CN102568261B - Auxiliary musical instrument learning machine - Google Patents
Auxiliary musical instrument learning machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN102568261B CN102568261B CN201110446904.3A CN201110446904A CN102568261B CN 102568261 B CN102568261 B CN 102568261B CN 201110446904 A CN201110446904 A CN 201110446904A CN 102568261 B CN102568261 B CN 102568261B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an auxiliary musical instrument learning machine. The auxiliary musical instrument learning machine comprises a music file storage unit, a data processing unit, a display unit and input equipment, wherein the music file storage unit is used for storing music files of set formats; the data processing unit is used for reading the music files in the music file storage unit to acquire standard parameter data of the music files and transmitting the standard parameter data corresponding to each note in the music files to the display unit for displaying according to the playing sequence and the set rhythms; the display unit is used for displaying the standard parameter data corresponding to each note in the music files; the input equipment is used for receiving the playing notes input by a user and transmitting the playing notes to the data processing unit for playing and recording; and the data processing unit is also used for extracting playing parameter data of the playing notes, comparing the playing parameter data with the standard parameter data of the corresponding notes in the music files, storing a segment of inconsistent notes as a separate playing file and reminding the user to repeat playing through the display unit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to musical instrument field, in particular to a kind of auxiliary musical instrument learning machine.
Background technology
From the angle that musical instrument and melody are imparted knowledge to students, traditional devices for learning musical instruments is that the mode repeatedly practised on musical instrument by contrast music score is realized.Following multiple inconvenience is had for this method of keyboard instrument:
1, because traditional note printing is on paper, so need constantly to browse music score in the process played.
2, in the process played, player needs constantly on musical instrument, to find corresponding key.
3, music score is printed on books usually, and due to the impact of the publication speed and sphere of circulation that are subject to books, player often not easily finds the music score wanting to play.
4, playing procedure is dull, and musical instrument itself cannot be passed judgment on the level of player, is difficult to the effect playing excitation player.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of auxiliary musical instrument learning machine, can need constantly to browse the problem of music score in order to overcome in playing procedure.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of auxiliary musical instrument learning machine, it comprises:
Melody file storage unit, for storing the melody file of setting form;
Data processing unit, for reading the melody file in melody file storage unit, obtain the canonical parameter data of melody file, and according to the beat of performance order and setting, canonical parameter data corresponding for each note in melody file are sent to display unit display;
Display unit, for showing canonical parameter data corresponding to each note in melody file;
Input equipment, for receiving the musical notes of user's input, and is sent to data processing unit broadcasting and record by musical notes;
Data processing unit is also for extracting the performance supplemental characteristic of musical notes, it is contrasted with the canonical parameter data of corresponding note in melody file, one section of note at inconsistent note place is saved as and plays file separately and repeat to play by display unit prompting user.
Preferably, melody file is midi file, and canonical parameter data and performance supplemental characteristic comprise respectively: beat, pitch, volume and tone color.
Preferably, data processing unit is also for playing melody file.
Preferably, data processing unit is also for judging that whether the performance supplemental characteristic of user's current input note is consistent with the canonical parameter data of display unit current display note, if consistent, play current input note, otherwise, forbid playing current input note and again play current display note by display unit prompting user.
Preferably, data processing unit is also marked for inputting note according to the canonical parameter data of each note and the code of points of setting to user.
Preferably, data processing unit is also for the rhythm arranging adjustment melody file according to above-mentioned appraisal result or user.
Preferably, data processing unit is also selected the starting point of melody document data flow and end point for being accepted user by display unit, plays to choose one section of melody.
Preferably, display unit is also for pointing out the performance moment of one or more note to be performed in user's melody file.
Preferably, display unit is LCDs or LED component.
In the above-described embodiments, player can play with reference to the prompting of display unit, whether the note information that in the process played, no matter player inputs is consistent with the note information that display device is pointed out, learning machine all can be play the note of player's input in a voice form, and overcoming in playing procedure needs constantly to browse the problem of music score.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, be briefly described to the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the auxiliary musical instrument learning machine schematic diagram of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 a is the artificial performance hint process flow diagram of melody file of Fig. 1 embodiment;
Fig. 2 b is that the melody file of Fig. 1 embodiment manually plays flowchart;
Fig. 3 is the melody file automatic Playing process flow diagram of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the semi-automatic performance process flow diagram of melody of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the playing effect evaluation rubric figure of one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is that the specific musical composition section of one embodiment of the invention plays process flow diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not paying the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiments of the invention computer and electronic technology adopt the mode of software and hardware combining to form, the information such as tone color, beat, note, volume are obtained from melody file and Man Machine Interface respectively by processor, and carry out analyzing, processing, thus the various functions described by realizing.Below the description of each major function that it will realize:
1, automatic Playing function: can according to the note information automatic Playing melody in melody file.
2, artificial playing function: player can play with reference to the prompting of display device, whether the note information that in the process played, no matter player inputs is consistent with the note information that display device is pointed out, and learning machine all can be play the note of player's input in a voice form.
3, semi-automatic playing function: player can play with reference to the prompting of display device, the note information only having player to input in the process played is consistent with the note information that display device is pointed out, learning machine just can carry out timing to beat, and the note of player's input is play in a voice form.
4, playing effect adjudicatory function: learning machine can contrast the actual playing effect of the note information in melody file to player and judge.
5, musical composition section playing function: player can select a section in melody to carry out circulation performance.
Fig. 1 is the auxiliary musical instrument learning machine schematic diagram of one embodiment of the invention; As shown in Figure 1, auxiliary musical instrument learning machine comprises: for the treatment of the main processor modules 10 of musical composition information, is responsible for the human-computer interaction module 20 with display and input function of man-machine interaction, and the melody sounding module 30 of responsible sounding.
Main processing block comprises master data processing unit 102, melody file storage unit 101, auxiliary circuit and Man Machine Interface.Auxiliary circuit is responsible for data processing unit for its necessary power supply that normally works, clock etc.Man Machine Interface is responsible for inputting with note and the connection of note display translation equipment.
Melody sounding module in charge main processor modules is transmitted etc. the data with musical composition information to be played convert sound to user can be heard.As shown in Figure 1, it comprises: sound source chip (also can utilize its function of software simulation by processor), digital analog converter and the equipment such as power amplification circuit and loudspeaker earphone.
Wherein audiogenic device is responsible for the digital signal musical composition information that is feature record with information such as note, tone color, volumes being converted to recording voltage or curent change, D/A conversion circuit is responsible for converting digital signal to real voltage and current, power amplification circuit is responsible for the gain regulating electric current and voltage, and earphone and these terminal devices of loudspeaker are responsible for sound to be reduced by voltage and current.The selection of sound source chip determines the quality of tonequality, can select special midi sound source chip.
Main processor modules 10 comprises melody file storage unit 101 and data processing unit 102, and human-computer interaction module 20 comprises display unit 201 and input equipment 202.
Melody file storage unit 101, for storing the melody file of setting form, melody file storage unit can comprise mass storage, can connect the slot of the storage card of movable storage device, the data line interface of linking up with exogenous data and wireless network card.
Data processing unit 102, for reading the melody file in melody file storage unit 101, obtain the canonical parameter data of melody file, and according to the beat of performance order and setting, canonical parameter data corresponding for each note in melody file are sent to display unit 201 and show; Data processing unit can adopt single-chip microcomputer, the digital logic devices such as CPLD.
Display unit 201, for showing canonical parameter data corresponding to each note in melody file, can also be used for showing state residing for current learning machine to user, and the device that display unit can have a display translation function by LCDs and led etc. realizes.
Input equipment 202, for receiving the note information (can be strike up a certain note or stop playing a certain note) of user's input, and is sent to data processing unit 102 and plays and record by note information; Wherein, feel to bring the performance closer to musical instrument itself, input equipment can have different structures and profile for different musical instruments, for piano learning machine, input equipment can be Dynamics keyboard, can tell what key when processor player pressing, touch keyboard or bang keyboard etc.
Data processing unit 102 is also for extracting the performance supplemental characteristic of musical notes, it is contrasted with the canonical parameter data of corresponding note in melody file, one section of note at inconsistent note place is saved as and plays file separately and point out user to repeat to play by display unit 201.
For the ease of the realization of system, select the main melody file type that midi melody file (or developing other melody formatted file of formation on its basis) supports as system.Canonical parameter data and performance supplemental characteristic comprise respectively: beat, pitch, volume and tone color.
In melody file, a performance event is called to the record of the end of the performance of the beginning of the performance of a new note or old note.Concrete performance event both can the information such as type, tone color, pitch, volume of recording events, also can record the time interval i.e. the information of beat of it and a upper event.
It is pointed out that the midi file described in the present invention refers to midi normative document and is similar to the melody file that midi normative document also can record the supplemental characteristics such as beat, tone color, tone, volume.
Midi melody file as each details of the not direct recording voice of a kind of special melody file, but carries out record with a kind of form being similar to music score to melody.In staff, melody records based on the information such as tone, beat, and the essential information that player then can be recorded in staff according to these uses musical instrument, reproduces the glamour of melody.And midi melody file itself is also a kind of melody file recording note information, in midi file, tone color can also be recorded, the information such as volume except recording the tone of note, these information of beat.Instrument playing can be used to go out beautiful melody by means of staff people, then can use the accurate ideally playing music of the sound source chip on sound card by midi file computer.Difference is that midi file instead of staff, and midi audiogenic device instead of musical instrument, and computer processor then instead of player.
There is the midi file of alternative music score, the midi sound source chip of replacement instrument, and processor and some other relevant equipment, just it can be allowed to realize above-mentioned various function by carrying out programming to computing machine.
Fig. 2 a is the artificial performance hint process flow diagram of melody file of Fig. 1 embodiment; Fig. 2 b is that the melody file of Fig. 1 embodiment manually plays flowchart.
The flow process showing note information to user shown in Fig. 2 a processes according to following step:
(1) information (tone color of the note that will perform after reading for two seconds from file, pitch, volume, start/stop is played), and current time and the mistiming T in moment to be performed are together carried out buffer memory as note information as the data of note to be performed;
(2) from the data of buffer memory, read note information, deliver to human-computer interaction module display (can show respectively according to the difference of mistiming T);
(3) wait for 100ms (A), upgrade data cached in time difference information, and successively by the time difference information of note to be performed reduce 100ms (B);
(4) from the note that data cached middle erasing time difference T equals 0;
(5) judge data cached in the note whether do not played and note in file all read in buffer memory, if it is terminate, otherwise return step (1).
The flow process that execution user shown in Fig. 2 b plays is carried out as follows:
(1) initialization human-computer interaction module;
(2) user's input information (input information both can be the beginning of certain note, also can be the end of certain note) is waited for;
(3) judge whether user has the input information of renewal, if perform step (4), otherwise perform step (2);
(4) control according to input information the process (tone color, pitch, volume, start/stop performance) that sounding module performs sound, and proceed to execution step (2).
Such as, for realizing the automatic Playing of musical instrument, data processing unit can also to recording pitch, beat, and the melody file of the note informations such as volume carries out played in order.
Fig. 3 is the melody file automatic Playing process flow diagram of one embodiment of the invention; As shown in the figure, automatic Playing comprises the following steps:
(1) information (tone color of the note that will perform after reading for two seconds from file, pitch, volume, start/stop is played), and current time and the mistiming T in moment to be performed are together carried out buffer memory as note information as the data of note to be performed.
(2) from data cached middle reading note information, human-computer interaction module display (can show respectively according to the difference of mistiming T) is delivered to.
(3) wait for 100ms (A), upgrade data cached in time difference information.And successively the time difference information of note to be performed is reduced 100ms (B).
(4) from the note that data cached middle erasing time difference equals 0, and melody sounding resume module is sent to.
(5) judge data cached in the note whether do not played and note in file all read in buffer memory, if it is terminate, otherwise return step (1).
Such as, above-mentioned data processing unit is also for judging that whether the performance supplemental characteristic of user's current input note is consistent with the canonical parameter data of display unit current display note, if consistent, play current input note, otherwise, forbid playing current input note and again play current display note by display unit prompting user.In the playing process of melody file, the broadcasting of user's playing information to melody file that the present embodiment can transmit in conjunction with man-machine interface controls, thus realizes the semi-automatic performance of melody.
Fig. 4 is the semi-automatic performance process flow diagram of melody of one embodiment of the invention; As shown in the figure, data processing unit processes according to following step:
(1) information (tone color of the note that will perform after reading for two seconds from file, pitch, volume, start/stop is played), and current time and the mistiming T in moment to be performed are together carried out buffer memory as note information as the data of note to be performed;
(2) from the data of buffer memory, read note information, deliver to human-computer interaction module display (can show respectively according to the difference of mistiming T);
(3) wait for 100ms (A), upgrade data cached in time difference information, and successively by the time difference information of note to be performed reduce 100ms (B);
(4) if judge the note that in data buffer storage, not free difference equals 0, and file does not terminate, then proceed to step (1), otherwise enters step (5);
(5) wait for, until the note information identical with the information that the data cached middle mistiming equals the note of 0 (mainly judging pitch) that data processing unit collects from man-machine interface;
(6) from the note that data cached middle erasing time difference equals 0, melody sounding resume module is sent to;
(7) judge data cached in the note whether do not played and note in file all read in buffer memory, if it is terminate, otherwise return step (1).
For passing judgment on the playing effect of user, above-mentioned data processing unit is also marked for inputting note according to the canonical parameter data of each note and the code of points of setting to user.Such as, first record is carried out to the performance of mistake and correct performance, then obtain the evaluation of playing effect according to certain evaluation criterion.
Fig. 5 is the playing effect evaluation rubric figure of one embodiment of the invention.Data processing unit contrast in the process played data cached in note information and user's information such as actual tone, beat and the power played in playing procedure, the performance of misregistration and correct performance, then obtain the evaluation of playing effect according to wrong performance number of times and the correct record playing number of times according to certain judgment criteria.
In Fig. 5, playing effect evaluation rubric comprises the following steps:
(1) new playing information A (tone color, pitch, volume, start/stop performance) is obtained from man-machine interface;
(2) contrast check data cached in, if note information D playing information A is consistent, and " time difference information " T of this note is less than certain value (preferably value can be 50ms), then add 1 to Right value, otherwise add 1 to Wrong value;
(3) terminate if played, then score according to formula, otherwise continue to perform step (1).
Each note carries out the timing of time T while beginning through display device display.If have correct note information from Man Machine Interface input in official hour T, represent that input is correct.If the note inputted in official hour T is incorrect, or before stipulated time T or after input all can think input error.According to the quantitative relation between inputted correct note and error note, just can finally be evaluated.Such as: the note number of correct input is RIGHT, the note number of mistake input is WRONG, so can be provided the rational mark C between 0 to 100 by formula below.
C＝(RIGHT/(RIGHT+WRONG))*100。
In order to change difficulty, also can modify to above formula, adding degree-of-difficulty factor factor D.When D Dayu 0 is less than 1, difficulty reduces.When D is greater than 1, difficulty increases.
C＝(RIGHT/(RIGHT+WRONG*D))*100。
Such as, data processing unit is also for the rhythm arranging adjustment melody file according to the scoring appraisal result of unit or user.
At above-mentioned automatic Playing, in semi-automatic performance and the artificial flow process played, all comprise step " wait for 100ms (A), upgrade data cached in time difference information.The time difference information of each band musical notes is reduced 100ms (B) ".Under default situations, when " the time A of wait " and renewal, " the time B of minimizing " is all 100ms.If the ratio of change A and B, then can change the rhythm of melody.Such as: A=200ms, B=100ms, then mean that rhythm is slack-off one times.
Such as, data processing unit is also selected the starting point of melody document data flow and end point for being accepted user by display unit, to carry out performance of playing or circulate in the one section of specific musical composition section chosen.
Fig. 6 is that the specific musical composition section of one embodiment of the invention plays process flow diagram.User can arrange the musical composition section selecting to play, and after user chooses interval, program records initial terminal A and the end caps B of data stream, and the program of performance circulates performance between these two end points.First data stream is positioned at melody file A place by performance program, then plays.Check the position of the next note that will play after often playing a note, if this position is B, then data stream is repositioned onto A, continue circulation and play.
Such as, display unit also for pointing out the performance moment of one or more note to be performed in user's melody file, with make user performance current note while ready for playing next note.
As can be seen from foregoing description, the present invention realizes a kind of with automatic Playing by hyundai electronics and computer technology means, semi-automatic guiding is played, and manually plays, the devices for learning musical instruments machine of the functions such as musical composition section performance and playing effect judge.The principal feature of this learning machine is: can play the melody file that user selects on the one hand; And user can also be instructed correctly intactly to play out selected melody according to the various information prompting in melody file on the other hand; The record of right and wrong can also be made in addition to the performance of user in the process played, after performance terminates, provide corresponding judge.As a kind of novel electronic product, auxiliary musical instrument learning machine not only can help the devices for learning musical instruments interest of person's enhancing to devices for learning musical instruments, the rapidly performance of study and grasp melody, and can bring happy to the life of people as a kind of entertainment device.By adding out of Memory in melody file, and write corresponding program and can also develop vocality study, the function that fingering study etc. are new.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: accompanying drawing is the schematic diagram of an embodiment, the module in accompanying drawing or flow process might not be that enforcement the present invention is necessary.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: the module in the device in embodiment can describe according to embodiment and be distributed in the device of embodiment, also can carry out respective change and be arranged in the one or more devices being different from the present embodiment.The module of above-described embodiment can merge into a module, also can split into multiple submodule further.
Last it is noted that above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention, be not intended to limit; Although with reference to previous embodiment to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in previous embodiment, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein portion of techniques feature; And these amendments or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the spirit and scope of embodiment of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (9)
1. an auxiliary musical instrument learning machine, is characterized in that, comprising:
Melody file storage unit, for storing the melody file of setting form;
Data processing unit, for reading the melody file in described melody file storage unit, obtain the canonical parameter data of described melody file, and according to the beat of performance order and setting, canonical parameter data corresponding for each note in described melody file are sent to display unit display;
Described display unit, for showing the canonical parameter data that in described melody file, each note is corresponding;
Input equipment, for receiving the musical notes of user's input, and is sent to the broadcasting of described data processing unit and record by described musical notes;
Described data processing unit is also for extracting the performance supplemental characteristic of described musical notes, it is contrasted with the canonical parameter data of corresponding note in described melody file, one section of note at inconsistent note place is saved as and plays file separately and repeat to play by described display unit prompting user;
Wherein, described data processing unit reads melody file and is sent to the display of described display unit and comprises:
(1) information of the note that will perform after reading for two seconds from melody file, and current time and the mistiming T in moment to be performed are together carried out buffer memory wherein as note information as the data of note to be performed, the information of described note comprises tone color, pitch, volume, start/stop is played;
(2) from the data of buffer memory, read note information, delivering to human-computer interaction module display, wherein showing respectively according to the difference of mistiming T when showing;
(3) wait for 100ms, upgrade data cached in time difference information, and successively by the time difference information of note to be performed reduce 100ms;
(4) from the note that data cached middle erasing time difference T equals 0;
(5) judge data cached in the note whether do not played and note in melody file all read in buffer memory, if it is terminate, otherwise return step (1).
2. auxiliary musical instrument learning machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described melody file is midi file, and described canonical parameter data and described performance supplemental characteristic comprise respectively: beat, pitch, volume and tone color.
3. auxiliary musical instrument learning machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described data processing unit is also for playing described melody file.
4. auxiliary musical instrument learning machine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described data processing unit is also for judging that whether the performance supplemental characteristic of user's current input note is consistent with the canonical parameter data of described display unit current display note, if consistent, play described current input note, otherwise, forbid playing described current input note and again play described current display note by described display unit prompting user.
5. auxiliary musical instrument learning machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described data processing unit is also marked for inputting note according to the canonical parameter data of each note and the code of points of setting to user.
6. auxiliary musical instrument learning machine according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described data processing unit is also for arranging according to described appraisal result or user the rhythm adjusting described melody file.
7. auxiliary musical instrument learning machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described data processing unit is also selected the starting point of melody document data flow and end point for accepting user by described display unit, plays to choose one section of melody.
8. auxiliary musical instrument learning machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described display unit is also for pointing out the performance moment of one or more note to be performed in melody file described in user.
9. auxiliary musical instrument learning machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described display unit is LCDs or LED component.
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