CN102553427B - Process and device for flue gas wet desulphurization using carbide slag or white clay as desulfurizing agent - Google Patents

Process and device for flue gas wet desulphurization using carbide slag or white clay as desulfurizing agent Download PDF

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CN102553427B
CN102553427B CN201110441598.4A CN201110441598A CN102553427B CN 102553427 B CN102553427 B CN 102553427B CN 201110441598 A CN201110441598 A CN 201110441598A CN 102553427 B CN102553427 B CN 102553427B
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gypsum
absorption tower
flue gas
drainage tube
slurry
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CN102553427A (en
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李泽清
夏纯洁
莫建松
程常杰
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Zhejiang Tianlan Environmental Protection Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a process and device for flue gas wet desulphurization by using carbide slag or white clay as desulfurizing agent, and belongs to the field of air pollution control. The wet desulphurization device comprises an absorption tower, a slurry pool and gypsum dehydration equipment, wherein a demisting layer, a spraying layer, a flue gas absorbing zone and a slurry tank are arranged in sequence from up down inside the absorption tower; the flue gas absorbing zone is provided with a flue gas inlet; the wet desulphurization device further comprises a separation tank in which a stirrer is arranged; the separation tank is communicated with the absorption tower through a drainage tube; the drainage tube is positioned below the flue gas inlet; the inlet end of the drainage tube is inclined upward and extends into the flue gas absorbing zone; a notch is formed at the part of the drainage tube in the flue gas absorbing zone and in parallel to the axial line of the drainage tube and forms an upward-opening recess; the lower part of the separation tank is communicated with the gypsum dehydration equipment; and the upper part of the separation tank is communicated with the slurry pool. The device is applied to flue gas wet desulphurization. The gypsum slurry is pretreated before dehydration, so that the gypsum layer separates from the solution layer and the colloidal substance layer, which increases the purity of gypsum, reduces the water content of gypsum and improves the quality of gypsum.

Description

A kind of flue gas wet desulphurization process and device of making desulfurizing agent with carbide slag or white clay
Technical field
The present invention relates to atmosphere pollution technology control field, be specifically related to a kind of flue gas wet desulphurization process and device of making desulfurizing agent with carbide slag or white clay.
Background technology
At present, on the desulfur technology of domestic and international Application and Development, reach hundreds of, these sulfur methods can be divided into dry method, semidry method and wet method three major types substantially, wherein the desulfurization method of limestone-gypsum technique in wet desulfurizing process has higher desulfuration efficiency, good stability, and desulfurizing byproduct is gypsum, can realize desulfurization product recycling, thereby be promoted widely.
Desulfurization method of limestone-gypsum technique accounts for the whole world and is building and 90% of built desulfurizer total amount.The natural lime stone of limestone-gypsum method process using is as desulfurization absorbent, lime stone is made absorbent slurry after being ground to certain fineness, thereby mix reverse contact of absorption tower inner absorbent slurries and flue gas the object that realization removes sulfur dioxide in flue gas, the end reaction thing of desulfurization method of limestone-gypsum technique is gypsum and carbon dioxide, gypsum can be worked industrial building materials as the additive of plasterboard and cement, and carbon dioxide enters in atmosphere with the clean flue gas after processing.
The desulfurization absorbent that limestone-gypsum method is used is natural lime stone, and main component is CaCO 3lime stone is a kind of limited natural resources, has multiple industrial application value, if domestic desulfurizer all adopts desulfurization method of limestone-gypsum technique, to there be every year up to a million tons of natural limestones to be consumed, side by side the variation of the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide of amplification quantity aggravation weather.
Therefore develop novel, the high-efficiency desulfurization technique that adapt to domestic economy situation and become particularly important, succeeded in developing at present and extensive use have acetylene sludge-gypsum process desulphurization technology and a white clay-gypsum sulfur removal technology.Carbide slag and white clay are all Industrial Objects refuses, all have strong basicity, carbide slag and white clay can be played to the effect that the treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another is turned waste into wealth for flue gas desulfurization gypsum processed, and greatly saved the excessive use of natural limestone resource.
Carbide slag is that calcium carbide hydrolysis obtains the waste residue producing after acetylene gas, the thin and particle diameter skewness of particle, because forming canescence containing trace carbon and sulphur impurity, frowziness, slag liquid pH is more than 12, therefore often to environment, cause severe contamination, the annual carbide slag of stacking of China has millions of tons, as deals with the development of seriously restriction enterprise improperly.Main component in carbide slag is Ca (OH) 2, be secondly Al 2o 3, SiO 2and a certain amount of Fe 2o 3with MgO etc., also contain the poisonous and harmful substances such as sulfide, phosphide simultaneously, if directly by carbide slag for wet fuel gas desulfurizing technology, the larger particles in carbide slag is easily stopped up or wearing and tearing desulphurization plant and pipeline; Trace sulfide in carbide slag, phosphide have stronger reproducibility, and these reducing substanceses can hinder the oxidation of calcium sulfite, cause the collapse of whole desulphurization system.
White clay is the solid slag of paper pulp papermaking enterprise in reclaiming soda ash process, and one ton of paper of every production or one ton of slurry, on average will produce 0.8-1 ton white clay, annual more than 300 ten thousand tons of the white claies that produce in the whole nation.The main component of white clay is CaCO 3, content, up to 80-90%, also contains phosphide, sulphur anion, sulfate ion, sulfite ion, sodium ion, hydroxide ion etc., also contains the impurity such as silica simultaneously, and white clay is alkalescence, and pH, between 9-12, has stronger corrosivity.Because contain sodium, magnesium plasma in white clay, greatly increased CaCO in white clay 3solubility and dissolution rate, therefore by white clay for wet process of FGD, compare the flue gas desulfurization that more can adapt to containing higher sulfur dioxide concentration with lime stone.But in white clay, also contain the reducing substanceses such as phosphide, sulphur anion, easily stop the oxidation of calcium sulfite, the existence due to sodium ion simultaneously makes slurry pH value bounce-back very fast, easily causes slurries in nozzle and device interior fouling, occluding device.
Because carbide slag and white clay contain Various Complex component, cause carbide slag and white clay simply not to directly apply in the device of desulfurization method of limestone-gypsum technique.The Al containing in carbide slag and white clay 2o 3, SiO 2deng material, in sweetening process, understanding the colloidal suspensions such as generation calcium silicates, aluminium hydroxide is full of in whole slurries system, these colloidal suspensions enter after band filter with gypsum, can form in gypsum surface the film of one deck densification, reduced the gas permeability of gypsum patty will, cause being with filter dehydration difficulty, make after dewatering the moisture content of gypsum higher, the heavy metal that the moisture in slurries contains is also attached to inside thereupon, has affected the use value of desulfurated plaster.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of flue gas wet desulphurization process and device of making desulfurizing agent with carbide slag or white clay, improve carbide slag/white clay as the purity of the accessory substance desulfurated plaster of desulfurizing agent, the moisture content that reduces desulfurated plaster, makes carbide slag/white clay be more widely used for wet process of FGD as desulfurizing agent.
A kind of Wet FGD of making desulfurizing agent with carbide slag or white clay, comprise absorption tower, change stock tank and gypsum dehydration equipment, in described absorption tower, be provided with successively demist layer from top to bottom, spraying layer, smoke absorption district and slurry pool, described smoke absorption district is provided with smoke inlet, in also comprising, establish the knockout drum of agitator, between described knockout drum and absorption tower, by drainage tube, be communicated with, described drainage tube is positioned at smoke inlet below, arrival end is inclined upwardly and stretches into smoke absorption district, the part that described drainage tube stretches into smoke absorption district is provided with the otch parallel with axis, form opening up groove, described knockout drum bottom is communicated with gypsum dehydration equipment, top is communicated with change stock tank.
The aperture area of described groove is the 1-3% of absorption tower cross-sectional area.Opening section amassed conference makes the flow of gypsum slurries in drainage tube excessive, thereby causes to absorb dwell time in the tower too short, and calcium sulfite can not get abundant oxidation.
The acclivitous angle Wei Yu of described drainage tube absorption tower central axis becomes 45-60 ° of angle.Make gypsum slurries flow into as early as possible knockout drum and not deposition obstruction in drainage tube.
Described groove runs through smoke absorption district.Make groove can better receive gypsum slurries.
The present invention also provides a kind of and has utilized described Wet FGD as desulfurizing agent, to carry out the technique of smoke-gas wet desulfurization with carbide slag or white clay, comprise: by carbide slag or sending into of white clay stock tank, change slurry and make desulfurization slurry, and desulfurization slurry is sent in the slurry pool on absorption tower, flue gas is passed into and in absorption tower, carries out wet desulphurization through smoke inlet, in absorption tower, described desulfurization slurry and flue gas react, final oxidation forms gypsum slurries, described gypsum slurries is led in knockout drum by drainage tube, it is dynamic layered that the volume power of agitator of controlling agitator in knockout drum presents gypsum slurries, after bottom slurries are removed to impurity, gypsum is made in dehydration, by sending into stock tank after upper strata stillness of night abatement processes, being used for slurry.
Described volume power of agitator is 0.04-0.07KW/m 3.Under this power of agitator, gypsum slurries can be realized dynamic layered due to Action of Gravity Field, be followed successively by from top to bottom supernatant layer, colloid substance layer and gypsic horizon, the supernatant layer slurrying that refluxes after duplicate removal metal ion, sulphur anion, fluorine ion recycles, middle colloid substance layer enters Sewage Disposal, bottom gypsum layer concentration is higher, can directly enter band filter and carry out processed.
The pH of described desulfurization slurry is 5.0-5.4.The solubility of carbide slag is the rate of dissolution under identical pH value much larger than lime stone, in white clay, owing to containing sodium ion and magnesium ion, has also promoted greatly CaCO 3rate of dissolution, control pH value and can meet preferably desulfuration efficiency at 5.0-5.4, anti-locking system causes the generation of scale formation because pH value arranges too high.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) gypsum slurries in absorption tower is carried out to layer preprocessing, gypsic horizon and colloid substance and the stillness of night are separated, stillness of night part is recoverable after treatment, has reduced sewage discharge and has saved water cost;
(2) after layering is processed, the gypsum concentration of gypsic horizon is higher, and the gypsum purity making is high, is greater than 95%, owing to separating with colloidal substance and the stillness of night, and the good permeability of gypsum, moisture content is low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of drainage tube shown in Fig. 1.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of Wet FGD of making desulfurizing agent with carbide slag or white clay
3-circulating pump 4-exhanst gas outlet 5-drainage tube 6-knockout drum 7-slush pump 8-agitator 9-gypsum pump 10-sewage pump 11-clear liquid pump 12-gypsum cyclone 13-cyclone underflow 14-cyclone top, 1-smoke inlet 2-absorption tower stream 15-clear liquid sedimentation basin 16-chemical feed pipe 17-clear liquid pipeline.
Spray column is selected on absorption tower 2, inside is from top to bottom provided with two-layer demist layer successively, three layers of spraying layer, smoke absorption district and slurry pool, smoke absorption district is provided with smoke inlet 1, 3 circulating pumps 3 are set on absorption tower 2, the arrival end of every circulating pump 3 is communicated with slurry pool, each layer of spraying layer of the port of export and difference is communicated with, the smoke inlet 1 in smoke absorption district is communicated with gas approach (not shown), smoke absorption district is also communicated with the outlet of slush pump 7, slush pump 7 entrance connectionization stock tank (not shown)s, 2 tops, absorption tower are provided with exhanst gas outlet 4, be communicated with exhaust pass (not shown).
By a series of thickness, the plastic plate 0.5 centimetre of left and right PP material forms demist layer, and each plastic plate becomes rugosity, and the folded sheet spacing of lower floor's demist layer is bigger than normal, spacing is 4 centimetres of left and right, the folded sheet spacing of upper strata demist layer is less, and 2 centimetres of left and right, demist layer is provided with folding flue; Every layer of spraying layer is all comprised of several nozzles.
Drainage tube 5 is positioned at smoke inlet below, one end is stretched in smoke absorption district, the other end is communicated with knockout drum 6, the structure of drainage tube 5 as shown in Figure 2, the part stretching in absorption tower 2 is provided with the otch parallel with axis, form opening up groove, being positioned at absorption tower 2, outer what be communicated with knockout drum 6 is pipe, the aperture area of groove is the 1-3% of absorption tower cross-sectional area, be inclined upwardly, become 45-60 ° of angle with the central axis on absorption tower 2, groove runs through whole smoke absorption district, the inwall on connection absorption tower, two ends 2, the outlet of pipe is communicated with the top of knockout drum 6, the interior top agitator 8 that arranges of knockout drum 6, on knockout drum 6 from top to bottom successively with stillness of night pump 11, the arrival end of sewage pump 10 and gypsum pump 9 is communicated with, the connection position of each pump intake is designed according to gypsum slurries layering Hou Geceng position, the port of export of stillness of night pump 11 is communicated with stillness of night sedimentation basin 15, the outlet of stillness of night sedimentation basin 15 is communicated with change stock tank, slurry will be changed in sending into of the clear liquid stock tank after abatement processes, recycle, the port of export of sewage pump 10 connects Sewage Disposal, the port of export of gypsum pump 9 is communicated with gypsum dehydration equipment, gypsum dehydration equipment comprises gypsum cyclone 12 and vacuum band filter (not shown), the entrance of gypsum cyclone 12 is communicated with the outlet of gypsum pump 9, the underflow outlet of gypsum cyclone 12 is communicated with the entrance of vacuum band filter.
Technological process of the present invention is as follows:
Slurry will be changed in carbide slag or white clay and sending into of water stock tank, obtain desulfurization slurry, desulfurization slurry is sent in the slurry pool on absorption tower 2 by slush pump 7 by VFC, boiler smoke moves upward after smoke inlet 1 tangentially enters absorption tower 2, the interior desulfurization slurry in absorption tower 2 is squeezed into spraying layer and flue gas through circulating pump 3, and on absorption tower, 2 interior haptoreactions realize gas cleaning, and the exhanst gas outlet 4 at 2 tops from absorption tower of the flue gas after purification enters atmosphere through exhaust pass.
Slurries under spraying layer spray in smoke absorption district by drainage tube 5 accesss, after the slurries oxidation of drainage tube 5 accesss, form gypsum slurries, drainage tube 5 is introduced gypsum slurries in knockout drum 6, and in the stirring of agitator 8, (the volume power of agitator of agitator is 0.04-0.07KW/m 3) lower slurries realize dynamic layeredly, are divided into successively from top to bottom gypsic horizon, colloidal substance layer and supernatant layer.
Gypsic horizon is sent in gypsum cyclone 12 through gypsum pump 9, cyclone underflow 13 enters vacuum band filter dehydration and slags tap and make desulfurated plaster, cyclone top stream 14 contains the unreacted desulfurization slurry of part and calcium sulfite is sent into absorption tower 2 continuation reactions, gypsic horizon gypsum purity through precipitation is high, there is no colloidal substance, greatly increased the gas permeability of gypsum patty will, reduced the moisture content of gypsum, mesocolloid material layer is sent into Sewage Disposal through concentrated by sewage pump 10, in the clear liquid of top layer, mainly contain a large amount of heavy metal ion, sulphur anion and phosphate anion etc., by clear liquid pump 11, sent in clear liquid sedimentation basin 15, chemical feed pipe 16 adds milk of lime and strong oxidizer hydrogen peroxide to remove sulphur anion and heavy metal ion, clear liquid after precipitation is changed slurry in clear liquid pipeline 17 being back to stock tanks, recycle, using water wisely, sulphur anion and the accumulation of heavy metal ion in desulphurization system have been reduced.
Control absorption tower 2 interior desulfurization slurry pH value at 5.0-5.4, the solubility of carbide slag is the rate of dissolution under identical pH value much larger than lime stone, in white clay, owing to containing sodium ion and magnesium ion, has also promoted greatly CaCO 3rate of dissolution, control pH value and can meet preferably desulfuration efficiency at 5.0-5.4, anti-locking system causes the generation of scale formation because pH value arranges too high.
In following examples, the detection of import flue gas concentration, outlet flue gas concentration adopts GB/T21508-2008; In gypsum purity and gypsum, the detection of heavy metal ion content adopts GBT5484-2000.
Embodiment 1
Certain steam power plant, 2 240t/h boilers adopt device of the present invention and technique, the central axis Cheng60° angle on the integral installation angle of drainage tube and absorption tower, slot opening sectional area is 2% of absorption tower cross-sectional area, in absorption tower, the pH value of desulfurization slurry is controlled between 5.0-5.4, and desulfurization liquid-gas ratio is 8L/m 3, the volume power of agitator in knockout drum is 0.04KW/m 3.Import SO 2 from fume concentration is 4300mg/m 3, outlet SO 2 from fume concentration is 96mg/m 3, gypsum purity is 97.2%, and gypsum moisture content is 9.5%, and in gypsum, heavy metal ion content is 0.01%.
Embodiment 2
Certain steam power plant, 2 130t/h boilers adopt desulfurizer of the present invention and technique, the integral installation angle of drainage tube becomes 52.5 ° of angles with the central axis on absorption tower, 1.5% of the opening section Ji Wei absorption tower cross-sectional area of groove, in absorption tower, the pH value of desulfurization slurry is controlled between 5.0-5.4, and desulfurization liquid-gas ratio is 7L/m 3, the volume power of agitator in knockout drum is 0.05KW/m 3.Import SO 2 from fume concentration is 5160mg/m 3, outlet SO 2 from fume concentration is 108mg/m 3, gypsum purity is 96.1%, and gypsum moisture content is 9.7%, and in gypsum, heavy metal ion content is 0.01%.
Embodiment 3
Certain enterprise's self-contained thermoelectric plant, 4 75t/h boilers adopt desulfurizer and the technique of invention, the central axis Cheng60° angle on the integral installation angle of drainage tube and absorption tower, slot opening sectional area is 2.1% of absorption tower cross-sectional area, in absorption tower, the pH value of desulfurization slurry is controlled between 5.0-5.4, and desulfurization liquid-gas ratio is 9L/m 3, the volume power of agitator in knockout drum is 0.06KW/m 3.Import SO 2 from fume concentration is 2880mg/m 3, outlet SO 2 from fume concentration is 53mg/m 3, gypsum purity is 95.4%, and gypsum moisture content is 10.2%, and in gypsum, heavy metal ion content is 0.01%.
Embodiment 4
Certain chemical enterprise, 1 240t/h boiler adopts desulfurizer and the technique of invention, the central axis angle at 45 ° on the integral installation angle of drainage tube and absorption tower, slot opening sectional area is 1.8% of absorption tower cross-sectional area, in absorption tower, the pH value of desulfurization slurry is controlled between 5.0-5.4, and desulfurization liquid-gas ratio is 8L/m 3, the volume power of agitator in knockout drum is 0.07KW/m 3.Import SO 2 from fume concentration is 4950mg/m 3, outlet SO 2 from fume concentration is 112mg/m 3, gypsum purity is 98.2%, and gypsum moisture content is 9.6%, and in gypsum, heavy metal ion content is 0.01%.

Claims (7)

1. a Wet FGD of making desulfurizing agent with carbide slag or white clay, comprise absorption tower (2), change stock tank and gypsum dehydration equipment, in described absorption tower (2), be provided with successively demist layer from top to bottom, spraying layer, smoke absorption district and slurry pool, described smoke absorption district is provided with smoke inlet (1), it is characterized in that, in also comprising, establish the knockout drum (6) of agitator (8), between described knockout drum (6) and absorption tower (2), by drainage tube (5), be communicated with, described drainage tube (5) is positioned at smoke inlet (1) below, arrival end is inclined upwardly and stretches into smoke absorption district, the part that described drainage tube (5) stretches into smoke absorption district is provided with the otch parallel with axis, form opening up groove, described knockout drum (6) bottom is communicated with gypsum dehydration equipment, top is communicated with change stock tank.
2. Wet FGD according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the aperture area of described groove is the 1-3% of absorption tower (2) cross-sectional area.
3. Wet FGD according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the acclivitous angle Wei Yu of described drainage tube (5) absorption tower (2) central axis becomes 45-60 ° of angle.
4. Wet FGD according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described groove runs through smoke absorption district.
5. one kind is utilized the Wet FGD described in claim 1 as desulfurizing agent, to carry out the technique of smoke-gas wet desulfurization with carbide slag or white clay, comprise: by carbide slag or sending into of white clay stock tank, change slurry and make desulfurization slurry, and desulfurization slurry is sent in the slurry pool on absorption tower, flue gas is passed into and in absorption tower, carries out wet desulphurization through smoke inlet, in absorption tower, described desulfurization slurry and flue gas react, final oxidation forms gypsum slurries, it is characterized in that, described gypsum slurries is led in knockout drum by drainage tube, it is dynamic layered that the volume power of agitator of controlling agitator in knockout drum presents gypsum slurries, after bottom slurries are removed to impurity, gypsum is made in dehydration, by sending into stock tank after upper strata stillness of night abatement processes, being used for slurry.
6. technique according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described volume power of agitator is 0.04-0.07KW/m 3.
7. technique according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the pH of described desulfurization slurry is 5.0-5.4.
CN201110441598.4A 2011-12-26 2011-12-26 Process and device for flue gas wet desulphurization using carbide slag or white clay as desulfurizing agent Active CN102553427B (en)

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CN105214471A (en) * 2015-09-16 2016-01-06 来宾市新天环保有限公司 A kind of white clay-limestone-based process smoke-gas wet desulfurization method
CN105664695A (en) * 2016-02-02 2016-06-15 新疆青松环保科技股份有限公司 Wet desulfurization agent and preparation method thereof
CN106000026A (en) * 2016-05-18 2016-10-12 董尊久 Wet flue gas desulfurization device adopting series connection
CN109821279A (en) * 2019-02-18 2019-05-31 上海申欣环保实业有限公司 Gypsum slurries concentrated separation system
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