CN102557338A - Method for treating rural domestic sewage - Google Patents
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- CN102557338A CN102557338A CN2011104143674A CN201110414367A CN102557338A CN 102557338 A CN102557338 A CN 102557338A CN 2011104143674 A CN2011104143674 A CN 2011104143674A CN 201110414367 A CN201110414367 A CN 201110414367A CN 102557338 A CN102557338 A CN 102557338A
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- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 241000216843 Ursus arctos horribilis Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009916 joint effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
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Abstract
本发明公开一种农村生活污水处理方法。它是以细格栅为预处理工艺，去除污水中大的杂物，采用平流式沉淀池对污水去除悬浮物的预处理，为后续好氧滤床工艺提供良好工艺条件，微动力好氧滤床是将太阳能微动力装备与好氧滤床技术有机结合，系统由太阳能提供曝气动力，滤床内设置级配填料层，实现废水的低耗高效处理。具体流程为：经过细格栅后的污水进入平流式沉淀池，平流式沉淀池出水进入微动力好氧滤床系统进行处理，出水CODcr、NH3-N及TP能达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》（GB18918-2002）的一级B标准。采用本发明可以提高生活污水的处理效率和处理程度，而且占地面积较小、运行成本也较低。
The invention discloses a method for treating domestic sewage in rural areas. It uses fine grids as a pretreatment process to remove large impurities in sewage, and uses a flat flow sedimentation tank to pretreat sewage to remove suspended solids, providing good process conditions for the subsequent aerobic filter bed process. Microdynamic aerobic filtration The bed is an organic combination of solar micro-power equipment and aerobic filter bed technology. The system provides aeration power from solar energy, and a graded packing layer is set in the filter bed to realize low-consumption and high-efficiency treatment of wastewater. The specific process is: the sewage after passing through the fine grid enters the advection sedimentation tank, and the effluent of the advection sedimentation tank enters the micro-dynamic aerobic filter bed system for treatment. Level 1 B standard of the "Emission Standards for Waste" (GB18918-2002). The treatment efficiency and treatment degree of domestic sewage can be improved by adopting the invention, and the occupied area is small, and the operation cost is also low.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉环保工程领域，尤其是涉及一种农村生活污水处理方法。 The invention relates to the field of environmental protection engineering, in particular to a method for treating domestic sewage in rural areas.
背景技术 Background technique
农村生活污水不经处理的肆意排放，可造成地表水径流的严重污染，还可污染水源水质，增加城市的供水风险和处理成本，并造成农村生活用水困难。但与此同时，由于受自然条件的限制，农村生活污水具有分散、不易收集的特点，大范围的铺设污水收集管网较为困难，使得农村生活污水不能纳入大型集中污水处理厂集中进行处理，只能因地制宜寻找较为适合的农村生活污水处理方法。 The indiscriminate discharge of rural domestic sewage without treatment can cause serious pollution of surface water runoff, and can also pollute water source water quality, increase water supply risks and treatment costs in cities, and cause difficulties in rural domestic water use. But at the same time, due to the limitation of natural conditions, rural domestic sewage is scattered and difficult to collect, and it is difficult to lay a large-scale sewage collection pipe network, so that rural domestic sewage cannot be included in large-scale centralized sewage treatment plants for centralized treatment. Be able to find a more suitable rural domestic sewage treatment method according to local conditions.
目前，农村生活污水处理工艺多采用无动力厌氧沼气技术或是无动力厌氧沼气与传统人工湿地的组合工艺，对于前者，工艺具有较好的有机污染物去除效果，但对生活污水中含有的氮、磷去除效果不明显，出水排入环境水体依然可引起富营养化污染问题；对于后者，在人工湿地填料、微生物及植物的共同作用下，组合工艺对废水中的氮、磷污染物具有较好的去除效果，但占地面积较大、净化效率较低、湿地系统运行受气候变化影响大等。 At present, the rural domestic sewage treatment process mostly adopts non-powered anaerobic biogas technology or the combination process of non-powered anaerobic biogas and traditional constructed wetland. For the former, the process has a good effect on the removal of organic pollutants, but it is harmful to domestic sewage. The nitrogen and phosphorus removal effect is not obvious, and the discharge of effluent into the environmental water body can still cause eutrophication pollution; for the latter, under the joint action of artificial wetland fillers, microorganisms and plants, the combined process can reduce the nitrogen and phosphorus pollution in wastewater It has a good removal effect, but it occupies a large area, the purification efficiency is low, and the operation of the wetland system is greatly affected by climate change.
平流式沉淀池能去除污水中含有的大部分悬浮物，消除悬浮物后续好氧生态滤床工艺的影响，好氧滤床工艺利用好氧微生物的生物降解和填料的过滤、截留作用去除有机和氮、磷污染物，效果和效率都明显优于人工湿地系统，针对好氧滤床工艺曝气产生的能耗问题，将太阳能技术应用于该好氧滤床系统，为系统的曝气设备提供动力，从而解决了系统运行的成本问题。 The advection sedimentation tank can remove most of the suspended solids contained in the sewage and eliminate the influence of the suspended solids on the subsequent aerobic ecological filter bed process. The aerobic filter bed process uses the biodegradation of aerobic microorganisms and the filtration and retention of fillers to remove organic and The effect and efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants are significantly better than those of the constructed wetland system. Aiming at the energy consumption problem caused by the aeration of the aerobic filter bed process, the solar energy technology is applied to the aerobic filter bed system to provide aeration equipment for the system. power, thereby solving the cost problem of system operation.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于解决现有农村生活污水处理效果较差，占地面积较大，运行费用较高的问题，提供一种治污效率高，运行成本低，环境效益好的农村生活污水处理方法。 The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of poor treatment effect, large floor area and high operation cost in the existing rural domestic sewage, and provide a rural domestic sewage treatment method with high pollution control efficiency, low operation cost and good environmental benefits .
农村生活污水处理方法是：农村生活污水进入带有细格栅的沟渠，水经过沟渠的流速为0.5-0.7m/s，水经过细格栅的流速为0.6-0.8m/s，人工清理栅渣， The treatment method of rural domestic sewage is: rural domestic sewage enters the ditches with fine grids, the flow rate of water passing through the ditches is 0.5-0.7m/s, the flow rate of water passing through the fine grids is 0.6-0.8m/s, and the grids are manually cleaned scum,
经细格栅预处理去除粗大杂物后的农村生活污水流入平流式沉淀池，平流式沉淀池分为2组，交替并联运行，污水在单组平流式沉淀池中的水力停留时间为6-10h，水平流速为5-7 mm/s，表面负荷为0.35 -0.60m3/m2·h，平流式沉淀池产生的污泥1-2个月清理一次，清理出来的污泥作为有机农肥施用；经平流式沉淀池去除污水中含有的悬浮物后，农村生活污水进入微动力好氧滤床，微动力好氧滤床进水端底部水平设有均匀布水管，水流方向为垂直流，微动力好氧滤床底部水平设有布气装置，布气装置与太阳能微动力曝气装置相连，微动力好氧滤床溶解氧浓度为2-4mg/L，在距布气装置上方20-30cm处设置承托层，承托层上均匀布置直径为10-20mm的圆形通气孔，相邻孔的中心距离为40-50mm，在承托层上部设置填料，填料为石料、砂、陶粒的混合物，太阳能微动力曝气装置包括太阳能电池板、蓄电池、鼓风机，废水在微动力好氧滤床的水力停留时间为8-16h；微动力好氧滤床出水CODcr、NH3-N及TP能达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》（GB18918-2002）的一级B标准。 The rural domestic sewage after fine grid pretreatment to remove coarse debris flows into the advection sedimentation tank. The advection sedimentation tank is divided into 2 groups, which are operated in parallel alternately. The hydraulic retention time of sewage in a single set of advection sedimentation tank is 6- 10h, the horizontal flow rate is 5-7 mm/s, the surface load is 0.35-0.60m3/m2 h, the sludge generated in the advection sedimentation tank is cleaned once every 1-2 months, and the cleaned sludge is used as organic fertilizer; After the suspended solids contained in the sewage are removed by the advection sedimentation tank, the rural domestic sewage enters the micro-dynamic aerobic filter bed, and the bottom of the water inlet end of the micro-dynamic aerobic filter bed is equipped with uniformly distributed water pipes, and the water flow direction is vertical flow. The bottom of the aerobic filter bed is horizontally equipped with an air distribution device, which is connected to the solar micro-power aeration device. The dissolved oxygen concentration of the micro-power aerobic filter bed is 2-4mg/L, at a distance of 20-30cm above the air distribution device Set up a supporting layer, evenly arrange circular air holes with a diameter of 10-20mm on the supporting layer, the distance between the centers of adjacent holes is 40-50mm, set the filler on the upper part of the supporting layer, the filler is stone, sand, ceramsite Mixture, the solar micro-power aeration device includes solar panels, batteries, blowers, the hydraulic retention time of wastewater in the micro-power aerobic filter bed is 8-16h; the micro-power aerobic filter bed effluent CODcr, NH3 -N and TP can It has reached the first-class B standard of "Pollutant Discharge Standards for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants" (GB18918-2002).
所述的细格栅倾斜安装，细格栅倾斜角度为45-60度，细格栅栅条间隙为16-25mm。所述的平流式沉淀池采用砖砌或混凝土结构，平流式沉淀池表面为长方形。所述的布气装置为单孔膜布气器或微孔陶瓷布气器。所述的石料是卵石、沸石、砾石中的一种或几种的混合物，石料粒径大小为20-50mm。 The fine grid is installed obliquely, the inclination angle of the fine grid is 45-60 degrees, and the gap between the grid bars of the fine grid is 16-25mm. The advection sedimentation tank adopts a brick or concrete structure, and the surface of the advection sedimentation tank is rectangular. The air distribution device is a single-hole membrane air distributor or a microporous ceramic air distributor. The stone material is one or a mixture of pebbles, zeolite and gravel, and the particle size of the stone material is 20-50mm.
本发明采用平流式沉淀池与太阳能微动力好氧滤床为核心组合工艺来处理农村生活污水，具有处理效率高，处理效果好，运行费用低的特点。平流式沉淀池去除了农村生活污水中大量的悬浮物，有效消除了悬浮物对后续生态滤床场起运行的影响；太阳能微动力好氧滤床采用太阳能作为曝气的动力，降低了运行的成本，滤床内设置的级配填料对废水中的污染物有良好的过滤和截留作用，同时吸附在填料上的微生物在好氧条件下也能对污染物进行进一步的生物降解和净化。因此，本发明与现有技术相比，明显提高了废水的处理程度和效率，出水CODcr、NH3-N及TP能达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》（GB18918-2002）的一级B标准，同时降低了运行成本，基本不需要外加电耗，具有处理工艺简单、管理方便、净化效率高、运行费用低的特点。 The invention adopts the advection sedimentation tank and the solar energy micro-power aerobic filter bed as the core combination process to treat rural domestic sewage, and has the characteristics of high treatment efficiency, good treatment effect and low operation cost. The advection sedimentation tank removes a large amount of suspended solids in rural domestic sewage, effectively eliminating the impact of suspended solids on the subsequent operation of the ecological filter bed; Cost, the graded packing set in the filter bed has a good filtering and intercepting effect on the pollutants in the wastewater, and at the same time, the microorganisms adsorbed on the packing can also further biodegrade and purify the pollutants under aerobic conditions. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the present invention significantly improves the degree and efficiency of waste water treatment, and the effluent CODcr, NH 3 -N and TP can reach the first level of "Pollutant Discharge Standards for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants" (GB18918-2002) B standard, while reducing operating costs, basically does not require additional power consumption, has the characteristics of simple treatment process, convenient management, high purification efficiency, and low operating costs.
附图说明 Description of drawings
附图为农村生活污水处理方法流程图。 The accompanying drawing is a flow chart of the rural domestic sewage treatment method.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
如附图所示，农村生活污水处理方法是：农村生活污水进入带有细格栅的沟渠，水经过沟渠的流速为0.5-0.7m/s，水经过细格栅的流速为0.6-0.8m/s，人工清理栅渣，经细格栅预处理去除粗大杂物后的农村生活污水流入平流式沉淀池，平流式沉淀池分为2组，交替并联运行，污水在单组平流式沉淀池中的水力停留时间为6-10h，水平流速为5-7 mm/s，表面负荷为0.35 -0.60m3/m2·h，平流式沉淀池产生的污泥1-2个月清理一次，清理出来的污泥作为有机农肥施用；经平流式沉淀池去除污水中含有的悬浮物后，农村生活污水进入微动力好氧滤床，微动力好氧滤床进水端底部水平设有均匀布水管，水流方向为垂直流，微动力好氧滤床底部水平设有布气装置，布气装置与太阳能微动力曝气装置相连，微动力好氧滤床溶解氧浓度为2-4mg/L，在距布气装置上方20-30cm处设置承托层，承托层上均匀布置直径为10-20mm的圆形通气孔，相邻孔的中心距离为40-50mm，在承托层上部设置填料，填料为石料、砂、陶粒的混合物，太阳能微动力曝气装置包括太阳能电池板、蓄电池、鼓风机，废水在微动力好氧滤床的水力停留时间为8-16h；微动力好氧滤床出水CODcr、NH3-N及TP能达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》（GB18918-2002）的一级B标准。 As shown in the attached picture, the rural domestic sewage treatment method is: rural domestic sewage enters the ditches with fine grids, the flow velocity of water passing through the ditches is 0.5-0.7m/s, and the flow velocity of water passing through the fine grids is 0.6-0.8m /s, the grid slag is manually cleaned, and the rural domestic sewage after fine grid pretreatment to remove coarse debris flows into the advection sedimentation tank. The advection sedimentation tank is divided into 2 groups, which are operated in parallel alternately. The hydraulic retention time in the tank is 6-10h, the horizontal flow rate is 5-7 mm/s, the surface load is 0.35-0.60m3/m2 h, and the sludge generated in the horizontal flow sedimentation tank is cleaned once every 1-2 months. The sludge is used as organic fertilizer; after the suspended solids contained in the sewage are removed by the advection sedimentation tank, the rural domestic sewage enters the microdynamic aerobic filter bed, and the bottom of the microdynamic aerobic filter bed is equipped with uniform water distribution pipes horizontally. The water flow direction is vertical flow, and the bottom of the micro-dynamic aerobic filter bed is equipped with an air distribution device, which is connected to the solar micro-dynamic aeration device. The dissolved oxygen concentration of the micro-dynamic aerobic filter bed is 2-4mg/L A support layer is set 20-30cm above the air distribution device, and circular ventilation holes with a diameter of 10-20mm are evenly arranged on the support layer, and the center distance between adjacent holes is 40-50mm. It is a mixture of stone, sand, and ceramsite. The solar micro-power aeration device includes solar panels, batteries, and blowers. The hydraulic retention time of wastewater in the micro-power aerobic filter bed is 8-16h; the micro-power aerobic filter bed effluent CODcr , NH 3 -N and TP can meet the first-level B standard of "Pollutant Discharge Standards for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants" (GB18918-2002).
所述的细格栅倾斜安装，细格栅倾斜角度为45-60度，细格栅栅条间隙为16-25mm。所述的平流式沉淀池采用砖砌或混凝土结构，平流式沉淀池表面为长方形。所述的布气装置为单孔膜布气器或微孔陶瓷布气器。所述的石料是卵石、沸石、砾石中的一种或几种的混合物，石料粒径大小为20-50mm。 The fine grid is installed obliquely, the inclination angle of the fine grid is 45-60 degrees, and the gap between the grid bars of the fine grid is 16-25mm. The advection sedimentation tank adopts a brick or concrete structure, and the surface of the advection sedimentation tank is rectangular. The air distribution device is a single-hole membrane air distributor or a microporous ceramic air distributor. The stone material is one or a mixture of pebbles, zeolite and gravel, and the particle size of the stone material is 20-50mm.
本发明采用平流式沉淀池与太阳能微动力好氧滤床为核心组合工艺来处理农村生活污水，具有处理效率高，处理效果好，运行费用低的特点。平流式沉淀池去除了农村生活污水中大量的悬浮物，有效消除了悬浮物对后续生态滤床长期运行的影响；太阳能微动力好氧滤床采用太阳能作为曝气的动力，降低了运行的成本，滤床内设置的级配填料对废水中的污染物有良好的过滤和截留作用，同时吸附在填料上的微生物在好氧条件下也能对污染物进行进一步的生物降解和净化。因此，本发明与现有技术相比，明显提高了废水的处理程度和效率，出水CODcr、NH3-N及TP能达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》（GB18918-2002）的一级B标准，同时降低了运行成本，基本不需要外加电耗，具有处理工艺简单、管理方便、净化效率高、运行费用低的特点。 The invention adopts the advection sedimentation tank and the solar energy micro-power aerobic filter bed as the core combination process to treat rural domestic sewage, and has the characteristics of high treatment efficiency, good treatment effect and low operation cost. The advection sedimentation tank removes a large amount of suspended solids in rural domestic sewage, effectively eliminating the impact of suspended solids on the long-term operation of the subsequent ecological filter bed; the solar micro-power aerobic filter bed uses solar energy as the power of aeration, which reduces the operating cost , the graded packing set in the filter bed has a good filtering and intercepting effect on the pollutants in the wastewater, and at the same time, the microorganisms adsorbed on the packing can also further biodegrade and purify the pollutants under aerobic conditions. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the present invention significantly improves the degree and efficiency of waste water treatment, and the effluent CODcr, NH 3 -N and TP can reach the first level of "Pollutant Discharge Standards for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants" (GB18918-2002) B standard, while reducing operating costs, basically does not require additional power consumption, has the characteristics of simple treatment process, convenient management, high purification efficiency, and low operating costs.
农村生活污水包括经清污分流的由排水管网收集的生活污水和未经清污分流的地表径流污水，流入细格栅预处理单元，废水在流经细格栅的过程中，由于细格栅的拦截作用，废水中的杂物和大颗粒污染物被截流在格栅进水的前端成为栅渣，由人工根据积累的栅渣量定时清理。 Rural domestic sewage includes the domestic sewage collected by the drainage pipe network that has been cleaned and diverted, and the surface runoff sewage that has not been cleaned and diverted, and flows into the fine grid pretreatment unit. The interception function of the grid, the sundries and large-particle pollutants in the wastewater are intercepted at the front end of the grid inlet and become grid slag, which is cleaned manually according to the accumulated grid slag amount.
经过细格栅预处理后的农村生活污水，进入平流式沉淀池进行沉淀处理。平流式沉淀池去除了农村生活污水中大量的悬浮物，有效消除了悬浮物对后续生态滤床长期运行的影响；平流式沉淀池采用分组设计，交替运行，有利于平流式沉淀池的人工清理污泥，清理出来的污泥含有有机质，作为有机农肥施用。 Rural domestic sewage after fine grid pretreatment enters the advection sedimentation tank for sedimentation treatment. The advection sedimentation tank removes a large amount of suspended matter in rural domestic sewage, effectively eliminating the impact of suspended matter on the long-term operation of the subsequent ecological filter bed; the advection sedimentation tank adopts a group design and operates alternately, which is conducive to the manual cleaning of the advection sedimentation tank Sludge, the cleaned sludge contains organic matter and is used as organic fertilizer.
经平流式沉淀池去除污水中的大部分悬浮物，消除悬浮物后续好氧生态滤床工艺的影响后，农村生活污水经均匀布水管进入微动力好氧滤床。微动力好氧滤床在底部设有布气装置，布气装置与太阳能微动力曝气装置相连，太阳能微动力曝气装置包括太阳能电池板、蓄电池、鼓风机，太阳能电池板将太阳能转化为电能，蓄电池将多余的电能储存起来作为备用，鼓风机将空气送入布气装置，太阳能微动力曝气装置为布气装置提供曝气动力和曝气气源。布气装置上方设置有承托层，承托层上均匀布置有圆形通气孔，同时在承托层上部设置石料、砂、陶粒的混合物填料。 农村生活污水在微动力好氧滤床内，一方面由于填料的作用，微动力好氧滤床内微生物量较多，在曝气环境下，好氧微生物通过好氧生物降解和生物同化过程将农村生活污水中的大部分污染物去除；另一方面，由于受到填料的物理截流和化学吸附作用，农村生活污水将得到进一步的净化。最终微动力好氧滤床出水的CODcr、NH3-N及TP能达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》（GB18918-2002）的一级B标准。 Most of the suspended solids in the sewage are removed by the flat-flow sedimentation tank, and the influence of the suspended solids on the subsequent aerobic ecological filter bed process is eliminated. Rural domestic sewage enters the micro-dynamic aerobic filter bed through uniform distribution pipes. The micro-power aerobic filter bed is equipped with an air distribution device at the bottom. The air distribution device is connected to the solar micro-power aeration device. The solar micro-power aeration device includes solar panels, batteries, and blowers. The solar panels convert solar energy into electrical energy. The battery stores the excess electric energy as a backup, the blower sends air into the air distribution device, and the solar micro-power aeration device provides aeration power and aeration air source for the air distribution device. A supporting layer is arranged above the air distribution device, and circular ventilation holes are evenly arranged on the supporting layer, and a mixture of stone, sand and ceramsite is set on the upper part of the supporting layer. Rural domestic sewage is in the microdynamic aerobic filter bed. On the one hand, due to the effect of fillers, there are more microbial biomass in the microdynamic aerobic filter bed. In an aerated environment, aerobic microorganisms will decompose Most of the pollutants in rural domestic sewage are removed; on the other hand, due to the physical interception and chemical adsorption of fillers, rural domestic sewage will be further purified. In the end, the CODcr, NH3-N and TP of the effluent from the microdynamic aerobic filter bed can reach the first-class B standard of the "Pollutant Discharge Standards for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants" (GB18918-2002).
实施例1 Example 1
农村生活污水进入带有细格栅的沟渠，水经过沟渠的流速为0.5m/s，水经过细格栅的流速为0.6m/s，人工清理栅渣，经细格栅预处理去除粗大杂物后的农村生活污水流入平流式沉淀池，平流式沉淀池分为2组，交替并联运行，污水在单组平流式沉淀池中的水力停留时间为6h，水平流速为5 mm/s，表面负荷为0.35m3/m2·h，平流式沉淀池产生的污泥1个月清理一次，清理出来的污泥作为有机农肥施用；经平流式沉淀池去除污水中含有的悬浮物后，农村生活污水进入微动力好氧滤床，微动力好氧滤床进水端底部水平设有均匀布水管，水流方向为垂直流，微动力好氧滤床底部水平设有布气装置，布气装置与太阳能微动力曝气装置相连，微动力好氧滤床溶解氧浓度为2mg/L，在距布气装置上方20cm处设置承托层，承托层上均匀布置直径为10mm的圆形通气孔，相邻孔的中心距离为40mm，在承托层上部设置填料，填料为石料、砂、陶粒的混合物，太阳能微动力曝气装置包括太阳能电池板、蓄电池、鼓风机，废水在微动力好氧滤床的水力停留时间为8h；微动力好氧滤床出水CODcr、NH3-N及TP能达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》（GB18918-2002）的一级B标准。 Rural domestic sewage enters ditches with fine screens. The flow rate of water passing through the ditches is 0.5m/s, and the flow rate of water passing through the fine screens is 0.6m/s. The rural domestic sewage after treatment flows into the advection sedimentation tank. The advection sedimentation tank is divided into two groups, which are operated alternately and in parallel. The load is 0.35m3/m2 h, and the sludge produced by the horizontal flow sedimentation tank is cleaned once a month, and the cleaned sludge is used as organic fertilizer; after the suspended solids contained in the sewage are removed by the horizontal flow sedimentation tank, the rural domestic sewage Enter the micro-dynamic aerobic filter bed, the bottom of the water inlet end of the micro-dynamic aerobic filter bed is equipped with uniform water distribution pipes, the water flow direction is vertical flow, and the bottom of the micro-dynamic aerobic filter bed is horizontally equipped with an air distribution device, the air distribution device and solar energy The micro-dynamic aeration device is connected, the dissolved oxygen concentration of the micro-dynamic aerobic filter bed is 2mg/L, and a support layer is set 20cm above the air distribution device, and circular ventilation holes with a diameter of 10mm are evenly arranged on the support layer. The distance between the centers of adjacent holes is 40mm, and a filler is set on the upper part of the supporting layer. The filler is a mixture of stone, sand, and ceramsite. The solar micro-power aeration device includes solar panels, batteries, and blowers. The waste water is in the micro-power aerobic filter bed. The hydraulic retention time is 8h; the effluent CODcr, NH 3 -N and TP of the microdynamic aerobic filter bed can meet the first-class B standard of the "Pollutant Discharge Standards for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants" (GB18918-2002).
实施例2 Example 2
农村生活污水进入带有细格栅的沟渠，水经过沟渠的流速为0.7m/s，水经过细格栅的流速为0.8m/s，人工清理栅渣，经细格栅预处理去除粗大杂物后的农村生活污水流入平流式沉淀池，平流式沉淀池分为2组，交替并联运行，污水在单组平流式沉淀池中的水力停留时间为10h，水平流速为7 mm/s，表面负荷为0.60m3/m2·h，平流式沉淀池产生的污泥2个月清理一次，清理出来的污泥作为有机农肥施用；经平流式沉淀池去除污水中含有的悬浮物后，农村生活污水进入微动力好氧滤床，微动力好氧滤床进水端底部水平设有均匀布水管，水流方向为垂直流，微动力好氧滤床底部水平设有布气装置，布气装置与太阳能微动力曝气装置相连，微动力好氧滤床溶解氧浓度为4mg/L，在距布气装置上方30cm处设置承托层，承托层上均匀布置直径为20mm的圆形通气孔，相邻孔的中心距离为50mm，在承托层上部设置填料，填料为石料、砂、陶粒的混合物，太阳能微动力曝气装置包括太阳能电池板、蓄电池、鼓风机，废水在微动力好氧滤床的水力停留时间为16h；微动力好氧滤床出水CODcr、NH3-N及TP能达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》（GB18918-2002）的一级B标准。 Rural domestic sewage enters ditches with fine screens. The flow velocity of water passing through ditches is 0.7m/s, and the flow rate of water passing through fine screens is 0.8m/s. Manually clean the grid slag, and pre-treat with fine screens to remove coarse impurities. The rural domestic sewage after treatment flows into the advection sedimentation tank. The advection sedimentation tank is divided into two groups, which are operated alternately and in parallel. The load is 0.60m3/m2 h, and the sludge produced by the advection sedimentation tank is cleaned once every two months. The cleaned sludge is used as organic fertilizer; Enter the micro-dynamic aerobic filter bed, the bottom of the water inlet end of the micro-dynamic aerobic filter bed is equipped with uniform water distribution pipes, the water flow direction is vertical flow, and the bottom of the micro-dynamic aerobic filter bed is horizontally equipped with an air distribution device, the air distribution device and solar energy The micro-dynamic aeration device is connected, the dissolved oxygen concentration of the micro-dynamic aerobic filter bed is 4mg/L, a supporting layer is set 30cm above the air distribution device, and circular ventilation holes with a diameter of 20mm are evenly arranged on the supporting layer. The distance between the centers of adjacent holes is 50mm, and a filler is set on the upper part of the supporting layer. The filler is a mixture of stone, sand, and ceramsite. The solar micro-power aeration device includes solar panels, batteries, and blowers. The waste water is in the micro-power aerobic filter bed The hydraulic retention time is 16h; the effluent CODcr, NH 3 -N and TP of the microdynamic aerobic filter bed can reach the first-class B standard of the "Pollutant Discharge Standard for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants" (GB18918-2002).
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Application publication date: 20120711 |