CN102553433B - Device and method for removing CO2 in coal-fired flue gas - Google Patents
Device and method for removing CO2 in coal-fired flue gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN102553433B CN102553433B CN201210019334.4A CN201210019334A CN102553433B CN 102553433 B CN102553433 B CN 102553433B CN 201210019334 A CN201210019334 A CN 201210019334A CN 102553433 B CN102553433 B CN 102553433B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a device and a method for removing CO2 in coal-fired flue gas, the device comprises a steam generation device, a first stage fluidized bed reactor, a second fluidized bed reactor, a first stage cyclone separation , a second cyclone separator, a CO2 purification device and a CO2 storage tank. The method is characterized in that saturated steam is taken as fluidized gas, M2CO3 is used as an alkali metal-based absorbent to purify CO2 in coal-fired flue gas. The present invention can realize the CO2 near-zero emissions of coal-fired flue gas, the saturated steam which is taken as the fluidized gas can significantly reduce the cost and energy consumption when N2 is taken as the fluidized gas, re-separation of CO2 and N2 is required for acquiring CO2 gas with high-purity, and the alkali metal-based absorbent can be regenerated and recycled.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to flue gases purification field, particularly relate to a kind of for removing coal-fired flue-gas CO
2device and method.
Background technology
At present, atmosphere greenhouse effects have been one of topmost environmental problem of facing of the mankind.For responding actively the variation of global climate, China clearly proposes in " 12 " planning: " using significantly reducing energy resource consumption intensity and CO2 emission intensity as the binding indicator, effectively controlling greenhouse gas emission ".Carbon dioxide is main greenhouse gases, according to statistics, has every year more than 300 hundred million tons of CO2 emissions in atmosphere, wherein approximately has 40% from power plant.The amount of carbon dioxide of thermal power plant's discharge per hour of a 600MW can reach 500 tons.Therefore,, in order to reduce the carbon dioxide content in atmosphere, primary is to reduce Rear of Utility Boiler flue gas to the amount of carbon dioxide of airborne release.International schedule is put in catching with Plugging Technology Applied of carbon dioxide, becomes the carbon emission reduction technology that Jin Liangnian developed country heat is held in both hands, and is considered to one of important path of greenhouse gases degree of depth reduction of discharging.China is CO2 emission big country, and especially instant stage has been arrived in the emission control of coal fired power plant carbon dioxide equally.
Coal-fired carbon dioxide emission control technique traps four large classes after mainly can being divided at present the front decarburization of burning, recycle chemistry chain, pure oxygen burning and combustion, applies first three and plants the combustion system that emission-reduction technology need to change power plant, cannot mate with existing electric power factory equipment.Trapping technique after burning, comprise chemical method, physical method etc., physical method mainly comprises solvent absorption, adsorption method of separation, film permeation method and low temperature distillation method etc., chemical method mainly refers to chemical absorption method, and its principle is make carbon dioxide and chemical solvent generation chemical reaction and be absorbed.It is generally acknowledged that chemical absorption method has higher carbon dioxide eliminating efficiency, yet Technical Economy is also the key factor of selecting carbon dioxide discharge-reduction mode, extensive reducing emission of carbon dioxide mode is had higher requirement for Technical Economy.The subject matter that various carbon dioxide separation recovery methods exist is: energy consumption generating efficiency, infiltration rate high, that can significantly reduce power plant running cost slow, carbon dioxide removal is high, absorptive capacity is little, carbon dioxide eliminating rate is low etc.
In view of the serious harm of carbon dioxide, find a kind of carbon dioxide control technology extremely urgent.Domestic and international many tissues and scientific research institution have carried out relevant research to carbon dioxide capture technology, and have obtained some achievements.
Patent (the publication number: CN102160957A) that the invention of U.S.'s Kilimanjaro energy companies " is removed carbon dioxide " from air, the method is that the surface that absorbent is covered is exposed to air, utilize solid anion-exchange material to carry out capture and separation, this invention also provides air exposure in CO
2absorbent device.It is best mode that the method absorbs from air for the carbon dioxide that the movable fixtures such as automobile, aircraft are given off, and the patent of invention of application is mainly applicable to coal-fired plant flue gas and processes herein, provide a kind of and usingd steam and remove CO in coal-fired flue-gas as fluidizing gas
2device and method, reduced the energy consumption producing in purification, separated high-purity carbon dioxide gas process, process is obviously different.
Holland's Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V invention is " for from containing H
2s and CO
2acid gas stream in remove H
2s and CO
2method " patent (publication number: CN101820975A); absorbent is amine substance; described method is liquid absorption method; and method as herein described is as absorbent with solid alkali metal base; steam is as fluidizing gas; recycle in purifier together with flue gas after purifying, do not need flue gas and steam after isolation of purified.
Tsing-Hua University's invention " utilizes amine solid adsorbent to remove CO in flue gas
2gas technology and equipment " patent (publication number: CN102198360A), this technique makes the CO in flue gas
2gas fully contacts with amine solid adsorbent, CO
2gas molecule enters rapid diffusion in solid absorbent space, reacts with the amine liquid in space, makes CO
2be adsorbed agent quick adsorption, simultaneously to having absorbed CO
2amine solid adsorbent regenerate.Key point as herein described is to using steam as fluidizing gas, and steam can promote carbonation reaction to occur, and improves absorption efficiency.
Zhejiang University invention " a kind of for trapping or the absorbent of separating carbon dioxide " (publication number: CN102179132A), this absorbent is the aqueous solution of monoethanolamine and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole tetrafluoro boric acid sodium salt, has higher CO
2absorbability, easily regeneration.This absorbent liquid absorption carbon dioxide, and technique described in this patent is applicable to solid absorbent, belongs to Dry absorption method, with steam winding-up solid particle, makes its fluidization, has reduced the cost of separated high-purity carbon dioxide gas.
Invention " the CO in highly active potassium-base absorbing agent dry removal flue gas of Southeast China University
2device and method " (publication number: CN101298023A); the method is usingd carbon dioxide as fluidizing agent; the carbon dioxide in absorbing and removing flue gas; device organically combines with power plant system; utilize the waste heat of coal-burning power plant as the operation energy of apparatus system is a kind of prioritization scheme of investment and energy consumption.This patent is that from method difference as herein described fluidization medium used is different, to using saturated steam as fluidization medium herein, make respectively alkali metal base absorbant, the fluidization of alkali metal base regenerative agent particle, flue gas and steam mix in first order fluidized-bed reactor, and steam is not as fluidization medium in the patent of Southeast China University, steam first mixes with flue gas, then enters carbonation reactor.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of for removing coal-fired flue-gas CO
2device and method, for coal-fired flue-gas, can realize CO
2near-zero release, using saturated steam as fluidizing gas, significantly reduced with N
2during as fluidizing gas, for obtaining high-purity CO
2gas, needs separation of C O again
2and N
2cost and energy consumption, and alkali metal base absorbant used can regenerate, and recycles.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: provide a kind of for removing coal-fired flue-gas CO
2device, comprise water vapor generation device, first order fluidized-bed reactor, second level fluidized-bed reactor, first order cyclone separator, second level cyclone separator, CO
2purifier, CO
2gas bomb, described water vapor generation device connects feed pump, and the top of water vapor generation device connects respectively first order fluidized-bed reactor bottom and second level fluidized-bed reactor bottom; Described first order fluidized-bed reactor bottom opposite side is provided with gas approach, described first order fluidized-bed reactor bottom is connected with fluidized-bed reactor bottom, the second level by material circulation device, and described first order fluidized-bed reactor top connects first order cyclone separator top; Described first order cyclone separator top is provided with exhanst gas outlet, described first order cyclone separator bottom connects fluidized-bed reactor middle part, the second level, described cyclone separator bottom, the connection second level, fluidized-bed reactor top, the second level, described cyclone separator middle part, the connection second level, fluidized-bed reactor top, the second level; Described cyclone separator top, the second level connects CO
2purifier, described CO
2purifier opposite side connects CO
2gas bomb top, described CO
2purifier bottom is provided with condensation-water drain.
A kind of for removing coal-fired flue-gas CO
2method, comprise the following steps:
(a) coal-fired flue-gas after removing the PROCESS FOR TREATMENT such as particle, desulphurization denitration enters first order fluidized-bed reactor by gas approach; Utilize saturated steam that water vapor generation device the produces alkali metal base regenerative agent on air distribution plate in the alkali metal base absorbant on air distribution plate, second level fluidized-bed reactor of jetting respectively in first order fluidized-bed reactor;
(b) in first order fluidized-bed reactor, the CO in flue gas
2gas carries out sufficient hybrid concurrency life with alkali metal base absorbant and reacts, and its main chemical reactions equation is:
M
2CO
3+CO
2+H
2O→2MHCO
3+heat；
(c), after abundant reaction, the mixtures such as flue gas enter first order cyclone separator via first order fluidized-bed reactor top exit; Alkali metal base regenerative agent in first order cyclone separator separated alkali metal base regenerative agent and purify after flue gas, flue gas and steam after purification are discharged via exhanst gas outlet, and alkali metal base regenerative agent flows into second level fluidized-bed reactor from first order cyclone separator; In the fluidized-bed reactor of the second level, alkali metal base regenerative agent generation regenerative response, its main chemical reactions equation is:
2MHCO
3→M
2CO
3+CO
2+H
2O-heat；
(d) the alkali metal base absorbant generating in the fluidized-bed reactor of the second level flows into material circulation device, the alkali metal base regenerative agent of second level cyclone separator separation flows in the fluidized-bed reactor of the second level, alkali metal base absorbant in material circulation device flows into first order fluidized-bed reactor, then with flue gas in CO
2gas carries out carbonation reaction, thereby realize, recycles;
(e) CO generating in the fluidized-bed reactor of the second level
2absorbent and CO
2the mixture of gas enters second level cyclone separator from its top, through the separated CO that produces high concentration of second level cyclone separator
2gas, CO
2gas is through CO
2purifier is sent into CO after purifying
2gas bomb stores; CO
2the condensate water producing in purifier is discharged via condensation-water drain.
Described alkali metal base absorbant, the required gas of alkali metal base regenerative agent particle fluidization are produced by water vapor generation device, and steam flows into respectively first order fluidized-bed reactor and second level fluidized-bed reactor, as fluidizing gas.
The needed aqueous water of described water vapor generation device is provided by feed pump.
The situation that the straying quatity of described alkali metal base absorbant detects according to gas approach place coal-fired flue-gas and the use amount of fluidizing gas are determined and control.
beneficial effect
The present invention compared with prior art, has following beneficial effect:
1. in the inventive method, use saturated steam as fluidizing gas, reduced with N significantly
2during as fluidizing gas, for obtaining high-purity CO
2gas, needs again cost and the energy consumption of separating carbon dioxide gas and nitrogen, remarkable in economical benefits;
2. in the inventive method, use saturated steam as fluidizing gas, the carbonation reaction occurring in promotion first order fluidized-bed reactor, has improved CO
2arresting efficiency, reduce soak time, reduced the operating cost of system;
3. the inventive method is usingd saturated steam as fluidizing gas, discharge together with flue gas after purifying, flue gas after isolation of purified and steam, steam is easy to condensation, significantly reduced the cost of system, reduce the content of carbon dioxide in atmosphere, reduced the impact that greenhouse effects produce environment;
4. the alkali metal base absorbant for carbon dioxide removal gas can carry out absorption and regeneration reaction, and alkali metal base absorbant can recycle, and has reduced the operating cost of system;
5. the inventive method is used two-step fluidized bed reactor to remove and absorbent regeneration coal-fired flue-gas carbon dioxide, and removal efficiency is high, and can realize CO
2near-zero release;
6. the inventive method is used gas-solid separator to carry out gas solid separation to the absorption of alkali metal base, regenerative agent, has guaranteed recycling of alkali metal base absorbant;
7. the inventive method technique is simple, easy to operate, very easily promotes the use of and can transform existing apparatus, remarkable in economical benefits.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is apparatus structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
1. first order fluidized-bed reactor 2. first order cyclone separator 3. second level fluidized-bed reactors
4. second level cyclone separator 5.CO
2gas bomb 6. water vapor generation device 7. feed pumps
8.CO
2purifier 9. material circulation device 10. gas approach 11. exhanst gas outlet 12. condensation-water drains
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment are only not used in and limit the scope of the invention for the present invention is described.In addition should be understood that those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after having read the content of the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is a kind of for removing coal-fired flue-gas CO
2device, comprise water vapor generation device 6, first order fluidized-bed reactor 1, second level fluidized-bed reactor 3, first order cyclone separator 2, second level cyclone separator 4, CO
2purifier 8, CO
2gas bomb 5, described water vapor generation device 6 connects feed pump 7, and the top of water vapor generation device 6 connects respectively first order fluidized-bed reactor 1 bottom and second level fluidized-bed reactor 3 bottoms; Described first order fluidized-bed reactor 1 bottom opposite side is provided with gas approach 10, described first order fluidized-bed reactor 1 bottom is connected with second level fluidized-bed reactor 3 bottoms by material circulation device 9, and described first order fluidized-bed reactor 1 top connects first order cyclone separator 2 tops; Described first order cyclone separator 2 tops are provided with exhanst gas outlet 11, described first order cyclone separator 2 fluidized-bed reactor 3 middle parts, the connection second level, bottom, described second level fluidized-bed reactor 3 cyclone separator 4 bottoms, the connection second level, top, described second level fluidized-bed reactor 3 cyclone separator 4 middle parts, the connection second level, top; Described second level cyclone separator 4 tops connect CO
2purifier 8, described CO
2purifier 8 opposite sides connect CO
2gas bomb 5 tops, described CO
2purifier 8 bottoms are provided with condensation-water drain 12.
A kind of for removing coal-fired flue-gas CO
2method, comprise the following steps:
(a) coal-fired flue-gas after removing the PROCESS FOR TREATMENT such as particle, desulphurization denitration enters first order fluidized-bed reactor 1 by gas approach 10; The saturated steam that utilizes water vapor generation device 6 the to produce alkali metal base regenerative agent on air distribution plate in the alkali metal base absorbant on air distribution plate, second level fluidized-bed reactor 3 of jetting respectively in first order fluidized-bed reactor 1;
(b) in first order fluidized-bed reactor 1, the CO in flue gas
2gas carries out sufficient hybrid concurrency life with alkali metal base absorbant and reacts, and its main chemical reactions equation is:
M
2CO
3+CO
2+H
2O→2MHCO
3+heat；
(c), after abundant reaction, the mixtures such as flue gas enter first order cyclone separator 2 via first order fluidized-bed reactor 1 top exit; Alkali metal base regenerative agent in first order cyclone separator 2 separated alkali metal base regenerative agent and purify after flue gas, flue gas after purification and steam are discharged via exhanst gas outlet 11, and alkali metal base regenerative agent flows into second level fluidized-bed reactor 3 from first order cyclone separator 2; In second level fluidized-bed reactor 3, alkali metal base regenerative agent generation regenerative response, its main chemical reactions equation is:
2MHCO
3→M
2CO
3+CO
2+H
2O-heat；
(d) the alkali metal base absorbant generating in second level fluidized-bed reactor 3 flows into material circulation device 9, the alkali metal base regenerative agent of second level cyclone separator 4 separation flows in second level fluidized-bed reactor 3, alkali metal base absorbant in material circulation device 9 flows into first order fluidized-bed reactor 1, then with flue gas in CO
2gas carries out carbonation reaction, thereby realize, recycles;
(e) CO generating in second level fluidized-bed reactor 3
2absorbent and CO
2the mixture of gas enters second level cyclone separator 4 from its top, through the separated CO that produces high concentration of second level cyclone separator 4
2gas, CO
2gas is through CO
2after purifying, purifier 8 sends into CO
2gas bomb 5 stores; CO
2the condensate water producing in purifier 8 is discharged via condensation-water drain 12.
Described alkali metal base absorbant, the required gas of regenerative agent particle fluidization are produced by water vapor generation device 6, and steam flows into respectively first order fluidized-bed reactor 1 and second level fluidized-bed reactor 3, as fluidizing gas.
The described needed aqueous water of water vapor generation device 6 is provided by feed pump 7.
The situation that the straying quatity of described alkali metal base absorbant detects according to gas approach 10 place's coal-fired flue-gas and the use amount of fluidizing gas are determined and control.
When flue gas is purified, with N
2during as fluidizing gas, the CO of the high concentration after purification
2gas still contains N
2, obtain high-purity CO
2gas, need to be to N
2and CO
2gas carries out again separated, N
2and CO
2separation costs high, energy consumption is large; And using saturated steam as fluidizing gas, at CO
2in purifier 8, purify CO
2time, steam and CO
2component compare N
2and CO
2component more easily separated, in order to obtain highly purified CO
2gas, has reduced separated and purification CO significantly
2the cost of gas and energy consumption, save operating cost, remarkable in economical benefits.
Using saturated steam as fluidizing gas, can promote the carbonation reaction of generation in first order fluidized-bed reactor 1, strengthen the absorption CO of alkali metal base absorbant
2the effect of gas, has improved CO
2arresting efficiency.
High-purity CO that alkali metal base absorbant regenerative response produces in second level cyclone separator 4
2gas is sent into CO after purifying
2gas bomb 5 stores, and can realize CO
2near-zero release; In addition, alkali metal base absorbant can recycle.
In subtractive process of the present invention, the situation that can detect according to gas approach 10 place's coal-fired flue-gas and the use amount of first order fluidized-bed reactor 1 fluidizing gas medium are controlled the straying quatity of alkali metal base absorbant.
Claims (4)
1. one kind for removing coal-fired flue-gas CO
2device, comprise water vapor generation device (6), first order fluidized-bed reactor (1), second level fluidized-bed reactor (3), first order cyclone separator (2), second level cyclone separator (4), CO
2purifier (8), CO
2gas bomb (5), is characterized in that: described water vapor generation device (6) connects feed pump (7), and the top of water vapor generation device (6) connects respectively first order fluidized-bed reactor (1) bottom and second level fluidized-bed reactor (3) bottom; Described first order fluidized-bed reactor (1) bottom opposite side is provided with gas approach (10), described first order fluidized-bed reactor (1) bottom is connected with second level fluidized-bed reactor (3) bottom by material circulation device (9), and described first order fluidized-bed reactor (1) top connects first order cyclone separator (2) top; Described first order cyclone separator (2) top is provided with exhanst gas outlet (11), described first order cyclone separator (2) bottom connects second level fluidized-bed reactor (3) middle part, described second level fluidized-bed reactor (3) top connection second level cyclone separator (4) bottom, described second level fluidized-bed reactor (3) top connection second level cyclone separator (4) middle part; Described second level cyclone separator (4) top connects CO
2purifier (8), described CO
2purifier (8) opposite side connects CO
2gas bomb (5) top, described CO
2purifier (8) bottom is provided with condensation-water drain (12); Described water vapor generation device (6) is for generation of alkali metal base absorbant, the required gas of alkali metal base regenerative agent particle fluidization, and the steam that described water vapor generation device (6) produces flows into respectively first order fluidized-bed reactor (1) and second level fluidized-bed reactor (3) as fluidizing gas.
2. one kind for removing coal-fired flue-gas CO
2method, use as claimed in claim 1 a kind of for removing coal-fired flue-gas CO
2device, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(a) coal-fired flue-gas after removing particle, desulfurizing and denitrifying process processing enters first order fluidized-bed reactor (1) by gas approach (10); Alkali metal base regenerative agent on the middle air distribution plate of alkali metal base absorbant, second level fluidized-bed reactor (3) that the saturated steam that utilizes water vapor generation device (6) to produce is jetted respectively on the middle air distribution plate of first order fluidized-bed reactor (1);
(b) in first order fluidized-bed reactor (1), the CO in flue gas
2gas carries out sufficient hybrid concurrency life with alkali metal base absorbant and reacts, and its main chemical reactions equation is:
M
2CO
3+CO
2+H
2O→2MHCO
3+heat；
(c), after abundant reaction, smoke mixture enters first order cyclone separator (2) via first order fluidized-bed reactor (1) top exit; Alkali metal base regenerative agent in first order cyclone separator (2) separated alkali metal base regenerative agent and purify after flue gas, flue gas after purification and steam are discharged via exhanst gas outlet (11), and alkali metal base regenerative agent flows into second level fluidized-bed reactor (3) from first order cyclone separator (2); In second level fluidized-bed reactor (3), alkali metal base regenerative agent generation regenerative response, its main chemical reactions equation is:
2MHCO
3→M
2CO
3+CO
2+H
2O－heat；
(d) the alkali metal base absorbant generating in second level fluidized-bed reactor (3) flows into material circulation device (9), the separated alkali metal base regenerative agent of second level cyclone separator (4) flows in second level fluidized-bed reactor (3), alkali metal base absorbant in material circulation device (9) flows into first order fluidized-bed reactor (1), then with flue gas in CO
2gas carries out carbonation reaction, thereby realize, recycles;
(e) CO generating in second level fluidized-bed reactor (3)
2absorbent and CO
2the mixture of gas enters second level cyclone separator (4) from its top, through the separated CO that produces high concentration of second level cyclone separator (4)
2gas, CO
2gas is through CO
2purifier (8) is sent into CO after purifying
2gas bomb (5) stores; CO
2the condensate water producing in purifier (8) is discharged via condensation-water drain (12);
Wherein, described alkali metal base absorbant, the required gas of alkali metal base regenerative agent particle fluidization are produced by water vapor generation device (6), steam flows into respectively first order fluidized-bed reactor (1) and second level fluidized-bed reactor (3), as fluidizing gas.
3. as claimed in claim 2 a kind of for removing coal-fired flue-gas CO
2method, it is characterized in that: the needed aqueous water of described water vapor generation device (6) is provided by feed pump (7).
4. as claimed in claim 2 a kind of for removing coal-fired flue-gas CO
2method, it is characterized in that: the straying quatity of described alkali metal base absorbant locates according to gas approach (10) situation that coal-fired flue-gas detects and the use amount of fluidizing gas is determined and controls.
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| CN201210019334.4A CN102553433B (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2012-01-20 | Device and method for removing CO2 in coal-fired flue gas |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210019334.4A CN102553433B (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2012-01-20 | Device and method for removing CO2 in coal-fired flue gas |
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| CN106824094B (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2019-06-14 | 南京师范大学 | It is a kind of to remove power-plant flue gas CO using modified gangue2System and its implementation method |
| CN108636059B (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2020-06-05 | 太原理工大学 | Integrated device and method for capturing and regenerating carbon dioxide |
| CN113230826A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-08-10 | 安徽徽柏环保科技有限公司 | Cadmium-containing flue gas cadmium oxide heavy metal recovery and purification process |
| CN115069066B (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2023-06-30 | 浙江大学 | Adsorption fluidized bed carbon capture system and method utilizing low-pressure turbine steam of power plant |
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