CN102559242B - Novel process for achieving large catalyst-to-oil ratio on catalytic cracking unit - Google Patents

Abstract

A process for realizing a large agent-to-oil ratio in a catalytic cracking unit, by introducing a heat exchange device—a gas-solid heat exchanger (4) between the regenerator (2) and the riser reactor (3) to regenerate the high-temperature The agent and the main air are respectively introduced into the gas-solid heat exchanger (4), and the high-temperature regenerant flows in the gas-solid heat exchanger (4) in a fluidized state and exchanges heat with the main air to cool down the high-temperature regenerant to ensure The riser reactor (3) achieves a large agent-to-oil ratio operation, and at the same time heats up the main air, and the heated main air will bring the heat obtained by cooling the high-temperature regenerant back to the regenerator (2), ensuring the reaction temperature of the regeneration process , so as to ensure the normal progress of the regeneration process under the condition of large agent-to-oil ratio, maintain the heat balance of the whole system, and improve the efficiency of the device.

Description

Process of Realizing Large Ratio of Fuel to Oil in Catalytic Cracking Unit

technical field

Using a large catalyst-to-oil ratio in the catalytic cracking process of heavy oil can increase the average activity of the catalyst in the catalytic reaction process, thereby increasing the yield of the target product and significantly improving the benefit of the unit. The invention relates to a new process for realizing a large ratio of fuel to oil in a heavy oil catalytic cracking unit, which can maintain a relatively high regeneration temperature in the regenerator under the operating condition of a large ratio of fuel to oil to ensure regeneration efficiency and maintain the overall A method for thermal balancing of the system. By realizing stable operation with a large agent-to-oil ratio, the liquid yield of the device can be increased.

Background technique

When the catalytic cracking unit is operated with a large ratio of solvent to oil, in order to ensure the reaction temperature required by the process, the regenerant must be cooled down. At present, the commonly used method is to use an external heat extractor to exchange heat between the regenerant and water (steam), cool down the regenerant, generate water vapor, and incorporate it into the steam pipe network.

Under the condition that the total amount of carbon in the catalyst is constant and the heat generated by the regenerator is constant, with the increase of the ratio of agent to oil, the heat taken by the external heat extractor will gradually increase, and this part of heat is often used to generate water vapor and feed it into the steam pipe network, no longer return to the regeneration system, and the low-temperature standby agent entering the regeneration system increases, the heat balance of the regeneration system cannot be maintained, resulting in a drop in regeneration temperature, reducing the regeneration efficiency, and even making the process unable to proceed normally, so the ratio of agent to oil improvement is limited. So far, there is no effective method to greatly increase the ratio of fuel to oil in catalytic cracking units.

Contents of the invention

The invention relates to a new process which can greatly increase the catalyst-to-oil ratio of a catalytic cracking unit. Cool the regenerated catalyst and return the heat obtained by cooling the regenerated agent to the regeneration system, so that a higher regeneration temperature can be maintained, so that under the condition of a large agent-to-oil ratio, the gap between the regenerator and the reactor operating at a large agent-to-oil ratio can be maintained The heat balance between them ensures the normal progress of the regeneration process and the entire operation process with a large agent-to-oil ratio, thereby increasing the liquid yield of the device and improving the benefit of the device.

The new process proposed by the present invention can flexibly adjust the ratio of agent to oil, and can realize a large ratio of agent to oil. The upper limit of the ratio of agent to oil is only restricted by the residual carbon value of the oil, which is suitable for various raw materials, especially for heavy raw materials, so that it can Unleash the full potential of your device.

The invention proposes to take out the excess heat of the regenerant and return it to the regeneration system to realize a large agent-to-oil ratio on the catalytic cracking unit, which consists of a settler (1), a regenerator (2), and a riser reactor (3) , gas-solid heat exchanger (4), cold main air inlet (5), regenerant inlet (6), cooling regenerant outlet (7), warming main air air outlet (8), hot and cold regenerant mixer ( 9) and cold and hot main wind air mixer (10), it is characterized in that: a heat exchange device—gas-solid heat exchanger (4) is introduced between the regenerator (2) and the riser reactor (3) , the high-temperature regenerant in the fluidized state passes through the regenerant inlet (6), and the main wind air is respectively introduced into the gas-solid heat exchanger (4) through the cold main air inlet (5). Flow in the solid heat exchanger (4) and exchange heat with the main air to cool down the high-temperature regenerant, and the cooled regenerant flows out of the gas-solid heat exchanger (4) through the cooling regenerant outlet (7) and enters the riser Reactor (3), to ensure the large agent-oil ratio operation in the riser reactor (3); at the same time, the main wind air is heated up, and the heated main wind air flows out of the gas-solid heat exchanger ( 4), the heat obtained by cooling the high-temperature regenerant is brought back to the regenerator (2) to ensure the reaction temperature of the regeneration process, thereby ensuring the normal progress of the regeneration process under the condition of a large agent-to-oil ratio, and maintaining the heat balance of the entire system, improving the device Benefits: the heat brought back to the regenerator (2) by the heated main wind air, after maintaining the suitable regeneration temperature of the regenerator, enters the energy recovery system of the smoke machine with the high-temperature flue gas to generate electricity, which will also produce certain economic benefits; entering the gas-solid The amount of high-temperature regenerated catalyst in the heat exchanger (4) is part or all; the amount of main air entering the gas-solid heat exchanger (4) is part or all; their introduction ratio is adjusted according to needs, so the ratio of agent to oil can be flexibly adjusted , to achieve a large dose-to-oil ratio. When part of the high-temperature regenerated catalyst enters the gas-solid heat exchanger (4), the lower temperature regenerated agent after cooling is drawn from the cooling regenerated agent outlet (7) of the gas-solid heat exchanger (4), and the uncooled high-temperature The regenerant is mixed in the hot and cold regenerant mixer (9) and heat-exchanged to a lower temperature required for the reaction of a large-to-oil ratio, and then enters the riser reactor (3) to realize the catalytic cracking reaction of a large-to-oil ratio Process; when part of the main wind air enters the gas-solid heat exchanger (4), the heated main wind air is drawn from the temperature-raising main wind air outlet (8) of the gas-solid heat exchanger (4), and then enters the regenerator ( 2) or enter the regenerator (2) after mixing with the low-temperature main wind air that has not been heated up in the hot and cold main wind air mixer (10); when all the high-temperature regenerated catalyst amounts enter the gas-solid heat exchanger (4), After cooling down, the regenerant that reaches the requirements of the reaction temperature of large agent-to-oil ratio no longer enters the hot and cold regenerant mixer (9), and directly enters the riser reactor (3); when all the main wind air enters the gas-solid heat exchanger (4 ), the heated main wind air does not enter the cold and hot main wind air mixer (10), but directly enters the regenerator (2).

The described technique of realizing large dose-to-oil ratio on the catalytic cracking unit is characterized in that: the gas-solid heat exchanger (4) is any form of gas-solid heat exchanger, and the high-temperature regenerant is in a fluidized state in the gas-solid heat exchange It flows in the device (4) and exchanges heat with the main wind air.

The described technique of realizing large agent-oil ratio on the catalytic cracking unit is characterized in that: the hot and cold regenerant mixer (9) and the hot and cold main wind air mixer (10) are tank type or tubular, when the cold When the hot regenerant mixer (9) and the cold and hot main wind air mixer (10) are tube-type, cold and hot particles or cold and hot main wind air can be mixed and exchanged in the pipeline.

The described process of realizing a large agent-to-oil ratio in a catalytic cracking unit can be adapted to various raw materials, can increase the slag mixing ratio, and is especially suitable for heavy raw materials.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the process of realizing a large fuel ratio in a catalytic cracking unit.

In Fig. 1, 1. settler, 2. regenerator, 3. riser reactor, 4. gas-solid heat exchanger, 5. cold main air inlet, 6. regenerant inlet, 7. cooling regenerant outlet, 8. Air outlet for heating main air, 9. Hot and cold regenerant mixer, 10. Hot and cold main air air mixer.

Detailed ways

The process for realizing a large fuel oil ratio in a catalytic cracking unit of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

With reference to Fig. 1, this technique is made of settler (1), regenerator (2), riser reactor (3), gas-solid heat exchanger (4), cold main wind air inlet (5), regeneration agent inlet (6) ), cooling regeneration agent outlet (7), heating main wind air outlet (8), cold and hot regeneration agent mixer (9) and cold and hot main wind air mixer (10), it is characterized in that the regenerator (2) A heat exchange device—a gas-solid heat exchanger (4) is introduced between the riser reactor (3) to pass the high-temperature regenerant in the fluidized state through the regenerant inlet (6), and pass the main air through the cold main air The air inlets (5) are respectively introduced into the gas-solid heat exchanger (4), and the high-temperature regenerated agent flows in the gas-solid heat exchanger (4) in a fluidized state and exchanges heat with the main air, so that the high-temperature regenerated agent cools down. The final regenerant flows out of the gas-solid heat exchanger (4) through the cooling regenerant outlet (7), and enters the riser reactor (3), ensuring a large agent-to-oil ratio operation in the riser reactor (3); The air is heated up, and the heated main air flows out of the gas-solid heat exchanger (4) through the heated main air outlet (8), and the heat obtained by cooling the high-temperature regenerant is brought back to the regenerator (2), ensuring the regeneration process. Reaction temperature, so as to ensure the normal progress of the regeneration process under the condition of large agent-to-oil ratio, and maintain the heat balance of the whole system, and improve the efficiency of the device; After the high-temperature flue gas enters the smoke machine energy recovery system to generate electricity, it will also produce certain economic benefits; the amount of high-temperature regeneration catalyst entering the gas-solid heat exchanger (4) is part or all; entering the gas-solid heat exchanger (4) The air volume of the main air is part or all; their introduction ratio is adjusted according to the needs, so the agent-oil ratio can be flexibly adjusted to achieve a large agent-oil ratio; when part of the high-temperature regenerated catalyst enters the gas-solid heat exchanger (4), the cooling The lower regenerated agent after the temperature is drawn from the cooling regenerated agent outlet (7) of the gas-solid heat exchanger (4), mixed with the uncooled high-temperature regenerated agent in the cold and hot regenerated agent mixer (9) and exchanged heat to The lower temperature required for the reaction of large agent-oil ratio then enters the riser reactor (3) to realize the catalytic cracking reaction process of large agent-oil ratio; when part of the main wind air enters the gas-solid heat exchanger (4), The heated main air is drawn from the heated main air outlet (8) of the gas-solid heat exchanger (4), and then enters the regenerator (2) alone or is mixed with the unheated low-temperature main air in the cold and hot main air. After being mixed in the regenerator (10), it enters the regenerator (2); when all the high-temperature regenerated catalyst enters the gas-solid heat exchanger (4), the regenerated agent that reaches the reaction temperature requirement of large agent-to-oil ratio will no longer enter the cold and hot The regenerant mixer (9) directly enters the riser reactor (3); when all the main air enters the gas-solid heat exchanger (4), the heated main air does not enter the cold and hot main air mixer (10), directly into the regenerator (2). Referring to Fig. 1, the gas-solid heat exchanger (4) is any form of gas-solid (particle fluidized) heat exchanger, and the high-temperature regeneration agent flows in the gas-solid heat exchanger (4) in a fluidized state and is mixed with the main wind air Perform heat exchange.

Referring to Fig. 1, the hot and cold regenerant mixer (9) and the hot and cold main wind air mixer (10) are tank type or pipe type, when the hot and cold regenerant mixer (9) and the hot and cold main wind air mixer (10) When it is tube type, cold and hot particles or cold and hot main wind air can mix and exchange heat in the tube.

The above-mentioned new process can take out the excess heat carried by the high-temperature regenerated catalyst and return it to the regeneration system, so that all the heat generated during the regeneration process can be used to maintain the temperature balance of the regeneration system under the condition of large catalyst circulation. And all catalysts entering the riser reactor are well-regenerated catalysts with high activity and uniformity. The heat brought back to the regenerator (2) by the heated main wind air, after maintaining the suitable regeneration temperature of the regenerator, enters the energy recovery system of the smoke machine with the high-temperature flue gas to generate electricity, which will also generate certain economic benefits.

The technical solution of the present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, but the drawings and specific embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention.

The technology proposed by the invention to realize a large ratio of fuel to oil in a catalytic cracking unit is suitable for various raw materials, improves the slag mixing ratio, and is especially suitable for heavy raw materials.

Claims (5)

1. one kind realizes the technique of high agent-oil ratio in catalytic cracking unit, by settling vessel (1), revivifier (2), riser reactor (3), gas-solid heat exchange device (4), cold main air gas inlet (5), regenerant inlet (6), cooling regenerator outlet (7), intensification main air air vout (8), cold and hot regenerator mixing tank (9) and cold and hot main air air mixer (10) composition, it is characterized in that: between revivifier (2) and riser reactor (3), introduce a heat-exchanger rig---gas-solid heat exchange device (4), by the high temperature regeneration agent of fluidized state by regenerant inlet (6), main air air is introduced gas-solid heat exchange device (4) respectively by cold main air gas inlet (5), high temperature regeneration agent is flowed with fluidized state and is carried out heat exchange with main air air in gas-solid heat exchange device (4), high temperature regeneration agent is lowered the temperature, regenerator after cooling flows out gas-solid interchanger (4) by cooling regenerator outlet (7), enter riser reactor (3), ensure the high agent-oil ratio operation in riser reactor (3), make main air atmosphere temperature rising simultaneously, the main air air heated up flows out gas-solid interchanger (4) by intensification main air air vout (8), the heat obtained by cooling down high-temperature regenerator takes back revivifier (2) again, ensure the temperature of reaction of regenerative process, thus under high agent-oil ratio condition, ensure that regenerative process is normally carried out, and keep whole system thermal equilibrium, improve device benefit, taken back the heat of revivifier (2) by the main air air heated up, after the appropriate regeneration temperature maintaining revivifier, enter the generating of cigarette machine energy-recuperation system with high-temperature flue gas, also will produce certain economic benefit, the high-temperature regenerated catalyst amount entering gas-solid heat exchange device (4) is part or all, the main air air capacity entering gas-solid heat exchange device (4) is part or all, their introducing ratio adjusts as required, and thus flexible agent-oil ratio, realizes high agent-oil ratio, when part high-temperature regenerated catalyst amount enters gas-solid heat exchange device (4), the regenerator that temperature after cooling is lower is drawn from cooling regenerator outlet (7) of gas-solid heat exchange device (4), with uncooled high temperature regeneration agent mix in the cold and hot regenerator mixing tank (9) also heat exchange to high agent-oil ratio react needed for lesser temps, then riser reactor (3) is entered, to realize the catalytic cracking reaction process of high agent-oil ratio, when part main air air enters gas-solid heat exchange device (4), main air air after intensification is drawn from the intensification main air air vout (8) of gas-solid heat exchange device (4), then enters separately revivifier (2) or enters revivifier (2) after mixing in cold and hot main air air mixer (10) with the low temperature main air air do not heated up, when whole high-temperature regenerated catalyst amount all enters gas-solid heat exchange device (4), the regenerator reaching the requirement of high agent-oil ratio temperature of reaction after cooling no longer enters cold and hot regenerator mixing tank (9), directly enters riser reactor (3), when whole main air air all enters gas-solid heat exchange device (4), the main air air after intensification does not enter cold and hot main air air mixer (10), directly enters revivifier (2).

2. the technique realizing high agent-oil ratio in catalytic cracking unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: gas-solid heat exchange device (4) is any type of gas-solid heat exchange device, high temperature regeneration agent is flowed with fluidized state and is carried out heat exchange with main air air in gas-solid heat exchange device (4).

3. the technique realizing high agent-oil ratio in catalytic cracking unit according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: cold and hot regenerator mixing tank (9) and cold and hot main air air mixer (10) are pot type or tubular type; when cold and hot regenerator mixing tank (9) and cold and hot main air air mixer (10) are tubular types, cold and hot particle or cold and hot main air air can mixed heat transfers in the duct.

4. the technique realizing high agent-oil ratio in catalytic cracking unit according to claim 1, is characterized in that: this technique adapts to various raw material, improves intermingled dregs ratio.

5. the technique realizing high agent-oil ratio in catalytic cracking unit according to claim 1, is characterized in that: this technique is applicable to heavy feed stock.