CN110654465B - Automobile fender and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Automobile fender and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110654465B CN110654465B CN201910944056.5A CN201910944056A CN110654465B CN 110654465 B CN110654465 B CN 110654465B CN 201910944056 A CN201910944056 A CN 201910944056A CN 110654465 B CN110654465 B CN 110654465B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
- B62D25/08—Front or rear portions
- B62D25/16—Mud-guards or wings; Wheel cover panels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D25/00—Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
- B62D25/08—Front or rear portions
- B62D25/16—Mud-guards or wings; Wheel cover panels
- B62D25/161—Mud-guards made of non-conventional material, e.g. rubber, plastics
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Automobile Manufacture Line, Endless Track Vehicle, Trailer (AREA)
- Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
- Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fender for an automobile and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the fender for the automobile comprises a bottom layer and a surface layer, the bottom layer and the surface layer are compounded through a needling process, materials used by the surface layer comprise surface layer main fibers and surface layer bonding fibers, materials used by the bottom layer comprise bottom layer main fibers, auxiliary fibers and bottom layer bonding fibers, the melting point of the surface layer bonding fibers is lower than that of the surface layer main fibers, and the melting points of the surface layer main fibers and the surface layer bonding fibers are lower than that of the bottom layer main fibers, so that the bottom layer main fibers are not molten when the surface layer main fibers, the surface layer bonding fibers and the bottom layer bonding fibers are molten. The surface layer and the bottom layer of the automobile mudguard are made of fiber materials with sound absorption effects, and the surface layer fibers are heated to be in a molten state, so that the surface is smoother after the surface is shaped by a cold roll. Therefore, the whole structure becomes porous, smooth and hard, and has good sound absorption, ice adhesion resistance and impact resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile exterior trimming parts, and particularly relates to a fender for an automobile and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The fender is arranged above an automobile tire and below a metal plate, belongs to an external decoration piece of the automobile, and can be used for blocking tire noise, rainwater and slurry. In the driving process of the automobile, the friction and impact between the tire and the road surface generate noise, and the driving experience of the automobile is seriously influenced. Meanwhile, some countries have added the noise outside the vehicle to the vehicle exterior trim part legislation requirements. In addition, when the vehicle runs in the ice and snow weather, the ice and snow are easily adhered to the mud guard under the driving of the tires. When the ice layer is too thick, the tire sways up and down during running to impact the fender, and on the other hand, the fender is easy to fall off due to too large load. In addition, when the vehicle runs, articles such as gravels can be splashed, and the objects are easy to damage the mudguard.
At present, the traditional mud guard made of rubber and resin materials cannot meet the requirements of noise reduction, ice resistance and impact resistance at the same time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fender for an automobile, which solves the problem that the fender for the automobile in the prior art cannot meet the requirements of noise reduction, ice adhesion resistance and impact resistance at the same time.
The invention also aims to provide a manufacturing method of the automobile mudguard, which aims to solve the problem that the mudguard manufactured by the manufacturing method of the automobile mudguard in the prior art cannot meet the requirements of noise reduction, ice adhesion resistance and impact resistance at the same time.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a fender for car, its includes bottom and surface course, bottom and surface course are compound through the needle punching technology, the used material of surface course includes surface course owner fibre and surface course bonding fiber, the used material of bottom includes bottom owner fibre, auxiliary fiber and bottom bonding fiber, the melting point of surface course bonding fiber is less than the melting point of surface course owner fibre, just the melting point of surface course owner fibre and surface course bonding fiber is less than the melting point of bottom owner fibre to bottom owner fibre does not melt when making surface course owner fibre, surface course bonding fiber and bottom bonding fiber melt.
In particular, the surface layer is formed by needle punching after the surface layer main fibers and the surface layer bonding fibers are mixed into a net.
In particular, the bottom layer is formed by needle punching after the bottom layer main fibers, the auxiliary fibers and the bottom layer bonding fibers are mixed into a net.
In particular, the surface layer comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the proportion of the main fiber of the surface layer is 60-80 percent, and the proportion of the bonding fiber of the surface layer is 20-40 percent.
In particular, the bottom layer comprises, in weight percent: the proportion of the main fiber of the bottom layer is 40-60%, the proportion of the auxiliary fiber is 20-30%, and the proportion of the bonding fiber of the bottom layer is 20-30%.
In particular, the weight per unit area of the automobile mudguard is: 600g/m2～1800g/m2。
In particular, the grammage per unit area of the facing layer is: 200g/m2～500g/m2The gram weight per unit area of the bottom layer is as follows: 400g/m2～1300g/m2。
A method for manufacturing a fender for an automobile, comprising the steps of:
1) preparing a surface layer and a bottom layer;
2) needle punching and compounding: laying the surface layer and the bottom layer up and down, and binding the two layers of materials together by a needling process;
3) oven heating: heating the composite material obtained in the step 2) through a drying tunnel, wherein the melting of the surface layer main fiber and the surface layer bonding fiber is required to be ensured during heating, and the melting of the bottom layer main fiber is not required;
4) and (3) cold roll sizing: immediately controlling the thickness of the material discharged from the drying tunnel and shaping the material by a cold roller, wherein the step needs that the main fibers of the surface layer and the bonding fibers of the surface layer before passing through the cold roller are in a molten state;
5) cutting: and (5) cutting the composite material subjected to the step 4) according to requirements.
Particularly, the manufacturing method of the fender for the automobile needs to be heated after the step 5), the baking temperature is set to be 250-320 ℃, the temperature is kept for 50-70 s, the fender is placed into a mold when the surface temperature of the material is 170-180 ℃, and then the fender is molded by closing mold and refrigerating.
In particular, the preparation of the surface layer in the step 1) is as follows: putting the surface layer main fibers and the surface layer bonding fibers into an opener according to a certain proportion, mixing and carding to form a net, laying fluffy net-shaped materials layer by layer, and needling to form the surface layer materials for later use; the preparation of the bottom layer is as follows: putting the bottom layer main fiber, the auxiliary fiber and the bottom layer bonding fiber into an opener according to a certain proportion, mixing, carding to form a net, laying the fluffy net material layer by layer, and needling to form the bottom layer material for later use.
Compared with the prior art, the automobile fender has the advantages that:
1) the surface layer and the bottom layer are both made of fiber materials, and the formed mesh structure can more effectively transmit and absorb sound, so that the sound absorption performance is good;
2) the surface layer and the bottom layer are formed by needling, and fibers are staggered with each other, so that the possibility of layering in the subsequent use process is avoided;
3) during molding, the fibers can be melted by controlling the heating temperature of the surface layer, and a smooth surface similar to plastic is formed after the fibers are shaped by a cold roll. The method can effectively reduce the adhesive force of the muddy water on the surface of the product, and has excellent anti-icing property; meanwhile, the hardness of the surface layer fiber is improved after the surface layer fiber is melted, and the appearance of the product can be effectively ensured when the surface layer fiber is impacted by objects such as broken stones and the like. The impact resistance of the product is excellent by combining the energy absorption effect of the bottom layer fluffy structure.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a graph showing the result of a sound absorption test of a fender for an automobile according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
Example one
In the embodiment, the automobile mudguard comprises a bottom layer and a surface layer, wherein the bottom layer and the surface layer are compounded through a needling process, the surface layer is made of PP fibers and low-melting-point PET fibers which are mixed according to a ratio of 7:3 and then formed through the needling process, the PP fibers in the surface layer are used as main fibers of the surface layer, the low-melting-point PET fibers are used as bonding fibers of the surface layer, and the unit area gram weight of the surface layer is 250g/m2(ii) a The bottom layer is made of PET fibers, low-melting-point PET fibers and PP fibers which are mixed according to the proportion of 5:3:2 and then formed through a needling process, the PET fibers in the bottom layer are used as bottom layer main fibers, the low-melting-point PET fibers are used as bottom layer bonding fibers, the PP fibers are used as bottom layer auxiliary fibers, and the unit area gram weight of the bottom layer is 850g/m2(ii) a The melting point of the surface layer bonding fibers is lower than that of the surface layer main fibers, and the melting points of the surface layer main fibers and the surface layer bonding fibers are lower than that of the bottom layer main fibers, so that the bottom layer main fibers are not melted when the surface layer main fibers, the surface layer bonding fibers and the bottom layer bonding fibers are melted.
A method for manufacturing a fender for an automobile, comprising the steps of:
step one, preparing a surface layer and a bottom layer, namely putting PP fibers and low-melting-point PET fibers into an opener according to the proportion of 7:3, mixing, carding to form a net, laying fluffy net-shaped materials layer by layer, and needling to form the surface layer material for later use, wherein the gram weight per unit area of the surface layer material is 250g/m2(ii) a The preparation of the bottom layer is as follows: putting PET fibers, low-melting-point PET fibers and PP fibers into an opener according to the proportion of 5:3:2, mixing, carding to form a net, laying fluffy net-shaped materials layer by layer, needling to form a bottom layer material for later use, wherein the gram weight of the bottom layer material per unit area is 850g/m2(ii) a The preparation of the surface layer and the bottom layer can adopt corresponding equipment to carry out independent preparation or synchronous preparation, and the independent preparation is not successful;
step two, needling and compounding: laying the surface layer and the bottom layer obtained in the first step up and down, and binding the two layers of materials together through a needling process;
step three, heating the oven: heating the composite material obtained in the second step through a drying tunnel, wherein the surface layer main fiber and the surface layer bonding fiber are required to be molten during heating, the bottom layer main fiber is not molten, and the surface temperature is controlled to be 180 ℃;
step four, cold roll sizing: immediately passing the material out of the drying tunnel through a cold roller with a gap of 5 mm for shaping, wherein the main fibers of the surface layer and the bonding fibers of the surface layer are in a molten state before passing through the cold roller;
step five, cutting: inspecting the appearance, wherein the surface has no damage, color difference, stain and deformation, and cutting and stacking the composite material shaped by the cold roll according to the requirement;
step six, compression molding: and (4) heating the sheet materials obtained in the fifth step, setting the baking temperature to be 285 ℃, keeping the temperature for 60s, putting the sheet materials into a mold when the surface temperature of the material is 180 ℃, performing compression molding and refrigeration, and forming, wherein the average gap between an upper mold and a lower mold is 4 mm.
Sound absorption test results of the present example:
test pieces of the examples with dimensions 1m x 1.2m were placed in Alpha bin at ambient temperature 22.3 degrees celsius and relative humidity 64%. The first test mode: the surface layer faces upwards, the bottom layer faces downwards, and an air layer with the thickness of 10mm is reserved between the bottom layer and the ground. The second test mode is as follows: the bottom layer faces upwards, the surface layer faces downwards, an air layer with the thickness of 10mm is reserved between the surface layer and the ground, and the test result is shown in figure 1.
Anti-icing test results:
the sample piece of the embodiment with the size of 200mm is placed in an environment box at the temperature of 15 ℃ below zero for 1h, then a zone with the size of phi 50mm is selected on the sample piece, 10ml of water with the temperature of 5 ℃ is dropped in the range with the size of phi 50mm, after 30min, the ice is confirmed, 10ml of water is added, after 120min, the ice is completely frozen, and the ice block is vertically pulled upwards by a tension meter to measure the maximum stripping force. And (3) testing results: 4.1N.
Impact resistance test results:
the sample piece of the example with the size of 200mm by 200mm is fixed by a clamp, and then the angle is adjusted, so that the sample piece forms an included angle of 45 ℃ with the ground. Then, the center Φ 30mm region of the sample was impacted with 100kg of M6 nut, and the appearance state after the impact was observed. And (3) testing results: the surface layer is not damaged and has no obvious deformation.
Example two
In the embodiment, the automobile mudguard comprises a bottom layer and a surface layer, wherein the bottom layer and the surface layer are compounded through a needling process, the surface layer is made of PP fibers and low-melting-point PET fibers which are mixed according to a ratio of 8:2 and then formed through the needling process, the PP fibers in the surface layer are used as main fibers of the surface layer, the low-melting-point PET fibers are used as bonding fibers of the surface layer, and the unit area gram weight of the surface layer material is 200g/m2(ii) a The bottom layer is made of PET fibers, low-melting-point PET fibers and PP fibers which are mixed according to the ratio of 4:3:3 and then formed through a needling process, the PET fibers in the bottom layer are used as bottom layer main fibers, the low-melting-point PET fibers are used as bottom layer bonding fibers, the PP fibers are used as bottom layer auxiliary fibers, and the unit area gram weight of the bottom layer is 400g/m2(ii) a The melting point of the surface layer bonding fibers is lower than that of the surface layer main fibers, and the melting points of the surface layer main fibers and the surface layer bonding fibers are lower than that of the bottom layer main fibers, so that the bottom layer main fibers are not melted when the surface layer main fibers, the surface layer bonding fibers and the bottom layer bonding fibers are melted.
A method for manufacturing a fender for an automobile, comprising the steps of:
step one, preparing a surface layer and a bottom layer, namely putting PP fibers and low-melting-point PET fibers into an opener according to the proportion of 8:2, mixing, carding to form a net, laying fluffy net materials layer by layer, and needling the fluffy net materials into a surface layer material for later use, wherein the gram weight per unit area of the surface layer material is 200g/m2(ii) a The preparation of the bottom layer is as follows: putting PET fibers, low-melting-point PET fibers and PP fibers into an opener according to the proportion of 4:3:3, mixing, carding to form a net, laying fluffy net-shaped materials layer by layer, needling to form a bottom layer material for later use, wherein the gram weight of the bottom layer material per unit area is 400g/m2(ii) a The preparation of the surface layer and the bottom layer can adopt corresponding equipment to carry out independent preparation or synchronous preparation, and the independent preparation is not sequentialThe process is smooth;
step two, needling and compounding: laying the surface layer and the bottom layer obtained in the step one up and down, and then binding the two layers of materials together through a needling process;
step three, heating the oven: heating the composite material obtained in the step two through a drying tunnel, wherein the surface layer main fiber and the surface layer bonding fiber are required to be molten during heating, the bottom layer main fiber is not molten, and the surface temperature is controlled to be 170 ℃;
step four, cold roll shaping: immediately passing the material out of the drying tunnel through a cold roller with a gap of 4mm for shaping, wherein the main fibers of the surface layer and the bonding fibers of the surface layer are in a molten state before passing through the cold roller;
step five, cutting: inspecting the appearance, wherein the surface has no damage, color difference, stain and deformation, and cutting and stacking the composite material shaped by the cold roll according to the requirement;
step six, compression molding: and (4) heating the sheet materials obtained in the fifth step, setting the baking temperature to be 300 ℃, keeping the temperature for 50s, putting the sheet materials into a mold when the surface temperature of the material is 170 ℃, performing mold closing and refrigeration, and forming, wherein the gap between an upper mold and a lower mold is 3 mm.
EXAMPLE III
In the embodiment, the automobile mudguard comprises a bottom layer and a surface layer, wherein the bottom layer and the surface layer are compounded through a needling process, the surface layer is made of PP fibers and low-melting-point PET fibers which are mixed according to a ratio of 6:4 and then formed through the needling process, the PP fibers in the surface layer are used as main fibers of the surface layer, the low-melting-point PET fibers are used as bonding fibers of the surface layer, and the unit area gram weight of the surface layer is 500g/m2(ii) a The bottom layer is made of PET fibers, low-melting-point PET fibers and PP fibers which are mixed according to the proportion of 6:2:2 and then formed through a needling process, the PET fibers in the bottom layer are used as main fibers of the bottom layer, the low-melting-point PET fibers are used as bonding fibers of the bottom layer, the PP fibers are used as auxiliary fibers of the bottom layer, and the gram weight per unit area of the bottom layer is 1300g/m2(ii) a Wherein the melting point of the face layer bonding fibers is lower than that of the face layer main fibers, and the melting points of the face layer main fibers and the face layer bonding fibers are lower than that of the bottom layer main fibers, so that the face layer main fibers, the face layer bonding fibers and the bottom layerThe primary fibers of the bottom layer do not melt when the layer bonding fibers melt.
A method for manufacturing a fender for an automobile, comprising the steps of:
step one, preparing a surface layer and a bottom layer, namely putting PP fibers and low-melting-point PET fibers into an opener according to the proportion of 6:4, mixing, carding to form a net, laying fluffy net materials layer by layer, and needling the fluffy net materials into a surface layer material for later use, wherein the gram weight per unit area of the surface layer material is 500g/m2(ii) a The preparation of the bottom layer is as follows: putting PET fibers, low-melting-point PET fibers and PP fibers into an opener according to the ratio of 6:2:2, mixing, carding to form a net, laying fluffy net-shaped materials layer by layer, and needling to form a bottom layer material for later use, wherein the gram weight of the bottom layer material per unit area is 1300g/m2(ii) a The preparation of the surface layer and the bottom layer can adopt corresponding equipment for independent preparation or synchronous preparation, and the independent preparation is not successful;
step two, needling and compounding: laying the surface layer and the bottom layer obtained in the first step up and down, and binding the two layers of materials together through a needling process;
step three, heating the oven: heating the composite material obtained in the second step through a drying tunnel, wherein the surface layer main fiber and the surface layer bonding fiber are required to be molten during heating, the bottom layer main fiber is not molten, and the surface temperature is controlled to be 180 ℃;
step four, cold roll shaping: immediately shaping the material out of the drying tunnel by a cold roller with a gap of 7 mm, wherein the main fibers of the surface layer and the bonding fibers of the surface layer are required to be in a molten state before passing through the cold roller;
step five, cutting: inspecting the appearance, wherein the surface has no damage, color difference, stain and deformation, and cutting and stacking the composite material shaped by the cold roll according to the requirement;
step six, compression molding: and (5) heating the sheet materials subjected to the fifth step, setting the baking temperature to 320 ℃, keeping the temperature for 70s, putting the sheet materials into a mold when the surface temperature of the material is 180 ℃, closing the mold, refrigerating and molding, wherein the gap between an upper mold and a lower mold is 6 mm.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and features of this invention, which is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but is capable of various modifications and changes without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. A method for manufacturing a fender for an automobile, characterized in that,
the automobile fender comprises a bottom layer and a surface layer, wherein the bottom layer and the surface layer are compounded through a needle punching process, the surface layer comprises surface layer main fibers and surface layer bonding fibers, the bottom layer comprises bottom layer main fibers, auxiliary fibers and bottom layer bonding fibers, the melting point of the surface layer bonding fibers is lower than that of the surface layer main fibers, and the melting points of the surface layer main fibers and the surface layer bonding fibers are lower than that of the bottom layer main fibers;
when the surface layer main fibers and the surface layer bonding fibers are in a molten state, the composite material of the bottom layer and the surface layer is shaped by a cold roll;
the manufacturing steps are as follows:
1) preparing a surface layer and a bottom layer;
2) needle punching and compounding: laying the surface layer and the bottom layer up and down, and then binding the two layers of materials together by a needling process;
3) oven heating: heating the composite material obtained in the step 2) through a drying tunnel, wherein the melting of the surface layer main fiber and the surface layer bonding fiber is required to be ensured during heating, and the melting of the bottom layer main fiber is avoided;
4) and (3) cold roll sizing: immediately controlling the thickness of the material discharged from the drying tunnel and shaping the material by a cold roller, wherein the step needs that the main fibers of the surface layer and the bonding fibers of the surface layer before passing through the cold roller are in a molten state;
5) cutting: and (3) cutting the composite material subjected to the step 4) according to requirements.
2. The method for manufacturing a fender for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein the surface layer is formed by needle punching after the surface layer main fiber and the surface layer binder fiber are mixed into a net.
3. The method for manufacturing a fender for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the base layer is formed by needle punching after a base layer main fiber, an auxiliary fiber and a base layer binder fiber are mixed into a web.
4. The method for manufacturing a fender for an automobile according to claim 2, wherein the surface layer comprises, in weight percent: the proportion of the main fiber of the surface layer is 60-80 percent, and the proportion of the bonding fiber of the surface layer is 20-40 percent.
5. The method for manufacturing a fender for an automobile as set forth in claim 3, wherein the base layer comprises, in weight percent: the proportion of the main fiber of the bottom layer is 40-60%, the proportion of the auxiliary fiber is 20-30%, and the proportion of the bonding fiber of the bottom layer is 20-30%.
6. The method for manufacturing a fender for an automobile according to claim 1, wherein the weight per unit area of the fender for an automobile is: 600g/m2～1800g/m2。
7. The method for manufacturing a fender for an automobile according to claim 6, wherein a grammage per unit area of the surface layer is: 200g/m2～500g/m2The gram weight per unit area of the bottom layer is as follows: 400g/m2～1300g/m2。
8. The method for manufacturing a fender for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the method for manufacturing a fender for a vehicle further comprises heating after the step 5), setting the baking temperature to 250 to 320 ℃, holding the temperature for 50 to 70 seconds, placing the material in a mold when the surface temperature of the material is 170 to 180 ℃, and then performing mold pressing, cooling and molding.
9. The method for manufacturing a fender for an automobile according to claim 1 or 8, wherein the step 1) of preparing the surface layer is: putting the surface layer main fibers and the surface layer bonding fibers into an opener according to a certain proportion, mixing and carding to form a net, laying fluffy net-shaped materials layer by layer, and needling to form the surface layer materials for later use; the preparation of the bottom layer is as follows: putting the bottom layer main fiber, the auxiliary fiber and the bottom layer bonding fiber into an opener according to a certain proportion, mixing, carding to form a net, laying the fluffy net material layer by layer, and needling to form the bottom layer material for later use.
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| CN201910944056.5A CN110654465B (en) | 2019-09-30 | 2019-09-30 | Automobile fender and manufacturing method thereof |
| PCT/CN2020/117330 WO2021063238A1 (en) | 2019-09-30 | 2020-09-24 | Automobile fender and manufacturing method therefor |
| JP2022539455A JP7289172B2 (en) | 2019-09-30 | 2020-09-24 | Automobile fender and its manufacturing method |
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| JP7289172B2 (en) | 2019-09-30 | 2023-06-09 | 無錫吉興汽車部件有限公司 | Automobile fender and its manufacturing method |
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| CN103361883A (en) * | 2012-03-27 | 2013-10-23 | 上海杰事杰新材料(集团)股份有限公司 | Composite glass fiber/polyphenylene sulfide fiber board, preparing method and application thereof |
| CN103481838A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2014-01-01 | 山东大学 | Automobile inner decorative board made of composite materials of natural fibers/thermoplastic resin, and mixing method of composite materials of natural fiber/thermoplastic resin |
| CN104175661A (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2014-12-03 | 无锡吉兴汽车声学部件科技有限公司 | Automobile fender with double-layer fabrics and preparation process of automobile fender |
| CN105041177A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-11-11 | 杭州金百合非织造布有限公司 | Bubble point type framework material for filtering air of doors and windows |
| CN106881931A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2017-06-23 | 现代自动车株式会社 | Thermoplas tic resin composite and the preparation method of thermoplas tic resin composite |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP7289172B2 (en) | 2019-09-30 | 2023-06-09 | 無錫吉興汽車部件有限公司 | Automobile fender and its manufacturing method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2021063238A1 (en) | 2021-04-08 |
| JP7289172B2 (en) | 2023-06-09 |
| CN110654465A (en) | 2020-01-07 |
| JP2023502145A (en) | 2023-01-20 |
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