CN102559370B - Method and device for processing microalgae - Google Patents
Method and device for processing microalgae Download PDFInfo
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- CN102559370B CN102559370B CN201110435654.3A CN201110435654A CN102559370B CN 102559370 B CN102559370 B CN 102559370B CN 201110435654 A CN201110435654 A CN 201110435654A CN 102559370 B CN102559370 B CN 102559370B
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for processing microalgae. The processing method includes placing microalgae liquid in an environment with a normal temperature and pressure, increasing the temperature and pressure of the environment of the microalgae liquid, continuously subjecting the microalgae liquid to the environment after the temperature and pressure are increased, and directly transferring the microalgae liquid to a vacuum environment from the environment. The invention further provides a device for preparing the microalgae, which includes a microalgae liquid storage tank used for storing the microalgae liquid at the normal temperature and under the normal pressure, a high-pressure pump used for pressurizing the microalgae liquid storage tank, a heater used for heating the microalgae liquid storage tank, a vacuum container with a vacuum pump, which is empty inside and used for containing the microalgae liquid obtained from the microalgae liquid storage tank, and a buffer tank used for containing water discharged from the vacuum container. According to the method and the device for processing microalgae, the collecting, wall-breaking and drying of the microalgae are achieved simultaneously or performed by one step and the extraction rate of microalgae oil after wall-breaking can be reached above 90%. The method and the device for processing microalgae have the advantages of simple process, high wall-breaking efficiency, low energy consumption, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the working method of micro-algae, specifically, the present invention relates to the method and apparatus processing micro-algae.
Background technology
Micro-algae is the individual small photoautotrophy of a class and/or heterotroph unicellular organism, has the features such as widely distributed, of a great variety, photosynthetic efficiency is high, fast growth, strong adaptability.The CO that micro-algae is fixed every year
2account for 40% of global net photosynthesis output, add it and be rich in lipid, hydro carbons, albumen, soluble polysaccharide, and the high value such as astaxanthin, β-carotene natural pigment, therefore in today that the problems such as environmental protection, the energy and health get most of the attention, micro-algae more and more receives the concern of people.
After both culturing microalgae completes, to collecting, dry, broken wall and extraction etc. processs to obtain micro-algae algae oily.
Traditional micro-algae process needs through steps such as collection, drying, broken wall and extractions, and complex treatment process, energy consumption is high, and environment friendly is poor, to effective constituent protection not.
It is the bottleneck restricting micro-algae industry development that micro-algae is collected always.Because micro-phycobiont is small, biomass concentration is lower, and cell density is suitable with water body, traditional collection method be centrifugal, filter, flocculent precipitation and dissolved air flotation etc., above method or also exist that energy consumption is high, efficiency is low, or there is collection device complex structure, or there is the problems such as environment friendly difference.
The traditional method that micro-algae algae oil extracts mostly is organic solvent method, milling process and supercritical extraction, and above method requires first to carry out drying treatment to micro-algae.Traditional drying means mostly is lyophilize and spraying dry, and above drying means energy consumption is very high.
Because micro-algae has cellulosic cell walls, the microalgae cell wall thickness of some kind, quality are hard, need to carry out broken wall treatment to improve algae oil extraction yield before extracting micro-algae algae oil.Traditional microalgae wall breaking method is a lot, as physical method and biological enzyme digestion methods etc. such as mechanical disintegration traditionally, freeze thawing, ultrasonic wave, colloidal mills.Successively proposed gas explosion method, high-pressure homogeneous and ultra-high speed gas comminuting method etc. in recent years.But aforesaid method all exists obvious shortcoming, or the used time is longer or temperature is higher or crushing effect is not good or do not have available protecting bioactive ingredients.Result causes cell walls broken wall inefficiency and bioactive ingredients loss seriously.
Chinese Academy of Sciences process engineering institute Chen Hong chapter etc. proposes a kind of quick-fried wall-breaking method of vapour (the quick-fried wall-breaking method of vapour of 02153296.6-alginic cell wall) of alginic cell wall, algae liquid adds in steam-explosion jar by the method, then in steam-explosion jar, pass into saturation steam and high pressure steam, after staying for some time, decompression is discharged in normal pressure cyclonic separator and is separated.Although this wall-breaking method is for other prior aries, not adding any acid-base material can realize broken wall, has the advantage that environment friendly is good, still there is following shortcoming:
1) the method needs to add pre-processed saturation steam and high-pressure air, because this increasing energy consumption, has the shortcoming that energy consumption is high;
2) introducing of saturation steam further increases the water content in algae liquid, has the shortcoming that the later separation water yield is high;
3) the method can not complete the broken wall of micro-algae, drying and collection process simultaneously, has the shortcoming of poor continuity.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to above shortcoming, propose and a kind ofly make the microalgae wall breaking in micro-algae algae liquid and remove method and the device of the moisture in micro-algae algae liquid simultaneously.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of method processing micro-algae, comprising: make micro-algae algae liquid be in normal temperature and pressure environment; Improve the temperature and pressure of environment residing for micro-algae algae liquid; Micro-algae algae liquid is made to continue in the environment after being in increasing temperature and pressure; Micro-algae algae liquid is directly proceeded to vacuum environment from the environment after above-mentioned increasing temperature and pressure.
In the method, broken wall under the effect of the pressure difference of micro-algae between normal pressure and vacuum, moisture simultaneously in algae liquid evaporates in vacuum drying condition gasified, moisture in former micro-algae algae liquid and the mixture separation of frond and algae oil, serve the effect completing microalgae wall breaking, drying simultaneously and collect.
Normal temperature and pressure environment in aforesaid method is room temperature and atmospheric pressure environment.
In the above-mentioned methods, the pressure in the environment after increasing temperature and pressure is 2 ~ 10MPa, and temperature is 80 ~ 120 DEG C, and preferred pressure is 2 ~ 5MPa, and preferable temperature is 80 ~ 90 DEG C.
In the above-mentioned methods, keep 0.5 ~ 3 hour in the environment of micro-algae algae liquid after increasing temperature and pressure, preferably 0.5 ~ 2 hour.
In the above-mentioned methods, the vacuum tightness in vacuum environment is-0.06 ~-0.09MPa, and temperature is 50 ~ 90 DEG C.
Micro-algae in aforesaid method comprises flat algae, grid algae, haematococcus pulvialis, Porphyridium cruentum, snow algae, spirulina, diatom, brown algae, Chaetoceros, chlorella, different oxygen chlorella, micro-plan ball algae, grid algae, Crypthecodinium cohnii, chrysophyceae, splits kettle algae, haematococcus pulvialis or Dunaliella salina etc., or the mixed algae of their any several algaes, one or more in preferred chlorella chlorella, different oxygen chlorella, brown algae and Dunaliella salina.
According to a further aspect in the invention, additionally providing a kind of device for implementing aforesaid method, comprising: algae liquid storage tank, for storing micro-algae algae liquid with normal temperature and pressure state; High-pressure pump, for pressurizeing to described algae liquid storage tank; Well heater, for heating to described algae liquid storage tank; With the vacuum tank of vacuum pump, wherein keep hollow and for hold from above-mentioned algae liquid storage tank come micro-algae algae liquid; Surge tank, for holding the water of discharging from vacuum tank.
In said apparatus, described high-pressure pump comprises lp piston and nitrogengas cylinder, and the piston utilizing nitrogen to promote in lp piston pressurizes to lp piston, is transported in preheater by the micro-algae algae liquid in lp piston.
In said apparatus, the temperature in wherein said surge tank is room temperature, for the moisture that condensation and collection evaporate from vacuum tank.
Method provided by the invention has the following advantages:
1) the algae liquid of high-moisture is stopped the regular hour by the present invention under certain temperature, pressure condition, then the algae liquid after heating, pressurizeing is released to suddenly in vacuum tank, vacuum tank maintains certain vacuum tightness and temperature, water in algae liquid is evaporated under this condition, thus the micro-algae after broken wall is separated with water with part algae oil, realize the collection of micro-algae, broken wall and drying, namely a step completes broken wall, the drying of micro-algae and collects step simultaneously, technical process is simple, and process continuity is good.
2) broken wall efficiency is high, and the algae oil extraction rate reached after broken wall, to more than 85%, even reaches more than 90%.
3) in heating and pressurizing process, without the need to using saturation steam and high-pressure air, energy consumption is low and can not increase the follow-up point of water yield.
4) remove the moisture in micro-algae algae liquid by vacuum drying means, compared with cyclonic separator of the prior art, drying effect is good, and be applicable to micro-algae algae liquid of high-moisture, such as water content reaches the algae liquid of more than 85%.
5) in broken wall step of the present invention without the need to using the reagent such as soda acid, can save post-processing step and can not cause environmental pollution, environment friendly is high.
6) temperature in heating steps of the present invention is not high, therefore can effectively protect the effective constituent in algae oil not to be destroyed.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The setting drawing that Fig. 1 illustrates microalgae wall breaking, drying and collects.Numeral number 1 wherein in figure is algae liquid storage tank, and 2 is high-pressure pump, and 3 is preheater, and 4 is vacuum tank, and 5 is surge tank, and 6 is vacuum pump.
Embodiment
The following examples can make the present invention of those skilled in the art's comprehend, but do not limit the present invention in any way.
After broken wall, the testing method of algae oil extraction yield is as follows: the untreated algae mud that takes a morsel is dried at putting 105 DEG C, baking oven, and chromatographically measures fatty background values C
algae; Get at oil-extracted algae slag puts 105 DEG C, baking oven and dry, chromatographically measures lipid content C
slagif, m
algaefor extracting the dry weight with algae, m
slagfor extracting the dry weight (g) of rear algae-residue, according to formulas Extraction rate=(C
algae× m
algae-C
slag× m
slag)/C
algae× m
algaecalculate extraction yield.
Embodiment 1
By the water content in algae liquid storage tank be 88.6% chlorella (chlorella) (former algae oil length is 29.145% (butt)) algae liquid, algae mud join in lp piston, add-on is 500ml (supplementing add-on), nitrogengas cylinder is utilized to pressurize to lp piston, algae liquid after pressurization enters in preheater, preheater temperature maintains 80 DEG C, be pressurized to 10MPa, in preheater, stop 0.5h.Then release in vacuum tank by material, in vacuum tank, vacuum tightness maintains-0.0875 ~-0.09Mpa, and the temperature of vacuum tank maintains 50 DEG C, ensures that water exists with this understanding in a gaseous form.Water enters the surge tank after vacuum tank in the form of a vapor, and the temperature of surge tank is room temperature, ensures water liquefaction.Vacuum tank stayed by micro-algae after broken wall and algae oil, reaches the effect of micro-algae drying.Then to collect in vacuum tank the product obtained carry out algae oil extraction yield test, after broken wall algae oil extraction yield be 86.8%.
Embodiment 2
By the water content in algae liquid storage tank be 88.6% different oxygen chlorella (chlorella vulga) (former algae oil length is 29.145% (butt)) algae liquid, algae mud join in lp piston, add-on is 500ml, nitrogengas cylinder is utilized to pressurize to lp piston, algae liquid after pressurization enters in preheater, preheater temperature maintains 120 DEG C, be pressurized to 2MPa, in preheater, stop 3h.Then release in vacuum tank by material, in vacuum tank, vacuum tightness maintains-0.0595 ~-0.06Mpa, and the temperature of vacuum tank maintains 90 DEG C, ensures that water exists with this understanding in a gaseous form.Water enters the surge tank after vacuum tank in the form of a vapor, and the temperature of surge tank is room temperature, ensures water liquefaction.Vacuum tank stayed by micro-algae after broken wall and algae oil, reaches the effect of micro-algae drying.Then to collect in vacuum tank the product obtained carry out algae oil extraction yield test, after broken wall algae oil extraction yield be 94.3%.
Embodiment 3
By the water content in algae liquid storage tank be 99.7% brown algae (Phaeodactylum tricornutumBohlin) (former algae oil length is 29.145% (butt)) algae liquid, algae mud join in lp piston, add-on is 500ml, nitrogengas cylinder is utilized to pressurize to lp piston, algae liquid after pressurization enters in preheater, preheater temperature maintains 90 DEG C, be pressurized to 3.3MPa, in preheater, stop 1h.Then release in vacuum tank by material, in vacuum tank, vacuum tightness maintains-0.0775 ~-0.08Mpa, and the temperature of vacuum tank maintains 70 DEG C, ensures that water exists with this understanding in a gaseous form.Water enters the surge tank after vacuum tank in the form of a vapor, and the temperature of surge tank is room temperature, ensures water liquefaction.Vacuum tank stayed by micro-algae after broken wall and algae oil, reaches the effect of micro-algae drying.Then to collect in vacuum tank the product obtained carry out algae oil extraction yield test, after broken wall algae oil extraction yield be 88.1%.
Embodiment 4
By the water content in algae liquid storage tank be 99.7% Dunaliella salina (Dunal iel la) (former algae oil length is 29.145% (butt)) algae liquid, algae mud join in lp piston, add-on is 500ml, nitrogengas cylinder is utilized to pressurize to lp piston, algae liquid after pressurization enters in preheater, preheater temperature maintains 100 DEG C, be pressurized to 3.5MPa, in preheater, stop 1.5h.Then release in vacuum tank by material, in vacuum tank, vacuum tightness maintains-0.0875 ~-0.09Mpa, and the temperature of vacuum tank maintains 70 DEG C, ensures that water exists with this understanding in a gaseous form.Water enters the surge tank after vacuum tank in the form of a vapor, and the temperature of surge tank is room temperature, ensures water liquefaction.Vacuum tank stayed by micro-algae after broken wall and algae oil, reaches the effect of micro-algae drying.Then to collect in vacuum tank the product obtained carry out algae oil extraction yield test, after broken wall algae oil extraction yield be 93.5%.
Experiment condition and the experimental result of embodiment 1 ~ embodiment 4 are as shown in table 1:
Table 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the broken wall efficiency of method provided by the invention is high, and the algae oil extraction rate reached after broken wall, to more than 85%, even reaches more than 90%.
Although illustrate and describe embodiments of the invention, for a person skilled in the art, be appreciated that, can carry out multiple change, amendment, replacement and modification to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, scope of the present invention is by claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. process a method for micro-algae, comprising:
Micro-algae algae liquid is made to be in normal temperature and pressure environment;
Improve the temperature and pressure of environment residing for micro-algae algae liquid;
Micro-algae algae liquid is made to continue in the environment after being in increasing temperature and pressure;
Micro-algae algae liquid is made directly to proceed to vacuum environment from the environment after above-mentioned increasing temperature and pressure;
Described normal temperature and pressure environment is room temperature and atmospheric pressure environment;
Wherein, the pressure in the environment after described increasing temperature and pressure is 2 ~ 10MPa, and temperature is 80 ~ 120 DEG C, and the vacuum tightness in described vacuum environment is-0.06 ~-0.09MPa, and temperature is 70 ~ 90 DEG C.
2. method according to claim 1, the pressure in the environment wherein after increasing temperature and pressure is 2 ~ 5MPa, and temperature is 80 ~ 90 DEG C.
3. the method according to any one of claim 1 ~ 2, wherein keeps 0.5 ~ 3 hour in the environment of micro-algae algae liquid after increasing temperature and pressure.
4. method according to claim 3, wherein keeps 0.5 ~ 2 hour in the environment of micro-algae algae liquid after increasing temperature and pressure.
5. method according to claim 1, wherein micro-algae be selected from flat algae, grid algae, haematococcus pulvialis, Porphyridium cruentum, snow algae, spirulina, diatom, brown algae, Chaetoceros, chlorella, different oxygen chlorella, micro-plan ball algae, grid algae, Crypthecodinium cohnii, chrysophyceae, split in kettle algae, haematococcus pulvialis and Dunaliella salina one or more.
6. method according to claim 1, wherein said micro-algae be selected from chlorella, different oxygen chlorella, brown algae and Dunaliella salina one or more.
7., for implementing the claims a device for the method according to any one of 1 ~ 6, comprising:
Algae liquid storage tank, for storing micro-algae algae liquid with normal temperature and pressure state;
High-pressure pump, for pressurizeing to described algae liquid storage tank;
Well heater, for heating to described algae liquid storage tank;
With the vacuum tank of vacuum pump, wherein keep hollow and for hold from above-mentioned algae liquid storage tank come micro-algae algae liquid;
Surge tank, for holding the water of discharging from vacuum tank.
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| CN103004740A (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2013-04-03 | 大连金砣水产食品有限公司 | Method for removing harmful dinoflagellates in chrysophyte bait cultivating pool |
| CN104450524B (en) * | 2014-12-13 | 2017-04-05 | 河南天冠企业集团有限公司 | A kind of oleaginous microorganism method of cell disruption of pressurization intensification jet |
| CN105054137B (en) * | 2015-08-12 | 2018-08-03 | 徐晟伟 | A kind of seaweed means for breaking walls |
| CN108865415A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2018-11-23 | 太和县乐民现代农业科技有限公司 | A kind of extracting method of peony seed oil |
| CN111363614A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2020-07-03 | 润科生物工程（福建）有限公司 | Method for extracting arachidonic acid grease in non-solvent manner |
| CN113584102B (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2023-03-17 | 济宁学院 | Preparation method of nannochloropsis oculata polysaccharide with antioxidant activity |
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