CN102562294A

CN102562294A - Eight-stroke engine

Info

Publication number: CN102562294A
Application number: CN2012100166671A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马可超
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2012-01-19
Filing date: 2012-01-19
Publication date: 2012-07-11
Anticipated expiration: 2032-01-19
Also published as: CN102562294B; WO2013107249A1

Abstract

The invention relates to an eight-stroke engine which consists of a primary air cylinder four-stroke system and a secondary air cylinder four-stroke system. The eight-stroke engine comprises primary and secondary crank shafts (1 and 2), connecting rods (3 and 4), pistons (7 and 8), an assembly of primary and secondary air cylinders (11 and 12), an air suction door (21), air exhaust doors (22 and 26), an assembly of a communication air door (24) and an air breathing door (25), a cooling system and a lubrication system, wherein only the primary air cylinders (11) are provided with ignition and fuel supply assemblies, each primary air cylinder (11) and a corresponding secondary air cylinder (12) are connected and communicated with each other through a communication air passage (23) and form a group, the communication air passage (23) is opened/closed by the communication air door (24) and an electric valve (27) according to set working procedures, and the primary air cylinders (11) and the pistons (7 and 8) in corresponding secondary air cylinders (12) are respectively connected with the primary crank shaft (1) and the secondary crank shaft (2) through the connecting rods (3 and 4). According to the eight-stroke engine, the power and the efficiency of the engine are maximized.

Description

Eight-stroke engine

Technical field

The present invention relates to the method and apparatus of removable power and generation driving force, especially the method for work of internal-combustion engine and equipment.

Background technique

The history in existing 100 years of the motor of Carnot's cycle, its working principle: air-breathing, compression, blast, exhaust.Along with the also constantly raising of performance of development of science and technology motor,, but fail to make the thermal efficiency of motor to surpass 30% like technology such as increase valve, turbosupercharging, EFI, in-cylinder direct injections.Under the background of global oil, environmental crisis, the thermal efficiency of raising motor and environment protection emission have important and profound significance to the development of society.

CN200810007618 has proposed a kind of eight-stroke engine, and this motor has the working cylinder through work by combustion, is called combustion cylinders; Working cylinder with through the water vapor expansion acting is called the steam cylinder; Combustion cylinders links to each other through air flue with the steam cylinder, on the steam cylinder, water jetting apparatus is arranged; In combustion cylinders; After air experience " air inlet-compression-burning expansion acting-exhaust " four strokes; The high-temperature fuel gas that is produced gets in the steam cylinder through air flue, again experience " advancing High Temperature Gas-compression water spray-steam expansion acting-exhaust " four strokes, eight strokes altogether.Said air flue is the pressure stabilizing cavity structure.Above-mentioned eight-stroke engine utilizes exhaust heat-energy to be converted into steam, in fact efficient is very limited for conversion process again, and gained also may not be that institute works as, above scheme do not see get into practical.

In general, why the thermal efficiency of existing piston formula four stroke engine is no more than 30%, is because its explosion energy is not fully utilized, and also can't make full use of and caused, and also falls far short apart from theoretical efficient.This index of the compression ratio of motor has determined the unnecessary energy of blast working stroke must get into next working procedure exhaust, also has most useful power not to be utilized, with regard to having drained in vain.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is: propose a kind of explosive motor that makes full use of two (one or three) bent axles of eight strokes two (one or three) row cylinder of heat energy; The setting method that the present invention proposes will make full use of most useful poweies exactly with device, makes the power of motor, efficient realize maximization and energy-conserving and environment-protective.

Technological scheme of the present invention is; The setting method of eight-stroke engine is all set up corresponding with it countercylinder to every cylinder of four stroke engine, and master cylinder is laterally parallel with countercylinder; Corresponding master cylinder 11 forms to interconnect through UNICOM's air flue 23 with countercylinder 12 and is referred to as one group; Master cylinder 11 is opened high temperature, high pressure, expanding gas that UNICOM's valve 24 makes master cylinder 11 burnings when the blast acting, through UNICOM's air flue 23 moments importing countercylinder 12; The exhaust valve 26 of countercylinder 12 cuts out with breathing valve 25, piston 7, the 8 motion actings in two

cylinders

11,12 of one group in abundant burning, two cylinders of expansion driven major-minor 11,12.

The improvement of eight-stroke engine setting method is; Every cylinder of four stroke engine is all set up corresponding with it countercylinder and whole system device; Master cylinder (forming a line) is horizontal parallel position with countercylinder (forming a line), and the piston 8 of countercylinder passes to main crankshaft 1 through connecting rod 4, secondary crankshaft 2 and synchronizer 28, makes main crankshaft 1 obtain the power-assisted of secondary crankshaft 2; Two

bent axles

1,2 rotate simultaneously and form makes a concerted effort; By main crankshaft 1 output, that is to say the air-breathing and oil inlet quantity with once, this link of blast working stroke that secondary cylinder system is equivalent to prolong motor through the present invention set up.Two

cylinders

11,12 of adding one group of cylinder carry out exhaust simultaneously; The negative work phenomenon of exhaust has obtained effective improvement; Therefore most useful poweies has obtained sufficient utilization; Make power, the efficient of motor realize maximization, the discharge amount of tail gas reduces to some extent, and discharge quality increases.

Eight-stroke engine; Form by the four-stroke system of master cylinder and the four-stroke system of the countercylinder of correspondence, comprise

bent axle

1,2, connecting

rod

3,4; Piston 7,8 and

cylinder

11,12 assemblies; Air-breathing door 21,

exhaust valve

22,26, UNICOM's valve 24 is combined into the complete eight-stroke engine machine system of a cover with breathing valve 25 assemblies and cooling system and lubricating system etc.Have only master cylinder 11 to be provided with igniting and confession fuel assembly, each master cylinder 11 forms to interconnect through UNICOM's air flue 23 with corresponding countercylinder 12 and is referred to as one group, and UNICOM's air flue 23 is provided with UNICOM's valve 24 and opens and closes by the working procedure of setting with mortor operated valve 27.Master cylinder 11 is connected with secondary crankshaft 2 with main crankshaft 1 respectively through connecting

rod

3,4 with corresponding countercylinder 12

interior pistons

7,8; Be provided with synchronizer 28 between two

bent axle

1,2 one or both ends; Engagement through synchronizer 28 makes 1,2 whiles of two bent axles, speed, rotation in the same way together; Two

pistons

7,8 in when acting blast one group of cylinder make two

bent axles

1,2 produce rotation simultaneously and form through connecting

rod

3,4 and make a concerted effort, and carry out power by bent axle 1 and export.The master cylinder system is with air-breathing, compression, blast, exhaust stroke work; The countercylinder system presses: air-breathing, exhaust, blast, exhaust stroke work.

Master cylinder 11 is in air-breathing, when compression, and UNICOM's valve 24 is closed, and the breathing valve 25 of countercylinder 12 is opened, and countercylinder 12 is done self-priming from row, no load movement.

Master cylinder 11 is when the blast acting; UNICOM's valve 24 is opened; The high temperature, high pressure, the expanding gas that form in the master cylinder 11; Through UNICOM's air flue 23 moments importing countercylinder 12, countercylinder 12 exhaust valves 26 cut out with breathing valve 25, make energy obtain sufficient release and promote two cylinders, 11,12

interior pistons

7,8 simultaneously to move downward.

Master cylinder 11 is when exhaust, and UNICOM's valve 24 is closed, and the breathing valve 25 of countercylinder 12 is closed, and the exhaust valve 26 of countercylinder 12 is opened.Because two

cylinders

11,12 that are a group carry out exhaust simultaneously, have significantly reduced the merit because of the exhaust loss.

UNICOM's valve 24 can be opened when the blast acting correct time, and the 1-5ms that more can lag behind opens.Main crankshaft 1 can turn round with angle with secondary crankshaft 2 simultaneously, also can form 0-an angle of 90 degrees and rotate simultaneously.Arranged between the time of opening of UNICOM's valve 24 and the angle of swing of secondary crankshaft 2 a best match time.

Working state and the function of each valve in air-breathing, compression, blast, exhaust process:

Breathing process: two pistons simultaneously by top dead center when lower dead center is moved, air-breathing door 21 is opened and is carried out air-breathing and oil-feed,

exhaust valve

22,26, UNICOM's valve 24 are closed, and breathe valve 25 and open.

Compression process: two pistons simultaneously by lower dead center when top dead center moves, air-breathing door 21,

exhaust valve

22,26, UNICOM's valve 24 are closed, and breathe valve 25 and open.

The igniting blast process: two pistons simultaneously by top dead center when lower dead center is moved, UNICOM's valve 24 is opened, air-breathing door 21,

exhaust valve

22,26 are breathed valve 25 and are closed.

Exhaust process: two pistons simultaneously by lower dead center when top dead center moves,

exhaust valve

22,26 is opened, air-breathing door 21, UNICOM's valve 24 are breathed valve 25 and are closed.

UNICOM's valve: UNICOM's valve 24 is located on UNICOM's air flue 23; When the blast acting, open; High temperature in the master cylinder 11, high pressure, expanding gas are passed through UNICOM's air flue 23; Fully burning, expansion in two

cylinders

11,12 of one group, and fully release makes the

piston

7,8 in two cylinders produce motion simultaneously.Master cylinder is in closed condition at air-breathing, compression, these three process UNICOM valves 24 of exhaust.UNICOM's valve 24 opens and closes and can adopt machinery type (camshaft) or mortor operated valve to control.

Breathe valve: master cylinder 11 is in air-breathing, compression process, and the breathing valve 25 of countercylinder 12 is opened, and purpose is that self-priming is moving from the emptying carrying up and down for the piston 8 that makes countercylinder 12 is done in this process, does not increase load, not the power of consumption of engine.Master cylinder 11 is in blast, exhaust process, and the breathing valve 25 of countercylinder 12 is in closed condition.Breathing valve 25 self-primings is to have independently that air filtration system filters from arranging required air.

Mortor operated valve: mortor operated valve 27 is located on UNICOM's air flue 23; Whether the switching decision countercylinder 12 through mortor operated valve 27 participates in the acting of master cylinder 11; General motor mortor operated valve 27 when starting is in closed condition; Open mortor operated valve 27 after master cylinder 11 operations normally in motor, countercylinder 12 is participated in acting.The switching time of mortor operated valve is to carry out intelligent control through sensor or time delay device.

Synchronizer: synchronizer 28 is a gear structure, is located between the one or both ends of major and

minor bent axle

1,2, makes 1,2 whiles of two bent axles, speed, rotation in the same way together through synchronizer 28 gear meshing.

Eight-stroke engine is owing to adopt the double cylinder of hyperbolic axle system; Two

pistons

7,8 do work simultaneously; Two

bent axles

1,2 rotate simultaneously, and secondary crankshaft 2 is ceaselessly made a concerted effort to main crankshaft 1 power-assisted and formation, make motor move the power output of coherent, steady, smooth and easy more and acquisition low rotation speed large torque.

The working forms of eight-stroke engine be Spark ignition type or compression-ignited be petrol engine or diesel engine; Eight-stroke engine is made up of the four-stroke system of master cylinder and the four-stroke system of the countercylinder of correspondence, also comprises following two kinds of structures:

(1) bent axle, single cylinder or double cylinder: master cylinder system and countercylinder system all are located at a bent axle, and the piston of each master cylinder and countercylinder is connected with corresponding crank throw through connecting rod.Be equipped with UNICOM's air flue assembly between each master cylinder and the countercylinder, the mode that master cylinder and countercylinder are arranged has: I type or V-type;

(2) three bent axles, three row's cylinders: wherein main crankshaft is placed in the middle, and two secondary crankshafts are located at the both sides of main crankshaft respectively, becomes parallel position, is equipped with synchronizer between main crankshaft and the secondary crankshaft one or both ends, is exported by main crankshaft power; Piston in one row master cylinder and the two row countercylinders is through connecting rod and mutual corresponding connection of the major-minor bent axle of arrangement separately; Be equipped with UNICOM's air flue assembly between each master cylinder and the countercylinder, the mode that master cylinder and countercylinder are arranged has: III type or W type.

In sum; The secondary cylinder system that eight-stroke engine is set up only plays a role in master cylinder blast acting process; Be equivalent to prolong this link of engine explosions working stroke, be in the state of no load movement in other three processes (air-breathing, compression, exhaust) fully.This shows that the countercylinder systemic-function has played only increases engine power in the eight-stroke engine machine system, and self effect of consumed power hardly, thereby make the power of motor realize maximization.

Beneficial effect of the present invention: eight-stroke engine performs to ultimate attainment by energy and has realized sufficient utilization; Not only played the effect that increases power, efficient and energy-conserving and environment-protective discharging; And make engine running more steady, and lower, the longer service life of noise, travelling comfort is better.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1: bent axle of the present invention is arranged schematic representation.

Fig. 2: inblock cylinder of the present invention is listed intention.

Fig. 3: eight-stroke engine sectional drawing.

Fig. 4: UNICOM's air flue assembly sectional drawing.

Fig. 5: the phase diagram of each valve of motor breathing process.

Fig. 6: the phase diagram of each valve of engine compresses process.

Fig. 7: the phase diagram of each valve of engine explosions acting process.

Fig. 8: the phase diagram of each valve of engine exhaust process.

Fig. 9: synchronizer schematic representation.

Figure 10: breathe the valve cam schematic representation.

Embodiment

As shown in the figure, the device of eight-stroke engine: by main crankshaft 1, secondary crankshaft 2, connecting

rod

3,4,

wrist pin

5,6; Piston 7,8,

piston ring

9,10,

master cylinder

11,13,15,17,

countercylinder

12,14,16,18, oil nozzle 19; Spark plug 20, air-breathing door 21,

exhaust valve

22,26, UNICOM's air flue 23, UNICOM's valve 24; Breathe valve 25, mortor operated valve (solenoid valve) 27, synchronizer 28 is breathed valve camshaft 29, valve bridge 30.

Be provided with two

duplicate bent axle

1,2 parallel placements in the crankcase, bent axle 1 is for main crankshaft and be provided with output terminal, and bent axle 2 is a secondary crankshaft, makes two bent axles whiles, speed, rotation in the same way together by synchronizer 28.

Master cylinder one

row

11,13,15,17 countercylinders one

row

12,14,16,18 successively by sequence number linearly, be laterally and be arranged in parallel.Piston 7,8 is through connecting

rod

3,4 and 1, the 2 mutual corresponding connections of two bent axles, and master cylinder 11 forms to interconnect through UNICOM's air flue 23 with corresponding countercylinder 12 and is referred to as one group, and other cylinder block by that analogy.The spread pattern of master cylinder and countercylinder is: II type or V-type.

Cylinder head is provided with air-breathing door 21,

exhaust valve

22,26, UNICOM's air flue 23, UNICOM's valve 24, breathes valve 25, spark plug 20, oil nozzle 19 and with the corresponding overhead camshaft of each valve or tappet/rocking arm, lubrication system and intake duct, air outlet flue, back oil road etc.

There is electromagnetism UNICOM air flue 23 to be located at any one position (cylinder head) in each master cylinder and the above space of countercylinder piston top dead center, major and minor cylinder formation is interconnected.

UNICOM's air flue 23 is provided with UNICOM's valve 24 and forms UNICOM's air flue assembly with mortor operated valve 27, and UNICOM's valve 24 opens and closes by the working procedure of setting with mortor operated valve 27 separately.

The cylinder head of every group of cylinder is equipped with five valves and five overhead camshafts or tappet/rocking arm, and each valve group opens and closes according to the working procedure of eight-stroke engine.

Synchronizer 28 is a gear structure, is located between the one or both ends of major and

minor bent axle

1,2, makes two bent axles whiles, speed, rotation in the same way together through synchronizer 28 gear meshing.

Synchronous or the hysteresis 1-5ms of time that UNICOM's valve 24 is opened and master cylinder burst period, the shut-in time and the period of exhaust of UNICOM's valve 24 are synchronous.The switching of UNICOM's valve 24 is controlled by UNICOM's valve camshaft.

Main crankshaft 1 can turn round with angle with secondary crankshaft 2 simultaneously, and main crankshaft 1 also can form 0-an angle of 90 degrees with secondary crankshaft 2 and rotate simultaneously.Arranged between the time of opening of UNICOM's valve 24 and the angle of swing of secondary crankshaft 2 a best match time.

Breathe valve 25: master cylinder 11 is in air-breathing, compression process, and the breathing valve 25 of countercylinder 12 is open modes; Master cylinder 11 is in blast, exhaust process, and the breathing valve 25 of countercylinder 12 is closed conditions, according to the movement locus of breathing valve 25, it is characterized in that the fan-shaped camshaft shape of 180 ± 20 degree, breathes the switching of valve 25 and is controlled by camshaft 29.

Involved in the present invention to the volume of secondary cylinder be 10-200% of master cylinder.

What accompanying drawing was described is working principle and embodiment's schematic representation of eight-stroke engine, in the middle of practice according to the present invention the method for eight-stroke engine, with any form layout, do not exceed category of the present invention.

Claims

1. eight-stroke engine is characterized in that being made up of the four-stroke system of master cylinder and the four-stroke system of the countercylinder of correspondence; Comprise major-minor bent axle (1,2), connecting rod (3,4), piston (7,8) and major-minor cylinder (11,12) assembly, air-breathing door (21), exhaust valve (22,26), UNICOM's valve (24) and breathing valve (25) assembly and cooling system and lubricating system; Have only master cylinder (11) to be provided with igniting and confession fuel assembly; Each master cylinder (11) forms to interconnect through UNICOM's air flue (23) with corresponding countercylinder (12) and is referred to as one group, and UNICOM's air flue (23) is gone up by UNICOM's valve (24) and mortor operated valve (27) and opened and closed by the working procedure of setting; Master cylinder (11) is connected with secondary crankshaft (2) with main crankshaft (1) respectively through connecting rod (3,4) with the interior piston (7,8) of corresponding countercylinder (12); Be provided with synchronizer (28) between two bent axles (1,2); Engagement through synchronizer (28) make two bent axles (1,2) simultaneously, with speed, rotation in the same way; Two pistons (7,8) in when acting blast one group of cylinder; Making two bent axles (1,2) produce rotation simultaneously and form through connecting rod (3,4) makes a concerted effort, carries out power output by main crankshaft (1); The master cylinder system is with air-breathing, compression, blast, exhaust stroke work; The countercylinder system presses: air-breathing, exhaust, blast, exhaust stroke work;

Master cylinder (11) is in air-breathing, when compression, and UNICOM's valve (24) is closed, and the breathing valve (25) of countercylinder (12) is opened, and countercylinder (12) is done self-priming from row, no load movement; Master cylinder (11) is when the blast acting; UNICOM's valve (24) is opened; The high temperature, high pressure, the expanding gas that form in the master cylinder (11), through UNICOM's air flue (23) moment importing countercylinder (12), the exhaust valve (26) of countercylinder (12) and breathing valve (25) are closed; Master cylinder (11) is when exhaust, and UNICOM's valve (24) is closed, the breathing valve-closing of countercylinder, and the exhaust valve (26) of countercylinder (12) is opened.

2. eight-stroke engine is characterized in that the working forms of eight-stroke engine is: Spark ignition type and compression-ignited be petrol engine and diesel engine; Eight-stroke engine is made up of the four-stroke system of master cylinder and the four-stroke system of the countercylinder of correspondence, comprises following two kinds of structures:

(1) bent axle, single cylinder or double cylinder: master cylinder system and countercylinder system all are located at a bent axle, and the piston of each master cylinder and countercylinder is connected with corresponding crank throw through connecting rod;

Be equipped with UNICOM's air flue assembly between each master cylinder and the countercylinder, the mode that master cylinder and countercylinder are arranged has: I type or V-type;

3. eight-stroke engine according to claim 1; It is characterized in that synchronizer (28) is a gear structure; Be located between the one or both ends of major-minor bent axle (1,2), the gear meshing through synchronizer (28) make two bent axles (1,2) simultaneously, with speed, rotation in the same way.

4. eight-stroke engine according to claim 1 is characterized in that UNICOM's air flue (23) is located at any one position (cylinder head) in each master cylinder and the above space of countercylinder piston top dead center, major and minor cylinder is formed interconnect;

UNICOM's air flue (23) is provided with mortor operated valve (27) and UNICOM's valve (24) constitutes UNICOM's air flue assembly.

5. eight-stroke engine according to claim 1 and 2; The burst period that it is characterized in that time that UNICOM's valve (24) is opened and master cylinder (11) synchronously or hysteresis 1-5ms, the period of exhaust of UNICOM's valve (24) shut-in time and master cylinder (11) is synchronous.

6. eight-stroke engine according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that main crankshaft and secondary crankshaft turn round with angle simultaneously, main crankshaft and secondary crankshaft or form 0-an angle of 90 degrees and rotate simultaneously.

7. eight-stroke engine according to claim 1 and 2, the cam (29) that it is characterized in that controlling the camshaft of breathing the valve switching is shaped as the fan-shaped of 180 ± 20 degree;

Breathe the switching time of valve (25): master cylinder (11) is opened at breathing valve (25) air-breathing, countercylinder when compressing, and the breathing valve (25) of master cylinder (11) countercylinder when blast, exhaust is closed.

8. eight-stroke engine according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the countercylinder volume is 10-200% of a master cylinder volume.

9. eight-stroke engine according to claim 1; The multi-cylinder unit that it is characterized in that the double cylinder of hyperbolic axle; Master cylinder one row are horizontal parallel position with countercylinder one row; Be equipped with UNICOM's air flue (23) between each master cylinder (11) and the countercylinder (12), the one or both ends of main crankshaft (1) and secondary crankshaft (2) are equipped with synchronizer (28), and the arrangement mode of master cylinder and countercylinder has: II type or V-type.

10. the setting method of eight-stroke engine; It is characterized in that every cylinder of four stroke engine is all set up corresponding with it countercylinder; Master cylinder is laterally parallel with countercylinder; Corresponding master cylinder (11) and countercylinder (12) form to interconnect through UNICOM's air flue (23) and are referred to as one group; Master cylinder (11) is when the blast acting; Open high temperature that UNICOM's valve (24) makes master cylinder (11) burning, high pressure, expanding gas and import countercylinder (12) through UNICOM's air flue (23) moment, the exhaust valve (26) of countercylinder (12) with breathe valve (25) and close, fully burning in a group is advocated peace secondary two cylinders (11,12), expand and fully discharge the piston (7,8) that makes in two cylinders of major-minor (11,12) and move and do work.