={P in addition
1, P
2..., P
nParticipate in network code, selecting the principle of PS is maximize throughput; After accomplishing the front three phases, fair data that intermediate node will filter out and coded data are broadcast to destination node after operating through simple network code;
Stage is the destination node decode phase; After destination node listens to the data that forward from upstream node; Decoded data as much as possible comprises played data and then is inserted into and plays in the formation if solve in the data, played data is then temporary to supply decoding next time not call if do not comprise; The upstream nodes feedback receives the information of data.
3. the fair method of servicing of the Wireless MESH network Streaming Media of coding Network Based according to claim 1 is characterized in that source node S sends the step of primary flow media data and be::
Step 101: the data that source node S is transmitted needs add in the forwarding queue according to playing sequence;
Step 102: source node S is given its downstream neighbor node according to data in the principle broadcasting forwarding queue of FIFO.
4. according to the fair method of servicing of claim 1 said Streaming Media in Wireless MESH network, it is characterized in that: intermediate node is pressed fairness policy and is selected a raw data packets P, and its execution in step is:
Step 201: make p (S) and p ' (S) represent that respectively intermediate node listens to packet and the packet from forwarding after S listens to from upstream node S; Forward rate r (S) on the intermediate node computes unit interval window t;
p (S)=p (S)+1 when listening to the data that upstream node forwards wherein, p ' renewal refer step 601 (S);
Step 202: the forward rate r (S) on more every upstream data flow, screen the data flow at minimum r (S) place, therefrom select first packet as raw data packets; If the forward rate on all upstream data flow is all identical, select first packet on the data flow at random as raw data packets.
5. according to the fair method of servicing of claim 1 said Streaming Media in Wireless MESH network, it is characterized in that: the step that coded data is participated in the intermediate node screening is:
Step 301: make I
k(A
i) give downstream node A for coded data
iThe profit brought value makes alpha, gamma
i, d
i, Q representes that respectively can downstream node separate code labeling, packet loss, whether useful data indication and to the play quality contribution margin, calculates
Step 302: the calculation code data are given all downstream node profit brought value I
k,
Step 303: travel through the possibility that all participate in coded data, calculate it and give downstream node profit brought value I
k
Step 304: select the downstream node financial value is reached max I
kData combination for participating in the coded data set.
6. according to the fair method of servicing of claim 1 said Streaming Media in Wireless MESH network, it is characterized in that: the step that the intermediate node coding is transmitted data is:
Step 401: operation is packaged into single coded data packet with participation coded data set execution network code with initial data P;
Step 402: intermediate node is to its downstream neighbor node broadcasts coded data packet.
7. according to the fair method of servicing of claim 1 said Streaming Media in Wireless MESH network, it is characterized in that: the destination node decoded data and upstream the step of feedback be:
Step 501: in a single day destination node has listened to packet and has forwarded, the coded data that data decode listens in the application cache district immediately;
Step 502: if decoding back data just the data upstream nodes feedback acknowledgment of its follow-up play receive information, then be not inserted into when supplying the next time decoding in the buffer area and call if decoding back data are not the required data of its follow-up play.
8. according to the fair method of servicing of claim 1 said Streaming Media in Wireless MESH network, it is characterized in that: intermediate node is revised corresponding data stream again and is gone up the step of forward rate and be:
Step 601: after intermediate node is received the downstream node feedback information, upgrade corresponding p ' (S), promptly p ' (S)=p ' (S)+1;
Step 602: repeating step 201 is accomplished up to all data forwarding.
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Cited By (6)
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