CN102562441A - Vertical-axis wind turbine with counterweights - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a vertical-axis wind turbine with counterweights, which comprises blades, a vertical shaft, a power generator unit, the counterweights and clamp plates. The power generator unit comprises a power generator, a controller and an accumulator. The rotation inertia of the wind turbine is changed by the counterweights mounted on the blades, instant wind power which is high in speed and short in lasting is transferred to the rotation inertia of the blades, and the blades can rotate for a longer time after strong wind stops, so that operation time of the wind turbine is prolonged, the instant high-power is converted into the output power which is delayed and stable, the power generation efficiency of the wind turbine is improved greatly. Accordingly, the vertical-axis wind turbine with the counterweights is applicable to places with high instant wind speed, such as airports, train track sides, subway tunnels and the like.

Description

A vertical axis counterweight wind generator

technical field

The invention relates to a wind power generator, in particular to a vertical axis counterweight wind power generator.

Background technique

Most of the current wind turbines adopt a horizontal axis structure. The direction of the wind rotor is changed through the tail, so that the front of the wind rotor rotates against the wind. When the blades rotate, they generate relatively large aerodynamic noise, which has a serious impact on the environment. Large wind rotor blades obtain greater power, resulting in poor wind resistance of the wind rotor, which is easily damaged in strong winds and reduces the service life.

The vertical axis wind turbines currently on the market have the advantages of low noise, strong wind resistance, and can accept wind from any direction, but these vertical axis wind turbines have the disadvantage of low power generation efficiency, similar to subways and trains, Most of the wind caused by aircraft take-off and landing has the characteristics of fast speed and short duration. If this kind of vertical axis wind turbine is used, the wind energy cannot be fully converted into electrical energy. When the instantaneous high-speed wind comes, the moment of inertia of the general vertical-axis wind turbine is relatively small, and it will have a large speed in an instant, and the excessive instantaneous power generation voltage will easily cause the circuit and battery to burn out, and cannot fully turn the wind turbine. Abundant instantaneous high-speed wind resources in airports, train tracks, subway tunnels, etc. are utilized.

A generator structure is disclosed in the Chinese utility model patent document whose patent number is ZL 200720174908.X. The generator has several supports, and blades are respectively fixed on the supports, and counterweights for placing counterweights are provided on the blades. The main function of the counterweight is to adjust the weight distribution between the blades of the wind turbine, so as to achieve the balanced operation of the wind turbine without shaking; and the counterweight of the generator is set on the inner edge of the blade closer to the vertical axis. Such a structural arrangement makes the radius of rotation of the counterweight relatively small, and cannot maximize the moment of inertia generated by it.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, and provide a vertical axis counterweight wind generator with high power generation efficiency, maximized moment of inertia, avoiding excessive instantaneous power generation voltage, and suitable for use in occasions with high instantaneous wind speed .

The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a vertical axis counterweight wind generator, including blades, vertical shafts, and generator sets, is characterized in that: it also includes a counterweight for changing the moment of inertia of the wind generator; The counterweight is installed on the outer edge of the blade away from the vertical shaft by welding or bonding, so that the radius of rotation thereof reaches the maximum.

Preferably, counterweights with the same shape, size, number and weight are respectively installed on each blade.

Preferably, the counterweight is closely attached to the blade, and the shape of the counterweight is selected according to the shape of the blade, and coincides with the outline of the outer edge of the blade.

Preferably, the material of the counterweight is steel.

Preferably, the blades are arranged in two or more layers, splints are arranged between the blades of each layer, and the blades of adjacent layers are arranged in a crossing manner, and the blades are arc-shaped.

Preferably, there are protrusions on the arc-shaped edge of the blade, and there are grooves on the splint corresponding to the number, shape and size of the protrusions on the arc-shaped blade, and the blades are connected by the protrusions and the grooves Then fixed on the splint.

Preferably, each layer has three blades, and the three blades are distributed at an angle of 120°.

Preferably, the material of the blade is made of aluminum alloy or resin material.

Preferably, the generator set includes a generator, a controller and a battery, and the generator is connected to the battery through the controller.

Main principle of the present invention:

(1) The moment of inertia J of the wind turbine:

J＝∑J _i (i＝1, 2, 3)

Among them, J ₁ represents the moment of inertia of the counterweight; J ₂ represents the moment of inertia of the blade; J ₃ represents the sum of the moment of inertia of other objects on the wind turbine except the counterweight and blades.

The moment of inertia J ₁ of the counterweight:

J ₁ ＝m ₁ r ₁ ²

Among them, m ₁ is the mass of the counterweight; r ₁ is the vertical distance between the counterweight and the vertical axis, that is, the radius of rotation of the counterweight.

From the above relational expression of J and J ₁ , it can be seen that when the rotational radius r ₁ of the counterweight is constant, the mass m ₁ of the counterweight is increased to increase the moment of inertia J ₁ of the counterweight, so that the moment of inertia of the wind turbine can be increased J increases.

(2) The moment of inertia J of the wind turbine:

J＝∑m _z r _z ² (z＝1,2,3...)

m _z is the mass of the object that generates the moment of inertia on the wind turbine; r _z is the vertical distance between the object that generates the moment of inertia on the wind turbine and the vertical axis, that is, the radius of rotation of the object.

The kinetic energy T of the wind turbine:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; z</span>}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; z</span>}}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; z</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1,2,3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; z</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; z</span>}}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}$

where _vz is the rotational velocity of the object on the wind turbine generating the moment of inertia; ω is the angular velocity of the wind turbine.

The kinetic energy T of the wind turbine can be obtained from the above relationship:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; z</span>}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; z</span>}}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; z</span>}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; z</span>}}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; J</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; z</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1,2,3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

It can be seen from the above relational expression of T that increasing the moment of inertia J of the wind generator can increase the kinetic energy of the wind generator accordingly.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and effects: (1) The present invention changes the moment of inertia of the wind generator by installing counterweights on the blades, and transfers the energy of the instantaneous wind force with fast speed and short duration to the wind power generator. The moment of inertia of the generator; the counterweight is installed on the outer edge of the blade away from the vertical shaft to maximize the radius of rotation, thereby maximizing the moment of inertia; by increasing the mass of the counterweight to increase the inertia and moment of inertia of the wind turbine, Make the blades continue to rotate for a long time after the strong wind stops, prolong the working time of the wind turbine, convert the instantaneous high power into delayed and stable output power; the increase of the moment of inertia of the wind turbine makes its kinetic energy corresponding The increase of the wind turbine improves the power generation efficiency of the wind turbine; at the same time, adding the counterweight can reduce the instantaneous speed of the wind turbine when the high-speed wind comes, avoiding the circuit and battery burnout due to the excessive instantaneous power generation voltage, and fully utilizing the wind turbine. The instantaneous high-speed wind brought by subways and trains, aircraft take-off and landing, etc. (2) The shape, size, number, and weight of the counterweight on each blade of the wind-driven generator of the present invention are all equal, so that the wind-driven generator can still maintain a balanced state after adding the counterweight. (3) The present invention selects a counterweight of a corresponding shape according to the shape of the blades of the wind power generator used, so that the weight and the blades are closely attached to each other, thereby reducing the air resistance of the wind power generator.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a vertical axis counterweight wind power generator according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the blades on a vertical axis counterweight wind generator before bending according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the blades on a vertical-axis counterweight wind generator according to the present invention after bending.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an upper splint of a vertical-axis counterweight wind-driven generator according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the upper counterweight and power generation efficiency of a vertical-axis counterweight wind power generator according to the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

Example

As shown in Figure 1, this embodiment is to add a counterweight to an S-type double-layer vertical axis wind turbine. A vertical axis counterweight wind turbine in this embodiment includes a blade 1, a splint 2, and a vertical shaft 4 , counterweight 5, generator set. Wherein the generator set includes a generator 3, a controller, and a storage battery, and the generator 3 is connected with the storage battery through the controller; wherein the counterweight 5 is installed on the outer edge of each blade 1 away from the vertical shaft by gluing, so that the radius of rotation of the counterweight Reach the maximum; use the counterweight to change the moment of inertia of the wind turbine, and transfer the energy of the instantaneous wind force with fast speed and short duration to the moment of inertia of the wind turbine; In equilibrium state, the shape, size, number and weight of the counterweights installed on each blade are the same. The material of the counterweight used in this embodiment is steel, and the material of the blades is resin.

Wherein the vertical shaft 4 is used to fix the positions of the splint 2 and the generator 3, and constitutes a rotating mechanism; the blade 1 converts wind energy into a rotating action between the stator and the rotor of the generator 3 through the rotating mechanism; the generator 3 connects the stator and the rotor The rotational kinetic energy of the wind turbine is converted into electrical energy, thereby realizing the purpose of converting wind energy into electrical energy.

As shown in Figure 2, the blade 1 on the wind power generator of this embodiment is rectangular before bending, and there are several bumps 6 on the edge of the rectangular blade 1, as shown in Figure 3, the rectangular blade 1 is bent into an arc shape , after the blade is bent, the bump 6 is on the arc-shaped edge of the blade 1 .

As shown in Figure 4, it is a schematic diagram of the splint on the wind-driven generator of the present embodiment. There are grooves 7 corresponding to the number, shape and size of the protrusions 6 on the arc-shaped blade 1 on the splint 2, and the grooves 7 on the splint are connected. The trajectory of corresponds to the arc of the blade 1. The arc-shaped blade 1 is fixed on the splint 2 after being connected with the protrusion 6 and the groove 7 .

In this embodiment, the shape of the edge of the blade on the wind generator away from the vertical shaft is rectangular, so the shape of the selected counterweight is rectangular, and the length and width of the counterweight correspond to the edge of the blade so that it can be closely attached to the blade.

Main principle of the present invention:

(1) The moment of inertia J of the wind turbine:

J＝∑J _i (i＝1, 2, 3)

Among them, J ₁ represents the moment of inertia of the counterweight; J ₂ represents the moment of inertia of the blade; J ₃ represents the sum of the moment of inertia of other objects on the wind turbine except the counterweight and blades.

The moment of inertia J ₁ of the counterweight:

J ₁ ＝m ₁ r ₁ ²

Among them, m ₁ is the quality of the counterweight; r ₁ is the vertical distance between the counterweight and the vertical axis, that is, the radius of rotation of the counterweight.

From the relationship between J and J ₁ above, it can be known that when the rotational radius r ₁ of the counterweight is constant, increasing the mass m ₁ of the counterweight increases the moment of inertia J ₁ of the counterweight and the moment of inertia J of the wind turbine, and at the same time the wind force The inertia of the generator is also increased, so that the blades can continue to rotate for a long time after the strong wind stops, prolonging the working time of the wind turbine, and converting the instantaneous high power into delayed and stable output power; after adding the counterweight It can reduce the instantaneous speed of the wind generator when the high-speed wind comes, so as to avoid the burning of the circuit and battery due to the excessive instantaneous power generation voltage.

(2) The moment of inertia J of the wind turbine:

J＝∑m _z r _z ² (z＝1,2,3...)

Among them, m _z is the mass of the object that generates the moment of inertia on the wind turbine; r _z is the vertical distance between the object that generates the moment of inertia on the wind turbine and the vertical axis, which is the radius of rotation of the object that generates the moment of inertia on the wind turbine.

The kinetic energy T of the wind turbine:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; z</span>}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; z</span>}}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; z</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1,2,3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; z</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; z</span>}}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}$

where _vz is the rotational velocity of the object on the wind turbine generating the moment of inertia; ω is the angular velocity of the wind turbine.

The kinetic energy T of the wind turbine can be obtained from the above relationship:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; T</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="z\; r\; z"\; filenames="HDA0000133468810000022.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">z</figure-callout></span><figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="z\; r\; z"\; filenames="HDA0000133468810000022.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\; </figure-callout>}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}_{}}^{}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; z</span>}}_{}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; m</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="z\; r\; z"\; filenames="HDA0000133468810000022.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">z</figure-callout></span><figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="z\; r\; z"\; filenames="HDA0000133468810000022.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">\; </figure-callout>}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; r</span>}}_{}}^{}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; z</span>}}_{}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; J</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&omega;</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; z</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1,2,3</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

From the above relational expression of T, it can be seen that increasing the moment of inertia J of the wind turbine increases the kinetic energy of the wind turbine accordingly, improves the power generation efficiency of the wind turbine, and makes full use of the driving force of subways and trains, and aircraft take-off and landing. The incoming instantaneous high-speed wind.

As shown in Figure 5, the horizontal axis is the quality of the counterweight, and the vertical axis is the power generation efficiency of the wind turbine. The influence of the counterweight on the power generation efficiency of the wind turbine is very significant. The power generation efficiency is 36.3% when no counterweight is added; add 130g The power generation efficiency is 36.9% when the counterweight is the same; the power generation efficiency is 37.4% when the counterweight is 380g.

The above-mentioned embodiment is a preferred implementation mode of the present invention, but the implementation mode of the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiment. If the counterweight is added to other types of vertical axis wind turbines, the power generation efficiency can also be improved. The counterweight In addition to steel materials, other materials such as copper materials can also be used. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be equivalent replacement methods. All are included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a vertical shaft counterweight wind-driven generator comprises blade, vertical shaft, generator set, it is characterized in that: also comprise counterweight, be used for changing the rotary inertia of wind-driven generator; Said counterweight is installed in the outer ledge of said blade away from vertical shaft through welding or bonding mode, makes its radius of gyration reach maximum.

2. a kind of vertical shaft counterweight wind-driven generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: each is opened on the blade and is separately installed with all identical counterweight of shape, size, number, weight.

3. a kind of vertical shaft counterweight wind-driven generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said counterweight and blade closely paste mutually, and wherein the shape of counterweight elects according to the shape of blade, match with the profile line of blade outer rim.

4. according to any one described a kind of vertical shaft counterweight wind-driven generator in the claim 1～3, it is characterized in that: the material of said counterweight is steel.

5. a kind of vertical shaft counterweight wind-driven generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said blade is that bilayer or multilayer are arranged, and is provided with clamping plate between each layer blade, and the blade of adjacent layer is intersection and distributes, and blade is a circular arc.

6. a kind of vertical shaft counterweight wind-driven generator according to claim 5; It is characterized in that: on the radiused edges of said blade projection is arranged; Number, shape, big or small corresponding groove with the circular arc vane upper protruding block are arranged on the said clamping plate, be fixed on the clamping plate after blade pass is crossed projection and groove is connected.

7. a kind of vertical shaft counterweight wind-driven generator according to claim 5 is characterized in that: each layer respectively has the threeleaf loosestrife herb sheet, is 120 ° of angles between the threeleaf loosestrife herb sheet and distributes.

8. according to any one described a kind of vertical shaft counterweight wind-driven generator in the claim 5～7, it is characterized in that: said blade material adopts aluminum alloy or resin material to process.

9. a kind of vertical shaft counterweight wind-driven generator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said generator set comprises generator, controller and storage battery, generator is connected with storage battery through controller.

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