CN102555315B - Thermoplastic composite board and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Thermoplastic composite board and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102555315B CN102555315B CN201210017549.2A CN201210017549A CN102555315B CN 102555315 B CN102555315 B CN 102555315B CN 201210017549 A CN201210017549 A CN 201210017549A CN 102555315 B CN102555315 B CN 102555315B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C70/46—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/15—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. extrusion moulding around inserts
- B29C48/154—Coating solid articles, i.e. non-hollow articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
- B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
- B29C48/21—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
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Abstract
The invention discloses a thermoplastic composite board and a manufacturing method thereof. The thermoplastic composite board has set lateral width, longitudinally and continuously extends, and is coiled into a roll or is cut into blocks. The thermoplastic composite board comprises an enhanced skeleton, wherein a thermoplastic material layer is covered out of the enhanced skeleton. The manufacturing method comprises the following steps: (1) leveling the surface bend of the continuously-conveyed enhanced skeleton, and carrying out unoiling and derusting processing; (2) heating the enhanced skeleton, coating conglutinant resin material, and forming a binding layer after the conglutinant resin material is solidified; (3) conveying the enhanced skeleton to a formed mould, extruding the thermoplastic material, and successively coating out of the binding layer to obtain the board; and (4) shaping the board to obtain the thermoplastic composite board. The thermoplastic composite board disclosed by the invention has equivalent strength and rigidity and equivalent buffer performance, and can achieve good safety protection effect. The manufacturing method has the advantages of high production efficiency, simple technology and low production cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of composite materials, relate to a kind of composite board and manufacture method thereof, particularly relate to a kind of thermoplastic composite board and manufacture method thereof.Thermoplastic composite board is applicable to large-scale place and goes along with sb. to guard him or traffic is gone along with sb. to guard him, and is mainly used in the security protection of livestock stable breeding, Large Residential District, highway, large scale industry base and large-scale public place of entertainment.
Background technology
In large-scale place is gone along with sb. to guard him and is gone along with sb. to guard him with traffic, need to use protective plate or guardrail, such as, for livestock stable breeding agriculturally, Large Residential District, highway, bridge, large scale industry base and the large-scale public place of entertainment anticollision facility as horse-racing ground, cycling track etc.
Go along with sb. to guard him for traffic, what mainly adopt is crash barrier for roads, is mainly used in the protection body of the both sides of quick road and bridge such as highway, bridge and centre.Existing crash barrier for roads adopts corrugated beam steeled protection fence substantially.This guardrail adopts corrugated cold-rolled steel sheet with 2 ~ 3 half-waves as guardrail board usually, this protective plate is mutually overlapped or mutually to be spliced by connector and by upright supports, or connect to form continuous print crash barrier for roads structure by obstruction block and column, and utilize the distortion of soil matrix, column, obstruction block, waveform protective plate progressively to absorb collision energy, force errant vehicle to change direction.But the easy corrosion of this steel guard rail material surface, its appearance poor, service life are short, also want regular full maintenance even if excellent, comprehensive cost and maintenance cost higher.And because the material hardness of steel guard rail is high, rigidity large, the time of contact making errant vehicle and steel guard rail plate bump against is short, and therefore energy absorption ability is poor, larger to the harm of vehicle and occupant.
So, based on the above-mentioned defect of steel guard rail, there is the guardrail board that " to mould Dai Gang " is made, namely adopt plastic guardrail to replace steel guard rail.As the Chinese patent " a kind of flexible road guardrail " that publication number is CN2350430A, disclose and adopt " B " font hollow-core construction of PE plastic material slush moulding to improve the damping and flexible of guardrail board.Publication number is that the Chinese patent " resin guardrail " of CN101023222A is disclosed and made by resin-molded, and the hollow honeycomb panel-shaped base body that wavy cross-section, cross rib are alternately arranged, makes guardrail board have higher-strength and shock-absorbing function.Above-mentioned guardrail board " to mould Dai Gang " although technical solution solves the easy corrosion of steel guard rail, appearance poor, service life is short, energy absorption ability is poor, the problem larger to the harm of vehicle and occupant, but accomplish to prevent vehicle from running off outside road, inevitable requirement guardrail has suitable mechanical strength and rigidity, just can keep out the collision of vehicle.Elastic modelling quantity due to plastics only has 1/200th of steel (if the elastic modelling quantity of carbon steel is at about 190000Mpa, the elastic modelling quantity of polyethylene (PE) is at about 800Mpa), the guardrail of this all-plastic structure just needs to consume more material just can reach the intensity that steel guard rail requires, therefore the volume of overall plastic guardrail is large, cost is very high, is unfavorable for promoting the use of.
" steel plastic compount " is another kind of solution.As the publication number Chinese patent " highway protecting fence made of composite material and production method thereof " that is CN1393600A propose in bury reinforcing bar or steel wire, and with the guardrail of unsaturated-resin, auxiliary material, glass fiber layer of cloth mold pressing compound.Publication number is the polymer material layer that the Chinese patent " Rad guard bar component " of CN2644499A proposes to pass through at steel plate or band steel the corrugated guardrail plate surface coverage compound extrusion moulding of clod wash machine-shaping.In the guardrail scheme of above-mentioned steel and plastic composite material, the mode of mold pressing compound cannot continuous seepage, causes production efficiency lower; At waveform steel guard rail plate surface extrusion molding, its technique comparatively complexity makes its cost increase.There is the problem of compatibility between what is more important plastic-steel bi-material, cause the peel strength between plastic-steel lower, easily because plastic-steel is separated in use with installation process, make guardrail board intensity and toughness deficiency, do not reach instructions for use and easily occur breakage; And the constriction coefficient that plastics and Steel material expand with heat and contract with cold is different, there will be Relative sliding between latter two of expanding with heat and contract with cold between plastic-steel material makes the composition surface of the two there is space, the inner steel of corrosion are entered from the breakage of material surface along the space on composition surface by causing moisture, reduce the service life of guardrail board, and cause potential safety hazard.And above-mentioned plastic-steel guardrail is all hard guardrail, or because of plastic-steel is easily separated can not rolling and bending, cause transport and store inconvenience, and because of guardrail board limited length, required accessory being installed more, making it install loaded down with trivial details.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, for the defect of prior art, provides a kind of and has good barrier propterty, reduces the thermoplastic composite board safeguarding, have between low, the material of the little cost of relative volume excellent compatibility.Thermoplastic protective plate of the present invention had not only had suitable strength and stiffness, but also had had suitable shock-absorbing capacity, can reach good security protection effect.
The technical problem that the present invention will solve further is, provide a kind of can continuous seepage, enhance productivity, technique is simple, production cost is low thermoplastic protective plate manufacture method.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of thermoplastic composite board, there is setting transverse width, longitudinal direction extend continuously and receive the sheet material made volume or cut into block, described thermoplastic composite plate comprises enhancing skeleton, is coated with layer of thermoplastic material at described enhancing skeleton, described layer of thermoplastic material is the unseparated three-decker that is combined with each other, be followed successively by from inside to outside and be bondingly attached to the binder course strengthened on skeleton, shock resistance and without the cushion of fragmentation and anti-aging wear-resisting overcoat, between described enhancing skeleton and layer of thermoplastic material, gapless is combined into one structure, under 20 DEG C ± 5 DEG C conditions, the peel strength strengthened between skeleton and layer of thermoplastic material is greater than 75N/cm, and described enhancing skeleton selects hot strength far above at least one section bar of layer of thermoplastic material longitudinally or/and transversely arrangedly to form, the described hot strength of enhancing skeleton is 1: 10 ~ 1: 100 with the ratio of the hot strength of layer of thermoplastic material, described binder course is resin of binding property material that is compatible with the chemical characteristic strengthening skeleton and cushion and that mutually bond, the coated described binder course of described cushion is outer and be made up of the macromolecular material of shock resistance without fragmentation, described overcoat is be compounded in the outer and macromolecular material with ageing resistace of cushion to make, the percentage by weight of described enhancing skeleton in thermoplastic composite board is 10% ~ 90%, described joint thickness is 0.1 ~ 0.25mm, described overcoat thickness is 0.8mm ~ 10mm, described buffer layer thickness is much larger than binder course and overcoat thickness separately, described buffer layer thickness is 10 ~ 200 times of described binder course and overcoat thickness separately.
The method of testing of described peel strength is:
A) layer of thermoplastic material is scratched in the same direction width be 15mm ~ 25mm, long more than 120mm rectangular, composition surface layer of thermoplastic material should drawn when scratching and strengthen between skeleton, and lever up one end.
B) by Material Testing Machine with the vertical layer of thermoplastic material surface of the speed being less than or equal to 12mm/min at the uniform velocity pull-up layer of thermoplastic material, record dynamometer numerical value.To survey the force value of time recording divided by the stripping width of layer of thermoplastic material, be peel strength, unit is N/cm.
In described thermoplastic composite board, described enhancing skeleton selects hot strength far above at least one section bar of layer of thermoplastic material longitudinally or/and transversely arrangedly to form; The described hot strength of enhancing skeleton is 1: 10 ~ 1: 150 with the ratio of the hot strength of layer of thermoplastic material.
The manufacture method of thermoplastic composite board, comprises the following steps:
(1), the enhancing skeleton surface curvature of continus convergence is carried out to leveling process, carries out degreasing and rust removal process to enhancing skeleton surface;
(2), then enhancing skeleton is heated, to enhancing skeleton surface coating resin of binding property material after heating, after solidification, form the binder course in layer of thermoplastic material; The temperature of described heating is 90 DEG C ~ 110 DEG C; The thickness of described binder course is 0.1 ~ 0.25mm.
(3), by the enhancing skeleton conveying being attached with binder course mould is placed in, and thermoplastic material is multi-layer co-extruded or extrude successively and be coated on binder course and form cushion and overcoat outward, obtained sheet material;
(4), the sizing of sheet material vacuum cooled or roll extrusion cooling and shaping are obtained thermoplastic composite board.
In the manufacture method of described thermoplastic composite board, increase between described step (1) and step (2): the cold rolling forming step strengthening skeleton.
In the manufacture method of described thermoplastic composite board, the cold rolling forming step of described enhancing skeleton is: make predetermined shape by cold rolling for enhancing skeleton.
In the manufacture method of described thermoplastic composite board, increase after described step (1): skeleton one-off hole-piercing step will be strengthened; Also have after described step (4): carry out secondary punching step and cold rolling forming step by comprising the thermoplastic composite board strengthening skeleton.
In the manufacture method of described thermoplastic composite board, described carry out cold rolling forming step by comprising the thermoplastic composite board strengthening skeleton be: the thermoplastic composite board strengthening skeleton is cold rolling makes predetermined shape by comprising.
Thermoplastic composite board of the present invention is mainly for the manufacture of safety barrier; need burden energy absorption and non-disrumpent feelings protection two kinds of roles; collision energy is absorbed by distortion; alleviate the injury to vehicle and personnel; change direction of traffic; while reducing causality loss to greatest extent, vehicle also to be stoped to run off highway, can not be disrumpent feelings.
Want not disrumpent feelings and prevent vehicle from running off outside road, inevitable requirement guardrail has suitable mechanical strength and rigidity, just can keep out the collision of vehicle.And from protection passenger escape injury or alleviate extent of injury angle consider, wish that guardrail also will have certain pliability and shock-absorbing capacity.Obviously, these two kinds of functional requirements are conflicting.The design main idea of thermoplastic composite board of the present invention, is just creatively to meet two kinds of conflicting functional requirements.
The present invention adopts enhancing skeleton to make thermoplastic composite board have suitable mechanical strength and rigidity, and be placed on the center of thermoplastic composite board by strengthening skeleton or be offset to relatively away from the position of mechanism, enhancing skeleton serves supporting role to composite plate entirety and also makes composite plate entirety have crash-resistant strength and stiffness.And have employed layer of thermoplastic material and realize cushioning effect outside enhancing skeleton; and in conjunction with extrusion molding structure and/or the cold rolling molded design strengthening skeleton; to take advantage of a situation progressively deformation buffer in the starting stage of mechanism; in the superimposed shock resistance of distortion ending phase of mechanism; flexibility and the different phase of rigidity creatively in hit impact protection process in a product is made to play its effect respectively; the thermoplastic composite board made can longitudinally extend arbitrarily; length is determined arbitrarily; can rolling be bent, facilitate transport and store.Longer length facilitates guardrail to install, and reduces the use of connecting piece for guard rail.Also very long thermoplastic composite board can be cut off and make block.
The layer of thermoplastic material of thermoplastic composite board has the composite construction of three layers of one, this structure has higher superior function: first, each layer has different functions, and the function of binder course is for layer of thermoplastic material being better combined with enhancing skeleton, makes them become overall.The function of cushion is cushioned by its toughness and elasticity; only deformation is there is after external force is collided; do not produce fragmentation, in order to avoid produce a large amount of fragmentation splashed, cause second accident; and in conjunction with extrusion molding structure and/or the cold rolling molded design strengthening skeleton; take advantage of a situation in the starting stage of mechanism and be progressively out of shape, extend the time of contact of vehicle and guardrail, reduce impact peak value; thus the personnel of vehicle can be protected, reduce the loss and injure.Overcoat is whole composite plate outermost layer structure, and its major function is anti-aging and wear-resisting, protects its internal structure.
Secondly, layer of thermoplastic material is one composite construction with strengthening skeleton, and one composite construction to refer between each layer that firm attachment becomes an entirety together and is not separated.The formation of integrative-structure relies on the adhesion between material.Binder course can form a Rotating fields that is fine and close, strong adhesion on the surface strengthening skeleton, with cushion, there is better compatibility simultaneously, good compatibility makes the binding ability all stronger with the cushion strengthening skeleton and centre, overcoat and cushion are also have excellent compatibility energy, in the fabrication process, adopt multi-layer co-extruded between layer of thermoplastic material and enhancing skeleton or extrude coated successively, and surface cleaning and the heating such as degreasing and rust removal are carried out to enhancing skeleton; Composition surface between each material layer can not produce space because of adhesion deficiency, surface impurity, and can prevent grease from accelerating the stress cracking of goods, thus improves the reliability of thermoplastic compound and the service life of product.Its peel strength is higher, and the Relative sliding bending and can not produce after expanding with heat and contract with cold between material layer, can give full play to the advantage of thermoplastic composite, in use and installation process, have higher intensity and toughness.In manufacture and cold rolling forming process, not easily separated between material layer, be convenient to rolling and bend, facilitating transport, storing and install, and the thermoplastic composite board of skeleton can be strengthened carry out secondary punching and cold rolling shaping comprising, make product strengthen the continuous coated layer of thermoplastic material of punching place on skeleton.Be not separated into an entirety between thermoplastic composite board each several part, greatly strengthen thermoplastic composite board shock resistance and buffer capacity, improve the performance of product.Solve the problem that in prior art, plastic-steel material compatibility is bad.
Thermoplastic composite board of the present invention strengthens the section bar that skeleton mainly adopts elastic modelling quantity, hot strength is far longer than thermoplastic material, section bar can adopt shape or other organic and inorganic reinforcing profiles, such as steel band, steel wire, polyester fiber, glass fibre, carbon fiber etc., the advantage one that this material has to improve the intensity of thermoplastic composite board, under large elastic modelling quantity and high tensile strengthen the effect of skeleton, thermoplastic composite board can reach suitable mechanical strength and rigidity easily.During for the manufacture of road safety barrier, the collision of vehicle can be kept out, prevent vehicle from running off outside road.Two is have even to exceed the excellent shock resistance flexibility of thermoplastic material structure guardrail, the advantages such as the pliability in the elongatedness direction of extremely strong antiseptic power and appropriateness simultaneously.Three is that raw-material consumption significantly reduces, compared with the guardrail of all-plastic structure, its material cost is less than 1/3rd of all-plastic structure guardrail, the thermoplastic material consumed is less than 1/5th of overall plastic guardrail, make thermoplastic composite board while reaching good flexibility and high strength, save raw material very significantly.Four is in a product, creatively meet flexible and that rigidity two kinds is conflicting functional requirement.In the starting stage of mechanism, flexibility is impacted preferably by layer of thermoplastic material, take advantage of a situation in conjunction with the extrusion molding structure of thermoplastic composite board and/or the cold rolling molded design of enhancing skeleton and be progressively out of shape, realize cushioning effect, and guardrail and parts thereof can be avoided to pierce through car body by the progressively distortion lodging of taking advantage of a situation of extrusion molding structure and/or enhancing skeleton, jeopardize occupant.In the distortion ending phase of mechanism, by strengthening the deformational overprint of skeleton and the damping action of thermoplastic material, there is higher impact strength and shock-absorbing function, vehicles traverse guardrail can be prevented or topple on guardrail.In the ending phase of mechanism, because the skin-friction coefficient of thermoplastic material is less, and in conjunction with the higher-strength of thermoplastic composite board and shock-absorbing function, and longly to lay apart from disposable, also help errant vehicle to take advantage of a situation derivation along guardrail with less angle, get back to traveling lane.Can the U.S. " AASHTO Bridge guardrail instructs specification " (1988) coefficientoffrictionμ that guardrail and vehicle are asked change the important indicator in errant vehicle direction smoothly as evaluating guardrail.
| μ | Evaluate |
| 0～0.25 | Excellent |
| 0.26～0.35 | Good |
| ＞0.35 | Qualified |
The coefficient of friction of thermoplastic composite board of the present invention can reach 0 ~ 0.35, and (coefficient of friction slided on PTFE resin as steel is 0.1, the coefficient of friction that PE resin slides is 0.2, the coefficient of friction that PS resin slides is 0.35 etc.), according to this standard, the present invention can change errant vehicle direction smoothly.
Manufacture method of the present invention is the one-step method production process adopting original creation, the thermoplastic material strengthening skeleton and melting is adopted multi-layer co-extruded or extrudes coated successively, the compound of two or more material and the shaping structures of guardrail board is once completed in composite extruding mould, in conjunction with flattening enhancing skeleton, surface cleaning and the heating such as degreasing and rust removal, between thermoplastic material and reinforcing profile, combination is reliable, compound is even, closely coated, expand with heat and contract with cold synchronous, and can rolling and bending.The advantages such as physical dimension is stable, coated uniform ground that vacuum cooled sizing or roll extrusion cooling and shaping make thermoplastic composite board have, speed of production can reach 8 ms/min.Can use within the scope of ~ 50 ~ 70 DEG C more than 30 years and keep material gloss, than traditional steel guard rail, not only the life-span doubles, and non-maintaining throughout one's life, also can omit complicated surface anticorrosion technique.
By eliminating in thermoplastic composite board occur that serious installing hole departs from and material distortion along its length, cannot enter the phenomenon such as enhancing skeleton continus convergence passage of compound die to strengthening skeleton leveling.By to enhancing skeleton carry uninterruptedly, strengthen skeleton with thermoplastic material is multi-layer co-extruded or extrude coated successively, vacuum cooled shape or roll extrusion cooling and shaping.Need to combine again during processing mounting holes and strengthen skeleton one-off hole-piercing, comprise the thermoplastic composite board secondary punching, cold rolling shaping strengthening skeleton.Can through continuous seepage, obtain the thermoplastic composite board of length, can not only by composite plate rolling rolling, be convenient to transport, and uninterrupted production reaches the thermoplastic composite board of length continuously, can improve the installation effectiveness of guardrail, length also reduces guardrail board connector apart from disposable laying, cost-saving; And flexible moderate thermoplastic compound guardrail board also facilitates the guardrail at road curvature place to arrange and install.Move owing to doing transitional care when vehicle and rail collision and depart from.So require that the contact surface of guardrail and vehicle is wanted smooth and do not have obvious protrusion.Length is laid apart from disposable; and superpose in conjunction with the distortion lodging of extrusion molding structure and/or enhancing skeleton the projection eliminated guardrail board connector and cause; skin-friction coefficient in conjunction with thermoplastic material is less; and impact flexibility in conjunction with thermoplastic composite board preferably in the starting stage of mechanism; at ending phase higher-strength and the shock-absorbing function of mechanism; reduce the coefficient of friction of vehicle and guardrail contact surface; thus extend the time of contact of vehicle and guardrail; what reduce vehicle subtracts acceleration, reaches the object of protection passenger safety.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of embodiment of the present invention thermoplastic composite board;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the another kind of embodiment of embodiment of the present invention thermoplastic composite board.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to there be understanding clearly to technical characteristic of the present invention, object and effect, now contrast accompanying drawing and describe the specific embodiment of the present invention in detail.
Between layer of thermoplastic material and enhancing skeleton, the method for testing of peel strength is:
A) layer of thermoplastic material is scratched in the same direction width be 15mm ~ 25mm, long more than 120mm rectangular, composition surface layer of thermoplastic material should drawn when scratching and strengthen between skeleton, and lever up one end.
B) by Material Testing Machine with the vertical layer of thermoplastic material surface of the speed being less than or equal to 12mm/min at the uniform velocity pull-up layer of thermoplastic material, record dynamometer numerical value.To survey the force value of time recording divided by the stripping width of layer of thermoplastic material, be peel strength, unit is N/cm.
Embodiment 1, as shown in Figure 1, 2, a kind of thermoplastic composite board, have the transverse width of setting, longitudinally continuous extension and receive the sheet material making volume by wrap-up, instant heating plastic composite plate, according to in-site installation requirement, sets the width of thermoplastic composite board, the super long board of indefinitely long is obtained by continuous seepage, in order to transport and store conveniently, thermoplastic composite board can be rolled into volume, launch again during laying, and cut off as required at the scene, obtain the thermoplastic composite board of certain length.Thermoplastic composite board also can customized cut-off when producing, and obtains the thermoplastic composite board of a piece a piece.
Thermoplastic composite board comprises enhancing skeleton 4, is coated with layer of thermoplastic material at described enhancing skeleton 4, the composite plate that described enhancing skeleton 4 is combined into one with layer of thermoplastic material.In material selection process, the condition being greater than 75N/cm (20 DEG C ± 5 DEG C) according to the peel strength strengthened between skeleton and layer of thermoplastic material is needed to select, only reach such condition, just can produce the guardrail board product meeting application claims.
Because thermoplastic composite board will have suitable mechanical strength and rigidity, owing to needing to play support, anti-collision effect in the whole plate body of thermoplastic composite board, therefore, strengthen skeleton 4 select elastic modelling quantity to be greater than the elastic modelling quantity of layer of thermoplastic material and hot strength far above the section bar of layer of thermoplastic material, the object with certain geometrical shape that the techniques such as section bar refers to by rolling, extrudes, casting are made.The described hot strength of enhancing skeleton is 1: 10 ~ 1: 100 with the ratio of the hot strength of layer of thermoplastic material, the ratio of hot strength can also be selected higher than 1: 100, until the described hot strength of enhancing skeleton is 1: 150 with the ratio of the hot strength of layer of thermoplastic material, the hot strength preferably strengthening skeleton is greater than the section bar of 120MPa.Preferred tensile strength of the present invention, much larger than the shape of layer of thermoplastic material, organic reinforcing profile and inorganic reinforcing profile, during use, can be used alone a kind of section bar, also can various shape is different, that material is different section bar collocation use together.Shape can select the steel band with one fixed width, steel wire, can also be that the shaped steel of suitable depth is (as garden type, square, angle steel, I-steel, channel-section steel etc.), Guan Gang is (as garden pipe, square tube, shape tube etc.) etc. or metallic fiber (as boron fibre and aluminium, titanium, the metal whiskers etc. such as calcium), organic and inorganic reinforcing profile comprises inorfil (as glass fibre, carbon fiber, whisker, quartz fibre, graphite fibre and ceramic fibre etc.) or section bar, organic fiber is (as PAN fiber, polyethylene fibre, PA fiber, PC fiber, PVA fiber and polyester fiber etc.) or section bar, preferably be convenient to quantity-produced braiding laminated structure or strand fortifying fibre.
Described enhancing skeleton 4 is at least one section bar is longitudinally or/and transversely arrangedly to form.When selecting the section bar of laminated structure, can be as shown in Figure 1, select an independent block-type material as enhancing skeleton 4, and the width of sheet section bar and length adapt, and narrow, too shortly can have and support and shock proof effect with thermoplastic composite board width and length.When selecting other structure example of the narrower independent bar shaped of distribution of width as round steel, steel wire, band steel, narrow steel strip, fortifying fibre, can as required section bar is parallel, vertical, intersect, the various mode such as sheet, strand that is woven into forms after arranging and strengthens skeleton 4.As shown in Figure 2, be the many spaced and parallel arrangements of round steel are formed strengthen skeleton 4.
Described layer of thermoplastic material is the unseparated three-decker that is combined with each other, be followed successively by from inside to outside for strengthen binder course 3 that skeleton 4 bonds together, shock resistance and without the cushion 2 of fragmentation and aging-resistant overcoat 1, wherein said binder course 3 is attached to and strengthens on skeleton 4 and bonding with cushion 2 integral.
Described binder course 3 is resin of binding property material that is compatible with the chemical characteristic strengthening skeleton 4 and cushion 2 and that mutually bond.Resin of binding property material selected by binder course 3 has the effect of bonding simultaneously to the macromolecular material strengthening skeleton 4 and cushion 2, consider material and the character of cushion 2 and enhancing skeleton 4 during binder course 3 selection simultaneously, the selection strengthening skeleton 4 due to the present invention is preferably shape or fortifying fibre section bar, cushion 2 selects the thermoplastic material in macromolecular material, then binder course 3 is just selected metal or fortifying fibre, the multiple materials such as thermoplastic material all have good adhesive property, and can with metal or fortifying fibre skeleton, the cushion 2 of thermoplastic material closely bonds any material be combined with each other, for the enhancing skeleton 4 of an independent section bar, binder course 3 is just combined in the outer surface of this section bar, if select the enhancing skeleton 4 that more than one piece section bar permutation and combination is formed, then the exposed surface of each section bar is attached with binder course 3.
Such as cushion 2 adopts polyolefin (PO) class material, as blended in polypropylene (PP) and linear polyethylene (LLDPE), strengthen skeleton 4 when being chosen as steel band, binder course 3 can select polyethylene, also can select the material that ethylene acrylic acid co polymer or other and metal are completely compatible with TPO plastics.
The coated described binder course 3 of described cushion 2 is outer and be made up of the macromolecular material of shock resistance without fragmentation, is preferably thermoplastic material.Cushion 2 impact resistance is comparatively strong and have elasticity, preferentially solves thermoplastic composite board much higher hard and breakable problem under vehicle collision.Financial cost can be considered by the anti-collision level of guardrail, select soft and pliable and tough matrix resin and suitably add high impact-resistant resin, rubber elastomer, rigid filled and blowing agent, fire retardant make.
Described overcoat 1 is made for being compounded in the outer and macromolecular material with ageing resistace of cushion 2.Overcoat 1 preferentially overcome material easily aging, wearing and tearing defect.In base resin material, add the anti-aging materials such as antioxidant, light stabilizer, antiseptic can also be added, Nano self-cleaning material keeps its hygiene, the auxiliary material improving rigidity and wearability can be added.
Eye-catching color matching attractive in appearance and embedded photoluminescent material is also comprised in the material of overcoat 1.When needing, clad also can comprise the material of reinforcing material printable surface.
Different as the material strengthening skeleton 4, its hot strength is different, consider hot strength, described enhancing skeleton 4 is 10% ~ 90% at the percentage by weight of thermoplastic composite board, the material that hot strength is high, the content in thermoplastic composite board is few, the material that hot strength is low, content in thermoplastic composite board is high, but it is selected preferably to accomplish in 10% ~ 90% scope not only to keep suitable rigidity and intensity but also has suitable pliability.The thickness of binder course 3 is selected mainly relevant with the material of the material selected by binder course, the material strengthening skeleton and cushion, and different materials is selected different.Binder course 3 thickness is preferably 0.1 ~ 0.25mm; described overcoat 1 thickness is for being greater than 0.8mm ~ 10mm; the thickness of overcoat is relevant with various conditions such as the selections of thermoplastic composite board size, protection coating materials; be unfavorable for the protection to cushion lower than 0.8mm, anti-aging and anti-wear performance is also not easily held.Described cushion 2 thickness is the thickness much larger than binder course 3 and overcoat 1, cushion 2 thickness can be 10 ~ 200 times of the respective thickness of binder course 3 and overcoat 1, and in various composite plate, each layer thickness depends primarily on functional requirement and the material therefor characteristic such as intensity and shock resistance flexibility, shock-resistant fragmentation of composite plate.
In order to easy for installation, some thermoplastic composite board needs to be installed by installing hole, so need to offer installing hole on thermoplastic composite board, the position of installing hole can in the fixing position of multiple needs such as the edge of thermoplastic composite board, middle part, and position of mounting hole is arranged according to actual needs.
The manufacture method of embodiment 2, thermoplastic composite board, comprises the following steps:
(1), the enhancing skeleton surface curvature of continus convergence is carried out to leveling process, carries out degreasing and rust removal process to enhancing skeleton surface.First using the section bar continuous spreading as enhancing skeleton of harvest web-like, leveling process is carried out to the enhancing skeleton surface curvature of continus convergence, leveling process is the mode adopting roll-in aligning, enhancing skeleton surface curvature is aligned, if employing shape, then need to strike off shape seamed edge burr; Before leveling process or after process, degreasing and rust removal process need be carried out to enhancing skeleton surface, or all degreasing and rust removal process be carried out to enhancing skeleton surface before and after treatment in leveling.Degreasing and rust removal process is exactly adopt friction mode removing to strengthen skeleton surface corrosion and other are deposited on and strengthen the impurity on skeleton surface, and the chip high pressure draught adhered to that friction dropped is removed, keep strengthening skeleton surface cleaning, prevent grease from accelerating the macromolecular material stress cracking of thermoplastic composite article;
(2), then enhancing skeleton is heated, enhancing skeleton is risen to the thermoplastic material temperature of melting close from room temperature, be beneficial to better be combined between binder course with enhancing skeleton, and trace can be impelled to adhere to carbonization and the volatilization of grease.For metal and other polar materials that can become conductor, the mode of high-frequency induction heating can be adopted to heat; The direct-fired mode such as hot blast, infrared heating can be adopted to heat for non-polar material.The temperature that described enhancing skeleton heats is preferably 90 DEG C ~ 110 DEG C; To enhancing skeleton surface coating resin of binding property material after heating, resin of binding property material comprises one-component material or bicomponent material, one-component material directly extrudes to be coated in clean and the enhancing skeleton heated up is surperficial, or be first coated in clean enhancing skeleton surface by water based paint, and intensification makes solvent volatilize; Bicomponent material is first sprayed on by bed material wherein to strengthen skeleton surface, then apply the fabric of bicomponent material, through air cooling-down solidification, forms the binder course in layer of thermoplastic material after solidification; The thickness of preferred described binder course is 0.1 ~ 0.25mm.
(3), by the enhancing skeleton conveying being attached with binder course be placed in mould, the shape of mould and structure thereof are determined according to the thermoplastic composite board that will make.And by thermoplastic material by multi-layer co-extruded or extrude successively and be coated on binder course and form cushion and overcoat outward, obtained sheet material, the outer lug structure extruded hollow structure and/or formed along the distribution wall scroll section bar that action direction strengthens delaying to impact wherein can be comprised;
(4), by the sizing of sheet material vacuum cooled or roll extrusion cooling and shaping obtain thermoplastic composite board, vacuum cooled sizing or roll extrusion cooling and shaping are the conventional types of cooling, do not repeat them here.
The thermoplastic composite board obtained can store in rolling, also can customized cut-off storage stack.
Above-mentioned manufacture method is for non-cold rolling shaping, when strengthen skeleton need cold rolling shaping time, between above-mentioned steps (1) and step (2) increase enhancing skeleton cold rolling forming step.Make predetermined shape by cold rolling forming step by cold rolling for enhancing skeleton, such as distribute that wall scroll is tree-like, ripple is protruding and extend, the bending of edge, flange, curling etc.Cold rolling shaping be a kind of conventional molding mode, do not repeat them here.
Above-mentioned manufacture method is for thermoplastic composite board without installing hole, is fixed by connector outer hoop.
When thermoplastic composite board needs to be fixed by installing hole, increase after above-mentioned steps (1) and skeleton one-off hole-piercing step will be strengthened; Increase after above-mentioned steps (4) and will the thermoplastic composite board secondary punching, the cold rolling forming step that strengthen skeleton be comprised.
Strengthening skeleton one-off hole-piercing step is correspond to need hard-wired position, such as: edge, middle part etc., carries out punching by perforating press.
Enhancing skeleton after one-off hole-piercing is after coated layer of thermoplastic material, installing hole after one-off hole-piercing encases by layer of thermoplastic material, need again to carry out secondary punching to thermoplastic composite board, make product strengthen the coated layer of thermoplastic material of the continuous on-line machining of installing hole punching place on skeleton, and accurately fixing assembling or overlap joint are installed at the shape of cold rolling shaping rear guarantee installing hole, hole site and later thermoplastic composite board.
Claims (6)
1. a thermoplastic composite board, is characterized in that, is to have setting transverse width, longitudinal direction extend continuously and receive the sheet material made volume or cut into block, and described thermoplastic composite plate comprises enhancing skeleton, is coated with layer of thermoplastic material at described enhancing skeleton, described layer of thermoplastic material is the unseparated three-decker that is combined with each other, be followed successively by from inside to outside and be bondingly attached to the binder course strengthened on skeleton, shock resistance and without the cushion of fragmentation and anti-aging wear-resisting overcoat, between described enhancing skeleton and layer of thermoplastic material, gapless is combined into one structure, under 20 DEG C ± 5 DEG C conditions, the peel strength strengthened between skeleton and layer of thermoplastic material is greater than 75N/cm, and described enhancing skeleton selects hot strength far above at least one section bar of layer of thermoplastic material longitudinally or/and transversely arrangedly to form, the described hot strength of enhancing skeleton is 1: 10 ~ 1: 100 with the ratio of the hot strength of layer of thermoplastic material, described binder course is resin of binding property material that is compatible with the chemical characteristic strengthening skeleton and cushion and that mutually bond, the coated described binder course of described cushion is outer and be made up of the macromolecular material of shock resistance without fragmentation, described overcoat is be compounded in the outer and macromolecular material with ageing resistace of cushion to make, the percentage by weight of described enhancing skeleton in thermoplastic composite board is 10% ~ 90%, described joint thickness is 0.1 ~ 0.25mm, described overcoat thickness is 0.8mm ~ 10mm, described buffer layer thickness is much larger than binder course and overcoat thickness separately, described buffer layer thickness is 10 ~ 200 times of described binder course and overcoat thickness separately.
2. the manufacture method of thermoplastic composite board according to claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1), the enhancing skeleton surface curvature of continus convergence is carried out to leveling process, carries out degreasing and rust removal process to enhancing skeleton surface, namely friction mode removing is adopted to strengthen skeleton surface corrosion and other are deposited on and strengthen the impurity on skeleton surface, and the chip high pressure draught adhered to that friction dropped is removed, keep strengthening skeleton surface cleaning, prevent grease from accelerating the macromolecular material stress cracking of thermoplastic composite article;
(2), then enhancing skeleton is heated, to enhancing skeleton surface coating resin of binding property material after heating, after solidification, form the binder course in layer of thermoplastic material; The temperature that described enhancing skeleton heats is 90 DEG C-110 DEG C; Described resin of binding property material comprises one-component material or bicomponent material, described one-component material directly extrudes to be coated in clean and the described enhancing skeleton surface of heating up, or be first coated in clean described enhancing skeleton surface by water based paint, and intensification makes solvent volatilize; Described bicomponent material first bed material is wherein sprayed on described enhancing skeleton surface, then apply the fabric of bicomponent material, through air cooling-down solidification, forms the binder course in layer of thermoplastic material after solidification; The thickness of described binder course is 0.1 ~ 0.25mm;
(3), by the enhancing skeleton conveying being attached with binder course mould is placed in, and thermoplastic material is multi-layer co-extruded or extrude successively and be coated on binder course and form cushion and overcoat outward, obtained sheet material;
(4), the sizing of sheet material vacuum cooled or roll extrusion cooling and shaping are obtained thermoplastic composite board.
3. the manufacture method of thermoplastic composite board according to claim 2, is characterized in that, increases between described step (1) and step (2): the cold rolling forming step strengthening skeleton.
4. the manufacture method of thermoplastic composite board according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the cold rolling forming step of described enhancing skeleton is: make predetermined shape by cold rolling for enhancing skeleton.
5. the manufacture method of thermoplastic composite board according to claim 2, is characterized in that, increases: will strengthen skeleton one-off hole-piercing step after described step (1); Also have after described step (4): carry out secondary punching step and cold rolling forming step by comprising the thermoplastic composite board strengthening skeleton.
6. the manufacture method of thermoplastic composite board according to claim 5, is characterized in that, it is to comprise the thermoplastic composite board cold rolling strengthening skeleton that the thermoplastic composite board comprising enhancing skeleton is carried out cold rolling forming step.
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| CN201210017549.2A CN102555315B (en) | 2012-01-19 | 2012-01-19 | Thermoplastic composite board and manufacturing method thereof |
| PCT/CN2012/083778 WO2013107204A1 (en) | 2012-01-19 | 2012-10-30 | Thermoplastic composite panel and manufacturing method therefor |
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| DE102014004431B4 (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2016-02-11 | Alanod Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method and device for covering profiles with lateral outlets and profile |
| CN105196509A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2015-12-30 | 无锡贺邦金属制品有限公司 | Preparation method for high-strength plastic plate |
| CN108705817A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-10-26 | 浙江浩卓新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of multifunctional light thermoplastic composite board material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112582490A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-03-30 | 苏州中来光伏新材股份有限公司 | Photovoltaic backboard resisting mechanical impact, preparation process and photovoltaic module |
| CN114293732A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-04-08 | 安徽森泰木塑科技地板有限公司 | Composite floor and production process thereof |
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| CN102039654A (en) * | 2009-10-13 | 2011-05-04 | 甘国工 | Method and device for producing syntactic foam plate or section |
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