CN102559241B - Novel process for realizing catalytic cracking with large catalyst-oil ratio - Google Patents

Abstract

A process for catalytic cracking of bulk oil and heavy oil. By introducing a solid-solid heat exchanger (4) between the regenerator (2) and the riser reactor (3), the heat generated by cooling the regenerant is used for heating The spent agent is returned to the regenerator (2), so that the reaction temperature in the regenerator (2) can be maintained under the condition of a large agent-to-oil ratio operation, so that the regeneration process can proceed normally, the regeneration efficiency can be ensured, and the heat balance of the whole device can be maintained to realize The maximum solvent-oil ratio stabilizes the operation, increases the slag mixing ratio, and increases the liquid yield of the device, thereby improving the benefit of the device.

Description

A process for realizing catalytic cracking with large dose-to-oil ratio

technical field

The invention relates to a new process for realizing catalytic cracking with a large ratio of fuel to oil, which can maintain the regeneration temperature in a regenerator to ensure regeneration efficiency and keep the heat balance of the whole system under the operating condition of a large ratio of fuel to fuel. By realizing the stable operation of a large agent-to-oil ratio, the device can be adapted to heavy raw materials and the liquid yield of the device can be increased. the

Background technique

Using a large catalyst-to-oil ratio in the catalytic cracking process can increase the average activity of the catalyst in the catalytic reaction process, thereby increasing the yield of the target product and significantly improving the benefit of the unit. When the catalytic cracking unit is operated with a large ratio of catalyst to oil, in order to ensure the reaction temperature required by the process, the regenerant must be cooled down. At present, the commonly used method is to use an external heat extractor to exchange heat between the regenerant and water (steam), cool down the regenerant, generate water vapor, and incorporate it into the steam pipe network. the

With the increase of the agent-oil ratio, the heat removed by the external heat extractor gradually increases. This part of the heat is used to generate water vapor and enter the steam pipe network, and will not return to the regeneration system. When the amount of raw agent increases, the thermal balance of the regeneration system cannot be maintained, resulting in a drop in the regeneration temperature, a reduction in the regeneration efficiency, and even the process cannot be performed normally, so the increase in the agent-oil ratio is limited. So far, there is no effective method to greatly increase the ratio of fuel to oil in catalytic cracking units. the

Contents of the invention

The invention proposes a new process that can greatly increase the catalyst-to-oil ratio of the catalytic cracking unit, cool the regenerated catalyst, and return the heat obtained by cooling the regenerated agent to the regeneration system, so that a higher regeneration temperature can be maintained, and it can be used in large Under the condition of solvent-to-oil ratio, the heat balance between the regenerator and the reactor operating at a large solvent-to-oil ratio is maintained to ensure the normal progress of the regeneration process and the entire high-solvent-to-oil ratio operation process, thereby increasing the liquid yield of the device and improving the efficiency of the device. the

The new process proposed by the present invention can flexibly adjust the ratio of agent to oil, and can realize a large ratio of agent to oil. The upper limit of the ratio of agent to oil is only restricted by the residual carbon value of the oil, which is suitable for various raw materials, especially for heavy raw materials, so that it can Unleash the full potential of your device. the

The present invention proposes to take out the excess heat of the regenerant and return it to the regenerator to realize a new process of a large agent-to-oil ratio on the catalytic cracking unit, which is characterized in that: between the regenerator (2) and the riser reactor (3) Introduce a heat exchange device - solid heat exchanger (4), hot and cold regenerated agent mixer (9) and hot and cold regenerated agent mixer (10), and introduce the high temperature regenerated agent from the regenerated agent inlet (6) The solid-solid heat exchanger (4), the low-temperature spent agent is introduced into the solid-solid heat exchanger (4) from the spent agent inlet (5), and the high-temperature regenerated agent flows in the solid-solid heat exchanger (4) in a fluidized state And exchange heat with the low-temperature regenerated agent in fluidized state, so that the temperature of the high-temperature regenerated agent drops to the lower temperature required for the reaction of large agent-to-oil ratio, and then flows out through the cooling regenerated agent outlet (7) and enters the riser reactor (3) Carry out the operation of large agent-oil ratio, at the same time the temperature of the low-temperature spent agent is then raised, and the heated spent agent flows out through the heated spent agent outlet (8), and enters the regenerator (2) for regeneration, and the heated spent agent enters When the regenerator (2) is used, the heat obtained by heat exchange is brought into the regeneration system, thereby maintaining a relatively high reaction temperature in the regenerator (2), ensuring regeneration efficiency, maintaining the heat balance of the entire system, and improving device efficiency; The heat brought back by the air to the regenerator (2), after maintaining the suitable regeneration temperature of the regenerator, enters the smoke machine energy recovery system with the high-temperature flue gas to generate electricity, which will also produce certain economic benefits; the heat that enters the solid heat exchanger (4) The amount of high-temperature regenerated catalyst and the amount of low-temperature standby catalyst can be part or all, and the ratio of introduction can be adjusted according to needs, so the ratio of catalyst to oil can be flexibly adjusted. When part of the high-temperature regenerated catalyst enters the solid-solid heat exchanger (4), the lower-temperature regenerated agent after cooling is drawn from the cooling regenerated agent outlet (7), and mixed with the uncooled high-temperature regenerated agent in the cold and hot regenerated agent Mix in the reactor (9) and exchange heat to the lower temperature required for the reaction of large agent-to-oil ratio, and then enter the riser reactor (3) to realize the catalytic cracking reaction process of large agent-to-oil ratio; when part of the low-temperature spent agent When entering the solid-solid heat exchanger (4), the heated spent agent is drawn out from the heated spent agent outlet (8), and then enters the regenerator (2) alone or with the unheated low-temperature spent agent in the hot and cold awaited After being mixed in the agent mixer (10), it enters the regenerator (2) for regeneration; when all the high-temperature regenerated catalyst amount enters the solid-solid heat exchanger (4), the regenerant that reaches the requirement of a large agent-to-oil ratio reaction temperature after cooling does not Then enter the hot and cold regenerant mixer (9), and directly enter the riser reactor (3); The raw agent mixer (10) directly enters the regenerator (2). the

The new process for realizing catalytic cracking with a large dose-to-oil ratio is characterized in that: the solid-solid heat exchanger (4) is any form of solid-solid (particle fluidized) heat exchanger, and the high-temperature regeneration agent and the low-temperature standby agent are respectively It flows and exchanges heat in the solid-solid heat exchanger (4) in a fluidized state. the

The new process for realizing catalytic cracking with a large ratio of oil to oil is characterized in that: the hot and cold regenerant mixer (9) and the hot and cold standby agent mixer (10) are tank or tubular, when the hot and cold regenerated When the agent mixer (9) and the cold and hot spent agent mixer (10) are tubular, the hot and cold regenerated agent or the cold and heated spent agent can be mixed and exchanged in the pipeline. the

The new process for realizing catalytic cracking with a large dosage-to-oil ratio is characterized in that: the process is applicable to all catalytic cracking units, is suitable for various raw materials, and can increase the slag mixing ratio. the

The new process for realizing catalytic cracking with a large ratio of oil to oil is characterized in that the process is especially suitable for heavy raw materials. the

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a new process for realizing catalytic cracking with a large dosage-to-oil ratio. the

In Fig. 1, 1. settler, 2. regenerator, 3. riser reactor, 4. solid-solid heat exchanger, 5. inlet of spent agent, 6. inlet of regenerant, 7. outlet of cooling regenerant, 8 .Heating spent agent outlet, 9. Cold and hot regenerated agent mixer, 10. Cold and hot spent agent mixer. the

Detailed ways

The new process of realizing catalytic cracking with large fuel oil ratio on the device according to the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods do not limit the scope of the present invention. the

With reference to Fig. 1, between regenerator (2) and riser reactor (3), introduce a heat exchange device---solid-solid heat exchanger (4), cold and hot regeneration agent mixer (9) and cold and hot standby agent mixer (10), the high-temperature regenerated agent is introduced into the solid-solid heat exchanger (4) from the regenerated agent inlet (6), and the low-temperature spent agent is introduced into the solid-solid heat exchanger (4) from the spent agent inlet (5) , the high-temperature regenerant flows in the solid-solid heat exchanger (4) in a fluidized state and exchanges heat with the low-temperature standby agent in a fluidized state, so that the temperature of the high-temperature regenerant is lowered to that required for the large agent-to-oil ratio reaction low temperature, then flows out through the outlet of the cooling regenerant (7), and enters the riser reactor (3) to carry out the operation of a large agent-oil ratio; at the same time, the temperature of the low-temperature spent agent is raised, and the warming-up spent agent passes through the heating-up spent agent The outlet (8) flows out and enters the regenerator (2) for regeneration. When the temperature rises and the spent agent enters the regenerator (2), the heat obtained by heat exchange is brought into the regeneration system, thereby maintaining a relatively high reaction temperature in the regenerator (2) , to ensure the regeneration efficiency, under the condition of high ratio of fuel to oil, maintain the thermal balance of the whole system, and improve the efficiency of the device; the heat brought back to the regenerator (2) by the heated main wind air, after maintaining the appropriate regeneration temperature of the regenerator, With the high-temperature flue gas entering the energy recovery system of the smoke machine to generate electricity, certain economic benefits will also be generated; the amount of high-temperature regenerated catalyst and the amount of low-temperature standby catalyst entering the solid-solid heat exchanger (4) can be part or all. The ratio of the regenerant is adjusted according to the needs, so the oil ratio of the regulator is flexible; when part of the high-temperature regenerated catalyst enters the solid-solid heat exchanger (4), the regenerated agent with a lower temperature after cooling is drawn from the cooling regenerated agent outlet (7), Mix with the uncooled high-temperature regenerant in the hot and cold regenerant mixer (9) and exchange heat to the lower temperature required for the large-dose-oil ratio reaction, and then enter the riser reactor (3) to achieve large-dose oil Ratio catalytic cracking reaction process; when part of the low-temperature spent agent enters the solid-solid heat exchanger (4), the heated spent agent is drawn from the heated spent agent outlet (8), and then enters the regenerator (2) or Enter the regenerator (2) for regeneration after being mixed with the low-temperature spent agent that has not been heated up in the hot and cold spent agent mixer (10); Finally, the regenerant that reaches the requirement of the reaction temperature of large agent-to-oil ratio no longer enters the hot and cold regenerant mixer (9), and directly enters the riser reactor (3); , the spent catalyst after the temperature rise does not enter the hot and cold spent agent mixer (10), but directly enters the regenerator (2). the

With reference to Fig. 1, solid-solid heat exchanger (4) is solid-solid (particle fluidization) heat exchanger of any form, and high-temperature regeneration agent and low-temperature standby agent are in fluidized state respectively in solid-solid heat exchanger (4) flow and exchange heat. . the

With reference to Fig. 1, hot and cold regenerant mixer (9) and hot and cold degenerated agent mixer (10) are tank type or tube type, when cold and hot regenerated agent mixer (9) and cold and hot degenerated agent mix When the device (10) is tubular, the hot and cold regeneration agent or the hot and cold regeneration agent can mix and exchange heat in the pipeline. the

The above new process can take out the excess heat carried by the high-temperature regenerated catalyst and return it to the regeneration system, so that all the heat generated during the regeneration process is used to maintain the temperature balance of the regeneration system under the condition of large catalyst circulation, and enters the riser reactor All of them are well-regenerated catalysts with high activity and uniformity. The heat brought back to the regenerator (2) by the warming-up standby agent, after maintaining the appropriate regeneration temperature of the regenerator, enters the energy recovery system of the smoke machine with the high-temperature flue gas to generate electricity, which will also generate certain economic benefits. the

The new process for realizing catalytic cracking with a large dosage-to-oil ratio proposed by the invention is applicable to all catalytic cracking devices, and is suitable for various raw materials, can increase the slag mixing ratio, and is especially suitable for heavy raw materials. the

Claims (5)

1. one kind realizes the technique of high agent-oil ratio catalytic cracking, it is characterized in that: at revivifier (2) and riser reactor (3) admittedly between introduce a heat-exchanger rig---admittedly interchanger (4), cold and hot regenerator mixing tank (9) and cold and hot spent agent mixing tank (10), high temperature regeneration agent is introduced interchanger (4) admittedly from regenerant inlet (6), low temperature spent agent is introduced interchanger (4) admittedly from spent agent entrance (5), high temperature regeneration agent is being consolidated flowing in interchanger (4) with fluidized state and is carrying out heat exchange with the low temperature spent agent of fluidized state, make the temperature of high temperature regeneration agent drop to high agent-oil ratio reaction needed for lesser temps, then flowed out by cooling regenerator outlet (7), enter the operation that riser reactor (3) carries out high agent-oil ratio, the temperature of low temperature spent agent then raises simultaneously, intensification spent agent is flowed out by intensification spent agent outlet (8), enter revivifier (2) regeneration, when intensification spent agent enters revivifier (2), heat heat exchange obtained brings regeneration system rapidly into, thus maintains temperature of reaction higher in revivifier (2), ensures regeneration efficiency, keep whole system thermal equilibrium, improve device benefit, taken back the heat of revivifier (2) by the main air air heated up, after the appropriate regeneration temperature maintaining revivifier, enter the generating of cigarette machine energy-recuperation system with high-temperature flue gas, also will produce certain economic benefit, enter high-temperature regenerated catalyst amount and the low temperature reclaimable catalyst amount of interchanger (4) admittedly, be part or all, the ratio of introducing is adjusted by valve as required, thus flexible agent-oil ratio, when part high-temperature regenerated catalyst amount enter admittedly interchanger (4) time, the regenerator that temperature after cooling is lower is drawn from cooling regenerator outlet (7), with uncooled high temperature regeneration agent mix in the cold and hot regenerator mixing tank (9) also heat exchange to high agent-oil ratio react needed for lesser temps, then riser reactor (3) is entered, to realize the catalytic cracking reaction process of high agent-oil ratio, when part low temperature spent agent enter admittedly interchanger (4) time, spent agent after intensification is drawn from intensification spent agent outlet (8), then enters separately revivifier (2) or enter revivifier (2) after mixing in cold and hot spent agent mixing tank (10) with the low temperature spent agent do not heated up to regenerate, when whole high-temperature regenerated catalyst amount all enter admittedly interchanger (4) time, the regenerator reaching the requirement of high agent-oil ratio temperature of reaction after cooling no longer enters cold and hot regenerator mixing tank (9), directly enters riser reactor (3), when whole reclaimable catalyst all enter admittedly interchanger (4) time, the reclaimable catalyst after intensification does not enter cold and hot spent agent mixing tank (10), directly enters revivifier (2).

2. the technique realizing high agent-oil ratio catalytic cracking according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: admittedly admittedly interchanger (4) is any type of interchanger admittedly, high temperature regeneration agent and low temperature spent agent flow with fluidized state and carry out heat exchange respectively in interchanger (4) admittedly.

3. the technique realizing high agent-oil ratio catalytic cracking according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: cold and hot regenerator mixing tank (9) and cold and hot spent agent mixing tank (10) are pot type or tubular type, when cold and hot regenerator mixing tank (9) and cold and hot spent agent mixing tank (10) are tubular types, cold and hot regenerator or cold and hot spent agent can mixed heat transfers in the duct.

4. the technique realizing high agent-oil ratio catalytic cracking according to claim 1, is characterized in that: this technique is applicable to all catalytic cracking unit, and adapts to various raw material, can improve intermingled dregs ratio.

5. the technique realizing high agent-oil ratio catalytic cracking according to claim 1, is characterized in that: this technique is applicable to heavy feed stock.