CN102559697A - 一种高分子量麦谷蛋白基因及用途 - Google Patents
一种高分子量麦谷蛋白基因及用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于分子生物学技术领域,涉及一种高分子量麦谷蛋白基因的DNA分子及其应用。本发明高分子量麦谷蛋白基因的DNA分子核苷酸序列是序列表中序列1的DNA分子;或核苷酸序列是序列表中序列2的DNA分子;或核苷酸序列是能与序列表中序列1或序列2杂交的DNA分子。本发明的高分子量麦谷蛋白基因的DNA分子在培育转基因植物中具有广泛的用途。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于分子生物学技术领域,涉及一种高分子量麦谷蛋白基因的DNA分子及其应用。
背景技术
小麦种子储藏蛋白主要由麦醇溶蛋白(Gliadin)和麦谷蛋白(Glutenin)组成,麦谷蛋白又分为高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS)和低分子量麦谷蛋白亚基(LMW-GS),亚基间通过二硫键结合形成大的谷蛋白聚合体,赋予面团独特的粘弹性和延展性[Payne PI,Law CN,Mudd EE.Control by homologous group 1 chromosomes of the high-molecular-weight subunits ofglutenin,a major protein of wheat endosperm.Theor Appl Genet,1980,58:113-120;Wrigley C W.Giant proteins with flour power.Nature,1996,381:738-739;GianibelliM C,Larroque O R,MacRitchie F.Biochemical,genetic,molecular characterizationof wheat glutenin and its component subunits.Cereal Chem,2001,78:635-646],可以加工成面包、面条和糕点等多种食品。高分子量麦谷蛋白基因位点Glu-1位于小麦第1同源群染色体长臂,在A、B、D组染色体上含有相应的Glu-A1、Glu-B1和Glu-D1同源基因复合位点,每个Glu-1位点又包含分别编码x-和y-型高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基的2个紧密连锁的基因[Payne P I,Holt L M,Law C N.Structural and genetical studies on the weightsubunits of wheat glutenin.Theor Appl Genet,1981,60:229-236;Shewry P R,HalfordN G and Tatham A S.The high-molecular-weight subunits of wheat glutenin.Journalof Cereal Science,1992,15(2):105-120]。
HMW-GS有多种等位变异类型,其组成和数量与小麦面粉品质性状密切相关[Payne P I,Genetics of wheat storage proteins and the effect of allelic variation on bread makingquality.Ann Rev Plant Physiol,1987,38:141-153],Payne(1982)首先建立了HMW-GS对面筋品质贡献的评分系统,Glu-A1位点的1和2*亚基,Glu-B1位点的7+8、17+18和Bx70E+8亚基,Glu-D1位点的5+10亚基均是对面粉品质有明显正向效应的优质亚基[Payne PI,Lawrence G J.Catalogue of alleles for complex gene loci Glu-A1,Glu-B1 and Glu-D1which code for high molecular weight subunits of glutenin in hexaploid wheat.CerealRes Commun,1983,11(1):29-35]。采用图位克隆方法,迄今已分离了来自普通小麦的Ax1、Bx7、Dx5、By8和By12等HMW-GS等位基因。HMW-GS含有结构保守的N端和C端,以及由三种重复的短肽(PGQGQQ,GYYPTSPQQ,GQQ)组成的重复区域。HMW-GS等位基因在整体结构上十分相似,根据其N端和C端保守序列设计引物,各国学者又先后从粗山羊草、中间燕麦草、长穗偃麦草等小麦近缘物种中克隆到多个同源的高分子量麦谷蛋白基因[Wan Y,Wang D,Shewry PR,Halford NG.Isolation and characterization of five novel high molecular weightsubunit genes from Triticum timopheevi and Aegilops cylindrica.Theor Appl Genet,2002,104:828-839],成为小麦品质改良的重要基因资源。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种新的高分子量麦谷蛋白基因及其应用。
本发明所述新的高分子量麦谷蛋白基因是如下1)或2)或3)的DNA分子:
1)其核苷酸序列是序列表中序列1;
2)其核苷酸序列是序列表中序列2;
3)在严格条件下能与1)、2)限定的DNA分子杂交的DNA分子。
上述严格条件可为在6×SSC,0.5%SDS的溶液中,在65℃下杂交,然后用2×SSC,0.1%SDS和1×SSC,0.1%SDS各洗膜一次。
序列1)的DNA分子对应的氨基酸序列具有X型高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基的结构特征,命名为Glu-Mx。
序列2)的DNA分子对应的氨基酸序列具有Y型高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基的结构特征,命名为Glu-My。
含Glu-Mx或Glu-My的重组菌属于本发明的保护范围。
含Glu-Mx或Glu-My的1M/1B代换系也属于本发明的保护范围。
本发明获得的Glu-Mx和Glu-My基因具有增强面粉品质的潜在功能,在转基因优质小麦新品种的培育方面有很好的应用价值。
附图说明
图1为Glu-Mx与普通小麦Bx7、BX13和BX20基因的同源性比较;
图2为Glu-My与普通小麦Dy10、Dy12基因的同源性比较;
图3为Glu-Mx与粗山羊草Dx2t基因的同源性比较;
图4为Glu-My与粗山羊草Dy12.2t基因的同源性比较;
图5为小麦B组染色体1B与山羊草属M组染色体1M的代换系及其小麦轮回亲本“R88”,
其中A为1M/1B代换系,B为轮回亲本R88。
具体实施方式
实施例1、X-型、Y-型高分子量麦谷蛋白基因的获得
取培养20天的粗齿山羊草(Aegilop.heldreichii,2n=MM)的幼苗叶片50mg,采用CTAB法提取基因组DNA。根据高分子量麦谷蛋白基因的N端和C端保守序列合成PCR引物Pr1和Pr2,引物序列如下:
正向引物Pr1:5’-ATGGCTAAGCGGC/TTA/GGTCCTCTTTG-3’
反向引物Pr2:5’-CTATCACTGGCTG/AGCCGACAATGC-3’
PCR反应程序为:94℃预变性4min;然后94℃变性40s,64℃复性40s,72℃延伸2min 30s,30个循环;最后72℃保温10min。
电泳回收纯化大小分别约为1.8kb和2.5kb的DNA片段,将该DNA片段与载体PMD-19T连接构建载体,转化大肠杆菌DH5α,酶切鉴定。随机挑选6个鉴定正确的克隆进行测序,获得2个不同序列的DNA片段。
对所获得的序列进行生物信息学分析,它们的氨基酸序列均含有小麦高分子量麦谷蛋白的典型结构特征:如保守的N端和C端结构,以及由PGQGQQ,GYYPTSPQQ,GQQ三种重复的短肽组成的中央重复区域等。序列表中序列1对应的氨基酸序列的N端和C端分别含有3个和1个半胱氨酸,中间重复区含有X型HMW-GS特有的GQQ重复单元,将其命名为Glu-Mx,大小为2481bp。序列表中序列2对应的氨基酸序列的N端和C端分别含有5个和1个半胱氨酸,具有Y型HMW-GS的氨基酸结构特征,将其命名为Glu-My,大小为1860bp。
将粗齿山羊草(Ae.heldreichii)的HMW-GS编码基因序列分别与来自普通小麦(Triticeaavestium),粗山羊草(Aegilop tachuii)的HMW-GS基因序列进行同源性比对分析发现:Glu-Mx与普通小麦Bx7、BX13和BX20亚基基因的序列相似性仅为81.55%(见图1),Glu-My与普通小麦Dy10、Dy12亚基基因的序列相似性为90.12%(见图2)。Glu-Mx与粗山羊草DX2t亚基基因的序列相似性为89.02%(见图3),Glu-My与粗山羊草DX12.2t亚基基因的序列相似性为73.46%(见图4),Glu-Mx和Glu-My核苷酸序列的变异主要表现为大量的碱基替换和插入缺失发生,是一种新的高分子量麦谷蛋白基因。
实施例2、1M/1B小麦代换系的获得及品质指标分析
本发明获得的Glu-Mx和Glu-My基因位于山羊草属M组第一同源染色体上(即1M),采用染色体工程方法,将同样含有M染色体组的欧山羊草与普通小麦品种“R88”杂交、连续多代回交,获得1M/1B染色体代换系,该代换系与回交亲本“R88”农艺性状一致(见图5)。主要品质指标的检测结果表明:在面粉蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、籽粒硬度、形成时间和稳定时间多个品质指标方面,1M/1B染色体代换系均比亲本“R88”和对照“中国春”有显著提高,说明在普通小麦基因组中导入含有Glu-Mx和Glu-My的1M染色体物质,能够明显改良小麦面粉的品质。
表1.1M/1B小麦代换系的主要品质指标
注:下划线标注数字表示增加幅度显著的品质指标。
序列表1:
ATGGCTAAGCGGCTGGTCCTCTTTGTGGCGGTAGTTGTCGCCCTCGTGGCTCTCACCCTCGCTGAAGGTGAGGCCTCTGGACAACTACAGTGTGAGCGCGAGCTCAAGGCATGCCAGCAAGTCATGGACCAGCAGCTCCGAGACTTTAGCCCCGAGTGCCACCCCGTCGTCGTCAGCCCAGTCGCTGGACAATACCAGCAGCAAATCGTGCCCAAGGGCGGATCTTTCTACCCCGGCGAGACCACGCCACCGCAGCAACTCCAACAAAGTATATTTTGGGGAATACCTGCACTACTAAAAAGGTATTACCCAAGTATAACTTCTCCGCAGCAGGTTTCATACTATCCAGGCCAAGCTTCTCCGCAACGGCCAGGACAAGGTCAGCAGCCAGGACAAGGGCAACAATCAGGACAAGGACAACAAGGGTACTACCCAACTTCTCCGCAACAGCCAGGACAATGGCAACAACCGGAACAAGGGCAACCAGGGTACTACCCAACTTCTCCGCAGCAACCAGGACAATTGCAACAACCAAAACAAGGCCAACAAGCTCAGCAGCCAGGACAAGGGCAACCAGGGTACTACCCAATTTCTTCGCAGCTGCAGCCAGGACAATTGCAGCAACCAGCACAAGGGCAACAAGGGCAGCAACCAGGACAAGGGCAACAAGGTCAACAGCCAGGACAAGGCCAACAACCAGAACAAGGGCAACAAGGTCAACAGCCAGGACAAGGGCAACAACCAGGACAAGGGCAACAAGGTCAGCAACTTGGACAAGGACAACAAGGGTACTACCCAACTTCTCTGCAACAGTCGGGACAAGGGCAACCAGGGTACTACCCAACTTCTCTGCAGCAGCCAGGACAAGGGCAATCAGAGTACTACCCAACTTCTCTGCAGCAACCAGGACAAGGGCAGCAGCCAGGACAACTGCAGCAACCAGGACAAGGGCAGCAGCCAGGACAACTGCAACAACCAGCACAAGGGCAGCAACCAGGACAAGGGCAACAAGGTCAGCAGCCAGGACAAGGGCAACAAGGCCAGCAGCCAGGACAAGGGCAGCAATCGAGACAAGGGCAGCCAGGGTACTACCCAACTTCTCCACAGCAGTCAGGACAAGGGCAACCAGGGTACTACCCAACTTCTTCGCAGCAGCCAGGACAATCGCAGCAACCAGGACAAGGGCAACAAGGTCAGCAGCTAGGACAAGGGCAACAAGCTCAGCAGCCAGGACAAGGGCAGCAACCGGGACAAAGGCAGCCAGGGTACTACCCAACTTCTCCGCAGCAGTCAGGACAAGGGCAACCAGGGTACTACCTAACTTCTCCACAGCAGCCAGGACAATTGCAACAATCGGCACAAGGGCAAGAAGGACAGCAACCAGGACAAGGGCAACAAGGTCAACAGCCAGGACAAGGGCAACAAAGTCAGCAGCCAGGACAAGGGCAACAAGGTCAGCAGCCAGGACAAGGGCAACAAGGTCAGCAGCCAGGACAAGGGCAACAAGGTCAGCAACCGGGACAAGGGCAGCCAGGGTACTACCCAACTTCTCCGCAGCAGTCAGGACAAGGGCAACAGCCAGGACAATGGCAACAACCAGGACAAGGGCAACCAGGGTACTACCCAACTTCTTCGTTGCAGCCTGGACAAGGGCAACCAGGGTACGACCCAACTTCTCCGCAACAGCCAGGACAAGGGCAGCAGTCAGGACAATTGCAACAACCAGCACAAGAGCAACAACTAGCACAAGGGCAGCAACCAGCACAAGGGCAACAAGGTCAACAGCCAGGACAAGGGCAACAAGGTCAGCAGCCAGGACAAGGGCAACAAGGGCAGCAACCAGCACAAGGGCAACAAGGTCAGCAGCCAGCACAAGGGCAACAAGGTCAGCAGCCAGCACAAGGGCAGCAACCGGGACAAGGGCAGCCAGGGTACTACCCAACTTCTCCGCAGGAGTCAGGACAAGGGCAACAGCCAGGACAATGGCAACAATCAGGACAAGGGCAACCAGGGTACTACCTAACTTCTCTGTTGCAGCCAGGACAAGGGCAACAAGGGTACTACCCAGCTTCTCTGCAGCAACCAGGACAATGGCAACAATCAGGACAAGGGCAACAGGGGTATTACTCAACTCCGCAGCTGTCAGGACAAGGGCAACAGCCAGGACAATGGCTGCAACCAGAACAAGGGCAACAAGGGTACTACCCAACTTCTCCGCAACATTCAGGACAAGGGCAACAGCCAGGACAATGGCTGCAACCAGGACAAGGGCAACAAGGGTACTACCCAACTTCTCCGCAACAGCCAGGACAAGGGCAGCAATCAGGACAAGGGCAGCAAGGCTACTACAGCTCATACCATGTTAGCGCGGAGCACCAGGCGCCCAGTCTAAAGGTGGCAAAGGCGCAGCAGCTCGCGGCACAGCTGCCGGCAATGTGCCGGCTGGAGGGCGGCGACGCATTGTCGGCCAGCCAGTGATAG
序列表2:
ATGGCTAAGCGGTTGGTCCTCTTTGCGACAGTAGTCATTGCCCTCGTGGCTCTCACTGTCGCTCAAGGTGAGGCCTCTAGGCAACTACAGTGCGAGCGCGAGCTCCAGGAGAGCTCGCTTGAGGCATGCCGGCTGGTTGTGGACCAACAGTTGGCCGGTCGGCTGCCATGGAGCACGGGGCTCCAGATGCGGTGCTGCCAGCAGCTCCGAGATGTTAGTGCCAAGTGTCGCCCCGTCGCCGTCAGCCAAGTCGCAAGACAATATGAGCAAACCGCGTTGCCGCCCAAGGGCGGATCCTTCTACCCTCGCGAGACCACGCCACTGCAGCAACTCCAACAAGGAATATTTTGGGGAACATCTTCACAAACAGTACAAGGGTACTACCCAAGCGTAACATCTTCTCAGCAGGGGTCATATTATCCAGGCCAAGCTTCTCCACAACAGCCAGGACAAGGGCAACGGCCAGGACAAGGGCAACAGCCAGGAAAATGGCAAGAACTAGGACAAGGGCAACAAGGGTACTATATAACTTCTCTGCAGCAGCCAGGACAAGGGCAACAGACAGGACAAGGGCAACAAGGATACTACCCAACTTCTCTACAGCAGCCAGGACAAGGGCAACAAATAGGACAATGGCAACAAGGGTACTACCCAACTTCTCCGCAGCACCCAGGACAAGGGCAACAACCAGGACAAGGGCAACAAATACGACAAGGGCAACAACCAGGACAAGGGCAACAAATAGGACAAGGGCAACAGTCAGAACAAGGGCAACAATCAGGACGAGGGCAACAAGGGTACTATCCAACTTCTCCGCAGCAGCTAGGACAAGGGCAACAACCAGGACAATGGCAACAACCAGGACAAGGGCAACAAGGGTACTACCCAACTTCTCTGCAACAGCCAGGACAAGGTCAACAAGGGCACTACCCAGCTTCTCTGCAGCAGCCAGGACAAGGTCAACAAGGGCGCTACCCAGCTTCTCAGCACCAGCCAGGACAGGGGCAACAAGGGCACTACCCAGCTTCTCTGCAGCAGTCAGGACAGGGGCAACAAGGCCACCACCCAGCTTCTCTGCAGCAGCCAGGACAAGGGCAACAAACAGGACAGCCAGGACAAAGGCAACAACCAGGACAAGGGCAAGAAACAGGACAAGGGCAACAACCAGAACAAGAGCAACAAGGGTACTATCCAACTTCTCTGCAACAGCCAGGACAAGGGCAACAACCAGAACAATGGCAACAACCAGGACAAAGTCAACAAGGGCACTACCCAGCTTCTCTGCAGCAGCCAGGACAAGGACAACCAGGACAAACGCAACAACCAGGACAAGGGCAACAACCAGAACAAGAGCAACAACCAGGACAGGGGCAACAAGGGTACTATCCAACTTCTTCGCAGCAGCCAGGACAAGGGCAACATCCAGGACAAGGGCAACAAGTGTACTACCCAACTTCCCCGCAGCAGCCAGGACAAGGGCAACAACCAGGACAAGGGCAACAAGGGCACTACCCAACTTCTCCGCAGCAGCCAGGACAAGCGCAACAACCAGGACAAGGCAAACAAACAGGACAAGTGCAACAACTAGGACAAGGGCAACAAGGGTACTACCCAACTTCTCTACAGCAGCCAGGACAAGGGCAACAGTCAGGACAAGGGCAACAGTCAGGACAAGGACACCAACCAGGACAAGGGCAACAATCAGGACAAGAGCAACAAGTCTACGACAGCCCATACCATGTTAGCGTGGAGCAGCAAGCGGCCAGCCCAAAGGTGGCAAAGGCGCAGCATCCCGCGGCACAGTTGCCGGCAATGTGCCAGATGGAGGGGGGCGATGCATTGTCGGCCAGCCAGTGATAG
Claims (5)
1.一种高分子量麦谷蛋白基因,其特征是:核苷酸序列是序列表中序列1的DNA分子;或核苷酸序列是序列表中序列2的DNA分子;或核苷酸序列是能与序列表中序列1或序列2杂交的DNA分子。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高分子量麦谷蛋白基因,其特征在于:所述能与序列表中序列1或序列2杂交的DNA分子,其对应的氨基酸序列具有高分子量麦谷蛋白特有的N端和C端,且含有由PGQGQQ、GYYPTSPQQ或GQQ三种重复的短肽组成的中央重复区域。
3.含有权利要求1或2所述的高分子量麦谷蛋白基因的重组菌。
4.含有权利要求1或2所述的高分子量麦谷蛋白基因的1M/1B代换系。
5.权利要求1或2所述的高分子量麦谷蛋白基因或权利要求3所述的高分子量麦谷蛋白基因的重组菌在培育转基因植物的用途。
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唐朝晖等: "普通小麦背景中长穗偃麦草高分子量麦谷蛋白基因的表达、染色体定位与分子标记", 《农业生物技术学报》, 31 January 2003 (2003-01-31), pages 34 - 39 * |
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Application publication date: 20120711 |