CN102570571A - Mixed energy storage device for automobile - Google Patents
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- CN102570571A CN102570571A CN2012100115415A CN201210011541A CN102570571A CN 102570571 A CN102570571 A CN 102570571A CN 2012100115415 A CN2012100115415 A CN 2012100115415A CN 201210011541 A CN201210011541 A CN 201210011541A CN 102570571 A CN102570571 A CN 102570571A
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Abstract
The invention provides a mixed energy storage device for an automobile and belongs to the technical field of automobile energy. The problems of high difficulty in controlling, inconvenience in centralized management and difficulty in efficiently combining multiple energy storage units with loads of the mixed energy storage device of the prior art are solved. The mixed energy storage device for the automobile comprises a plurality of energy storage units, a multi-port bidirectional DC/DC (Direct Current) converter and an inverter, wherein the energy storage units are used for storing or generating various energies in the automobile; the multi-port bidirectional DC/DC converter is provided with a plurality of ports; the inverter is used for converting the direct current into alternated current; the energy storage units and the inverter are respectively connected with the multi-port bidirectional DC/DC converter in turn; and the multi-port bidirectional DC/DC converter is used for realizing the connection and communication among the energy storage units and between the energy storage units and the loads. According to the mixed energy storage device for the automobile, the effective combination of the energy storage units is realized by using a single DC/DC converter, so that the energy control between the energy storage device and the loads is conveniently performed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the automobile energy technical field, relate to a kind of automobile mixed tensor storage device.
Background technology
In recent years,, all tap a new source of energy all over the world, and be applied to the hybrid vehicle of development formation various energy resources symbiosis on the automobile in the input huge fund owing to energy crisis and environmental pollution.The car of multiple energy interaction is along with the change of transport condition, the operating state of frequent switching energy storage device, and the quality of the dynamic transition performance of energy storage device directly determines the response speed of automobile dynamic system.Existing energy-storage units much has super capacitor, electrokinetic cell, solar cell, biogas battery or the like; In the mutual conversion of controlling energy-storage units and application, just need the mixed tensor storage device; The mixed tensor storage device is that two or more energy accumulating devices are combined; Make each energy accumulating device can both show its advantage, and its shortcoming can be compensated by other energy accumulating device.Usually, as far as electric motor car, be difficult to accomplish high-energy-density, the battery of high-specific-power, but combine through two or more energy accumulating devices can be combined into high-energy-density, and the mixed tensor storage device of high-specific-power satisfies the environment for use of vehicle.But how to realize effective combination the between hybrid accumulator and the load, the high efficiency of transmission of convenient and reliable the two energy of realization also is in conceptual phase.
Still can accomplish the voltage transformation function after the input of so-called DC/DC interchanger, the output port transposing; Power not only can flow to output from input; Also can flow to output from output; From basic converter topology, replaced single-way switch with bidirectional switch, thereby can realize the two-way flow of energy.
And it is the two-way DC/DC converter of a kind of high direct voltage energy storage device of 201120052511.X that the Chinese patent document discloses application number, and this device comprises fuel cell, DC/DC converter, three-phase inverter; Fuel cell, DC/DC converter, three-phase inverter, motor are connected in series successively, the two-way DC/DC converter that between DC/DC converter and three-phase inverter, is connected in parallel, and said two-way DC/DC converter and energy storage units are connected in series.This apparatus structure is simple, and the instantaneous power that battery is provided when having remedied automobile starting, acceleration is not enough.But this device also exists in following deficiency: 1, this device still needs parallelly connected a plurality of DC/DC converters to carry out energy storage when a plurality of energy-storage units, and structure is simple inadequately, and it is big to take motor space, and energy transformation dynamic property is not high; 2, this device needs a plurality of communication devices when a plurality of energy-storage units, and cost is higher; 3, this device needs multiple arrangement to control, and increases the control difficulty, is not easy to centralized management, has increased the difficulty of the effective combination between a plurality of energy storage devices and the load.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to existing technology and have the problems referred to above; A kind of automobile mixed tensor storage device has been proposed; This energy storing device can be realized the effective combination between a plurality of energy storage units through single DC/DC converter, is convenient to the energy control between energy storage device and the load.
The present invention realizes through following technical proposal: a kind of automobile mixed tensor storage device; Comprise several energy-storage units that are used to store or produce various energy in the automobile, the two-way DC/DC converter of multiport and the inverter that is used for converting direct current to alternating current with several ports; Described several energy-storage units and inverter are connected in the two-way DC/DC converter of multiport respectively successively, and the two-way DC/DC converter of described multiport is used to realize between several energy-storage units, connection and communication between energy-storage units and the load.
Under the different road conditions of running car; Energy between several energy-storage units is adjusted through the two-way DC/DC converter of multiport; Can realize doing between the energy-storage units more, connection and communication between energy-storage units and the load, effectively control is supplied with and storage scheme the energy of load is best.Energy savings, the two-way DC/DC converter of single multiport is realized the transmission of a plurality of energy synchronously simultaneously, improves control of energy efficient.
In above-mentioned automobile mixed tensor storage device; The two-way DC/DC converter of described multiport comprises several input stage combined circuit and output-stage circuits, and described input stage combined circuit is connected with the high frequency transformer of output-stage circuit through many windings.Select for use to have multi-form that several input stage combined circuits can be according to the energy-storage units in the actual vehicle, like the mixing application of multiple energy such as electrokinetic cell, super capacitor, solar cell, fuel cell at vehicle.Realized that a multiport two-way DC/DC converter just can control the output of a plurality of energy.
In above-mentioned automobile mixed tensor storage device, described input stage combined circuit comprises several same low pressure half-bridge circuit, and the output of described low pressure half-bridge circuit and high frequency transformer primary coil are connected in series.Each input stage energy-storage units is rectified into direct current through the low pressure half-bridge circuit, and direct current boosts through high frequency transformer.The half-bridge rectification circuit produces the direct current that is interrupted pulsation with half-wave, uses the half-bridge rectification to the better effects if that discharges and recharges between the energy-storage units as the input of mixed tensor storage device.
In above-mentioned automobile mixed tensor storage device, described output-stage circuit is the high voltage half-bridge circuit, and the secondary coil of described high voltage half-bridge circuit input end and high frequency transformer is connected in series.The energy of energy-storage units boosts the back through high voltage half-bridge circuit rectification output through high frequency transformer.
In above-mentioned automobile mixed tensor storage device; Described each low pressure half-bridge circuit comprises top IGBT and bottom IGBT; The drain electrode of the source electrode of described top IGBT and bottom IGBT is connected in series, and drain electrode and the source electrode of described bottom IGBT are connected in energy-storage units through inductance; Be connected in series with two electric capacity between the source electrode of the drain electrode of described top IGBT and bottom IGBT, the source series inductance of top IGBT and the drain electrode series capacitance of top IGBT and high frequency transformer primary coil are connected to form the output loop of low pressure half-bridge circuit.Each low pressure half-bridge circuit is controlled the energy output or the input of energy-storage units through the break-make that is connected the gate pole of IGBT with control unit.This just can control a plurality of energy-storage units by a plurality of low pressure half-bridge circuits; Simultaneously the half-bridge rectification circuit produces the direct current that is interrupted pulsation with half-wave, uses the half-bridge rectification to the better effects if that discharges and recharges between the energy-storage units as the input of mixed tensor storage device.
In above-mentioned automobile mixed tensor storage device; Described each high voltage half-bridge circuit comprises top IGBT and bottom IGBT; The drain electrode of the source electrode of described top IGBT and bottom IGBT is connected in series; The end of the source electrode of the drain electrode of described top IGBT and bottom IGBT is connected in parallel to two electric capacity that are connected in series, and the drain electrode series capacitance of the source electrode of top IGBT and top IGBT and high frequency transformer secondary coil are connected to form the input circuit of high voltage half-bridge circuit, and the source electrode of the drain electrode of described top IGBT and bottom IGBT also is connected in parallel to the 3rd electric capacity; Said the 3rd electric capacity is decoupling capacitance, and the two ends of the 3rd electric capacity are used to connect the output of load.High-tension current through producing after the high frequency transformer transformation carries out halfwave rectifier once more, makes high-tension electricity more stable, is suitable for the load electricity consumption.The 3rd electric capacity is that decoupling capacitance is connected between the both positive and negative polarity of output circuit, can prevent the parasitic oscillation that positive feedback path that circuit forms through the internal resistance of source causes.
In above-mentioned automobile mixed tensor storage device, also be connected in parallel to diode and electric capacity between the drain electrode of described each IGBT and the source electrode, described diode at the drain electrode of each IGBT and source electrode for oppositely to be connected.When electric current flows through the drain electrode of IGBT and the diode and the electric capacity realization rectification of source electrode parallel connection.
In above-mentioned automobile mixed tensor storage device, the two-way DC/DC converter of described multiport comprises the high frequency transformer primary coil tandem compound that has 2-4 input stage low pressure half-bridge circuit and be complementary.
In above-mentioned automobile mixed tensor storage device, the two-way DC/DC converter of described multiport is connected with the input of inverter through dc bus, and inverter is through ac bus output.Be connected with ac bus through dc bus and reduced the wiring harness in the vehicle.
Prior art is compared, and this automobile mixed tensor storage device electric supply installation has the following advantages:
1, this automobile mixed tensor storage device is realized the power conversion between a plurality of different energy-storage units and the load through a two-way DC/DC converter of multiport.The advantage of different energy-storage units is fully played, and different energy-storage units deficiencies can remedy each other, thus the cycle life that has prolonged each energy-storage units.
2, this automobile mixed tensor storage device has identical bridge circuit through the rectification and the transformation half-bridge rectification output again of the half-bridge circuit of a plurality of input stages of control, has realized the two-way flow of electric energy between a plurality of energy-storage units and the load.
3, this automobile mixed tensor storage device just can be realized a plurality of different energy conversion and transmission through a two-way DC/DC converter of multiport, and a plurality of energy-storage units are effectively combined, and is convenient to the centralized management and the control of automobile self-energy
4, this automobile mixed tensor storage device makes full use of the characteristic of half-bridge circuit, not only makes whole energy storing device be simple and easy to more realize, reduces taking motor space, and the efficiency of transmission between the energy is higher simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is based on the structural representation of the two-way DC/DC converter of multiport;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the two-way DC/DC converter of two ports.
Among the figure 1, the two-way DC/DC converter of multiport; 2, inverter; A, dc bus; B, ac bus; TR, high frequency transformer.
Embodiment
Below be specific embodiment of the present invention and combine accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is done further to describe, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiment.
Like Fig. 1; Shown in Figure 2; This automobile mixed tensor storage device comprises several energy-storage units that are used to store or produce various energy in the automobile, the two-way DC/DC converter 1 of multiport with several ports and the inverter 2 that is used for converting direct current to alternating current; Several energy-storage units and inverter are connected in the two-way DC/DC converter of multiport respectively successively, and the two-way DC/DC converter of multiport is used to realize between several energy-storage units, connection and communication between energy-storage units and the load.The two-way DC/DC converter 1 of multiport is connected with the input of inverter 2 through dc bus A, and inverter 2 is through ac bus B output.
The two-way DC/DC converter 1 of multiport comprises several input stage combined circuit and output-stage circuits, and the input stage combined circuit is connected with the high frequency transformer TR of output-stage circuit through many windings.The input stage combined circuit comprises several same low pressure half-bridge circuit, and the output of low pressure half-bridge circuit and high frequency transformer primary coil are connected in series; Output-stage circuit is the high voltage half-bridge circuit, and the secondary coil of high voltage half-bridge circuit input end and high frequency transformer TR is connected in series.Most preferably comprising of the two-way DC/DC converter 1 of multiport has 2-4 input stage low pressure half-bridge circuit and the high frequency transformer TR primary coil tandem compound that is complementary.
As shown in Figure 3, set forth the structural principle and the connected mode of bidirectional interface DC/DC converter in detail with two ports, a low pressure half-bridge circuit comprises top IGBT Q
1With bottom IGBT Q
3, top IGBT Q
1Source electrode and bottom IGBT Q
3Drain electrode be connected in series bottom IGBT Q
3Drain electrode and source electrode pass through inductance L
1Be connected in energy-storage units V
In1Top IGBT Q
1Drain electrode and bottom IGBT Q
3Source electrode between be connected in series with two capacitor C
1, C
6, top IGBT Q
1The source series inductance L
2With top IGBT Q
1Drain electrode series capacitance C
1Be connected to form the output loop of low pressure half-bridge circuit with high frequency transformer TR primary coil, as the power supply V of next circuit
S, or bottom IGBTQ
3Drain electrode series inductance L
2With bottom IGBT Q
3The source series capacitor C
6Be connected to form the output loop of low pressure half-bridge circuit with high frequency transformer TR primary coil.Second low pressure half-bridge circuit is identical with above-mentioned low pressure half-bridge circuit components and parts and connecting circuit, comprises top IGBT Q
4With bottom IGBT Q
6, top IGBT Q
4Source electrode and bottom IGBT Q
6Drain electrode be connected in series bottom IGBT Q
6Drain electrode and source electrode pass through inductance L
3Be connected in energy-storage units V
In2Top IGBT Q
4Drain electrode and bottom IGBT Q
6Source electrode between be connected in series with two capacitor C
8, C
13, top IGBT Q
4The source series inductance L
4With top IGBT Q
4Drain electrode series capacitance C
8Be connected to form the output loop of low pressure half-bridge circuit or bottom IGBT Q with another primary coil of high frequency transformer TR
6Drain electrode series inductance L
4With bottom IGBT Q
6The source series capacitor C
13Be connected to form the output loop of low pressure half-bridge circuit with high frequency transformer TR primary coil.At each above-mentioned IGBT Q
1, Q
3, Q
4, Q
6Drain electrode and source electrode between also be connected in parallel to diode D respectively
1, D
3, D
4, D
6And capacitor C
2, C
5, C
9, C
12, diode D
1, D
3, D
4, D
6At the drain electrode of each IGBT and source electrode for oppositely to be connected, energy-storage units V
In1With energy-storage units V
In2Be energy-storage units inequality.
Each high voltage half-bridge circuit comprises top IGBT Q
2With bottom IGBT Q
5, top IGBT Q
2Source electrode and bottom IGBT Q
5Drain electrode be connected in series top IGBT Q
2Drain electrode and bottom IGBT Q
5The end of source electrode be connected in parallel to two capacitor C that are connected in series
4, C10, top IGBT Q
2Source electrode and top IGBT Q
2Drain electrode series capacitance and the high frequency transformer TR secondary coil input circuit that is connected to form the high voltage half-bridge circuit, top IGBT Q
2Drain electrode and bottom IGBT Q
5Source electrode also be connected in parallel to the 3rd capacitor C
7, the 3rd capacitor C
7Be decoupling capacitance, the 3rd capacitor C
7Two ends be the output that is used to connect load.At above-mentioned IGBT Q
2, Q
5Drain electrode and source electrode between also be connected in parallel to diode D
2, D
5And capacitor C
3, C
11, diode D
2, D
5At the drain electrode of each IGBT and source electrode for oppositely to be connected.The above-mentioned IGBT of being parallel to emitter and the capacitor C that drains and be connected in parallel
1, C
6C
8, C
13, C
4, C
10Be neutralizing capacitance, be used to overcome the IGBT interelectrode capacitance and the self-oscillation that causes.
This device adopts the two-way DC/DC converter 1 of multiport to realize that the bidirectional power between each input and the output flows; Can be suitable for two kinds or multiple different energy-storage units; Like the effective combination between electrokinetic cell and the ultracapacitor; Perhaps effective combination of energy between electrokinetic cell, ultracapacitor and the solar cell; Even adopt fuel cell etc., can realize the effective combination between a plurality of different energy-storage units according to the input stage of the corresponding number of can multiport two-way DC/DC converter 1.The energy of energy-storage units converts AC power to through inverter 2 again through the two-way effective electric energy of DC/DC converter 1 control output of multiport, offers the load of vehicle.This device only needs 1 pair of different energy storage device of a two-way DC/DC converter of multiport to carry out centralized control and management, and is simple in structure, makes things convenient for communication, and can remedy the deficiency of each energy storage device, brings into play its advantage, prolongs the useful life of each energy storage device.Simultaneously, can realize different combinations between a plurality of energy storage devices.
Enumerate below that to have two operation principles with the automobile mixed tensor storage device of three different energy-storage units following:
(1) realize dynamic lithium battery and ultracapacitor with the two-way DC/DC converter of multiport 1 both effectively combine.When vehicle acceleration, climbing; Ultracapacitor and electrokinetic cell pass through the unified dc high-voltage of control output of the corresponding half-bridge circuit of the two-way DC/DC converter 1 of multiport respectively; Dc high-voltage is transferred to inverter through dc bus to carry out inversion and converts High Level AC Voltage to; Transmit electric energy through ac bus to load again, control two energy-storage units powering load simultaneously, realize high efficiency and high-performance under the high power state; When vehicle needs power is low such as during cruising condition; Only need electrokinetic cell electric energy to be provided to load; And the unnecessary energy of electrokinetic cell can charge to ultracapacitor, through the ad hoc structure of the two-way DC/DC converter of multiport, but the transmitted in both directions energy; Optimal energy supplying mode when realizing low-power recovers the quantity of electric charge that ultracapacitor loses when high power state; When regenerative braking, peak power will mainly be absorbed by ultracapacitor, and only finite part is that dynamic lithium battery absorbs.This device has utilized the characteristics of dynamic lithium battery high-energy-density, ultracapacitor high-specific-power, has brought into play both advantages, compensates its defect, and has high-energy-density, high-specific-power, advantages such as long life.
(2) utilize the two-way DC/DC converter 1 of multiport to be embodied as dynamic lithium battery, ultracapacitor and solar cell three and form the mixed tensor storage device.When vehicle acceleration, climbing, ultracapacitor, electrokinetic cell, solar energy are simultaneously to the load delivering power; When vehicle needs power is low such as during cruising condition, electrokinetic cell and solar cell will be to the load delivering powers, and ultracapacitor is charged, and recover the quantity of electric charge that it loses when high power state; When regenerative braking, peak power will mainly be absorbed by ultracapacitor, and only finite part is that dynamic lithium battery absorbs.In addition, solar cell receives illumination effect bigger in this structure, and when when illumination condition is good, solar cell can charge to dynamic lithium battery, the loss of makeup energy.Under normal circumstances; Through dynamic lithium battery lower continuous power is provided; When the load pulsation of big electric current occurring, through ultracapacitor instantaneous peak value power is provided, thereby increases substantially the performance of this energy-storage system; Through the complementation between each system, prolong the useful life of energy-storage system.
Specific embodiment described herein only is that the present invention's spirit is illustrated.Person of ordinary skill in the field of the present invention can make various modifications or replenishes or adopt similar mode to substitute described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the defined scope of appended claims.
Although this paper has used terms such as the two-way DC/DC converter of multiport 1, inverter 2, dc bus A, ac bus B, high frequency transformer TR morely, do not get rid of the possibility of using other term.Using these terms only is in order to describe and explain essence of the present invention more easily; It all is contrary with spirit of the present invention being construed to any additional restriction to them.
Claims (9)
1. automobile mixed tensor storage device; It is characterized in that; Comprise several energy-storage units, two-way DC/DC converter of multiport (1) that is used to store or produce various energy in the automobile and the inverter (2) that is used for converting direct current to alternating current with several ports; Described several energy-storage units and inverter (2) are connected in the two-way DC/DC converter of multiport (1) respectively successively, and the two-way DC/DC converter of described multiport (1) is used to realize between several energy-storage units, connection and communication between energy-storage units and the load.
2. automobile mixed tensor storage device according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; The two-way DC/DC converter of described multiport (1) comprises several input stage combined circuit and output-stage circuits, and described input stage combined circuit is connected with the high frequency transformer (TR) of output-stage circuit through many windings.
3. automobile mixed tensor storage device according to claim 2; It is characterized in that; Described input stage combined circuit comprises several same low pressure half-bridge circuit, and the output of described low pressure half-bridge circuit and high frequency transformer (TR) primary coil is connected in series.
4. according to claim 2 or 3 described automobile mixed tensor storage devices, it is characterized in that described output-stage circuit is the high voltage half-bridge circuit, the secondary coil of described high voltage half-bridge circuit input end and high frequency transformer (TR) is connected in series.
5. automobile mixed tensor storage device according to claim 4; It is characterized in that; Described each low pressure half-bridge circuit comprises top IGBT and bottom IGBT; The drain electrode of the source electrode of described top IGBT and bottom IGBT is connected in series, and drain electrode and the source electrode of described bottom IGBT are connected in energy-storage units through inductance; Be connected in series with two electric capacity between the source electrode of the drain electrode of described top IGBT and bottom IGBT, the source series inductance of top IGBT and the drain electrode series capacitance of top IGBT and high frequency transformer (TR) primary coil are connected to form the output loop of low pressure half-bridge circuit.
6. automobile mixed tensor storage device according to claim 5; It is characterized in that; Described each high voltage half-bridge circuit comprises top IGBT and bottom IGBT; The drain electrode of the source electrode of described top IGBT and bottom IGBT is connected in series; The end of the source electrode of the drain electrode of described top IGBT and bottom IGBT is connected in parallel to two electric capacity that are connected in series, and the drain electrode series capacitance of the source electrode of top IGBT and top IGBT and high frequency transformer (TR) secondary coil are connected to form the input circuit of high voltage half-bridge circuit, and the source electrode of the drain electrode of described top IGBT and bottom IGBT also is connected in parallel to the 3rd electric capacity; Said the 3rd electric capacity is decoupling capacitance, and the two ends of the 3rd electric capacity are used to connect the output of load.
7. automobile mixed tensor storage device according to claim 6 is characterized in that, also is connected in parallel to diode and electric capacity between the drain electrode of described each IGBT and the source electrode, described diode at the drain electrode of each IGBT and source electrode for oppositely to be connected.
8. automobile mixed tensor storage device according to claim 7 is characterized in that, the two-way DC/DC converter of described multiport (1) comprises high frequency transformer (TR) the primary coil tandem compound that has 2-4 input stage low pressure half-bridge circuit and be complementary.
9. automobile mixed tensor storage device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the two-way DC/DC converter of described multiport (1) is connected with the input of inverter (2) through dc bus (A), and inverter (2) is through ac bus (B) output.
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| CN105406555A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-03-16 | 合肥工业大学 | Multi-port converter for electric automobile cluster charging and discharging and control method of multi-port converter |
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| CN110265886A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-09-20 | 云南电网有限责任公司昭通供电局 | A kind of charge-discharge controller for ring network cabinet |
| CN113199949A (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-08-03 | 东北大学 | Multi-port energy conversion device for charging electric automobile and control method thereof |
| CN113199949B (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2024-05-14 | 东北大学 | Multi-port energy conversion device for charging electric automobile and control method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20120711 |