CN102550653A - Method for biologically controlling postharvest diseases of fruits by combining salicylic acid with Rhodotorula mucilaginosa - Google Patents
Method for biologically controlling postharvest diseases of fruits by combining salicylic acid with Rhodotorula mucilaginosa Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for biologically controlling postharvest diseases of fruits by combining salicylic acid with Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, and belongs to the field of biological control over postharvest diseases of fruits. The method comprises the following steps of: activating the Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, inoculating into an NYGB medium, culturing for 24 hours, centrifuging to obtain thalli, and diluting the thalli by using 100mu g/ml salicylic acid to obtain 1*10<8>/mL bacterium suspension; putting fruits into the bacterium suspension, soaking for 30 seconds, immediately taking the fruits out, and naturally air drying; and putting into a plastic basket, sealing by using a preservative film, and storing at room temperature. By combining the salicylic acid with the Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, the effect of biologically controlling the postharvest diseases of the fruits is improved, the use is simple, the operation is convenient, the effect is good, and the cost is low. Through combination of the salicylic acid and the Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, the salicylic acid and the Rhodotorula mucilaginosa can replace a chemical bactericide to control the postharvest diseases of the fruits, the harm of the chemical bactericide to human is avoided, and the method has obvious economic and social benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of utilize salicylic acid and with rhodotorula mucilaginosa (
Rhodotorula mucilaginosa) be used in combination method to biologically controlling postharvest disease of fruit, belong to fruit and adopt the artifact prevention and control field.
Background technology
Fruit because of the loss of rotting to cause is huge, also is the problem that the whole world is paid close attention in harvesting, transportation and sales, storage.It is reported, have the fresh products of 10%-30% to cause rotting in developed country, and in the developing country that lacks the storing refrigerating equipment, fruit is adopted the back rotting rate then up to 40%-50% owing to postharvest disease.Exotic fruit preservation and freshness amount accounts for the fruit total output more than 60%, and China's fruit storage amount is more than 800 ten thousand tons at present, and less than 15% of total amount, wherein the storage of freezer and air-conditioned cold store is 700,000 tons, only accounts for 7% of total output.China's fruit is adopted back loss generally at 20%-30%, high person even reach 50%.In March, 2007, State Statistics Bureau's issue " People's Republic of China's national economy and social development statistical communique in 2006 " showed that China's fruit total output reached 17,050 ten thousand tons in 2006.Estimation in view of the above, the loss after China's fruit is adopted will reach tens billion of yuans level every year.
The main cause that fruit rots is the pathogenic effects of pathogenic microorganism, these pathogenic microorganisms mainly contain Botrytis cinerea (
Botrytis cinerea), Rhizopus stolonifer (
Rhizopus stoloniger), mould (
Penicillium spp.), Mucor (
Mucor spp.), chain lattice spore (
Alternaria spp.), aspergillus (
Aspergillus spp.) and soft rotten bacterium (
Erwinia sp.) etc.Pathogenic microorganism to adopt the back fruit harm not only be the heavy losses that it causes fruit quantitatively to cause, thereby and since many disease funguses can secrete the generation many secondary metabolites cause serious food-safety problem, as penicillium expansum (
P. expansum) produce clavacin (patulin), Botrytis cinerea (
B. cinerea) botrydial (botrydial) that produces etc.
The method of rotting after the most frequently used control fruit is adopted at present is that cryopreservation and chemical bactericide are handled.The cryopreservation technology has obtained developing widely and using in China in recent years, but existing refrigerating equipment often can not satisfy the needs of most fruits.Simultaneously, under cryogenic conditions, still have a considerable amount of pathogenic bacteria on fruit, to grow, and cause fruit to rot.For example, can cause multiple fruit gray mold Botrytis cinerea (
Botryris cinerea), also claim botrytis cinerea, also can growth and breeding in the time of-0.5 ℃, cause that many fruit rot, and cause serious economic loss.And those are to the fruit of low-temperature sensitive, and because of preserving being not less than under the temperature that product is damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature, the growth of pathogen, breeding more can not be suppressed effectively, and it is quite serious to rot.For a long time, the major measure of control fruit postharvest diseases is to use bactericide.Chemical bactericide can play the effect of getting instant result to preventing and treating disease, and still, the use that chemical bactericide is long-term and a large amount of not only causes pathogenic microorganism to develop immunity to drugs, and serious environment pollution impairs human health simultaneously.The portion report of NAS (National Academy of Scinces) shows that at the whole agricultural chemicals that are used for handling food, bactericide constitutes 60% carcinogenic danger.
Raising along with the national economic development and the level of consumption; People are to the enhancing day by day of food security and environmental protection consciousness; Number of chemical bactericide (like Captan, Benomyl etc.) has been prohibited and has been used or use in part fruit product limit at present, and its direct consequence is that present many fruit postharvest diseases have not had bactericide to control.Therefore, the various countries scientist all explore energetically can replace chemical bactericide safe, the novel fruits postharvest disease is prevented and treated method efficiently.Currently in the world the research of the biological control of carrying out fruit postharvest diseases with antagonistic microbe has been obtained interim achievement, and thought that this is one of method that is hopeful most by the substituted chemistry bactericide.
Along with yeast classification, ecology, physiology, biochemistry and molecular biological research make progress, people improve the interest of utilizing yeast in the fruit vegetables storing day by day.Domestic and international research shows that many saccharomycete are applied to fruit surface, can prevent and treat the disease that fruit is caused by pathogenic moulds, and these yeast are called as antagonism yeast.The saccharomycete inheritance stability, antimicrobial spectrum is wide, the height of tiring, and does not generally produce people and the harmful metabolite of host plant; Safe; And low to nutritional requirement, growth is fast, and to multiplely coerce, adverse circumstance has stronger tolerance; Insensitive to most of bactericide, can be compatible to other chemistry and physical treatment.Therefore antagonism yeast receives international extensive concern as the fruit postharvest diseases biocontrol microorganisms in recent years.External aspect, Sansone etc. separate from apple surface the rhodotorula glutinis that obtains to by
Botrytis cinereaThe gray mold that causes has remarkable prevention effect, and under laboratory condition, its rotting rate is compared with contrast and reduced by 54%.The research of Calvente etc. also finds to adopt afterwards to fruit by rhodotorula glutinis, and the mould disease has significant inhibition effect.
China's biologically controlling postharvest disease of fruit research is started late; Zheng Xiaodong etc. have studied the inhibition effect that rhodotorula glutinis rots to the citrus mould that is caused by Penicillium digitatum in the bacteriostatic test in vitro and in vivo; Find that rhodotorula glutinis has demonstrated very high bacteriostatic activity in the citrus that control is caused by Penicillium digitatum rots; Under 25 ℃ of conditions, the incidence of disease of contrast is 100%, and uses 1 * 10
8The incidence of disease of the bacteria suspension of individual/ml is merely 45 %, and along with the raising of yeast concentration, the incidence of disease also has downward trend gradually.Zhang Hongyin etc. have studied rhodotorula glutinis strawberry have been adopted the inhibition effect of back gray mold, strawberry has been carried out the preliminary treatment in early stage after, inoculation 1 * 10
9The bacteria suspension of individual/ml and 1 * 10
5The pathogen pityrosporion ovale suspension of individual/ml after 4 ℃ storage was preserved 2 days down in 7 days and 20 ℃ down, is found the strawberry of inoculation rhodotorula glutinis respectively, and its rotting rate is compared with contrast and reduced by 95% and 94.7 % respectively.Models blue or green (2001) etc. screen fruit disease biological control antagonism bacterium and separate, and the result shows: monilia guilliermondii (
Candida guiliermondii), lemon shape Ke Leke yeast (
Kloeckera apiculata), the inferior Dbaly yeast of the Chinese (
Debaryomyces hansenii) the sweet cherry brown rot is all shown significant inhibition effect, monilia guilliermondii and lemon shape Ke Leke yeast can be prevented and treated drupe class fruit soft rot effectively; Tian researchs such as (2004) sprays 1 * 10 before sweet cherry is adopted
8The trichosporon cutaneum of CFU/mL (
Trichosporon pullulans), Cryptococcus laurentii (
Cryptococcus laurentii) and rhodotorula (
Rhodotorula glutinis), respectively at 25 ℃, under 0 ℃ and the air conditioned storage, trichosporon cutaneum is bred quantity on fruit the highest, and fungistatic effect is best; Zhang Hongyin etc. (2005) have studied under the different temperatures, and Cryptococcus laurentii is to the prevention effect of gray mold, and the result shows, under 25 ℃, the incidence of disease of pears gray mold is 16.7%, in conjunction with CaCl
2Result of use is more remarkable.
Can know that from domestic and foreign literature the current control that is used to adopt back fruit disease with effective microbe substituted chemistry bactericide has demonstrated great application prospect, the biological control of fruit postharvest diseases becomes a new research focus.The antagonism bacterial classification class that has been applied to produce is few, have only a few launch such as Biosave and Aspire, and China does not have still at present the antagonism bacterium to be applied to actual production but up to the present.Main cause is under the commodity production condition that the prevention effect of the antagonistic microbe of having reported at present often is not so good as the effect of chemical bactericide, thereby does not reach fresh-keeping requirement.These factor affecting the antagonism bacterium as fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping agent use aborning.In order as soon as possible antagonistic microbe being applied in the fresh-keeping actual production of fruit storage, also need the further wide microorganism of screening good, the disease-resistant spectrum of antagonistic effect, and further improve the antagonism effectiveness of antagonism yeast, thereby it to be fresh-keeping to be applied to fruit storage.
(Salicylic acid, SA), chemical name is a septichen to salicylic acid, is a kind of ubiquitous plant endogenous phenolic compound.After the sixties in 20th century, people begin to find that SA has the important physical effect in plant, and increasing research shows that SA is the signaling molecule of plant disease-resistant reaction and the degeneration-resistant signaling molecule that inducing plant reacts abiotic stress.In recent years, the research of SA function has become that biology is most important, development one of research field the most rapidly.At present, to SA the research focus of adopting the back fruit concentrate on it can suppress fruit rot, delay to adopt the back fruit maturation old and feeble, keep fruit quality, improve the resistance of abiology adverse circumstance and induce and adopt resistance and the resistance correlated response of back fruit pathogen.In addition, also there is SA to have the report of the activity of direct inhibition pathogen.
The present invention utilizes salicylic acid and rhodotorula mucilaginosa to be used in combination its effectiveness to biologically controlling postharvest disease of fruit of raising, thereby reduces the rotting rate of fruit, and then reaches the fresh-keeping purpose of fruit storage.
Summary of the invention
The present invention utilizes salicylic acid and rhodotorula mucilaginosa to be used in combination to improve its effectiveness to biologically controlling postharvest disease of fruit.Be used in combination through salicylic acid and rhodotorula mucilaginosa, can suppress the fruit pathogen significantly, control fruit is adopted the back and is rotted.The present invention has safety, efficient, low cost and other advantages, can be widely used in the biological control process of fruit postharvest diseases, reduces the loss that fruit postharvest diseases causes.
The invention provides salicylic acid and combine rhodotorula mucilaginosa to use the method for biological control fruit postharvest diseases, carry out according to following step: with the rhodotorula mucilaginosa activation, with NYDB medium culture rhodotorula mucilaginosa, the centrifugal thalline that obtains; Thalline is prepared into 1 * 10 with the dilution of the salicylic acid (SA) of 100 μ g/ml
8The bacteria suspension of individual/ml; Fruit is put into bacteria suspension, take out natural air drying behind the immersion 30s at once; Be placed in the plastic crate, after the preservative film sealing, be placed under the room temperature condition and deposit.
Wherein said NYDB culture medium is: yeast extract 5g, beef extract 8g, glucose 10g, purified water 1000ml, pH nature.
Wherein said rhodotorula mucilaginosa (
Rhodotorula mucilaginosa); Preservation strain is numbered CGMCC No.3617; Be stored in the Institute of Microorganism, Academia Sinica of No. 3, the Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City that is positioned at the BeiJing, China on January 29th, 2010, China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms revenue centre (CGMCC).
Preferred strawberry of wherein said fruit or peach fruit.
Advantage of the present invention:
(1) rhodotorula mucilaginosa used in the present invention is this laboratory screening, and its antagonism is renderd a service strong, and is harmless.
(2) the present invention uses salicylic acid and rhodotorula mucilaginosa to be used in combination, and handles with independent use salicylic acid processing or rhodotorula mucilaginosa and compares, and can significantly improve the antagonistic activity of rhodotorula mucilaginosa, thereby reduce the rotting rate of fruit, and then reach the fresh-keeping purpose of fruit storage.
(3) the present invention uses salicylic acid and rhodotorula mucilaginosa to be used in combination can to replace chemical bactericide control fruit postharvest diseases, avoids the use of the harm of chemical bactericide to the people, has remarkable economic efficiency and social benefit.
Description of drawings
Wherein Fig. 1 is used in combination the control effect to strawberry head mold disease, gray mold and penicilliosis for salicylic acid with rhodotorula mucilaginosa; Annotate: CK: contrast; SA: salicylic acid (100 μ g/ml); Glue is red: rhodotorula mucilaginosa bacteria suspension (1 * 10
8Individual/ml); SA+ glue is red: 1 * 10
8Individual/ml rhodotorula mucilaginosa bacteria suspension (containing the SA that concentration is 100 μ g/ml).The incidence of disease is 20 ℃ and places the result who measures behind the 2d.Significant difference (P=0.05) represented in different letters.
Fig. 2 is used in combination the influence that strawberry is rotted naturally with rhodotorula mucilaginosa for salicylic acid; Annotate: SA: salicylic acid (100 μ g/ml); Glue is red: rhodotorula mucilaginosa bacteria suspension (1 * 10
8Individual/ml); SA+ glue is red: 1 * 10
8Individual/ml rhodotorula mucilaginosa bacteria suspension (containing the SA that concentration is 100 μ g/ml).The significance of difference (p=0.05) represented in different letters.
Fig. 3 is used in combination the control effect to peach fruit head mold disease, gray mold and penicilliosis for salicylic acid with rhodotorula mucilaginosa; Annotate: CK: contrast; SA: salicylic acid (100 μ g/ml); Glue is red: rhodotorula mucilaginosa bacteria suspension (1 * 10
8Individual/ml); SA+ glue is red: 1 * 10
8Individual/ml rhodotorula mucilaginosa bacteria suspension (containing the SA that concentration is 100 μ g/ml).The incidence of disease is 25 ℃ and places the result who measures behind the 7d.Significant difference (p=0.05) represented in different letters.
The specific embodiment
Through by following embodiment with more detailed explanation the present invention.Following examples only are illustrative, and the present invention does not receive the restriction of these embodiments.
Rhodotorula mucilaginosa (
Rhodotorula mucilaginosa) be that this laboratory screening obtains; Be stored in the Institute of Microorganism, Academia Sinica of No. 3, the Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City that is positioned at the BeiJing, China at present; China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms revenue centre (CGMCC); Preservation strain is numbered CGMCC No.3617, preserves in NYDA (adding 2% agar (quality meter) on the basis of NYDB culture medium) 4 ℃ of low temperature of culture medium.The cultivation program is: (1) solid activation: rhodotorula mucilaginosa is inoculated in the NYDA culture medium, cultivates 48h at 28 ℃; (2) Liquid Culture: the NYDB seed culture medium of 50 ml that in the triangular flask of 250m1, pack into, insert the good rhodotorula mucilaginosa of a ring activation with oese, 200 rpm (rev/min), cultivate 24h under 28 ℃ of conditions; (3) centrifugation suspends again: with the Yeast Cultivation mixture under 7000 * g condition; Centrifugal 10-15min, and with sterile distilled water washing 2 times, to remove culture medium; Again suspend again with sterile distilled water, and use blood counting chamber adjusting barm cell concentration is 1 * 10
9Individual/ml, the physiological saline with the bacterium of going out is diluted to desired concn again.
Embodiment 1: salicylic acid is used in combination with rhodotorula mucilaginosa the inhibition effect to the fruit disease
One, testing program
The fruit that supplies examination is selected the fruit uniformity through fine selection as far as possible, and the surface does not have scratch, machinery is hindered and sick insect bite evil.Fruit is punched with aseptic card punch, and wherein the superficial cut of strawberry is 3mm (diameter) * 3mm (deeply), and the superficial cut of peach fruit is 5mm (diameter) * 3mm (deeply).Each wound equivalent adds the following treatment fluid of 30 μ l: (1) 1 * 10
8The rhodotorula mucilaginosa bacteria suspension of individual/ml (containing the SA that concentration is 100 μ g/ml); (2) 1 * 10
8The rhodotorula mucilaginosa bacteria suspension of individual/ml; (3) SA (100 μ g/ml) and (4) sterilized water.Behind 2 h, inoculate 15 μ L pathogenic bacteria spore suspensions more respectively: 1 * 10
5The Botrytis cinerea of individual/ml (
Botrytis cinerea) spore suspension, 5 * 10
4The Rhizopus stolonifer of individual/ml (
Rhizopus stoloniger) spore suspension and 5 * 10
4The penicillium expansum of individual/ml (
Penicillium expansum) spore suspension.Naturally after drying, fruit is put into plastic crate and with preservative film sealing, cultivated in the constant incubator (humidity 95%), peach really places 25 ℃, and strawberry places 20 ℃.
Every processing repetition 3 times repeats 10 fruits at every turn.Whole test repeats 2 times.Through some days cultivation, the record fruit incidence of disease was estimated the fungistatic effect of rhodotorula mucilaginosa with this.The computing formula of the incidence of disease is following:
Fruit sum * 100% of the fruit/inoculation pathogen of the incidence of disease (%)=morbidity
Two, result of the test
According to the above-mentioned steps test, the rotting rate result of statistics fruit is following:
1.1 inhibition effect to strawberry head mold disease, gray mold and penicilliosis
As can beappreciated from fig. 1, the head mold disease all significantly is lower than control treatment rhodotorula mucilaginosa individual processing and SA combine processing that strawberry is adopted with rhodotorula mucilaginosa after, wherein combines treatment effect best, and rotting rate is 40%, well below contrast (100%), is 40% of control treatment.Using the rotting rate of rhodotorula mucilaginosa separately is 56.67%, is 56.67% of control treatment.Use SA to handle separately the head mold disease is not had appreciable impact.Rhodotorula mucilaginosa individual processing and SA combine processing that strawberry is adopted the back gray mold with rhodotorula mucilaginosa all have significant inhibition effect; Its rotting rate is respectively 26.67% and 18.33%; Well below contrast (93.33%;), use the inhibitory action that SA adopts the back gray mold to strawberry separately and compare with contrast and do not have appreciable impact.Rhodotorula mucilaginosa individual processing and SA combine processing that strawberry is adopted the back penicilliosis with rhodotorula mucilaginosa inhibitory action all significantly is better than control treatment; Wherein combine treatment effect best; Rotting rate is 16.67%, well below contrast (63.33%), is 26.32% of control treatment.Separately using the rotting rate of rhodotorula mucilaginosa is 56.67%, is 42.11% of control treatment, and the inhibitory action of using SA that strawberry is adopted the back penicilliosis is separately compared with contrast does not have appreciable impact.
Inhibition effect to peach fruit head mold disease, gray mold and penicilliosis
Can see rhodotorula mucilaginosa (1 * 10 from Fig. 2
8The incidence of disease of individual/as ml) to suppress significantly with SA (100 μ g/ml) binding energy that the head mold of peach fruit is sick, gray mold and penicilliosis; Incidence of disease difference 30%, 31.67% and 8.33% in conjunction with handling head mold disease, gray mold and penicilliosis is 30%, 37.5% and 20.83% of control treatment.Use rhodotorula mucilaginosa to handle the head mold disease and the gray mold that also can significantly suppress the peach fruit separately, but effect is not so good as to combine to handle, head mold is sick, the gray mold incidence of disease is respectively 50% and 38.33%, is 50% and 45.4% of control treatment.Use rhodotorula mucilaginosa and the independent salicylic acid that uses are handled the incidence of disease that can not significantly suppress peach fruit penicilliosis separately, use the salicylic acid processing can not obviously suppress the generation of peach fruit head mold disease and gray mold separately.
Embodiment 2: salicylic acid is used in combination the influence to strawberry fruit nature rotting rate with rhodotorula mucilaginosa
One, testing program
Fruit is carried out following processing soaked fruit 30 seconds: (1) 1 * 10
8The rhodotorula mucilaginosa bacteria suspension of individual/ml (SA that contains 100 μ g/ml); (2) 1 * 10
8The rhodotorula mucilaginosa bacteria suspension of individual/ml; (3) SA (100 μ g/ml) and (4) sterilized water.Then; The fruit of handling well is put into plastic crate to be sealed with preservative film; Storage changed in the constant incubator of 20 ℃ (RH 95%) storage over to 1 day in storage 3 days and the 4 ℃ of refrigerator-freezers after 7 days in the constant incubator of 20 ℃ (RH 95%), took out fruit and added up the rot fruit number.Every processing repetition 3 times, whole experiment repetition 2 times.The record fruit incidence of disease is estimated the fungistatic effect of rhodotorula mucilaginosa with this.The computing formula of the incidence of disease is following:
Fruit sum * 100% of the fruit/inoculation pathogen of the incidence of disease (%)=morbidity
Two, result of the test
According to the above-mentioned steps test, the natural rotting rate result of statistics fruit is following:
As can beappreciated from fig. 3, through rhodotorula mucilaginosa (1 * 10
8Individual/ml) and strawberry fruit that combine to handle of SA (100 μ g/ml); Cultivated 3 days or behind 4 ℃ of following 7d, changed over to 20 ℃ 20 ℃ (humidity 95%) to cultivate 1 day no matter be; The natural occurrence rate of strawberry fruit all significantly is lower than contrast; Be respectively 36% and 28.56% of control treatment, but the natural rotting rate effect of using rhodotorula mucilaginosa also can significantly reduce strawberry fruit is separately handled not as combining well.
Embodiment 3: salicylic acid and rhodotorula mucilaginosa are used in combination the influence to the fruit storage quality
One, testing program
Fruit is carried out following processing soaked fruit 30 seconds: (1) 1 * 10
8The rhodotorula mucilaginosa bacteria suspension of individual/ml (SA that contains 100 μ g/ml); (2) 1 * 10
8The rhodotorula mucilaginosa bacteria suspension of individual/ml; (3) SA (100 μ g/ml) and (4) sterilized water.Then; The fruit of handling well is put into plastic crate to be sealed with preservative film; Storage changed in the constant incubator of 20 ℃ (RH 95%) storage over to 1 day in storage 3 days and the 4 ℃ of refrigerator-freezers after 7 days in the constant incubator of 20 ℃ (RH 95%), and the storage quality analysis is carried out in taking-up.
The storage quality analytical method is following:
(1) hardness: adopt TA-XT2i texture analyser (Britain Stable Micro Systems company) test; Probe diameter is 5mm; Long journey speed before the probe test, in the test, after the test is 1.0mm/s; MTD is 10mm, and suffered maximum resistance (unit is newton) just was defined as the hardness of fruit when probe inserted fruit.Each handles 4 fruit of repetition.
(2) total dissoluble solid: adopt the hand-held saccharometer of WYT (0-80%) to measure, measure the result and be expressed as the g/100g sample.
(3) titrable acidity (%): adopt titration, take by weighing 10 g samples from 6 fruit samplings, adding distil water grinds rapidly; Be settled to 100 ml volumetric flasks; Filter, get 10 ml filtrating, carry out titration to pH 8.1 with 0.1 mol/l NaOH; Calculate after the titration, the result representes with the percentage that contains citric acid.
(4) mensuration of Vitamin C content: adopt 2,6-dichloropheno-lindophenol method method.Get 5 g samples from 6 fruit and add 5mL 2% oxalic acid grinding homogenate, pour the 100ml volumetric flask into,, add 1ml 30% zinc sulfate, shake up with 1% oxalic acid washing residue.Add 1 ml, 15% potassium ferrocyanide (depigmentation) again,, shake up filtration with 1% oxalic acid constant volume.Get filtered fluid 4ml, add 2 to each pipe then, 6-dichloropheno-lindophenol dye solution adds xylenes 5 ml immediately, shakes about 0.5 min rapidly, leaves standstill back xylenes and separates with water layer, and upper strata xylene extraction liquid is measured absorbance under 500 nm wavelength.OD value according to measuring liquid is looked into calibration curve, obtains corresponding Vc content.
Two, result of the test
According to the above-mentioned steps test, the result of statistics strawberry and peach fruit storage quality is following:
Table 1 salicylic acid is used in combination the influence to the strawberry fruit storage quality with rhodotorula mucilaginosa
Annotate: SA: salicylic acid (100 μ g/ml); Glue is red: rhodotorula mucilaginosa bacteria suspension (1 * 10
8Individual/ml); SA+ glue is red: 1 * 10
8Individual/ml rhodotorula mucilaginosa bacteria suspension (SA that contains 100 μ g/ml).The significance of difference (p=0.05) represented in different letters.
Can know by table 1: as far as the strawberry storage quality; The titrable acidity that combines to handle strawberry fruit when using separately strawberry fruit soluble solid content that SA, rhodotorula mucilaginosa and combination handle and 4 ℃ during except that 20 ℃ is significantly higher than the control treatment, and no significant difference is all compared in other aspects with contrast.
[0037]Through rhodotorula mucilaginosa (1 * 10
8Individual/ml) and peach fruit that combine to handle of SA (100 μ g/ml); After 25 ℃ (humidity 95%) is placed 7 days; The incidence of disease of peach fruit significantly is lower than control treatment, and the index of quality hardness of duration of storage peach fruit, soluble solid content, titratable acid content and Vc content are compared no significant difference with contrast.
Above result of the test shows utilizes salicylic acid and rhodotorula mucilaginosa to be used in combination, and can reduce the natural rotting rate of strawberry and peach fruit significantly, and its storage quality is not had a negative impact.
Claims (4)
1. salicylic acid combines rhodotorula mucilaginosa to use the method for biological control fruit postharvest diseases, it is characterized in that carrying out according to following step: with the rhodotorula mucilaginosa activation, and with NYDB medium culture rhodotorula mucilaginosa, the centrifugal thalline that obtains; Thalline is prepared into 1 * 10 with the dilution of the salicylic acid of 100 μ g/ml
8The bacteria suspension of individual/ml; Fruit is put into bacteria suspension, take out natural air drying behind the immersion 30s at once; Be placed in the plastic crate, after the preservative film sealing, be placed under the room temperature condition and deposit.
2. salicylic acid according to claim 1 combines rhodotorula mucilaginosa to use the method for biological control fruit postharvest diseases, it is characterized in that wherein said NYDB culture medium is: yeast extract 5g, beef extract 8g, glucose 10g, purified water 1000ml, pH nature.
3. salicylic acid according to claim 1 combines rhodotorula mucilaginosa to use the method for biological control fruit postharvest diseases, it is characterized in that wherein said rhodotorula mucilaginosa (
Rhodotorula mucilaginosa), preservation strain is numbered CGMCC No.3617.
4. salicylic acid according to claim 1 combines rhodotorula mucilaginosa to use the method for biological control fruit postharvest diseases, it is characterized in that preferred strawberry of wherein said fruit or peach fruit.
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| CN103766474A (en) * | 2014-01-14 | 2014-05-07 | 浙江大学 | Biological preservative for cherry and tomato fruits and use thereof |
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