CN108636059B - Integrated device and method for capturing and regenerating carbon dioxide - Google Patents
Integrated device and method for capturing and regenerating carbon dioxide Download PDFInfo
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- CN108636059B CN108636059B CN201810412872.7A CN201810412872A CN108636059B CN 108636059 B CN108636059 B CN 108636059B CN 201810412872 A CN201810412872 A CN 201810412872A CN 108636059 B CN108636059 B CN 108636059B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/06—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with moving adsorbents, e.g. rotating beds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/32—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group B01D61/00
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
- F22B1/1892—Systems therefor not provided for in F22B1/1807 - F22B1/1861
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/20—Organic adsorbents
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
- B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/40—Further details for adsorption processes and devices
- B01D2259/40083—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption
- B01D2259/40088—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating
- B01D2259/4009—Regeneration of adsorbents in processes other than pressure or temperature swing adsorption by heating using hot gas
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
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- B01D2259/80—Employing electric, magnetic, electromagnetic or wave energy, or particle radiation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
Abstract
The invention discloses an integrated device and a method for capturing and regenerating carbon dioxide, wherein the device consists of a water vaporization device, a flue gas and water vapor mixing device, a gas ionizer, a carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device and a gas-solid separating device; the carbon dioxide in the flue gas is captured and recovered by heating the flue gas, adsorbing the carbon dioxide and circularly regenerating the adsorbent so as to reduce the emission of the carbon dioxide. The low-grade heat energy is recovered from the flue gas to heat the water and the adsorbent, so that water vapor is formed to promote carbon dioxide adsorption, the cyclic utilization of the carbon dioxide adsorbent is realized, and the energy benefit of the whole adsorption process is further improved. A gas ionizer is additionally arranged in the mixing device of the flue gas and the water vapor, so that the gas is ionized, and the adsorption of the gas is promoted. The invention has the advantages of simple equipment, small volume, compact structure, low investment and high utilization efficiency of the adsorbent, and is suitable for being applied to flue gas purification and carbon dioxide collection of coal-fired power plants.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an integrated device and a method for capturing and regenerating carbon dioxide, belonging to the field of recycling of carbon dioxide.
Background
Carbon dioxide produced by the combustion of fossil fuels is considered one of the most prominent greenhouse gases. The increasing concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere leads to an increasing greenhouse effect year by year and causes environmental problems such as global warming, sea level elevation, glacier melting, and the like. For CO in large-scale flue gas sources of coal-fired power plants, cement plants and the like2The capture and storage will help to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and alleviate greenhouse effects. With CO2And is also a potential carbon resource. At present on the earthThe resources are increasingly tense, and many scholars are working on CO2Investigation of capture and sequestration and utilization, where CO is separated and captured from flue gases2Are receiving more and more attention.
Currently, many carbon dioxide capture technologies are widely studied, including chemical absorption, chemical adsorption, membrane separation, and the like. Wherein the liquid amine absorbs CO2The trapping process has been put into practical use, and the method has the advantages of high efficiency, large absorption capacity and the like. However, the method has many disadvantages that limit its wide use, such as the absorption performance is reduced due to the fact that the alcohol amine solution is easy to undergo oxidative degradation and volatilization; the strong alkalinity of the solution has serious corrosion effect on instruments and equipment; the regeneration consumption of the alcohol amine solution is large, and the like.
In order to overcome the defects, the CO absorption method is used for replacing the alcohol amine solution absorption method2The capture technology, the use of porous materials as solid adsorbents for CO production, has been proposed2An adsorptive process. Common porous materials are Activated Carbon (AC), zeolites, basic metal oxides (M)xOy) Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) and Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs), mesoporous silicon-based materials, and the like. Solid adsorbents are regarded as important because of their simpler operation and less corrosive equipment, but these adsorbents generally have the disadvantages of poor selectivity, low adsorption capacity, etc. To further increase CO2The adsorption capacity and the adsorption/desorption rate consider that the liquid organic amine is loaded on the porous carrier through a physical impregnation method or a chemical grafting method, so that the amine solid adsorbent is prepared.
Compared with the method of directly taking a porous material as an adsorbent, the solid amine adsorbent can adsorb CO with high selectivity through chemical action2Has higher adsorption/desorption rate and improves the water resistance of the adsorbent, and according to the study of scholars, the interaction of the water vapor with the organic amine and the carbon dioxide can improve the CO adsorption of the solid amine adsorbent in the presence of the water vapor2The amount of adsorption of (3). Compared with the liquid amine solution absorption method, the solid amine adsorption method also has the advantages of simple operation, low regeneration energy consumption, small corrosion to equipment, high adsorption and desorption rate and the like. Chinese patent CN104258828A relates to a hollow core made of silicon dioxideDevelopment of amine solid adsorbent by using balls as carrier for capturing CO in flue gas2. In the aspect of a process device for separating carbon dioxide from solid amine, chinese patent CN104162341A relates to a device and a method for collecting carbon dioxide from industrial flue gas, and realizes the recycling of an adsorbent by using a heater and a cooler to perform cold and heat treatment on the adsorbent, but the device has increased energy consumption, and a feeder and a riser are additionally arranged to complete the recycling process of the adsorbent, but the process of the adsorption process is complicated and the device is dispersed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an integrated device and a method for capturing and regenerating carbon dioxide, which can capture the carbon dioxide in flue gas to reduce the emission of the carbon dioxide.
The invention fully utilizes a large amount of low-grade waste heat contained in the flue gas to heat water to generate steam, and improves the adsorption quantity of the adsorbent to carbon dioxide. Meanwhile, the adsorbent is heated and regenerated by using the low-grade waste heat in the flue gas, so that the cyclic utilization of the carbon dioxide adsorbent is realized, and the energy benefit of the whole process is improved.
The invention provides an integrated device for capturing and regenerating carbon dioxide, which comprises a water vaporization device, a flue gas and water vapor mixing device, a gas ionizer, a carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent generating device and a gas-solid separation device, wherein the flue gas and water vapor mixing device is connected with the gas ionizer;
the water vaporization device is externally of a regular quadrangular frustum pyramid structure, the center of the upper part of the water vaporization device is provided with a flue gas inlet, the bottom of the water vaporization device is provided with a flue gas outlet and a water vapor outlet, and the side surface of the water vaporization device is provided with a water replenishing port; the device is internally divided into an inner layer, a middle layer and an outer layer, the outer layer annular channel is a flue gas channel, the middle layer annular channel is a water channel, the inner layer channel is a water vapor channel, a flue gas inlet directly leads to the flue gas channel, a water supplementing port is connected with the water channel through a pipeline, and the bottom of the water vapor channel is provided with a water vapor outlet;
the flue gas channel is arranged outside the water channel and is used for heating and vaporizing water;
the lower part of the device is connected with a flue gas and water vapor mixing device;
the flue gas and steam mixing device is of a cuboid structure, the top of the flue gas and steam mixing device is communicated with a flue gas outlet and a steam outlet of the water vaporization device, and a mixed gas outlet is formed in the center of the bottom of the flue gas and steam mixing device; baffles are arranged in the device and are uniformly arranged in parallel in multiple layers; the outer side of the device is connected with a gas ionizer; the inner wall of the device is provided with an insulating layer to prevent the whole device from being electrified; the lower part of the device is connected with a carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device;
the two sides of the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device are respectively connected with a carbon dioxide-cyclone separator and a waste gas-cyclone separator, the centers of the tops of the carbon dioxide-cyclone separator and the waste gas-cyclone separator are provided with gas outlets, the side surface of the lower end of the carbon dioxide-cyclone separator and the waste gas-cyclone separator is provided with an adsorbent outlet, and the upper end of one side opposite to the adsorbent outlet is provided with a gas inlet;
the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device consists of an upper cavity and a lower cavity, wherein the upper cavity and the lower cavity are separated by a barrier plate, so that carbon dioxide released by a heating adsorbent is prevented from entering an upper cavity of the device, the upper cavity is of a cuboid structure, the lower cavity is of a semi-cylinder, the semi-cylinder of the semi-cylinder is connected with the barrier plate, the upper cavity is divided into an interlayer and a middle layer, the interlayer is a heat-insulating layer (the inside is made of a common heat-insulating material), the left side of the upper cavity is provided with an adsorbent supplementing port, the right side of the upper cavity is provided with a waste gas outlet, and the waste gas outlet;
a carbon dioxide outlet is formed in the bottom of the left side of the lower chamber and connected with a carbon dioxide-cyclone separator;
the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device is internally provided with a rotary gear with longer saw teeth, a gear shaft is arranged between an upper cavity and a lower cavity, two ends of the gear shaft are fixed on the left side wall and the right side wall between the upper cavity and the lower cavity, the gear shaft and a baffle plate are arranged in parallel, and the adsorbent is circulated in the device through gear rotation; the outer side of the lower chamber is provided with a flue gas heating interlayer, the center of the bottom of the interlayer is provided with a flue gas inlet, the side surface of the interlayer is provided with a flue gas outlet, and the flue gas outlet is connected with a water vaporization device through a pipeline;
the gas ionizer comprises a discharge electrode and a collector electrode, wherein the first layer of baffle in the flue gas and water vapor mixing device is the discharge electrode, and the baffle on the other side opposite to the discharge electrode is the collector electrode.
The carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device has the following reasons that the lower cavity is arranged into a semi-cylinder structure: adsorbent in the upper and lower cavity will be driven by the long sawtooth of gear, could be in upper and lower cavity inner loop, if the lower part cavity also be the cuboid with the upper portion cavity, in the lower corner of cuboid, the gear sawtooth can not reach, will make the adsorbent part that gets into the lower part cavity leave over in lower part cavity turning, can not circulate to the upper portion cavity.
In the above device, the adsorbent in the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device is a solid amine adsorbent.
In the above device, the insulating layer is rubber or ceramic.
In the device, two blocking plates are arranged between the upper part and the lower part of the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device, two sides of the gear shaft are made of elastic rubber materials respectively, one side of each blocking plate, which is close to the gear shaft, is not fixed, and one side of each blocking plate, which is close to the front wall and the rear wall of the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device, is fixed on the front inner wall and the rear inner wall between the upper cavity and the lower cavity.
All there is the sawtooth of gear in upper and lower cavity, and the baffler that wherein sets up is the soft elastic rectangular plate of rubber material, and one side that two baffler boards are close to the gear shaft is all not fixed, nevertheless with the gear shaft contact. One side close to the front and rear walls of the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device is fixed to the front and rear inner walls between the upper chamber portion and the lower chamber. When the gear rotates, the long saw teeth bend the soft and elastic blocking plate along the lower cavity wall, and after the saw teeth rotate, the blocking plate returns to the original position before the next saw teeth reach the upper part of the blocking plate. The presence of the blocker plate does not affect the gear rotation.
In the above device, the rotating gear in the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device has 2-4 saw teeth.
In the device, the carbon dioxide-cyclone separator and the waste gas-cyclone separator are respectively connected with a carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device through pipelines.
In the device, the side length of the top of the water vaporization device is 200 mm-1000 mm, and the side length of the bottom of the water vaporization device is 1000 mm-2000 mm.
The invention provides a method for capturing and regenerating carbon dioxide, which adopts the device and comprises the following steps:
(1) flue gas is introduced into the water vaporization device from a flue gas inlet at the top center of the water vaporization device; in the water vapor device, flue gas passes through the outer wall of a water storage interlayer in the device, water is heated by using the waste heat of the flue gas, the water is vaporized to form water vapor, and the water vapor and the flue gas enter the flue gas and water vapor mixing device through a flue gas outlet and a water vapor outlet at the lower part of the device;
(2) the flue gas and the water vapor entering the flue gas and water vapor mixing device are firstly ionized by the gas ionizer, the flue gas and the water vapor are fully mixed under the action of the baffle plate, and then the mixed gas enters the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device through an outlet in the center of the bottom of the flue gas and water vapor mixing device;
(3) introducing a mixed gas of water vapor and flue gas into the upper part of a carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device, adsorbing the carbon dioxide in the mixed gas by a solid amine adsorbent positioned between saw teeth of a rotating gear in the device, introducing the flue gas from which the carbon dioxide is removed into a waste gas-cyclone separator from a gas-solid mixture outlet of a waste gas adsorbent, separating a small amount of adsorbent carried by the waste gas, and then re-introducing the separated adsorbent into an upper chamber of the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device through a pipeline, and discharging the waste gas into the atmosphere from a pure waste gas outlet at the center of the top of the waste gas-cyclone separator;
(4) the adsorbent after adsorbing the carbon dioxide is brought into the lower chamber by the rotation of the rotating gear in the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device, and the flue gas is introduced into a flue gas heating interlayer of the lower chamber of the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device from a flue gas inlet at the bottom; the adsorbent after adsorbing the carbon dioxide is heated by the flue gas in the interlayer to release the carbon dioxide, the flue gas discharged from the flue gas heating interlayer at the lower part of the device enters a water vapor device through a pipeline to be converged with the flue gas in the water vapor device, the carbon dioxide released by the carbon carries a small amount of adsorbent to enter a carbon dioxide-cyclone separator through a carbon dioxide adsorbent gas-solid mixture outlet, the separated carbon dioxide is discharged from a pure carbon dioxide outlet at the center of the top of the gas-solid separation device to be collected, and the small amount of adsorbent carried by the carbon dioxide is separated and then enters an upper cavity of the carbon dioxide collection and adsorbent regeneration device again through the pipeline; the adsorbent releasing carbon dioxide enters the upper chamber again along with the rotating gear to perform cyclic adsorption of carbon dioxide.
In the method, the flue gas comes from a cement kiln plant or a coking plant of a coal-fired power plant.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention realizes the effective capture of carbon dioxide in flue gas to reduce the emission of carbon dioxide;
(2) the invention utilizes the low-grade heat energy in the flue gas to heat water to generate steam, thereby improving the adsorption effect of the adsorbent on carbon dioxide;
(3) the method utilizes the low-grade waste heat in the flue gas to heat and regenerate the adsorbent, improves the energy benefit of the whole adsorption process, realizes the cyclic utilization of the carbon dioxide adsorbent, and has higher utilization efficiency of the adsorbent;
(4) the device has the advantages of simple equipment, small volume, compact structure and low investment.
(5) The gas ionizer is additionally arranged in the mixing device of the flue gas and the water vapor, so that the gas is ionized, and the gas is favorably adsorbed by the adsorbent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a cyclic regeneration carbon dioxide capture integrated device;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the relative positions of the gear shaft and the blocking plate.
FIG. 3 is a side view of a carbon dioxide collection and sorbent regeneration device.
In the figure, 1: water vaporization apparatus, 1.1: flue gas inlet, 1.2: water replenishment port, 1.3: water storage interlayer, 1.4: flue gas outlet, 1.5: a water vapor outlet; 2: flue gas and steam mixing device, 2.1: baffle, 2.2: mixed gas outlet, 2.3: an insulating layer; 3: gas ionizer, 3.1: discharge electrode, 3.2: a collector electrode; 4: carbon dioxide collection and adsorbent regeneration device, 4.1: barrier plate, 4.2: upper chamber, 4.3: a lower chamber; 4.4: insulating layer, 4.5: flue gas heating sandwich, 4.6: flue gas inlet, 4.7: flue gas outlet, 4.8: exhaust outlet, 4.9: adsorbent replenishment port, 4.10: carbon dioxide outlet, 4.11: pipe, 4.12: serration, 4.13: a rotating gear; 5: carbon dioxide-cyclone, 5.1: pure carbon dioxide outlet, 5.2: carbon dioxide inlet, 5.3: an adsorbent outlet; 6: off-gas-cyclone, 6.1: pure exhaust gas outlet, 6.2: sorbent outlet, 6.3: and an exhaust gas inlet.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by, but is not limited to, the following examples.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, a cyclic regeneration carbon dioxide capture integrated device comprises a water vaporization device 1, a flue gas and water vapor mixing device 2, a gas ionizer 3, a carbon dioxide collection and adsorbent regeneration device 4, a carbon dioxide-cyclone separator 5 and a waste gas-cyclone separator 6;
the water vaporization device is in a regular quadrangular frustum pyramid shape, the center of the upper part of the device is provided with a flue gas inlet 1.1, the bottom surface of the lower part of the device is provided with a flue gas outlet 1.4 and a steam outlet 1.5, the side surface of the middle part of the device is provided with a water replenishing port 1.2, a quadrangular frustum pyramid-shaped water storage interlayer 1.3 is arranged in the device, and flue gas passes through the outer wall of the water storage interlayer 1.3 to heat and gasify water; the lower part of the device is connected with a flue gas and water vapor mixing device 2;
the flue gas and steam mixing device is in a square shape, the top of the device is connected with the water vaporization device 1 through a flue gas outlet 1.4 and a steam outlet 1.5, a baffle 2.1 is arranged in the device, a mixed gas outlet 2.2 is arranged at the center of the bottom of the device, the baffles are uniformly arranged in parallel in multiple layers, and the upper end of the device is connected with the gas ionizer 3; the inner wall of the device is provided with an insulating layer 2.3 to prevent the whole device from being electrified; a carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device 4 is connected below the device;
the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device is characterized in that the upper part of the device is square, the lower part of the device is semi-cylindrical, the side surface of the lower end of the device is provided with a carbon dioxide outlet 4.10, the side surface of the middle part of the device is provided with a waste gas outlet 4.8, the carbon dioxide outlet 4.10 and the waste gas outlet 4.8 are respectively positioned at two sides of the device, a baffle plate 4.1 is arranged between an upper chamber 4.2 and a lower chamber 4.3 of the device and used for preventing carbon dioxide released by heating the adsorbent at the lower part from entering the upper chamber 4.2 of the device, a rotating gear 4.13 with saw teeth 4.12 is arranged in the device, and the adsorbent positioned between the saw teeth circulates in the device through the rotation of the; the outer side of the lower part of the device is provided with a flue gas heating interlayer 4.5, the center of the bottom of the interlayer is provided with a flue gas inlet 4.6, the side surface of the interlayer is provided with a flue gas outlet 4.7, and the outlet is connected with a water vaporizing device 1 through a pipeline 4.11;
the gas ionizer 3 comprises a discharge electrode 3.1 and a collector electrode 3.2, the first layer of baffle on the inner side of the upper end of the flue gas and water vapor mixing device is the discharge electrode, and the baffle on the other side opposite to the discharge electrode is the collector electrode;
the carbon dioxide-cyclone separator is characterized in that a pure carbon dioxide outlet 5.1 is formed in the center of the top of the carbon dioxide-cyclone separator, a carbon dioxide inlet 5.2 is formed in the side face of the upper end of the carbon dioxide-cyclone separator, an adsorbent outlet 5.3 is formed in the lower end of the side opposite to the carbon dioxide inlet, and the adsorbent outlet 5.3 is connected with the upper part of a carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device through a pipeline;
the top center of the waste gas-cyclone separator is provided with a pure waste gas outlet 6.1, the side surface of the upper end of the waste gas-cyclone separator is provided with a waste gas inlet 6.3, the lower end of one side opposite to the waste gas inlet is provided with an adsorbent outlet 6.2, and the adsorbent outlet 6.2 is connected with the upper part of a carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device through a pipeline.
In the above device, the adsorbent in the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device 4 is a solid amine adsorbent.
In the above device, the insulating layer 2.3 is rubber or ceramic.
In the device, the baffle plates 4.1 in the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbing agent regenerating device 4 are made of elastic rubber materials, one sides of the two baffle plates close to the gear shaft are not fixed, and one sides close to the front wall and the rear wall of the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbing agent regenerating device are fixed on the front inner wall and the rear inner wall between the upper cavity part and the lower cavity.
In the device, the rotating gear 4.13 in the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device 4 is provided with 2-4 saw teeth 4.12.
In the device, the carbon dioxide-cyclone separator and the waste gas-cyclone separator are respectively connected with a carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device through pipelines.
The water vaporization device has the following functions: allowing flue gas to be introduced from an inlet at the top center of the device, the flue gas passing through the outer wall of a water storage interlayer inside the device, and heating water by using the waste heat of the flue gas; vaporizing water to form steam, the steam and the flue gas entering the flue gas and steam mixing device through a flue gas outlet and a steam outlet at the bottom of the device;
flue gas and steam mixing device, into which vaporized steam and flue gas are introduced, the function of which is: the water vapor and the flue gas entering the device are ionized by a gas ionizer arranged at the upper end of the device, and then the water vapor and the flue gas are fully mixed under the action of a baffle plate in the device; the mixed gas enters a carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device through an outlet in the center of the bottom of the device;
the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device is characterized in that a mixed gas of water vapor and flue gas is introduced into the upper part of the device, and the mixed gas has the following functions: carbon dioxide in the mixed gas is adsorbed by a solid amine adsorbent positioned between saw teeth of a rotating gear of the device, flue gas from which the carbon dioxide is removed enters a waste gas-cyclone separator from a waste gas outlet, a small amount of adsorbent carried by the waste gas is separated and then enters the upper part of the device again through a pipeline, and pure waste gas is discharged into the atmosphere from a gas outlet at the center of the top of the waste gas-cyclone separator; the flue gas exhausted from the flue gas heating interlayer at the lower part of the device enters the steam generation device through a pipeline to be converged with the flue gas introduced into the steam generation device from the top center of the integrated device, the carbon dioxide released by heating carries a small amount of the adsorbent and enters the carbon dioxide-cyclone separator through a carbon dioxide outlet, the separated pure carbon dioxide is discharged and collected from a gas outlet at the top center of the carbon dioxide-cyclone separator, and the small amount of the adsorbent carried by the carbon dioxide enters the upper part of the device again through the pipeline after being separated; the adsorbent releasing carbon dioxide enters the upper part of the device again along with the rotation of the rotating gear to perform carbon dioxide adsorption circulation;
the gas ionizer has the functions of: ionizing the gas in the flue gas and the water vapor; wherein the first layer of baffle plate at the inner side of the upper end of the flue gas and water vapor mixing device is a discharge electrode, and the baffle plate at the other side opposite to the discharge electrode is a collector electrode;
the carbon dioxide-cyclone separator is a cyclone separator and has the following functions: the mixture of the carbon dioxide and the adsorbent enters the cyclone separator from the side, the carbon dioxide obtained by separation is discharged and collected from a central gas outlet at the top of the cyclone separator through cyclone separation, and the separated adsorbent enters the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device from a pipeline connected with the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device at the bottom of the cyclone separator.
The waste gas-cyclone separator is a cyclone separator and has the following functions: the mixture of the waste gas and the adsorbent enters the cyclone separator from the side, the waste gas is discharged into the atmosphere from a central gas outlet at the top of the cyclone separator through cyclone separation, and the separated adsorbent enters the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device from a pipeline connected with the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device at the bottom of the cyclone separator.
The method for catching and regenerating carbon dioxide by adopting the device comprises the following steps:
firstly, the solid amine adsorbent is put into the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device from the adsorbent replenishing port, and the rotating gear is opened to enable the adsorbent to form circulation in the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device. Then water is injected into the water storage interlayer from a water replenishing port on the water vaporization device, and the height of the stored water does not exceed the height of the water injection port.
Flue gas from a coal fired power plant or the like is then introduced into the water vaporization unit from a flue gas inlet at the top center of the water vaporization unit; the side length of the upper table top of the water vaporization device can be 200 mm-1000 mm, the side length of the lower table top is 1000 mm-2000 mm, in the water vaporization device, flue gas passes through the outer wall of a water storage interlayer in the device, water is heated by using the waste heat of the flue gas, water is vaporized to form steam, so that the waste heat of the flue gas is recovered, and the steam and the flue gas enter the flue gas and steam mixing device through a flue gas outlet and a steam outlet at the lower part of the device.
The flue gas and the water vapor entering the flue gas and water vapor mixing device are firstly ionized by the gas ionizer, then the flue gas and the water vapor are fully mixed under the action of the baffle in the device, and then the mixed gas enters the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device through the mixed gas outlet at the center of the bottom of the flue gas and water vapor mixing device.
Introducing a mixed gas of water vapor and flue gas into an upper chamber of a carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device, adsorbing the carbon dioxide in the mixed gas by a solid amine adsorbent positioned between saw teeth of a rotating gear in the device, introducing the flue gas from which the carbon dioxide is removed into a waste gas-adsorbent gas-solid separation device from a waste gas outlet, separating a small amount of adsorbent carried by the waste gas-adsorbent gas-solid separation device, and then re-introducing the adsorbent into the upper chamber through a pipeline, and discharging pure waste gas into the atmosphere from a pure waste gas outlet 6.1 in the center of the top of the waste gas-adsorbent gas-solid separation device;
the adsorbent after adsorbing the carbon dioxide is brought into the lower chamber by the rotation of the rotating gear in the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device, and the flue gas is introduced into a flue gas heating interlayer of the lower chamber of the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device from a flue gas inlet at the bottom; the adsorbent after adsorbing the carbon dioxide is heated by the flue gas in the interlayer to release the carbon dioxide, the flue gas discharged from the flue gas heating interlayer at the lower part of the device enters a water vapor device through a pipeline to be converged with the flue gas in the water vapor device, the released carbon dioxide enters a carbon dioxide-adsorbent gas-solid separation device, the pure carbon dioxide separated by the carbon dioxide-adsorbent gas-solid separation device is discharged and collected from a pure carbon dioxide outlet 5.1 at the center of the top, and a small amount of adsorbent carried by the carbon dioxide is separated and then enters the upper chamber again through the pipeline; the adsorbent releasing carbon dioxide enters the upper chamber again along with the rotary gear to perform carbon dioxide adsorption circulation.
Claims (9)
1. An integrated device for capturing and regenerating carbon dioxide is characterized in that: comprises a water vaporization device, a flue gas and water vapor mixing device, a gas ionizer, a carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device and a gas-solid separating device;
the water vaporization device is externally of a regular quadrangular frustum pyramid structure, the center of the upper part of the water vaporization device is provided with a flue gas inlet, the bottom of the water vaporization device is provided with a flue gas outlet and a water vapor outlet, and the side surface of the water vaporization device is provided with a water replenishing port; the device is internally divided into an inner layer, a middle layer and an outer layer, the outer layer annular channel is a flue gas channel, the middle layer annular channel is a water channel, the inner layer channel is a water vapor channel, a flue gas inlet directly leads to the flue gas channel, a water supplementing port is connected with the water channel through a pipeline, and the bottom of the water vapor channel is provided with a water vapor outlet;
the lower part of the device is connected with a flue gas and water vapor mixing device;
the flue gas and steam mixing device is of a cuboid structure, the top of the flue gas and steam mixing device is communicated with a flue gas outlet and a steam outlet of the water vaporization device, and a mixed gas outlet is formed in the center of the bottom of the flue gas and steam mixing device; baffles are arranged inside the flue gas and steam mixing device and are uniformly arranged in parallel in multiple layers; the outer side of the flue gas and water vapor mixing device is connected with a gas ionizer; the inner wall of the flue gas and steam mixing device is provided with an insulating layer to prevent the whole device from being electrified; the lower part of the flue gas and steam mixing device is connected with a carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device;
the two sides of the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device are respectively connected with a carbon dioxide-cyclone separator and a waste gas-cyclone separator, the centers of the tops of the carbon dioxide-cyclone separator and the waste gas-cyclone separator are respectively provided with a gas outlet, the side surface of the lower end of the carbon dioxide-cyclone separator and the waste gas-cyclone separator is provided with an adsorbent outlet, and the upper end of the side opposite to the adsorbent outlet is provided with a gas inlet;
the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device consists of an upper cavity and a lower cavity, wherein the upper cavity and the lower cavity are separated by a baffle plate, the upper cavity is of a cuboid structure, the lower cavity is of a semi-cylinder, the semi-cylinder of the semi-cylinder is connected with the baffle plate, the upper cavity is divided into an interlayer and a middle layer, the interlayer is a heat insulation layer, an adsorbent replenishing port is arranged on the left side of the upper cavity, a waste gas outlet is arranged on the right side of the upper cavity, and the waste gas outlet is connected with a waste gas-cyclone separator;
the bottom of the left side of the lower chamber is provided with a carbon dioxide outlet which is connected with a carbon dioxide-cyclone separator,
the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device is internally provided with a rotating gear with long saw teeth, a gear shaft is arranged on the connecting surface of the upper cavity and the lower cavity, two ends of the gear shaft are fixed on the left side wall and the right side wall of the upper cavity and the lower cavity, the gear shaft and the baffle plate are arranged in parallel, and the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device is circulated by the gear rotating adsorbent; the outer side of the lower chamber is provided with a flue gas heating interlayer, the center of the bottom of the interlayer is provided with a flue gas inlet, the side surface of the interlayer is provided with a flue gas outlet, and the flue gas outlet is connected with a water vaporization device through a pipeline;
the gas ionizer comprises a discharge electrode and a collector electrode, wherein the first layer of baffle in the flue gas and water vapor mixing device is the discharge electrode, and the baffle on the other side opposite to the discharge electrode is the collector electrode.
2. The integrated carbon dioxide capture and regeneration device of claim 1, wherein: the adsorbent in the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device is a solid amine adsorbent.
3. The integrated carbon dioxide capture and regeneration device of claim 1, wherein: the insulating layer is made of rubber or ceramic.
4. The integrated carbon dioxide capture and regeneration device of claim 1, wherein: two baffle plates are arranged between an upper cavity and a lower cavity of the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device, two sides of the gear shaft are respectively provided with one baffle plate, the baffle plates are rectangular plates and are made of elastic rubber materials, one end of each baffle plate, which is close to the gear shaft, is movably arranged, and the other end of each baffle plate is fixed on the inner wall between the upper cavity and the lower cavity; when the gear shaft rotates, one end of the blocking plate movably arranged swings up and down along with the gear shaft.
5. The integrated carbon dioxide capture and regeneration device of claim 1, wherein: the rotating gear in the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device is provided with 2-4 saw teeth.
6. The integrated carbon dioxide capture and regeneration device of claim 1, wherein: the carbon dioxide-cyclone separator and the waste gas-cyclone separator are respectively connected with a carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device through pipelines.
7. The integrated carbon dioxide capture and regeneration device of claim 1, wherein: the side length of the top of the water vaporization device is 200 mm-1000 mm, and the side length of the bottom of the water vaporization device is 1000 mm-2000 mm.
8. A method for capturing and regenerating carbon dioxide, which comprises using the integrated apparatus for capturing and regenerating carbon dioxide according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) flue gas is introduced into the water vaporization device from a flue gas inlet at the top center of the water vaporization device; in the water vapor device, flue gas passes through the outer wall of a water storage interlayer in the device, water is heated by using the waste heat of the flue gas, the water is vaporized to form water vapor, and the water vapor and the flue gas enter the flue gas and water vapor mixing device through a flue gas outlet and a water vapor outlet at the lower part of the device;
(2) the flue gas and the water vapor entering the flue gas and water vapor mixing device are firstly ionized by the gas ionizer, the flue gas and the water vapor are fully mixed under the action of the baffle plate, and then the mixed gas enters the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device through an outlet in the center of the bottom of the flue gas and water vapor mixing device;
(3) introducing a mixed gas of water vapor and flue gas into an upper chamber of a carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device, adsorbing carbon dioxide in the mixed gas by a solid amine adsorbent positioned between saw teeth of a rotating gear in the device, introducing the flue gas after removing the carbon dioxide into a waste gas-cyclone separator from a waste gas outlet, separating a small amount of adsorbent carried by the waste gas, and then re-introducing the separated adsorbent into the upper chamber of the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device through a pipeline, and discharging the waste gas into the atmosphere from a pure waste gas outlet in the center of the top of the waste gas-cyclone separator;
(4) the adsorbent after adsorbing the carbon dioxide is brought into the lower chamber by the rotation of the rotating gear in the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device, and the flue gas is introduced into a flue gas heating interlayer of the lower chamber of the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device from a flue gas inlet at the bottom; the adsorbent after adsorbing the carbon dioxide is heated by the flue gas in the interlayer to release the carbon dioxide, the flue gas discharged from the flue gas heating interlayer at the lower part of the device enters a water vapor device through a pipeline to be converged with the flue gas in the water vapor device, the released carbon dioxide carries a small amount of adsorbent to enter a carbon dioxide-cyclone separator through a carbon dioxide outlet, the separated carbon dioxide is discharged and collected from a pure carbon dioxide outlet at the center of the top of the carbon dioxide-cyclone separator, and the small amount of adsorbent carried by the carbon dioxide is separated and then enters an upper chamber of the carbon dioxide collecting and adsorbent regenerating device again through the pipeline; the adsorbent releasing carbon dioxide enters the upper chamber again along with the rotating gear to perform cyclic adsorption of carbon dioxide.
9. The method of carbon dioxide capture and regeneration of claim 8, wherein: the flue gas is from a coal-fired power plant, a cement kiln plant or a coking plant.
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| CN113086944A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-07-09 | 重庆朗福环保科技有限公司 | Carbon dioxide capture and conversion fuel device |
| CN114225678A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-03-25 | 浙江涌原新能科技股份有限公司 | Low-carbon treatment device for industrial power supply and distribution system |
| CN114191933A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-03-18 | 安徽华塑股份有限公司 | Carbon dioxide capture system of lime kiln |
| CN114307535A (en) * | 2022-02-09 | 2022-04-12 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | System and method for directly capturing carbon dioxide by continuous air |
| CN116870885B (en) * | 2023-06-30 | 2024-03-26 | 贵州绿色产业技术研究院 | Multi-space desorption device and solid amine carbon capture system |
| CN117085456B (en) * | 2023-10-16 | 2024-01-12 | 太原理工大学 | Device and method for capturing flue gas in well |
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