CN102557016A - Anthracite graphitization process - Google Patents
Anthracite graphitization process Download PDFInfo
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- CN102557016A CN102557016A CN2011103681699A CN201110368169A CN102557016A CN 102557016 A CN102557016 A CN 102557016A CN 2011103681699 A CN2011103681699 A CN 2011103681699A CN 201110368169 A CN201110368169 A CN 201110368169A CN 102557016 A CN102557016 A CN 102557016A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an anthracite graphitization process which is carried out in an Acheson graphitization furnace. The temperature in the Acheson graphitization furnace can be uniformly distributed by adjusting heat-insulating material compositions and a feeding mode; the temperature in the Acheson graphitization furnace is higher under the same heating condition and the thermal utilization rate of resistance is high; compared with a conventional process, energy consumption is effectively reduced; the obtained graphitized anthracite product has the advantages of low contents of ash, low sulfur, nitrogen and phosphor, low specific resistivity, high true density, high graphitized degree, stable quality and excellent physical and chemical indexes; the quality index reaches the breaking index of graphite; and the obtained graphitized anthracite product is suitable for being used as a raw material of a high-blast furnace carbon block, an electric furnace carbon block and an aluminum electrolysis cell carbon block. The anthracite graphitization process disclosed by the invention is lower in cost, can be used for realizing large-scale production and has higher economic benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the hard coal graphitization technique.
Background technology
Need a large amount of greying raw materials that use at carbonaceous products such as carbon electrode, charcoal paste classes at present.Yet the greying raw material of supply mainly is the tankage that the extremely unsettled Graphite Electrodes processing of graphited refinery coke and quality is produced in the market.These unstable product quality, supply is less.Therefore scale operation goes out higher-grade, the good greying product of physical and chemical index becomes problem demanding prompt solution.
Hard coal has the characteristics of carbon content height, compact structure, and is cheap, in large supply characteristics.The object of the invention is to provide the high-quality greying of a kind of stably manufactured anthracitic graphitization technique.With respect to the common graphite goods, the greying hard coal quality of this explained hereafter is even, physical and chemical index is good.
Technical purpose of the present invention realizes through following scheme:
A kind of hard coal graphitization technique; Be to carry out at acheson furnace; Prior to laying the furnace bottom bed of material in the stove, in stove, pack into then and treat graphited hard coal, before heating up in the stove; Place insulation material in the combustion chamber outside, said insulation material is pressed (2～3) by coke powder and silica sand: the volume ratio of (7～8) mixes.
In greying production operation technological process, shove charge is crucial, is the guarantee of product greying effect quality.Technology of the present invention is compared with traditional technology, does not add resistance material during shove charge, produces heat but make electric current directly flow through the hard coal bed of material, makes that the thermo-efficiency in the stove is higher.And hard coal belongs to amorphous carbon; Its greying complexity is between easy greying and difficult greying; Neither have easy graphitized charcoal structure (be prone to the parent organism of graphitized charcoal causes carbon through molten state in graphitizing process macromolecular mass near parallel to each other, and the macromolecular mass that is one group of group carbon parallel to each other substantially under graphited high temperature easily through further arranging formation graphite crystalline network); (difficult graphitized charcoal generally without molten state, and contains the micro-pore that accounts for TV 20% ~ 50% greatly in graphitizing process, the necessary aspect shape of the greying macromolecular mass of this type of hole resistance charcoal approaching not have the structure of difficult graphitized charcoal again; And make the basal spacing of basal spacing) much larger than the graphite lattice; Technology utilization acheson furnace of the present invention makes the hard coal greying, and the interior temperature of stove is higher under the identical heating condition, and resistance heat is imitated the utilization ratio height; Effectively reduce compared to the common process energy consumption; The greying hard coal product that obtains hang down ash, low-sulfur, low nitrogen, low phosphorus content, lower than resistance, true density is high, degree of graphitization is high, and steady quality, physical and chemical index are good; Quality index is broken near graphite, is suitable as the raw material of carbon block for blast furnace, electric furnace charcoal piece and aluminium electrolytic cell cathode charcoal piece.
Further, said furnace burdening is pressed (2～3) by coke powder and silica sand: the volume ratio of (7～8) mixes, and the furnace burdening layer thickness is generally 700～900mm.
Further, said when treating graphited hard coal shove charge, be in stove, to lay anthracite coal measure and graphite type material layer successively, anthracite coal measure and graphite type material interlayer are at a distance from being provided with, and the anthracite coal measure and the total number of plies of graphite type material layer are 3 ~ 7 layers.Anthracite coal measure and graphite layers can ensure at a distance from laying send electricity evenly during greying, makes the greying uniform in quality simultaneously.
Further, said anthracite coal measure is at least three layers.The number of plies very little, then raw material resistance is excessive, in graphitizing process, can't form conductive path, causes occurring dead stove.The number of plies is too many, and then raw material resistance is too small, and production process thermo-efficiency is low, and power consumption is big, and cost raises.
Further, the hard coal shove charge finishes before the intensification of back, lays one deck insulation bed of material in the top of the superiors' material.
Further, the hard coal greying is temperature required to be 2500 ℃ ~ 3000 ℃, is incubated 20 ~ 40 hours after being warming up to said temperature in the stove, stops heating then, and the reaction of hard coal greying finishes, required greying hard coal.The too short greying product degree of graphitization that might make of graphitization time is not enough, and overlong time increases current consumption, and the production cycle prolongs.
Need to prove that the said combustion chamber of this technology outside is meant that combustion chamber is to the space between the acheson furnace stove inwall.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Technology of the present invention is carried out the hard coal greying in acheson furnace, through regulating charging method and charge composition, make that the interior temperature distribution of graphitizing furnace is even more and thermo-efficiency is higher.The interior temperature of stove is higher under the identical heating condition; It is high that resistance heat is imitated utilization ratio, effectively reduces compared to the common process energy consumption, the greying hard coal product that obtains hang down ash, low-sulfur, hangs down nitrogen, low phosphorus content, lower than resistance, true density is high; Degree of graphitization is high; And steady quality, physical and chemical index are good, and quality index is broken near graphite, is suitable as the raw material of carbon block for blast furnace, electric furnace charcoal piece and aluminium electrolytic cell cathode charcoal piece; Explained hereafter greying hard coal product cost of the present invention is lower, and can realize scale operation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the XRD figure spectrum of 1mm ~ 5mm granularity product of embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 is the XRD figure spectrum of 1mm ~ 5mm granularity product of embodiment 2;
Fig. 3 is the XRD figure spectrum of 1mm ~ 5mm granularity product of embodiment 3.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail.
Device: acheson furnace
Before the greying, record hard coal sulphur content 2% (wt%), ash oontent and be that 5% ~ 9% (wt%), fugitive constituent contain is 5% ~ 10% (wt%).
Embodiment 1:
Furnace burdening is formed: the coke powder of 3:7 volume ratio and the compound of silica sand;
Insulation material is formed: the coke powder of 3:7 volume ratio and the compound of silica sand.
Before the hard coal shove charge, prior to laying furnace burdening in the burner hearth, 150mm place under bed material laying to first row's conductive electrode.Tamp with the plate vibration machine then; (the furnace burdening compacting is in order to prevent the furnace bottom sedimentation) surrounds 2500mm highly furnace wall plate with three with plate in the burner hearth abutment wall is inboard again, and the anthracite coal measure of the regional laying depth 400mm between the furnace wall plate and compacting afterwards continues to lay the also compacting of graphite bisque that weight is 5t above it; Then laying depth 650mm gets anthracite coal measure and compacting; Continue to establish graphite bisque and the compacting that weight is 5t on it, hard coal 500mm and compacting are continued to lay in this graphite bisque top, lay 3t graphite bisque and compacting on it; The back top layer that finishes continues the hard coal and the compacting of shop 300mm thickness; So far, pulverized anthracite is all laid and is finished, and the accumulative total total height is 2.20m.
Put into insulation material again in the combustion chamber outside, said insulation material is formed by coke powder and the silica sand mixed by the 3:7 volume ratio, fills it up with the back and extracts the charging three-ply-wood gradually, and laying depth is the insulation bed of material of 700mm above said top layer simultaneously.
The direct current heating that the rectifier transformer that the conductive exothermal core imports through burner stove tail conductive electrode is supplied with; Make furnace temperature be elevated to 2500 ℃ ~ 2540 ℃, behind the insulation 30h, force cooling 4 days (forcing cooling is to adopt the water spray); Unload stove, obtain required graphited hard coal.
Record the physical and chemical index such as the table 1 of products obtained therefrom
Above-mentioned product is XRD figure spectrum, concrete outcome such as Fig. 1.
Among Fig. 1; The graphic representation of the top is the XRD figure spectrum of present embodiment sample, and intermediate table is that code is that 23-0064 (being graphite) and code are the XRD standard spectrogram of 08-0415 (being blacklead shape graphite) in the standard card, and the below form is that the thing phase card of XRD analysis software operation interface display is tabulated; Compound Name representes thing phase title in the table; Ref.Code representes code, and RIR representes that with reference to strength ratio, SemiQuant representes peak width at half; Plumbago representes graphite, and Graphite representes blacklead shape graphite.Below each embodiment method for expressing identical with present embodiment.
From the data of table 1 and in the anthracitic XRD figure spectrum of Fig. 1 different grain size greying, can see; After the scale prodn of greying hard coal process acheson furnace, its physical and chemical index is good, degree of graphitization is high, this sample thing phase collection of illustrative plates (red part in the collection of illustrative plates); Going out the peak-to-peak position shows and to be respectively graphite (code: 23-0064), blacklead shape graphite (code: 08-0415); It is sharp-pointed spike that collection of illustrative plates demonstrates peak shape, and peak width at half is little, shows that thing phase crystallization degree is fine.
Press embodiment 1 operation, difference is that insulation material is pressed the mixed of 2:8 volume ratio by coke powder and silica sand; The Da Wendu of furnace temperature rising institute is 2960 ~ 3000 ℃, soaking time 40h, and insulation finishes the back and adopts the water under the room temperature to spray cooling 7 days; Unload stove, unload stove, obtain required graphited hard coal; Record the physical and chemical index such as the table 2 of products obtained therefrom, product XRD figure spectrum is seen Fig. 2.
Among Fig. 2, Cliftonite representes that cliftonite Unnamed mineral is not clear mineral substance in the form of below.From the data of table 2 and in the anthracitic XRD figure spectrum of different grain size greying, can see; After the scale prodn of greying hard coal process acheson furnace; Its physical and chemical index is good, degree of graphitization is high, goes out in the collection of illustrative plates that the peak-to-peak position shows, (code: 41-1487), to compose peak shape be sharp-pointed spike to figure to cliftonite simultaneously; Peak width at half is little, shows that thing phase crystallization degree is fine.
Embodiment 3
Press embodiment 1 operation; Difference is, insulation material is pressed the mixed of 2.5:7.5 volume ratio by coke powder and silica sand, and the Da Wendu of furnace temperature rising institute is 2700-2730 ℃; Soaking time 40h; Insulation finishes the back and adopts the water under the room temperature to spray cooling 7 days, products obtained therefrom index such as table 3, and product XRD figure spectrum is seen Fig. 3.
From the data of table 3 and in the anthracitic XRD figure spectrum of Fig. 3 different grain size greying, can see; After the scale prodn of greying hard coal process acheson furnace; Its physical and chemical index is good, degree of graphitization is high, goes out the peak-to-peak position in the collection of illustrative plates and shows and to be respectively cliftonite (code: 34-0567), (code: 08-0415), to compose peak shape be sharp-pointed spike to figure to blacklead shape graphite simultaneously; Peak width at half is little, shows that thing phase crystallization degree is fine.
Need explanation at last; Above embodiment only is used to explain the technical scheme of the utility model and is unrestricted; Although specify, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that and to make amendment or be equal to replacement the technical scheme of the utility model with reference to the technical scheme of preferred embodiment to the utility model; And not breaking away from the aim and the scope of the utility model, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the protection domain of the utility model.
Claims (6)
1. hard coal graphitization technique; It is characterized in that: be to carry out at acheson furnace; Prior to laying the furnace bottom bed of material in the stove, in stove, pack into then and treat graphited hard coal, before heating up in the stove; Place insulation material in the combustion chamber outside, said insulation material is by coke powder and silica sand (2～3) by volume: the mixed of (7～8) forms.
2. hard coal graphitization technique according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said furnace burdening is pressed (2～3) by coke powder and silica sand: (7～8) volume ratio mixes.
3. hard coal graphitization technique according to claim 1 and 2; It is characterized in that: said when treating graphited hard coal shove charge; Be in stove, to lay anthracite coal measure and graphite type material layer successively; Anthracite coal measure and graphite type material interlayer are at a distance from being provided with, and the anthracite coal measure and the total number of plies of graphite type material layer are 3～7 layers.
4. hard coal graphitization technique according to claim 3 is characterized in that: said anthracite coal measure is at least 3 layers.
5. hard coal graphitization technique according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the hard coal shove charge finishes before the intensification of back, lays one deck insulation bed of material in the top of the superiors' material.
6. hard coal graphitization technique according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the hard coal greying is temperature required to be 2500 ℃～3000 ℃, is incubated 20～40 hours after being warming up to said temperature in the stove, stops heating then, required greying hard coal.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103160644A (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2013-06-19 | 北京中渣冶金技术有限公司 | Production device, preparation method and use method of low-nitrogen carburant for clean steel refining |
| CN105800596A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2016-07-27 | 常州大学 | Charging method of high-yield high-efficiency novel graphitizing furnace |
| CN106376121A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-02-01 | 河北顺天电极有限公司 | High-graphite carbon electrode and preparation method thereof |
| CN115259146A (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2022-11-01 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Catalytic anthracite graphitization method |
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| CN2414063Y (en) * | 2000-01-21 | 2001-01-10 | 武建国 | Interlinked inner heating graphitizing furnace |
| US20040115115A1 (en) * | 2002-09-06 | 2004-06-17 | Charles Miller | Vertical conveyor apparatus for high temperature continuous processing of materials |
| CN1724963A (en) * | 2005-06-14 | 2006-01-25 | 沈阳铝镁设计研究院 | Calcined coke graphitization method and calcined coke graphitization furnace |
| CN1834205A (en) * | 2006-04-12 | 2006-09-20 | 元氏县槐阳碳素有限公司 | Process for producing graphitizing petrol coke by Acheson graphitizing furnace |
| CN101665252A (en) * | 2009-09-23 | 2010-03-10 | 四川广汉士达炭素股份有限公司 | Method for subsidiarily producing graphitized anthracite by using graphitization furnace |
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Patent Citations (5)
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| CN2414063Y (en) * | 2000-01-21 | 2001-01-10 | 武建国 | Interlinked inner heating graphitizing furnace |
| US20040115115A1 (en) * | 2002-09-06 | 2004-06-17 | Charles Miller | Vertical conveyor apparatus for high temperature continuous processing of materials |
| CN1724963A (en) * | 2005-06-14 | 2006-01-25 | 沈阳铝镁设计研究院 | Calcined coke graphitization method and calcined coke graphitization furnace |
| CN1834205A (en) * | 2006-04-12 | 2006-09-20 | 元氏县槐阳碳素有限公司 | Process for producing graphitizing petrol coke by Acheson graphitizing furnace |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103160644A (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2013-06-19 | 北京中渣冶金技术有限公司 | Production device, preparation method and use method of low-nitrogen carburant for clean steel refining |
| CN105800596A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2016-07-27 | 常州大学 | Charging method of high-yield high-efficiency novel graphitizing furnace |
| CN105800596B (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2018-06-26 | 常州大学 | A kind of shove charge method of the graphitizing furnace of high-yield and high-efficiency |
| CN106376121A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-02-01 | 河北顺天电极有限公司 | High-graphite carbon electrode and preparation method thereof |
| CN106376121B (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2020-03-17 | 河北顺天电极有限公司 | High-graphite carbon electrode and preparation method thereof |
| CN115259146A (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2022-11-01 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Catalytic anthracite graphitization method |
| CN115259146B (en) * | 2022-07-15 | 2023-05-02 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Catalytic anthracite graphitization method |
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