CN102562802A - Assembly type dynamic and static pressure bearing with radiating fin and finely-adjustable clearance - Google Patents
Assembly type dynamic and static pressure bearing with radiating fin and finely-adjustable clearance Download PDFInfo
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- CN102562802A CN102562802A CN201210076394XA CN201210076394A CN102562802A CN 102562802 A CN102562802 A CN 102562802A CN 201210076394X A CN201210076394X A CN 201210076394XA CN 201210076394 A CN201210076394 A CN 201210076394A CN 102562802 A CN102562802 A CN 102562802A
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- axle sleeve
- bearing
- dynamic
- hydrostatic bearing
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Abstract
The invention discloses an assembly type radial dynamic and static pressure bearing. The bearing comprises a front end cover, a shaft sleeve, a rear end cover, a bracket bolt, an adjustment bolt, a tapered wedge and the like. The tapered wedge is axially moved by the adjustment bolt to deform the shaft sleeve of which the inner wall is a cylindrical surface, so that crescent converged oil cavities are formed between the shaft sleeve and a main shaft neck. The oil cavities can have the effects of static pressure oil cavities and dynamic pressure oil cavities in combination with other structural characteristics. The bearing has a simple structure, high manufacturability, a radiating function and an extremely wide application range, and the clearance between the bearing and the main shaft neck can be finely adjusted.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to radially dynamic and hydrostatic bearing of a kind of assembling type, belong to the invention of mechanical engineering element.
Background technique
The excellent properties of full liquid sliding bearing is generally acknowledged by the public.With regard to friction factor, sliding bearing is 0.01-0.1, and rolling bearing is 0.0005-0.005, yet full liquid sliding bearing but can be accomplished under 0.0001 easily, is far superior to the most accurate rolling bearing.At aspects such as spindle rotation accuracy, smoothness of operation, absorbing shock resistance, working lifes, full liquid sliding bearing also all is much better than other bearing.Full liquid sliding bearing has the branch of hydrostatic bearing, hydraulic bearing and dynamic and hydrostatic bearing.Hydrostatic bearing holds up main shaft to make and has no direct contact between main shaft and the bearing through squeezing into extreme pressure lubricant in the bearing housing static pressure chamber; And the rotating speed of this performance and main shaft is irrelevant; Therefore; The great advantage of hydrostatic bearing is exactly at main shaft low speed even does not have under the situation of rotating speed and can make main shaft be in a kind of state of suspension, thereby makes the detent torque of main shaft extremely low, and axle journal and bearing almost do not have wearing and tearing forever.Yet hydrostatic bearing is high especially to the requirement of hydraulic system, no matter is meant flow controller, delivery pressure and system energy consumption, also is meant the stringency of filtration and the stability of pressure, and this has all had a strong impact on promoting the use of of hydrostatic bearing.Hydraulic bearing then utilizes the viscosity of lubricant oil; The lubricant oil that the main shaft journal surface is adhered to is brought into along with the rotation of main shaft and is the dynamic pressure oil pocket of restraining shape and receives increasing extruding; Produce so-called oil film wedge effect; The pressure of the wedge-like oil film that it generated becomes increasing in this process, so hydraulic bearing has very high rigidity and bearing capacity.But; Since the precondition that pressure-bearing wedge-like oil film generates be must reach certain between main shaft and the bearing relative velocity; Therefore; The disadvantage of hydraulic bearing is exactly direct metal friction between axle journal and the bearing in the process of device start and shutdown, to occur unavoidablely, and this just makes the working life of axis system and precision stability be affected.The then existing static pressure oil pocket of dynamic and hydrostatic bearing achieves the function of hydrostatic bearing; There is convergence shape dynamic pressure oil pocket to make it possess the characteristic of hydraulic bearing again; Therefore, it has had all advantages of hydrostatic bearing and hydraulic bearing concurrently, so obtained using widely and having received increasing concern.
No matter hydraulic bearing, or dynamic and hydrostatic bearing, they all have a structural element to be absolutely necessary, and that is exactly to generate the necessary dynamic pressure oil pocket of restraining shape that is of wedge-like oil film.For this reason, with regard to how forming convergence shape dynamic pressure oil pocket considerable mode has appearred.On axle journal, think hard, the axle journal section is arranged for oval and polygonal, like WO2010135135A2; There is the axle journal section to have special lug, like FR2616861A1; Have to have shallow chamber on the axle journal, like ZL200820159321.6; But more be on axle sleeve, try every possible means, the bearing shell formula arranged, like US3738717A; There are two ends to borrow the bearing shell formula of wedge adjustable clearance, like WO9529346A1; Watt formula of can inclining is arranged, like SU1200009A; Eccentric simgle oil wedge is arranged, like GB2198194A; Eccentric two oil film wedges are arranged, like US6966700B2; Crescent shape cavity heavy wool wedge is arranged, like the HSDB-R type (unidirectional) and the CA1234179A1 (can be two-way) of WO2008149038A2, China; Stepped cavity heavy wool wedge is arranged, like WMB type, the HSDB-1 type of ZL200910104109.9 and China; Have tapered sleeve to add to incline watt, like JP7332352A; There is tapered sleeve to add the crescent shape cavity, like CH273491A.Except top these modes, also have one type to be to utilize the resiliently deformable of material to form the dynamic pressure oil pocket of convergence shape, like US4676668A, US5664888A and the US6379046B1 of the bearing shell of belt variable shape supporting leg; Under the effect of two fixed supports and an adjustment fulcrum, make the GB344228A and the US3717393A of thin walled cylinder distortion; The SU739269A1 of circle external conical sleeve distortion in the cylindrical inner conical drogue forces through wedge shape is multiple tooth; Also has DE2544497A1; It all has many and radially cuts groove on the periphery of cylinder and inner headed face, on periphery, also have and axially cut groove, makes cylinder become a very easily elastomer of distortion; Screw through circumferential arrangement; Can cooperate the crescent shape cavity that has on the inner headed face easily, the dynamic pressure oil pocket that forms the convergence shape also can be adjusted the gap, is on sale throughout the whole world so far with the Spieth hydraulic bearing of inventor's naming.
Make a general survey of the design of existing hydraulic bearing and dynamic and hydrostatic bearing,, exist such or such deficiency still although wherein be no lack of exquisite talent's work; Or complex; Or manufacturability is too poor, or to cause overall stiffness too low for non-monolithic structure, or is at a complete loss as to what to do in the face of the temperature rise of bearing; Maybe must be equipped with two cover hydraulic systems; Or can only unidirectional rotation and can not two-wayly rotate, or the gap can not adjust or can not meticulously adjust, and maybe can only make hydraulic bearing and can't make dynamic and hydrostatic bearing.
Summary of the invention
To the deficiency of full liquid sliding bearing existing technology, the present invention propose a kind of simple in structure, good manufacturability, tool heat sinking function, can two-way rotation and can make the dynamic and hydrostatic bearing of meticulous adjustment to the gap.
The technological scheme that the present invention adopted is: on a thin walled cylinder outer wall, simultaneously cylinder is applied identical power in the number place that circumferentially is uniformly distributed with; Make thin walled cylinder produce well-regulated resiliently deformable, can form several crescent shape between the shape after the distortion and its incircle.The crescent shape that this mode is formed is used as the dynamic pressure oil pocket of bearing, single its shape in convergence shape oil pocket perfect more but, and it has also avoided the technological problems at the various cavitys of circular hole machined up hill and dale.End cap is added at two ends at thin walled cylinder, makes the crescent shape oil pocket singly not can be used as the dynamic pressure oil pocket, also can be used as the static pressure oil pocket.Connect with support bracket bolt between the two end cap, form the skeleton of bearing.Utilize the wedge principle to realize the resiliently deformable of thin walled cylinder.Concrete way is: dynamic and hydrostatic bearing adopts fabricated construction; Mainly form by a front cover, an axle sleeve, rear end cover, several axle sleeve distortion driving mechanisms and several support bracket bolts; Wherein, Front cover, rear end cover and support bracket bolt constitute the skeleton of dynamic and hydrostatic bearing, and simultaneously, front cover cooperates the axle sleeve after the distortion also to play the effect of static pressure oil pocket with rear end cover; Several axle sleeve distortion driving mechanisms are along circumferentially being uniformly distributed with; Progressively adjust each axle sleeve distortion driving mechanism through staggered in turn mode; Can force axle sleeve circumferentially and on its total length to be out of shape equably synchronously, thereby between axle sleeve and main shaft axle journal, form several crescent shape convergence shape dynamic pressure oil pockets at it.The inwall of axle sleeve is a perfect cylndrical surface before distortion, and its outer wall is provided with radiating fin and on total length, has the angled groove of several bottom surfaces and shaft axis vertically.Axle sleeve distortion driving mechanism is made up of tapered wedges, adjustment screw and pressure spring, and rotation adjustment screw can make tapered wedges move axially, thereby makes axle sleeve produce resiliently deformable, and pressure spring can help tapered wedges when making axle sleeve lax, to put in place more easily.To be pressure oil inject from an end of crescent shape oil pocket the inner oil circuit of dynamic and hydrostatic bearing, and the aperture that the other end through the crescent shape oil pocket is positioned on the axle sleeve flows out the outer wall that oil pocket arrives axle sleeve, discharges after the total length of the radiating fin on the axle sleeve outer wall of flowing through then.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: 1. simple in structure, utilize the resiliently deformable of material just to obtain shape and the most perfectly restrain shape dynamic pressure oil pocket; 2. good manufacturability does not have the complicated processing of any endoporus; 3. need not to be provided with and add flow controller; 4. only need one to overlap independently hydraulic system, two kinds of force value of default, when spindle speed is lower than certain definite value, hydraulic system output high pressure; At this moment, bearing is mainly worked with the mode of hydrostatic bearing, when spindle speed arrives or is higher than this definite value, and hydraulic system output normal pressure; At this moment, bearing is mainly worked with the mode of hydraulic bearing, like this; Both can guarantee that main shaft in the slow-speed of revolution or the safety when not having rotating speed, can reduce temperature elevation in hydraulic system again, reduce the energy consumption of system; 5. because bearing and main shaft axle journal are contactless, therefore, need not to be lined with materials such as Babbitt at sleeve lining; 6. because the area of dynamic pressure oil pocket is bigger, therefore, under the prerequisite of equal rigidity requirement, charge oil pressure required for the present invention can be lower; 7. the design of the design of radiating fin and bearing internal oil passages on the axle sleeve outer wall; Make bearing of the present invention possess the function of self-radiating without peer; This requires extra high, particularly useful to highstrung those applications of bearing thermal distortion to precision stability, such as high-accuracy lathe and testing apparatus; 8. because the convergent-divergent effect that wedge has size; Tapered wedges is reflected to axle sleeve distortion diametrically in axially movable distance; Size can be dwindled greatly; Therefore the present invention can realize the meticulous adjustment to least radius gap between the bearing and the main shaft diameter of axle very like a cork, and this is particularly useful such as high-accuracy lathe and testing apparatus to extra high those applications of main axis rotation required precision; 9. the present invention promptly can be applicable on the main shaft of all size according to the quantity of the size change oil film wedge of the diameter of axle; Change on front cover, the rear end cover diameter of fuel-displaced aperture on the axial length of oil sealing surface and the axle sleeve or the static pressure performance that quantity just can change bearing; Under the situation that the main shaft diameter of axle is confirmed, change the interior diameter of a circle of axle sleeve and just can adjust wedge shape degree of crescent shape cavity or the like, therefore, the present invention can adapt to the different working conditions and the different techniques requirement of various industries.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is described further.
Fig. 1 is that the embodiment of the invention is worked as the erection drawing of axle sleeve when being in relaxed state.
Fig. 2 is that the embodiment of the invention is worked as axle sleeve and is in the erection drawing when tightening up state.
1. front covers among the figure, 2. support bracket bolt, 3. adjustment screw, 4. pressure spring, 5. axle sleeve, 6. tapered wedges, 7. rear end cover, 8. circumferential locating stud.
Embodiment
The embodiment of the invention is selected four oil film wedge dynamic and hydrostatic bearings object as an example for use, and the axle journal diameter is 60mm, and the accompanying drawing ratio is 1: 1.Fig. 1 is the state of axle sleeve (5) when lax, and Fig. 2 is the state of axle sleeve (5) when tightening up.
Dynamic and hydrostatic bearing mainly is made up of front cover (1), axle sleeve (5), rear end cover (7), support bracket bolt (2), adjustment screw (3) and tapered wedges (6).Front cover (1), rear end cover (7) and support bracket bolt (2) constitute the skeleton of dynamic and hydrostatic bearing.Distance guarantees that with the cooperation of axle sleeve (5) length axle sleeve (5) just can move between control set bolt (2) two shoulders between front cover (1) and rear end cover (7).The inwall of axle sleeve (5) is a perfect cylndrical surface, has four grooves that are uniformly distributed with on its outer wall, the bi-side of groove and axis parallel, and the bottom surface and the shaft axis of groove have a certain degree.On the outer wall of axle sleeve (5), also be provided with radiating fin.Be provided with the axle sleeve distortion driving mechanism of forming by tapered wedges (6), adjustment screw (3) and pressure spring (4) in the groove on axle sleeve (5) outer wall.Adopt staggered in turn mode progressively to rotate four adjustment screws (3); Four tapered wedges (6) are moved axially in turn alternately; Tapered wedges (6) is made axially movable power according to the bottom surface of wedge principle radial effect in axle sleeve (5) outer wall trench, thereby makes axle sleeve (5) produce uniform resiliently deformable.Form four meniscate cavitys between axle sleeve after the distortion (5) and the main shaft axle journal.Adjustment screw (3) is also gone up the application of force at pressure spring (4) when tightening up axle sleeve (5); Therefore; When relaxing axle sleeve (5) by adjustment screw (3); Go up the application of force at tapered wedges (6) except the resilience meeting of adjustment screw (3) and axle sleeve (5), pressure spring (4) also can help tapered wedges (6) to put in place more easily.The cylindrical of front cover (1) and rear end cover (7) is the basis of Bearing Installation, so their grade of tolerance should be got h5.The endoporus of front cover (1) and rear end cover (7) is the axial oil sealing surface of bearing when the static pressure running state, so should leave suitable gap between this two hole and the main shaft axle journal.Lubricant oil flows into four crescent shape cavitys from the oil inlet hole of rear end cover (7) through annular groove; Eight fuel-displaced apertures that are positioned on the axle sleeve (5) of the other end (that end of promptly locating near front cover (1)) through the crescent shape cavity flow out the crescent shape cavitys again; Arrive the outer wall of axle sleeve (5), and then discharge from oil drainage hole after the total length of the radiating fin on the axle sleeve of flowing through (5) outer wall.Eight fuel-displaced apertures on the axle sleeve (5) when bearing is worked with the static pressure method of operation also as the back impedance of static pressure oil pocket.That is to say that when bearing need move with the hydrostatic bearing state, four crescent shape cavitys cooperated the back impedance of axial oil sealing surface and last eight the fuel-displaced apertures formation of axle sleeve (5) on front cover (1) and the rear end cover (7) can play the effect of static pressure oil pocket at once.Adjustment screw (3) is M6; Pitch is 1mm; The gradient of tapered wedges (6) is 1: 6; Even if the angle of last each rotation adjustment screw of meticulous when adjustment (3) is 1 °; During then each meticulous adjustment, the distortion of axle sleeve (5) on radius is of a size of
and this shows, the present invention can realize meticulous adjustment to the least radius gap between the bearing and the main shaft diameter of axle very like a cork.
Claims (4)
1. assembling type dynamic and hydrostatic bearing; It is characterized in that: dynamic and hydrostatic bearing is made up of a front cover, axle sleeve, rear end cover, several axle sleeve distortion driving mechanisms and several support bracket bolts etc.; Front cover, rear end cover and support bracket bolt constitute the skeleton of dynamic and hydrostatic bearing, and front cover cooperates the axle sleeve after the distortion also to play the effect of static pressure oil pocket with rear end cover; Several axle sleeve distortion driving mechanisms are along circumferentially being uniformly distributed with; Progressively adjust each axle sleeve distortion driving mechanism through staggered in turn mode; Force axle sleeve circumferentially and on its total length to be out of shape equably synchronously, thereby between axle sleeve and main shaft axle journal, form several crescent shape convergence shape dynamic pressure oil pockets along it.
2. assembling type dynamic and hydrostatic bearing according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the inwall of said axle sleeve is a perfect cylndrical surface before distortion, and its outer wall is provided with radiating fin and on total length, has the angled groove of several bottom surfaces and shaft axis vertically.
3. assembling type dynamic and hydrostatic bearing according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said axle sleeve distortion driving mechanism is made up of tapered wedges, adjustment screw and pressure spring; Rotation adjustment screw moves axially tapered wedges; Can make axle sleeve produce required resiliently deformable, pressure spring can help tapered wedges when making axle sleeve lax, to put in place more easily.
4. assembling type dynamic and hydrostatic bearing according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the inner oil circuit of dynamic and hydrostatic bearing is the end injection of pressure oil from the crescent shape oil pocket; The aperture that the other end through the crescent shape oil pocket is positioned on the axle sleeve flows out the outer wall that oil pocket arrives axle sleeve, discharges after the total length of the radiating fin on the axle sleeve outer wall of flowing through then.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201210076394 CN102562802B (en) | 2012-03-19 | 2012-03-19 | Assembly type dynamic and static pressure bearing with radiating fin and finely-adjustable clearance |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201210076394 CN102562802B (en) | 2012-03-19 | 2012-03-19 | Assembly type dynamic and static pressure bearing with radiating fin and finely-adjustable clearance |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102562802A true CN102562802A (en) | 2012-07-11 |
| CN102562802B CN102562802B (en) | 2013-12-25 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201210076394 Expired - Fee Related CN102562802B (en) | 2012-03-19 | 2012-03-19 | Assembly type dynamic and static pressure bearing with radiating fin and finely-adjustable clearance |
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| Country | Link |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108779801A (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2018-11-09 | 博格华纳公司 | Bearing and its manufacture and use process |
| CN113833764A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2021-12-24 | 江苏集萃精凯高端装备技术有限公司 | Hydrostatic bearing |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1321813A (en) * | 1969-05-14 | 1973-07-04 | Michell Bearings Ltd | Journal bearings |
| US3967866A (en) * | 1975-06-09 | 1976-07-06 | Sphero International Company | Anti-friction pressure seal |
| JPS55163316A (en) * | 1979-06-03 | 1980-12-19 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Sliding bearing for dynamic pressure |
| CN101275605A (en) * | 2008-05-09 | 2008-10-01 | 潘旭华 | Film thickness adjustable static pressure bearing and regulating method thereof |
| CN202012570U (en) * | 2011-03-11 | 2011-10-19 | 郭溪泉 | Oil film bearing of main shaft of wind driven generator |
| CN202147011U (en) * | 2011-04-27 | 2012-02-22 | 天津大学 | Compact dynamic-static pressure ceramic main axle device |
-
2012
- 2012-03-19 CN CN 201210076394 patent/CN102562802B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1321813A (en) * | 1969-05-14 | 1973-07-04 | Michell Bearings Ltd | Journal bearings |
| US3967866A (en) * | 1975-06-09 | 1976-07-06 | Sphero International Company | Anti-friction pressure seal |
| JPS55163316A (en) * | 1979-06-03 | 1980-12-19 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Sliding bearing for dynamic pressure |
| CN101275605A (en) * | 2008-05-09 | 2008-10-01 | 潘旭华 | Film thickness adjustable static pressure bearing and regulating method thereof |
| CN202012570U (en) * | 2011-03-11 | 2011-10-19 | 郭溪泉 | Oil film bearing of main shaft of wind driven generator |
| CN202147011U (en) * | 2011-04-27 | 2012-02-22 | 天津大学 | Compact dynamic-static pressure ceramic main axle device |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108779801A (en) * | 2016-02-02 | 2018-11-09 | 博格华纳公司 | Bearing and its manufacture and use process |
| US11098754B2 (en) | 2016-02-02 | 2021-08-24 | Borgwarner Inc. | Bearing and process of making and using the same |
| CN113833764A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2021-12-24 | 江苏集萃精凯高端装备技术有限公司 | Hydrostatic bearing |
| CN113833764B (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2024-02-06 | 江苏集萃精凯高端装备技术有限公司 | Hydrostatic bearing |
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| CN102562802B (en) | 2013-12-25 |
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Granted publication date: 20131225 Termination date: 20200319 |