CN102570755B - Spherical motor - Google Patents
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- CN102570755B CN102570755B CN201210063771.6A CN201210063771A CN102570755B CN 102570755 B CN102570755 B CN 102570755B CN 201210063771 A CN201210063771 A CN 201210063771A CN 102570755 B CN102570755 B CN 102570755B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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Abstract
The invention discloses a spherical motor for an electric bicycle. The spherical motor comprises a stator and a rotor, wherein the stator is fixedly arranged on a fixing shaft, the rotor can rotate in the circumferential direction of the fixing shaft, a wire winding group is arranged on the stator, a plurality of permanent magnetic bodies are arranged on the rotor, the rotor is in a hollow spherical shape, the permanent magnetic bodies are fixedly arranged on a hollow inner case of the rotor, the fixing shaft passes through the spherical center of the rotor, the stator is in a solid spherical shape provided with the wire winding group at the inside, the fixing shaft passes through the spherical center of the stator, the radius of the stator is smaller than the radius of the rotor and is arranged in the hollow part of the rotor, and the direction of a magnetic field generated after current is introduced into the wire winding group is vertical to the spherical surface of the rotor in the corresponding position. The spherical motor provided by the invention has the advantages that the rotor and the stator are both designed into the spherical shape, the sum of the sizes of the permanent magnetic bodies accommodated inside the spherical rotor is great, meanwhile, the heat radiation area is large, the distance between the spherical stator and the rotor is small, the energy conversion rate is higher, and meanwhile, the heat radiation performance is better.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of motors, relate in particular to a kind of spherical motor for electric motor car and use the electric motor car of this spherical motor.
Background technology
Motor is a kind of calutron of realizing conversion or the transmission of electric energy according to the law of electromagnetic induction, and its Main Function is to produce driving torque, as the power source of electrical equipment or various machineries.Conventional motor is divided into two large divisions: stator and rotor.Stator is the stationary part of motor, is mainly used to produce magnetic field.Rotor is the rotating part of motor, and the Main Function of rotor is induced electromotive force or produces electromagnetic torque, makes mechanical energy become electric energy (generator) or electric energy to become the hinge of mechanical energy (motor).When machine operation, produce induced electromotive force and electromagnetic torque, to realize the conversion of energy.
The rotor case of existing wheel hub motor is hollow column structure or rectangular structure, permanent magnet is fixed on its rotor case inwall, stator is also generally cylindrical structural, stator is fixed on fixed axis, the commutation that fixed axis is fixed on wheel saves above, and rotor is movably connected on fixed axis by bearing.In order to make wheel hub motor can produce larger electric energy or mechanical energy, common way be in column or square rotor outer casing space as far as possible many installation permanent magnet or the size that increases rotor case to obtain larger permanent magnet installing space.But, the space size of column or square rotor shell is limited, the quantity of the rotor winding of installing is also limited, on the other hand, because the distance between coiling group on cylindrical structural and the permanent magnet of rotor is larger, so can only obtain relatively large energy (electric energy or mechanical energy).If increase the size of rotor case, can increase the cost of wheel hub motor, and increase the position that wheel hub motor takies.
Therefore, the wheel hub motor of prior art can not meet the occasion use that ask for something energy conversion efficiency is high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome weak point of the prior art and provide a kind of energy conversion efficiency higher, simultaneously the spherical motor for electric motor car of good heat dispersion performance.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is: a kind of spherical motor, comprise the stator being fixed on fixed axis, the rotor that can rotate in a circumferential direction around fixed axis, described stator is provided with coiling group, described rotor is provided with multiple permanent magnets, described rotor is hollow ball shape, and described permanent magnet is fixed on the hollow inner casing of described rotor, and described fixed axis is through the centre of sphere of described rotor;
Described stator is that inside is provided with the solid spherical of coiling group, and described fixed axis is through the centre of sphere of described stator;
The radius of described stator is less than the radius of described rotor and described stator to be located in described rotor hollow, and described coiling group passes into the magnetic direction that produces after the electric current rotor sphere perpendicular to correspondence position.
Described rotor is made as hollow ball shape, and in the situation that rotor case area is identical, the internal capacity of spherical spinner is larger than cylindrical and square capacity, and the volume summation of the permanent magnet that can hold is larger; In the situation that internal capacity is identical, cylindrical and square large of the Area Ratio of spherical spinner, the area of dissipation of motor is larger.Meanwhile, stator is also made as spherical, the magnetic direction that coiling group in stator is passed into produce after electric current is all the time perpendicular to the rotor sphere of correspondence position, and the distance of permanent magnet on the hollow inner casing of rotor and stator is less; Compared with the wheel hub motor of spherical motor of the present invention and existing structure, because rotor can hold the permanent magnet of more volumes in certain spatial dimension, simultaneously because stator is also spherical, distance between stator and rotor is less, make stator can produce larger induced electromotive force or produce larger electromagnetic torque, conversion efficiency between electric energy and kinetic energy is higher, has the advantages such as volume is little, area of dissipation is large simultaneously.
As the preferred implementation of spherical motor of the present invention, described rotor is divided into internal rotor and external rotor along the direction vertical with described fixed axis, between described internal rotor and external rotor, be provided with magnetic clutch, one end of described magnetic clutch is fixed on described internal rotor or external rotor; Described stator is divided into internal stator and external stator along the direction vertical with described fixed axis, is provided with interior coiling group in described internal stator, is provided with outer coiling group in described external stator.
Rotor is divided into internal rotor and external rotor, accordingly stator is divided into internal stator and external stator, coiling group is set respectively in internal stator and external stator, in the time that magnetic clutch is not switched on, magnetic clutch does not have magnetic, and internal rotor and external rotor separate, if interior coiling group is switched on and outer coiling group no power, internal rotor rotates, and external rotor is static; In like manner, if outer coiling group is switched on and interior coiling group no power, external rotor rotates, and internal rotor is static.In the time that magnetic clutch is switched on, magnetic clutch is pulled together described internal rotor and external rotor, no matter separately by interior coiling energising or separately by outer coiling group energising, or interior coiling group and outer coiling group are switched on simultaneously, internal rotor and external rotor all by simultaneously with identical rotational speed; Now when separately by interior coiling group energising, the rotation of internal rotor drives described external rotor to rotate by magnetic clutch simultaneously, be that kinetic energy drives internal rotor to rotate (being the effect of motor) thereby internal rotor one side is electric energy conversion, and external rotor one side is because outer coiling group is not switched on, it is electric energy (being the effect of generator) that the rotation of external rotor will realize kinetic transformation; In like manner, when separately by outer coiling group energising, a side of external rotor plays motor, and the effect of a side starter/generator of internal rotor; And interior coiling group and outer coiling group be while switching on simultaneously, whole spherical motor plays motor.
In use, in the time that electric motor car slowly travels, can be by magnetic clutch power-off, make internal rotor and external rotor separately, only give an energising in interior coiling group and outer coiling group, allow a rotation in internal rotor and external rotor, and another one remains static, i.e. the independent rotation of internal rotor or external rotor can meet the needs that electric motor car travels; When electric motor car travels while comparatively fast maybe needing to go up a slope, by magnetic clutch energising, internal rotor and external rotor are pulled together, give interior coiling group and the energising of outer coiling group simultaneously, when internal rotor and external rotor, rotate the power demand that meets electric motor car.In the time that electric motor car need to brake, the power supply of coiling group and outer coiling group in simultaneously disconnecting, but due to the effect of inertia, rotor can rotate the regular hour could be static, the now rotation of rotor makes mechanical energy change into electric energy, be embodied as the power source charges of electric motor car, i.e. the effect of described spherical motor starter/generator this moment.
This kind of design can be selected flexibly an energising in interior coiling group and outer coiling group or the two is switched on simultaneously, by magnetic clutch energising or power-off between internal rotor and external rotor, make the rotation flexibility more of rotor, according to circumstances make the internal rotor one side starter/generator effect of described spherical motor, the external rotor one side motivation that electrifies, or the internal rotor one side motivation that electrifies, external rotor one side starter/generator effect, or internal rotor and the external rotor motivation that simultaneously electrifies, or internal rotor and external rotor be starter/generator effect simultaneously, realize flexibly the conversion between electric energy and mechanical energy, avoid the waste of the energy, energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Described magnetic clutch can be fixed on internal rotor, also can be fixed on external rotor, when use, because external rotor is connected with the wheel hub of electric motor car, the suspension on the chassis of internal rotor and electric motor car is connected, therefore preferably, magnetic clutch is fixed on internal rotor, and stability is better.
As the preferred implementation of spherical motor of the present invention, the size of described internal rotor and external rotor is identical.In the time that rotor is divided into internal rotor and external rotor equably, the rotation of rotor is more stable.
As the preferred implementation of spherical motor of the present invention, the size of described internal stator and external stator is identical.In the time that stator is divided into internal stator and external stator equably, internal stator is identical with induced electromotive force or electromagnetic torque that external stator produces, and the rotation of rotor is more stable.
As the preferred implementation of spherical motor of the present invention, the centre of sphere of described rotor and stator is overlapping.In the time that the centre of sphere of rotor and stator is overlapping, the distance equalization between stator and rotor, the rotation of rotor is more stable.
As the preferred implementation of spherical motor of the present invention, described epitrochanterian permanent magnet is evenly distributed on the hollow inner casing of described rotor.When permanent magnet is uniformly distributed on the hollow inner casing of rotor, the structure of rotor and rotation are more stable.
The present invention also provides a kind of electric motor car, and described electric motor car comprises as above arbitrary described spherical motor.The fixed axis of stator is fixed on the knuckle of wheel, and internal rotor is in the inner side of wheel, and external rotor is in the outside of wheel.
Spherical motor of the present invention, owing to rotor and stator are all designed to spherical simultaneously, the magnetic field that on stator, coiling group when energising produces is all the time perpendicular to the rotor sphere of correspondence position, in the situation that rotor case area is identical, cylindrical and the square capacity of the Capacity Ratio of spherical spinner inside is large, the volume summation of the permanent magnet that spherical spinner inside can hold is larger than volume summation cylindrical or the inner permanent magnet holding of square rotor, and because the distance between spherical stator and rotor is less than the distance between cylindrical or square stator and rotor, thereby can make stator produce larger induced electromotive force or electromagnetic torque, better realize the conversion between electric energy and mechanical energy, there is higher energy conversion efficiency., compare with the cylindrical and square rotor of same volume, the area of dissipation of spherical spinner is larger, is conducive to the heat radiation of motor meanwhile.Spherical motor of the present invention, has that energy conversion rate is high, the better advantage of heat dispersion.
In like manner, use the electric motor car of spherical motor of the present invention as drive unit, also there is the above advantage.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of execution mode of spherical motor of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of a kind of execution mode of the rotor of spherical motor of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of a kind of execution mode of the stator of spherical motor of the present invention.
Embodiment
For the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are better described, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of spherical motor of the present invention, comprise the stator 10 being fixed on fixed axis 30, the rotor 20 that can rotate in a circumferential direction around fixed axis 30, described stator 10 is provided with coiling group (not drawing in Fig. 1), described rotor 20 is provided with multiple permanent magnets 26, described rotor 20 is hollow ball shape, and described permanent magnet 26 is fixed on the hollow inner casing of described rotor 20, and described fixed axis 30 is through the centre of sphere of described rotor 20; Described stator 10 is inner the solid spherical of coiling group that be provided with, and described fixed axis 30 is through the centre of sphere of described stator 10; The radius of described stator 10 is less than the radius of described rotor 20 and described stator 10 to be located in described rotor 20 hollow, and described coiling group passes into the magnetic direction that produces after electric current rotor 20 spheres perpendicular to correspondence position.
Described rotor 20 is made as hollow ball shape, and in the situation that rotor case area is identical, the internal capacity of spherical spinner 20 is larger than cylindrical and square capacity, and the volume summation of the permanent magnet 26 that can hold is larger; In the situation that internal capacity is identical, cylindrical and square large of the Area Ratio of spherical spinner 20, the area of dissipation of motor is larger.Meanwhile, stator 10 is also made as spherical, the magnetic direction that coiling group in stator 10 is passed into produce after electric current is all the time perpendicular to rotor 20 spheres of correspondence position, and permanent magnet 26 on the hollow inner casing of rotor 20 is less with the distance of stator 10; Compared with the wheel hub motor of spherical motor of the present invention and existing structure, because rotor 20 can hold the permanent magnet 26 of more volumes in certain spatial dimension, simultaneously because stator 10 is also spherical, distance between stator 10 and rotor 20 is less, make stator 10 can produce larger induced electromotive force or produce larger electromagnetic torque, conversion efficiency between electric energy and kinetic energy is higher, has the advantages such as volume is little, area of dissipation is large simultaneously.
Preferably, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, described rotor 20 is divided into internal rotor 22 and external rotor 24 along the direction vertical with described fixed axis 30, between described internal rotor 22 and external rotor 24, is provided with magnetic clutch 40, and one end of described magnetic clutch 40 is fixed on described internal rotor 22 or external rotor 24; Described stator 10 is divided into internal stator 12 and external stator 14 along the direction vertical with described fixed axis 30, is provided with interior coiling group 13 in described internal stator 12, is provided with outer coiling group 15 in described external stator 14.
In use, in the time that electric motor car slowly travels, can be by magnetic clutch 40 power-off, make internal rotor 22 and external rotor 24 separately, only give an energising in interior coiling group 13 and outer coiling group 15, allow a rotation in internal rotor 22 and external rotor 24, and another one remains static, i.e. the independent rotation of internal rotor 22 or external rotor 24 can meet the needs that electric motor car travels; When electric motor car travels while comparatively fast maybe needing to go up a slope, magnetic clutch 40 is switched on, internal rotor 22 and external rotor 24 are pulled together, switch on to interior coiling group 13 and outer coiling group 15 simultaneously, when internal rotor 22 and external rotor 24, rotate the power demand that meets electric motor car.In the time that electric motor car need to brake, the power supply of coiling group 13 and outer coiling group 15 in simultaneously disconnecting, but due to the effect of inertia, rotor 20 can be rotated further the regular hour could be static, the now rotation of rotor 20 makes mechanical energy change into electric energy, be embodied as the power source charges of electric motor car, i.e. the effect of described spherical motor starter/generator this moment.
This kind of design can be selected flexibly an energising in interior coiling group 13 and outer coiling group 15 or the two is switched on simultaneously, magnetic clutch 40 between internal rotor 22 and external rotor 24 is switched on or power-off, make the rotation flexibility more of rotor 20, according to circumstances make the internal rotor 22 1 side starter/generator effects of described spherical motor, the external rotor 24 1 sides motivation that electrifies, or the internal rotor 22 1 sides motivation that electrifies, external rotor 24 1 side starter/generator effects, or internal rotor 22 and external rotor 24 motivation that simultaneously electrifies, or internal rotor 22 and external rotor 24 starter/generator effect simultaneously, realize flexibly the conversion between electric energy and mechanical energy, avoid the waste of the energy, energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Described magnetic clutch 40 can be fixed on internal rotor 22, also can be fixed on external rotor 24, when use, because external rotor 24 is connected with the wheel hub of electric motor car, suspension on the chassis of internal rotor 22 and electric motor car is connected, and therefore preferably, magnetic clutch 40 is fixed on external rotor 24, as shown in Figure 2, the stability of electric motor car is better when use.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 2, described internal rotor 22 is identical with the size of external rotor 24.In the time that rotor 20 is divided into internal rotor 22 and external rotor 24 equably, the rotation of rotor 20 is more stable.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 3, described internal stator 12 is identical with the size of external stator 14.In the time that stator 10 is divided into internal stator 12 and external stator 14 equably, induced electromotive force or electromagnetic torque that internal stator 12 produces with external stator 14 are identical, and the rotation of rotor 10 is more stable.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 1, the centre of sphere of described rotor 20 and stator 10 is overlapping.In the time that the centre of sphere of rotor 20 and stator 10 is overlapping, the distance equalization between stator 10 and rotor 20, the rotation of rotor 20 is more stable.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 1, the permanent magnet 26 on described rotor 20 is evenly distributed on the hollow inner casing of described rotor 20.When permanent magnet 26 is uniformly distributed on the hollow inner casing of rotor 20, the structure of rotor 20 and rotation are more stable.
The invention also discloses a kind of electric motor car (not shown in FIG.), described electric motor car comprises spherical motor as above, and the fixed axis 30 of described spherical motor is fixed on the knuckle (not shown in FIG.) of wheel.In like manner, use the electric motor car of spherical motor of the present invention as drive unit, also have that energy conversion efficiency is high, volume is little, low cost and other advantages.Adopt the electric motor car of spherical motor of the present invention, improving in energy conversion efficiency, there is larger area of dissipation, and while using, can control flexibly the conversion between kinetic energy and electric energy, avoid voluntary waste, energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Finally should be noted that; above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention; but not limiting the scope of the invention; although the present invention has been done to explain with reference to preferred embodiment; those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that; can modify or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not depart from essence and the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a spherical motor, comprises the stator being fixed on fixed axis, the rotor that can rotate in a circumferential direction around fixed axis, and described stator is provided with coiling group, and described rotor is provided with multiple permanent magnets, it is characterized in that:
Described rotor is hollow ball shape, and described permanent magnet is fixed on the hollow inner casing of described rotor, and described fixed axis is through the centre of sphere of described rotor;
Described stator is that inside is provided with the solid spherical of coiling group, and described fixed axis is through the centre of sphere of described stator;
The radius of described stator is less than the radius of described rotor and described stator to be located in described rotor hollow, and described coiling group passes into the magnetic direction that produces after the electric current rotor sphere perpendicular to correspondence position;
Described rotor is divided into internal rotor and external rotor along the direction vertical with described fixed axis, between described internal rotor and external rotor, is provided with magnetic clutch, and one end of described magnetic clutch is fixed on described internal rotor or external rotor;
Described stator is divided into internal stator and external stator along the direction vertical with described fixed axis, is provided with interior coiling group in described internal stator, is provided with outer coiling group in described external stator;
The centre of sphere of described rotor and stator is overlapping.
2. spherical motor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the size of described internal rotor and external rotor is identical.
3. spherical motor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the size of described internal stator and external stator is identical.
4. spherical motor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described epitrochanterian permanent magnet is evenly distributed on the hollow inner casing of described rotor.
5. an electric motor car, comprises the spherical motor as described in any one in claim 1 to 4.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210063771.6A CN102570755B (en) | 2012-03-12 | 2012-03-12 | Spherical motor |
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| CN201210063771.6A CN102570755B (en) | 2012-03-12 | 2012-03-12 | Spherical motor |
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| CN102570755A CN102570755A (en) | 2012-07-11 |
| CN102570755B true CN102570755B (en) | 2014-06-04 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP6004436B2 (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2016-10-05 | 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 | Spherical motor control method |
| CN104065180A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-09-24 | 南京思倍润信息科技有限公司 | Spherical Halbach omnidirectional kinetic energy collector |
| CN105939130B (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2018-01-05 | 南京理工大学 | Stator internally-arranged type multiple degrees of freedom piezoelectric actuator |
| CN110739828B (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-08-21 | 山东大学 | Ball type permanent magnet coupling |
| US11581761B2 (en) | 2020-01-31 | 2023-02-14 | Honeywell International Inc. | Two degree-of-freedom spherical brushless DC motor |
| CN111293841B (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2021-03-26 | 河北科技大学 | Double-rotor motor |
| CN112688529B (en) * | 2021-01-09 | 2022-09-02 | 杨平安 | Rocker structure based on electromagnetic induction |
| CN115189543B (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2023-07-18 | 哈尔滨体育学院 | Wireless motion sensor with self-generating mechanism |
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| US8231504B2 (en) * | 2009-02-16 | 2012-07-31 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Powertrain with dual rotor motor/generator |
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