CN102557263B - Method for treating nitrobenzene and phenylamine waste water by using plant system - Google Patents
Method for treating nitrobenzene and phenylamine waste water by using plant system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102557263B CN102557263B CN2012100092447A CN201210009244A CN102557263B CN 102557263 B CN102557263 B CN 102557263B CN 2012100092447 A CN2012100092447 A CN 2012100092447A CN 201210009244 A CN201210009244 A CN 201210009244A CN 102557263 B CN102557263 B CN 102557263B
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- willow
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for treating nitrobenzene and phenylamine waste water by using a plant system. The method is characterized in that plants are planted on dry land, low-lying land, wet land, intertidal zone and marsh land. The waste water is introduced through a pipeline, and in addition, the nitrobenzene and phenylamine contaminants are absorbed and enriched under the effect of plants. Through the tests, poplars, willows, locust trees, wheatgrass and reed have high enriching coefficients on nitrobenzene and phenylamine and can be used for efficiently removing contaminant substances, and the problem of nitrobenzene and phenylamine waste water pollution is solved. The method has the advantages that the investment and operation cost is low, the maintenance is simple, the engineering quantity is small, and good effects of preserving soil and water, conserving soil and beautifying the landscape environment are realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of water and pollute treatment technology, specifically nitrobenzene and amino benzene analog waste water are rendered on the soil of plantation plant, pollutent is by the holding back, adsorb of the soil organism, particle, microbial population and root system of plant in the waste water, afterwards again by plant absorbing, enrichment to accelerate to remove nitrobenzene and the phenyl amines pollutent in the waste water.
Background technology
Nitrobenzene and amino benzenes compounds are widely used in the production of medicine, agricultural chemicals, dyestuff, explosive and other relevant Chemicals.These compounds have that toxicity is big, the characteristics of difficult degradation, can retain and accumulate in the environment midium or long term, can also enter human body and other organism by respiratory tract suction or skin absorption and food chain system, cause neurological symptom, anaemia and liver sufferer etc., the health of the serious threat mankind and other organism has been classified as the strict environmental pollutant of controlling both at home and abroad.
Nitrobenzene and amino benzenes compounds enter water body, can cause water pollution.At present, the main methods of p-nitrophenyl class and phenyl amines pollutant effluents has both at home and abroad: organic solvent extractionprocess, absorption method, supercritical water oxidation method, micro-electrolysis method, the ozone oxidation method, anaerobic process, biochemistry～materialization combined method, leave standstill biochemical process, nanotechnology ... these technology have many purifying treatment that have been successfully applied to nitrobenzene and amino benzene analog waste water, and can reach more than 90% to the removal treatment effect of pollutent, but there is the processing cost height in these methods, the control condition complexity, because of byproduct or the chemical reaction generation of material secondary pollution problems own, the facility building process also exists the drawback that upsets natural ecological environment simultaneously.In addition, although aforesaid method has very high treatment effect, but still there is the part pollutent to discharge with waste water, flows into the river, even the water that permeates the ground; Perhaps enter soil, accumulate, enter in the higher organism body with food chain, cause serious toxic action.
Therefore seek a cover more economically rationally and the technological method of the nitrobenzene of environmental protection and amino benzene analog waste water purifying treatment be the important topic of pendulum in face of the scientific worker.
Summary of the invention
In view of above-mentioned, the present invention proposes a kind of method of utilizing botanical system treatment of Nitrobenzene class and amino benzene analog waste water.The acid-basicity of at first improving the soil, plant plant on the place then, waste water is rendered on the place of plantation plant, last plant from the soil, absorb in large quantities and enrichment waste water in pollutent, final pollutent security landfill behind plant harvesting, thus reach the purpose of nitrobenzene and phenyl amines pollutant removal, wastewater treatment.
Be the better purifying treatment that realizes nitrobenzene and amino benzene analog waste water, technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of method of utilizing botanical system treatment of Nitrobenzene class and amino benzene analog waste water comprises:
A. the acid-basicity of improving the soil
Be alkaline soil to nonirrigated farmland, depression, wetland, beach, swampland, use the particle natural fertilizer-barnyard manure in small, broken bits that becomes thoroughly decomposed, amount of application is 2 tons/mu; Acid soil is used carbonate lime modifying agent, and carbonate lime modifying agent amount of application is 0.1～0.25 ton/mu, up to soil pH be 6～7 or pH be 7;
B. the plantation of willow, willow, Chinese scholartree, wheatgrass and reed
With willow, willow, Chinese scholartree, wheatgrass miscegenation in above-mentioned nonirrigated farmland, depression, beach on the ground: willow, willow, Chinese scholartree line-spacing * spacing in the rows are 5 * 5 meters, and tree is the drilling wheatgrass down, and the wheatgrass drill spacing is 15～25 centimetres, and the planting seed amount is 1.2～1.5 kilograms/mu;
Choosing the reed seedling after tillering, the reed seedling is tripped out from the Tanaka that grows seedlings, is that 1m * 1m plants by seeding row spacing, 3～5 strains of every cave, and plantation is in wetland, swampland;
C. waste water pouring.
Lay water pipe and water distributor on nonirrigated farmland, depression, beach, wetland, the swampland, draw the evenly pouring regularly of nitrobenzene-containing and amino benzene analog waste water: watering time for watering once to November April then in per 10 days, and water the water yield is 50m at every turn
3/ mu;
D. plant treatment
The fallen leaves of willow, willow, Chinese scholartree, branch are collected the back security landfill; Wheatgrass and reed cradle security landfill after finishing annual vegetative period in November.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
(1) on nonirrigated farmland, depression, wetland, beach, marsh, by the comparison to willow, weeping willow, Chinese scholartree, bedleaf cherry plum, red building, elm, reed, wheatgrass, Herba Setariae Viridis, the plantation of mountain buckwheat 10 kind of plant, wherein, willow, willow, Chinese scholartree, wheatgrass, reed 5 kind of plant have very strong patience and concentration effect to pollutent, Folium Populi Pseudo-simonii is 8130 to the coefficient of concentration of phenyl amines, and the coefficient of concentration of branch of poplar p-nitrophenyl compounds is 182.Illustrate that the xylophyta root system is dark, can absorb, enrichment nonirrigated farmland, depression, beach deep subsoil pollutent; Grass wheatgrass root system is more shallow, can absorb, enrichment nonirrigated farmland, depression, beach soil shallow-layer pollutent; The waterplant reed can be handled pollutent in wetland, the marsh.
(2) appliable plant of the present invention system removes pollutants in waste water matter, and purifying treatment is effective.The soil organism, particle, microbial population and root system of plant complicated in the system form holding back, precipitate, adsorbing pollutent; The plant of planting on the place absorbs and the enrichment pollutent from the soil more in large quantities then, absorbs and is enriched to pollutent in the plant materials through the plant collection and security landfill after cradling.
(3) botanical system processing cost of the present invention is cheap, and initial cost is economized, and working cost is low; Move easyly, the energy is saved in easy handling management, in case set up, can steady in a long-term move.
(4) the whole scavenging process of the plant treatment of sewage belongs to the nature biological process among the present invention, can also can not produce new pollution substance in the process of purifying waste water as existing treatment process; By utilizing environment and natural condition, the strengthened artificial regulation measure can be obtained satisfied nitrobenzene and amino benzene analog waste water treatment effect, significantly reduces investment, working cost and energy consumption; Play important effect for improving regional eco-environmental quality.
On the whole: investment of the present invention and maintenance cost are low, and construction is little, are easy to operational management; Do not produce secondary pollution, do not destroy the ecological functions in soil, and to conserve water and soil, fixing soil and beautify view and have good effect.Be a kind of practicality, low cost, easy care, nitrobenzene and amino benzene analog waste water treatment technology simple to operate.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the content reduction value change curve after every month of nitrobenzene class pollutant in the soil of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the content reduction value change curve after every month of phenyl amines pollutent in the soil of the present invention;
Embodiment
Below by embodiment technical scheme of the present invention is further described again:
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of utilizing botanical system treatment of Nitrobenzene class and amino benzene analog waste water comprises:
A. the acid-basicity of improving the soil
Be alkaline soil to nonirrigated farmland, depression, wetland, beach, swampland, use the particle natural fertilizer-barnyard manure in small, broken bits that becomes thoroughly decomposed.Barnyard manure is the collected manure of cattle and sheep pig bird, and amount of application is 2 tons/mu; Acid soil is used carbonate lime modifying agent, and carbonate lime modifying agent amount of application is 0.2 ton/mu, is 7 up to soil pH;
B. the plantation of willow, willow, Chinese scholartree, wheatgrass and reed
With willow, willow, Chinese scholartree, wheatgrass miscegenation in above-mentioned nonirrigated farmland, depression, beach on the ground: willow, willow, Chinese scholartree line-spacing * spacing in the rows are 5 * 5 meters, and tree is the drilling wheatgrass down, and drill spacing is 20 centimetres, and the planting seed amount is 1.2 kilograms/mu;
Choosing the reed seedling after tillering, reed seedling (before germinateing) is tripped out from the Tanaka that grows seedlings, is that 1m * 1m plants by seeding row spacing, 3～5 strains of every cave, and plantation is in wetland, swampland;
C. waste water pouring.
Lay water pipe and water distributor on nonirrigated farmland, depression, wetland, beach, the swampland, draw nitrobenzene-containing and amino benzene analog waste water and regularly evenly water the soil: watering time for watering once to November April then in per 10 days, and water the water yield is 50m at every turn
3/ mu.
D. plant treatment
The fallen leaves of willow, willow, Chinese scholartree, branch are collected the back security landfill; Wheatgrass and reed cradle security landfill after finishing annual vegetative period in November.
Experimental example 1
Test willow, weeping willow, Chinese scholartree, bedleaf cherry plum, red building, elm, reed, wheatgrass, Herba Setariae Viridis, mountain buckwheat 10 kind of plant are to absorption, the concentration effect of nitrobenzene in the soil and phenyl amines two pollutants
The present invention was implanted in willow, weeping willow, Chinese scholartree, bedleaf cherry plum, red building, elm, wheatgrass, Herba Setariae Viridis, mountain buckwheat on the nonirrigated farmland respectively in March, 2010, reed planting is on swampland, gather soil and plant stem-leaf, root, branch sample November, measure each plant materials internal contamination substrate concentration increment after 8 months, calculate coefficient of concentration, the results are shown in Table 1:
The different plants of table 1 are to absorption, the concentration effect of two pollutants in the soil
As can be seen from Table 1, plant in the object at 10 kinds, willow, willow, Chinese scholartree, wheatgrass, reed plant p-nitrophenyl class and phenyl amines have very high bioaccumulation efficiency, and coefficient of concentration is 10
1～10
3In the order of magnitude scope.Wherein Folium Populi Pseudo-simonii is 8130 to the coefficient of concentration of phenyl amines, and the coefficient of concentration of branch of poplar p-nitrophenyl compounds is 182; The wheatgrass cauline leaf is 924 to the coefficient of concentration of phenyl amines, and the coefficient of concentration of wheatgrass cauline leaf p-nitrophenyl compounds is 61.
Experimental example 2
The test plants Different Ways of Planting is to the pollutant in soil removal effect
The present invention plants nonirrigated farmland and the single swampland of planting reed of willow, willow, Chinese scholartree, wheatgrass respectively at list in May, 2010～November, reach the nonirrigated farmland of miscegenation willow, willow, Chinese scholartree, wheatgrass, gather upper soll layer 20cm place sample, pollutant load in the phase pedosphere before and after measuring, relatively change, and calculate plant to the remediation efficiency of pollutant in soil, the results are shown in Table 2, table 3:
Table 2 plant Different Ways of Planting is to the pollutant in soil removal effect
As can be seen from Table 2, the single kind of plant planted different to the pollutant in soil removal effect with miscegenation on the place.Willow, willow, Chinese scholartree, wheatgrass, p-nitrophenyl class remediation efficiency was 29.4%～35.3% when reed 5 kind of plant were planted separately, remediation efficiency to phenyl amines is 24.6%～30.3%, and the remediation efficiency of p-nitrophenyl class and phenyl amines has raising after the mixed planting, is respectively 38.1% and 35.7%.Explanation will be higher than independent plantation to the remediation efficiency plant mixed planting of pollutent.
Pollutant in soil content changing conditions tabulation in time behind table 3 plant growing
From table 3 also as can be seen, under the Different Ways of Planting of single kind and miscegenation, pollutant in soil content increases in time and successively decreases;
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 be respectively single plant and the miscegenation planting patterns under nitrobenzene class pollutant, phenyl amines pollutent content reduction value variable quantity graphic representation after every month in the soil.
As seen from Figure 1, Figure 2, under the different plant growing modes in the soil nitrobenzene and phenyl amines pollutant load reduction value change and present the trend that raises and afterwards reduce earlier: soil nitrobenzene-containing and phenyl amines pollution in 6～July object height, and plant is in early growth period, biomass is lower, absorption enriching quantity to pollutent is lower, so the ability of stage phytoremediation is lower, make that pollutant in soil content reduction value is lower; 8～October, soil nitrobenzene-containing and phenyl amines pollutent were low, and plant is in the growth animated period, and biomass is higher, and be higher to the absorption enriching quantity of pollutent, so the ability of stage phytoremediation is higher, makes that pollutant in soil content reduction value is higher; Though November, soil nitrobenzene-containing and phenyl amines pollutent were low, though phytomass is high, plant is in the senescence phase of growing, and is low to the absorption enriching quantity of pollutent, so the ability of stage phytoremediation is lower, makes that pollutant in soil content reduction value is lower.From Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 as can be seen, pollutant load reduction value all is higher than single kind of mode under the miscegenation mode, illustrates that also the miscegenation pattern has higher remediation efficiency than single kind of pattern to pollutent.
Experimental example 3
On the test site after the different wheatgrass planting seed amounts wheatgrass growth to the pollutant in soil removal effect.
The pollutant load 20cm place, earth top layer that fetches earth measures, and the results are shown in Table 4:
The removal effect of table 4 wheatgrass application rate and pollutent
Find out from the result of table 4, first the increasing afterwards of application rate increase pollutent remediation efficiency with the wheatgrass seed reduces, when application rate is 1.2～1.5kg/ mu, wheatgrass can more effectively cover the face of land, from soil, draw pollutent better, the pollutent of pouring in the soil had draw more efficiently and remediation efficiency, so wheatgrass planting seed amount is advisable with 1.2～1.5kg/ mu
Experimental example 4
Test different waste water irrigation amounts to the influence of deep subsoil pollution substance infiltration capacity, the results are shown in Table 5:
Detect data and show that nitrobenzene compounds concentration is 0～2.0mg/L in the waste water, mean value is 0.58mg/L; Amino benzenes compounds concentration is 0.05～1.40mg/L, and mean value is 0.28mg/L.Different 4 groups experiments of Site Design sewage quantities are every other day taken a sample and are detected the content of pollutent in each layer of soil, to observe Transfer Depth and the content of pollutent in soil under the different waste water usage quantitys.
Deep subsoil pollutant load result of variations in time during the different irrigation amount of table 5
As shown in Table 5,60m
3/ mu water consumption the time, detect pollutent at the 6th, 8 day pedosphere 100cm～120cm, and 30,40,50m
3Pedosphere 100cm～120cm does not detect pollutent during the water consumption of/mu, therefore is the efficient repairing performance of performance botanical system, avoids pollutent to infiltrate below the 100cm pedosphere simultaneously, and selecting best water consumption is 50m
3/ mu.
Experimental example 5
Test different waste water irrigation amounts and the number of times that waters to wheatgrass output and to the influence of pollutent remediation efficiency, see Table 6:
The present invention June to August, set up 3 water consumptions, be respectively 40m
3/ mu, 50m
3/ mu and 60m
3/ mu; Watered waste water once in 5 days, 10 days and 15 days at interval, continue 90 days, finish the back and measure wheatgrass output, pedosphere pollutant load and three indexs of remediation efficiency.
Table 6 difference water the water yield and the number of times that waters to wheatgrass output and to the influence of pollutent remediation efficiency
Table 6 is enumerated data presentation, and along with the increase of waste water consumption, wheatgrass output increases, and the repair rate of pollutent is also increasing.Pouring 50m
3With 60m
3Wastewater flow rate, wheatgrass output is close, the pollutent repair rate is also close, but watered at interval the contaminated wastewater thing in 5 days the phenomenon of infiltrating the 100cm deep soil is arranged; Along with the increase pollutent repair rate of watering waste water interval fate all is to increase afterwards earlier to reduce.Finally relatively draw each waste water consumption 50m
3/ mu, pouring 10 days experimental result at interval are optimum: pollutent does not infiltrate the 100cm deep soil, and remediation efficiency the best of pollutent.
Claims (1)
1. method of utilizing botanical system treatment of Nitrobenzene class and amino benzene analog waste water is characterized in that:
A. the acid-basicity of improving the soil
Be alkaline soil to nonirrigated farmland, depression, beach, use the particle natural fertilizer-barnyard manure in small, broken bits that becomes thoroughly decomposed, amount of application is 2 tons/mu; Acid soil is used carbonate lime modifying agent, and carbonate lime modifying agent amount of application is 0.1～0.25 ton/mu, is 6～7 up to soil pH;
B. the plantation of willow, willow, Chinese scholartree and wheatgrass
With willow, willow, Chinese scholartree, wheatgrass miscegenation in above-mentioned nonirrigated farmland, depression, beach on the ground: willow, willow, Chinese scholartree line-spacing * spacing in the rows are 5 * 5 meters, and tree is the drilling wheatgrass down, and the wheatgrass drill spacing is 15～25 centimetres, and the planting seed amount is 1.2～1.5 kilograms/mu;
C. waste water pouring
Lay water pipe and water distributor on nonirrigated farmland, depression, the beach, draw the evenly pouring regularly of nitrobenzene-containing and amino benzene analog waste water: watering time for watering once to November April then in per 10 days, and water the water yield is 50m at every turn
3/ mu;
D. plant treatment
The fallen leaves of willow, willow, Chinese scholartree, branch are collected the back security landfill; Wheatgrass cradles security landfill after finishing annual vegetative period in November.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN102151692A (en) * | 2011-04-13 | 2011-08-17 | 兰州大学 | Method for repairing nitrobenzene compound contaminated soil by utilizing flax |
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| CN104445625A (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2015-03-25 | 重庆文理学院 | Application of ludwigia octovalvis to treatment of rural combined domestic wastewater |
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