CN102548684A

CN102548684A - Crankshaft production method and production apparatus

Info

Publication number: CN102548684A
Application number: CN2010800085565A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 前田治
Original assignee: Toyota Motor Corp
Current assignee: Toyota Motor Corp
Priority date: 2010-09-17
Filing date: 2010-09-17
Publication date: 2012-07-04
Anticipated expiration: 2030-09-17
Also published as: DE112010005886T8; DE112010005886B4; DE112010005886T5; JP5035579B2; JPWO2012035663A1; WO2012035663A1; CN102548684B

Abstract

A crankshaft production method includes: pressurizing both end portions of a shaft blank with a pressurization surface of a die, the pressurization surface being inclined in a specific direction so as to come close to the other end side of the shaft blank, and applying an axial compressive load to the shaft blank, while restricting a radial deformation in a predetermined zone of the shaft blank in a direction other than the specific direction, thereby swaging the shaft blank and causing the predetermined zone to buckle in the specific direction.

Description

The manufacturing approach of bent axle and the manufacturing installation of bent axle

Technical field

The present invention relates to the manufacturing approach of bent axle and the manufacturing installation of bent axle, relate in particular to have axle journal (journal) portion that becomes rotary middle spindle, from the manufacturing approach of the bent axle of eccentric pin portion of this collar and the crank arm that between said collar and pin portion, extends and the manufacturing installation of bent axle.

Background technology

As relating to the prior art that bent axle is made, for example known have a patent documentation 1.Following content is disclosed in the patent documentation 1: will cut off the steel billet spare (example that is equivalent to blank among the present invention) that forms predetermined length with the pole that material constitutes by cold forging; With hydraulic bending press this steel billet spare is carried out bending machining; Shown in Figure 28 like the application; The bias material 10 ' (bending operation) that the part p ' that formation becomes the part j ' of each collar and becomes each pin portion forms to the biasing of axle vertical direction; Then; As the application shown in Figure 29 vertically to this bias material 10 ' pressurization, shown in Figure 30 like the application, compression molding goes out the bent axle main body 100 ' (upsetting operation) that spacing between connecting wall (example that is equivalent to crank arm among the present invention) W ' forms preliminary dimension.And at patent documentation 1 following method being disclosed also: pressurizes, temporarily is pressed under the state of each counterweight (balance weight) with respect to each connecting wall location of bent axle main body of cold-forging forming will turning up the soil with the bent axle body portion; Then; The compression of each counterweight is made itself and the fastening binding of each connecting wall plasticity; Make bent axle main body and counterweight integrated, make bent axle (0017).

In the upsetting operation; Shown in figure 29; Respectively the part j ' that becomes collar of bias material 10 ' and the part p ' that becomes pin portion are remained on template (template) 30 ', 31 '; Under the state of it being accommodated slidably, constraining in the housing 32 ', pressurize with the mode of compression vertically, part w ' the flattening ground shaping that becomes connecting wall with bias material 10 ' forms preliminary dimension with the spacing between the connecting wall W '.The part w ' that will become connecting wall in the upsetting operation flattens the ground shaping; Thereby radially stretching; When the offset of the part j ' that becomes collar, pin portion of bias material 10 ', p ' increases to the collar J ' of bent axle 100 ' and the offset of the P ' of pin portion (making the part w ' elongation that becomes connecting wall) etc., also constitute sometimes: the template 31 ' that keeps becoming the part p ' of pin portion can move along the direction of extending housing 32 ' in along with the increase of offset.

Patent documentation 1: TOHKEMY 2005-9595 communique

Summary of the invention

In above-mentioned patent documentation 1; In bending operation (with preform operation contrast of the present invention); Only be that steel billet spare is carried out bending machining; So shown in Figure 28 like the application, only through bending machining with the part w ' that becomes the crank arm of bias material (contrasting) 10 ' thickness t on the whole with rough of the present invention (thick shape material) ' form thinlyyer slightly than blank diameter.Therefore, in the upsetting operation of bias material 10 ', the part w ' that becomes the crank arm is big with respect to template 30 ', 31 ' projected area, flatten to predetermined thickness ground that shaping needs bigger power.And; In the above-mentioned prior art,, shown in figure 29 for the thickness of the crank arm W ' that is configured as bent axle 100 ' shown in figure 30; In upsetting operation (with finishing step of the present invention contrast), the amount that the part w ' that becomes the crank arm of bias material 10 ' is flattened is big.

At this, when the mode of in the upsetting operation, flattening with the part w ' that becomes the crank arm with bias material 10 ' was shaped, shown in arrow F among Figure 31, its material flow to became collar, the part j ' of pin portion, p '.And the material such desire shown in arrow G among Figure 31 that flow to the part j ' that becomes collar and pin portion, p ' enlarges its diameter and pushes expansion template 30 ', 31 ', increases for the sliding-frictional resistance of housing 32 ' inner face.The result; When carrying out the upsetting operation, for axial pressure in housing 32 ' needs bigger power, and; Be difficult to be shaped the accurately thickness of crank arm W ', the spacing between the P ' of pin portion etc.; And, be pressed against the inner face of housing 32 ' and increased under the state of sliding-frictional resistance if axial pressure by force that kind then shown in figure 32 at template 30 ', 31 ' end face; Distortion such as template 30 ', 31 ' bends take place, or occur problems such as crackle, breakage on every side in template 30 ', 31 ' the part of controlling the part j ' that becomes collar and pin portion, p '.Therefore, reality is to be difficult to constitute the device that comprises the mould that uses in the upsetting operation.

The present invention makes in view of the above problems, and purpose is to provide a kind of method and the device thereof that can make bent axle with simple structure easily accurately.

The manufacturing approach of bent axle of the present invention is to make the method for bent axle; This bent axle has the collar that becomes rotary middle spindle, from eccentric pin portion of this collar and the crank arm that between said collar and pin portion, extends; The method is characterized in that; Comprise: preform operation, rough of the part that to be formed with to become pin portion and crank arm that the blank bending machining is shaped; With fine finishining shaping operation, to this rough pressurization vertically, it is become the partially-formed for predetermined thickness of crank arm, in said preform operation, form thinner wall section rough the part that becomes the crank arm.

The manufacturing installation of bent axle of the present invention is a device of making bent axle; It is the device of making bent axle; This bent axle has the collar that becomes rotary middle spindle, from eccentric pin portion of this collar and the crank arm that between said collar and pin portion, extends; This device is characterised in that, comprising: pre-forming device, rough of the part that to be formed with to become pin portion and crank arm that the blank bending machining is shaped; With fine finishining shaping device; To this rough pressurization vertically; It is become the partially-formed of crank arm is predetermined thickness; Said pre-forming device, drift and the punch die (ダイ) of controlling the part that becomes collar with the part that becomes pin portion of controlling blank, said drift and punch die have the teat that is used for forming in the part that becomes the crank arm of blank thinner wall section.

Invention according to the manufacturing approach of the application's bent axle; In the preform operation, form thinner wall section rough the part that becomes crank arm, thereby in fine finishining shaping operation, rough pressurizeed vertically and make that it becomes the crank arm partially-formed during for predetermined thickness; Can reduce the flattening amount of this part that becomes the crank arm; As a result, can reduce flowing of material, so can be easily and make bent axle accurately.

Invention according to the manufacturing installation of the application's bent axle; Control the part that becomes pin portion of blank and control the part that becomes collar with punch die and carry out bending machining with drift, utilize the teat of drift and punch die to form thinner wall section in the part that becomes the crank arm of blank.Thus; What make using fine finishining shaping device that rough is pressurizeed vertically that it becomes the crank arm is partially-formed during as predetermined thickness, can reduce the flattening amount of this part that becomes the crank arm, the result; Can reduce flowing of material, so can be easily and make bent axle accurately.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of representing for an embodiment of rough that is shaped by the present invention is described.

Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged drawing of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is that the state from Fig. 2 carries out the be shaped partial enlarged drawing of the bent axle that forms shape of fine finishining.

Fig. 4 (a) is the partial enlarged drawing of representing in order to explain an embodiment that utilizes pre-forming device of the present invention to begin the state before the preform, and Fig. 4 (b) is the partial enlarged drawing of representing in order to explain an embodiment that utilizes pre-forming device of the present invention just to begin the state after the preform.

Fig. 5 (a) is the front view of representing for the embodiment that drift of the present invention and punch die are described, Fig. 5 (b) is the side view of representing for the embodiment that drift of the present invention and punch die are described.

Fig. 6 is the partial enlarged drawing of representing for the pre-forming device that has adopted drift shown in Figure 5 and punch die is described.

Fig. 7 is the concept map of flow (b) of the material of the flowing of material (a) when utilizing drift of the present invention shown in Figure 5 and punch die to carry out preform when comparatively representing to utilize in the past common drift and punch die to carry out preform.

Fig. 8 is the front view that the embodiment when explaining that the bent axle that utilizes the present invention to make has the oilhole that is shaped through machining is represented.

Fig. 9 is the A-A profile of Fig. 8.

Figure 10 (a) is for the embodiment that the punch die that is used for shop drawings 8 and bent axle shown in Figure 9 or drift are described and the vertical profile front view of representing, Figure 10 (b) is for the embodiment that the punch die that is used for shop drawings 8 and bent axle shown in Figure 9 or drift are described and the side view of representing.

Figure 11 is expression through the key diagram of the relation of the angle of the oilhole (a) that is machined in bent axle and is shaped and projection (b) shown in Figure 10 and diameter.

Figure 12 is for another embodiment that the punch die that is used to make the bent axle with oilhole or drift are described and the side view of representing.

Figure 13 is used to explain by the shape of the bent axle of punch die shown in Figure 12 or drift manufacturing and the profile of representing.

Figure 14 is used for the pre-forming device under the situation that explanation has separately controllable axial actuating mechanism (a) and spool orthogonal direction driving mechanism (b) and the concept map represented.

Figure 15 is the profile that is used to explain the state with the axis of centres cervical fixation mechanism that the collar that is positioned at rough central authorities is fixing and the fine finishining shaping device under the situation of the axial pressure mechanism that central authorities pressurize to rough two ends vertically; (a) state of expression fine finishining shaping device before fine finishining shaping operation begins, (b) state of expression fine finishining shaping device after fine finishining shaping operation is accomplished.

Figure 16 be expression make a plurality of pin portion from collar when the eccentric bent axle of same direction, preform becomes the key diagram of an embodiment of the part of the 2nd pin portion, (a) state before the expression preform, (b) state behind the expression preform.

Figure 17 is that the expression preform becomes the key diagram to an embodiment of the part of the 3rd eccentric pin portion of same direction with the 2nd pin portion shown in Figure 16, (a) state before the expression preform, (b) state behind the expression preform.

Figure 18 be expression from state shown in Figure 17, preform becomes the key diagram of an embodiment of the part of the 1st different pin portion of eccentric direction and the 2nd, the 3rd pin portion, (a) state before the expression preform (b) is represented state behind the preform.

Figure 19 be the expression preform become to the key diagram of an embodiment of the part of eccentric the 4th pin portion of the same direction of the 1st pin shown in Figure 17, (a) state before the expression preform, (b) state behind the expression preform.

Figure 20 is the profile of representing for an embodiment of the finishing step that be used to be shaped the 2nd pin, the 3rd pin portion are described, (a) state before the expression fine finishining shaping operation, (b) state after the expression fine finishining shaping operation.

Figure 21 is the profile of representing for an embodiment of the finishing step that be used to be shaped the 1st pin, the 4th pin portion are described.

Figure 22 is the key diagram that is illustrated in the preform because material flows in the shrinkage cavity of rough generation.

Figure 23 is the B-B amplification profile of Figure 22.

Figure 24 be the expression part that becomes the 1st pin portion preformed another embodiment, the state of (b) and rough key diagram behind (a), the preform before the preform.

Figure 25 is the state of (b) behind (a) before preformed, the preform of the expression part that becomes the 2nd pin portion then, the preform and rough key diagram.

Figure 26 is the state of (b) behind (a) before preformed, the preform of the expression part that becomes the 3rd pin portion then, the preform and rough key diagram.

Figure 27 is the state of (b) behind (a) before preformed, the preform of the expression part that becomes the 4th pin portion then, the preform and rough key diagram.

Figure 28 is used to explain that utilization technology in the past is in the bias material of bending operation bending machining and the partial enlarged drawing of representing.

Figure 29 is used for explaining in technology in the past bias material being carried out axial pressure and the upsetting operation of compression molding and the profile represented.

Figure 30 is used to explain that utilization technology in the past forms the bent axle main body of preliminary dimension with the spacing between the connecting wall and the partial enlarged drawing represented.

Figure 31 is used to explain in upsetter's ordered pair bias material axial pressure and flowing of material during compression molding and the local amplification profile of expression.

Figure 32 is that expression makes the collar hole enlargement because the material in the upsetting operation flows, and the key diagram of the state of distortion has taken place the template of controlling this collar.

The explanation of Reference numeral

1: blank, 10: rough, 100: bent axle, 2: pre-forming device, 3: fine finishining shaping device, 20: drift, 21: punch die, 22: teat, 26: cam mechanism (axial actuating mechanism), 27: projection, 28: cam mechanism (axial actuating mechanism), 30; Template, 31; Template, 32: housing, P: pin portion, J: collar, W: crank arm, p: become the part of pin portion, j: become the part of collar, w: become the part of crank arm, T: thinner wall section, H: oilhole.

The specific embodiment

At first, mainly the basic structure of the manufacturing installation of bent axle of the present invention is described based on Fig. 1～embodiment shown in Figure 3.In following record and accompanying drawing; Have in special instruction under the situation of bent axle 100 of a plurality of pin portion, in order to confirm collar J, the P of pin portion, the crank arm W of each several part, then mark is numbered and is put down in writing alphabetic flag separately after; Under the situation of its rough 10 of explanation and blank 1; For the part j that becomes collar, the part p that becomes pin portion that confirms each several part, the part w that becomes the crank arm, then mark is numbered and is put down in writing alphabetic flag separately after, is not limited to have in special instruction under the situation of bent axle 100 and rough 10 and blank 1 of a plurality of pin portion; In following record, behind alphabetic flag, do not mark the record of numbering ground.Among the figure, same Reference numeral marks in identical part or suitable part.

The present invention be make roughly as having shown in Fig. 8 waits become the collar of rotary middle spindle J, from the device of the bent axle 100 of eccentric P of pin portion of this collar J and the crank arm W that between collar J and the P of pin portion, extends; Comprise: blank 1 is carried out bending machining and rough 10 the pre-forming device 2 and its part w that becomes the crank arm is configured as predetermined thickness and with the fine finishining shaping device 3 of preset space length shaping crank arm W in axial pressure to rough 10 of being shaped; Above-mentioned rough 10 is formed with part p, the j that becomes pin portion and crank arm; Pre-forming device 2 has the drift 20 and the punch die 21 of controlling the part j that becomes collar of the part p that becomes pin portion that controls blank 1, and drift 20 has the teat 22 that is used for forming at the part w that becomes the crank arm of blank 1 thinner wall section T with punch die 21.

As shown in Figure 2; The pre-forming device 2 of this embodiment comprise the part p that becomes pin portion that keeps blank 1 drift 20, keep becoming the part j of collar a pair of

punch die

21,21, drive the axial actuating mechanism 26 (afterwards stating) of punch die 21 vertically along the axle orthogonal direction driving mechanism (afterwards stating) of axle orthogonal direction driven punch 20 with respect to drift 20, the part that drift 20 and punch die 21 become the part w of crank arm portion in shaping has and is used for rough 10 the part w pressurized that becomes the crank arm and the teat 22 of shaping thinner wall section T.

As shown in Figure 3, the fine finishining shaping device 3 of this embodiment comprises: keep rough 10 the part j that becomes collar template 30, keep becoming the template 31 of the part p of pin portion, the state of going up this

template

30,31 of constraint at radially (axle orthogonal direction) down so that these

template

30,31 axially displaceable modes keep this

template

30,31 housing 32 so that

template

30,31 in housing 32, move vertically and in template 30, the axial pressure mechanism 26 (afterwards stating) of between 31 rough 10 the part w that becomes the crank arm being flattened, exerting pressure vertically with the mode of preset space length formation crank arm W.

The drift 20 of pre-forming device 2 have along the axle orthogonal direction to the main body 20a of blank 1 pressurization, be located at the below of this main body 20a and control the drift pressing piece 20b of the part p that becomes pin portion of blank 1.Drift pressing piece 20b can open and close or releasably take off with respect to main body 20a.Blank 1 is in the state configuration of opening or unloading low punch pressing piece 20b with respect to main body 20a, closes or installs drift pressing piece 20b, keeps this state with clamping piece etc. with respect to main body 20a thereafter, thereby control the part p that becomes pin portion of blank 1.Drift 20 is installed in dish 23.Last dish 23 and for example being connected as axle orthogonal direction driving mechanism along the shrink back pressure head of forcing press of driving of the axle orthogonal direction elongation of blank 1.Part p's main body 20a that becomes pin portion to the blank 1 of being controlled pressurizes along the axle orthogonal direction through dish 23 is descended; And be formed with teat 22, this teat 22 be used for and after between the main body 21a of the punch die 21 stated to becoming the adjacent part w that becomes the crank arm of the part p of pin portion pressurized and form the recess that becomes thinner wall section T vertically with this.

Punch die 21 is same with drift 20; Have and drift 20 between will become the main body 21a that the part w of crank arm forms with flattening and be located at this main body 21a above and control the punch die pressing piece 21b of the part that becomes collar j of blank 1, punch die pressing piece 21b can or releasably take off with respect to main body 21a switching.Main body 21a is formed with the teat 22 that is used for becoming at the part w that becomes the crank arm recess of thinner wall section T.And punch die is configured to and can moves vertically.

Reference example such as Fig. 4, Figure 16～19 etc., axial actuating mechanism 26 can be by by the decline of last dish 23 and the cam mechanism that closely moves each other constitutes.The cam mechanism 26 that constitutes axial actuating mechanism is made up of driving cam 26a and inverted cam 26b.In the cam mechanism 26 in the embodiment shown in Fig. 4 etc., make the cam surface of two cam mechanisms 26 that a pair of

punch die

21,21 moves respectively vertically be set to equal angular, two punch dies 21,21 are equally closely moved vertically by the decline of last dish 23.Driving cam 26a and inverted cam 26b be not so that be arranged in sidepiece (Fig. 4 etc. of blank 1 with the mode of the blank of being controlled by drift 20 and punch die 21 1 interference; Front side and inboard with respect to paper), set with the relative mode of cam surface of two cam 26a, 26b.Therefore, represent driving cam 26a and inverted cam 26b with chain-dotted line among the figure.Driving cam 26a is provided with the mode that can not move vertically, and inverted cam 26b is provided with axially displaceable mode, and links with punch die 21.When driving cam 26a is depressed along with the decline of last dish 23, a pair of

punch die

21,21 is closely moved each other vertically by inverted cam 26b.The cam mechanism 26 of this embodiment is configured to: do not descend at driving cam 26a, inverted cam 26 closely moves (promptly each other vertically; Do not begin the preform of blank 1) state under, the cam surface of driving cam 26a and inverted cam 26b is in contact with one another.Therefore, in this embodiment, making the axle orthogonal direction pressurization that utilizes the decline of going up dish 23 to carry out blank is the structure that begins simultaneously with the axial pressure of utilizing cam mechanism 26 to carry out blank.Axial actuating mechanism 26 is not limited to cam mechanism, also can be made up of other actuator such as the elongation hydraulic cylinder of shrinking back vertically.

The

template

30,31 of fine finishining shaping device 3 is constituted by cutting apart: so that the mode that can keep, unload the part j that becomes collar respectively and become the part p of pin portion can open and close or releasably take off.Housing 32 integral body form roughly cylindric; And in order can rough 10 that remain in

template

30,31 to be configured to inside and after shaping, to take out; Being divided into shape is the shape of splitting to be opened/closed, and the housing 32 of when carrying out the fine finishining shaping, splitting shape can be because of not noting maintenance with opening.Axial pressure mechanism 33 can be as follows constitutes like this: Figure 20 and shown in Figure 21 for example, make an end and the ground or the wall butt of housing 32, and the pushing member 37 that is connected from the pressure head of other end insertion and forcing press etc.; Perhaps, the pushing member 37 that is connected with the pressure head of forcing press etc. is inserted at the two ends from housing shown in figure 15.

The work of the basic comprising of the manufacturing approach of bent axle of the present invention and this

device

2,3 then, mainly based on Fig. 1～embodiment shown in Figure 3, is described under the situation of the

device

2,3 that adopts above-mentioned formation.When Fig. 1 is illustrated in manufacturing and for example connects the employed bent axle 100 of the internal combustion engine etc. of 4 cylinders blank 1 preform is formed rough 10; Be formed with: from the part j that becomes collar to 4 eccentric part w10, w12, w21, w23, w32, w34, w43, w45 that become the part p1～p4 of pin portion and become the crank arm of predetermined direction, this part w10, w12, w21, w23, w32, w34, w43, w45 that becomes the crank arm from the part j01 that becomes collar, j12, j23, j34, j45 to the two ends of predetermined radially extending, supporting becomes the part p1～p4 of each pin portion respectively.

The present invention is the roughly method of the bent axle 100 shown in Fig. 8 etc. of a kind of manufacturing; This bent axle 100 has becomes the collar of rotary middle spindle J, from eccentric P of pin portion of this collar J and the crank arm W that between collar J and the P of pin portion, extends; Method of the present invention comprises: the preform operation, and it carries out bending machining to blank 1 and is shaped being formed with rough 10 of the part p that becomes pin portion and crank arm, w; With fine finishining shaping operation; It should pressurize for rough 10 vertically, and its part w that becomes the crank arm is configured as predetermined thickness, and with preset space length shaping crank arm W; In the preform operation, form thinner wall section T at rough 10 the part w that becomes the crank arm.

Blank 1 is made up of the circular metal material bar-shaped or wire in cross section.In the preform operation, blank 1 is as shown in Figure 2, controls the part p that becomes pin portion of blank 1 at drift 20, controls the part j that becomes collar respectively at punch die 21,21.Then, make drift 20 move and pressurize, and

punch die

21,21 is moved near drift 20 ground vertically pressurize along the axle orthogonal direction of blank 1.The part p that becomes pin portion of blank 1 is eccentric from the part j that becomes collar; Accompany therewith; Through

punch die

21,21 is closely moved each other, between the main body 21a of the main body 20a of drift 20 and punch die 21 the part w that becomes the crank arm between the part p that becomes pin portion and the part j that becomes collar is being pressurizeed vertically.The pressurizations of closely moving vertically each other along the axle orthogonal direction pressurization of moving of blank 1 and

punch die

21,21 by drift 20 with joint efforts; The part w that becomes the crank arm is formed recess in the pressurization of axle orthogonal direction partly by two teats 22; As a result, form thinner wall section T at the part w that becomes the crank arm.

Shown in Fig. 2 amplifies, only be that the bias material 10 ' (with reference to the dotted line of Fig. 2) that blank 1 ' carries out bending machining is compared with the prior art that kind, thinner wall section T is in thickness direction a attenuation.Thinner wall section T is at axial (left and right directions of Fig. 2) b, radially (above-below direction of Fig. 2) c is also thin than prior art.

Then, as shown in Figure 3, in the fine finishining shaping operation,, be configured in the housing 32, vertically pressurization in rough 10 the part p that becomes pin portion and part j mounting template that becomes

collar

30,31 and maintenance.Because the part w that becomes the crank arm at rough 10 is formed with thinner wall section T; Therefore as shown in Figure 3; Fine finishining shaping operation with

template

30,31 keep becoming part j, p and the ground of the compression molding vertically pressurization in housing 32 of collar and pin portion, when rough 10 the part w that becomes the crank arm being flattened vertically in template 30, between 31; The flattening amount of predetermined thickness of crank arm W that crimps onto bent axle 100 from the thickness of rough 10 the part w that becomes crank arm is few; In addition, because the projected area that contacts with

template

30,31 diminishes, therefore axial plus-pressure is also little.

And, in the preform operation, form thinner wall section T at rough 10 the part w that becomes the crank arm; Axially flattened the crank arm W of ground compression molding thus in fine finishining shaping operation, the shape of the misrun that is shaped in its bight (meat is stolen body, and thickness reduces); Can be reduced in collar J is the moment of center when bent axle 100 is pivoted; Therefore can alleviate the weight of counterweight, the result can make bent axle 100 whole lightweights.

Another embodiment of the manufacturing installation of bent axle of the present invention then, is described based on Fig. 4.In this embodiment, the part identical or suitable with above-mentioned embodiment marked same Reference numeral and omit its explanation, different portions only is described.

The pre-forming device 2 of this embodiment is constituted as: at first axle orthogonal direction driving mechanism begins the part p that becomes pin portion of blank 1 is pressurizeed along the axle orthogonal direction; Thereafter; Axial actuating mechanism 26 beginning pressurization vertically so that the axial position that becomes the part p of pin portion and the part j that becomes collar that is adjacent each other near.

The cam mechanism 26 that constitutes axial actuating mechanism shown in Figure 4 is set to, and under the state that the part p that becomes pin portion of 20 pairs of blanks 1 of beginning drift pressurizes along the axle orthogonal direction, the top and last dish 23 of driving cam 26a forms predetermined gap S.Inverted cam 26b is supported on the pedestal disk 25 of lower wall 24 with axially displaceable mode.Driving cam 26a be configured to hang on dish 23 below; And last dish 23 descend and with can be during butt above the driving cam 26a along not the moving axially of blank 1, perhaps can make so that the cam surface of driving cam 26a supports and the structure to the driving cam 26a application of force to the top with respect to the cam surface of inverted cam 26b slidably.Driving cam 26a also can make following structure: be installed in the dish 23 below; Under the state that last dish 23 does not descend, inverted cam 26b does not closely move each other vertically, produce the gap S of vertical direction between two cam surfaces of driving cam 26a and inverted cam 26b.

Then, for another embodiment of the manufacturing approach of bent axle of the present invention, describe based on situation and its work of the pre-forming device 2 that adopts formation shown in Figure 4.In this embodiment, the part mark same reference numerals identical or suitable with above-mentioned embodiment omitted its explanation, different portions only is described.

The manufacturing approach of this embodiment; In the preform operation, at first begin the part p that becomes pin portion of blank is pressurizeed along the axle orthogonal direction, thereafter; Beginning is pressurization vertically so that the axial location of this part p that becomes pin portion and the part j that becomes collar that is adjacent each other near.

Shown in Fig. 4 (a), in the preform operation, under the state that dish 23 has risen on making, the part j that becomes collar of the blank 1 that punch die 21 is controlled be configured as predetermined length, and make the part p that drift 20 is controlled becomes pin portion, make dish 23 declines.So; The part p that becomes pin portion of blank 1 begins to descend along with last dish 23 and by along the pressurization of axle orthogonal direction, and the boundary member of the part w that becomes the crank arm of blank 1 and the part p that becomes pin portion and the part that becomes crank arm w partly occur bending and deformation with the portion boundary that becomes collar j thereupon.Then; Shown in Fig. 4 (b); When last dish 23 further descended with driving cam 26a butt, along with the decline driving cam 26a of last dish 23 also descends, cam surface was connected to the inverted cam 26b that links with punch die 21; Make inverted cam 26b each other near move vertically (also can show as and make two punch dies 21,21), to becoming the part w axial pressure of crank arm respectively near drift 20.At this moment; The part w that becomes the crank arm of blank 1 with become the part p of pin portion and collar, the boundary portion separately of j has begun flexural deformation, so punch die 21 can not slide at the part j that becomes collar of blank 1, can be easily and control this part j ground reliably and carry out axial pressure.

Then; Dish 23 is further descended, and then the part w that becomes the crank arm of blank 1 by axial pressure, is utilized in teat 22 that two

main body

20a, 21a form and the formation recess between the main body 21a of the main body 20a of drift 20 and punch die 21; As a result, form thin part T shown in Figure 2.

Then, based on Fig. 5～drift 20 of 7 explanations pre-forming device 2 of the present invention and the different embodiments of punch die 21.Because drift 20 is roughly the same shapes with punch die 21, so drift 20 shown in Fig. 5～7, for the Reference numeral at the position of the punch die 21 corresponding with drift 20, insertion of brackets is represented.In this embodiment, the part mark same reference numerals identical or suitable with above-mentioned embodiment omitted its explanation, different portions only is described.

The front view of Fig. 5 (a) expression drift 20, the side view of Fig. 5 (b) expression drift 20.Fig. 6 representes to adopt the drift 20 of this embodiment and the pre-forming device 2 of punch die 21.Fig. 7 (a) is illustrated in the preform operation because the key diagram that the material of the blank 1 that the drift 20 of above-mentioned basic structure and punch die 21 cause flows with arrow, and Fig. 7 (b) representes because the key diagram that the material of the blank 1 that the drift 20 of this embodiment and punch die 21 cause flows with arrow.For with this embodiment relatively, the position of the drift 20 of above-mentioned basic structure and the main body 20a of punch die 20,21a and the part w butt that becomes crank arm blank 1 dots in Fig. 5 (b).

Among the drift 20 of this embodiment and the main body 20a of punch die 21, the 21a, with the position of the part w butt that becomes the crank arm of blank 1, be formed with so that the face M that the material of blank 1 tilts along its Radial Flow ground.Shown in Fig. 5 (b), above the part that keeps blank 1, be formed with crest line N, the inclined plane M of crest line N both sides is to tilt with respect to paper step-down and the mode that uprises towards the top towards the side from crest line N.

As shown in Figure 6, drift 20 and the punch die 21 that constitutes like this is located at the pedestal disk 25 of going up dish 23 and lower wall 24 of pre-forming device 2 respectively.And when the precalculated position of controlling blank 1, when making dish 23 declines, beginning preform; The material of blank 1 is such shown in arrow among Fig. 7 (b); By teat 22 pushings of the face M that tilts from crest line N; Can be not only along blank 1 axially, also radially leave (keeping out of the way); Therefore, can not occur that material directly flows vertically shown in arrow among Fig. 7 (a), rough 10 length extends to such an extent that be longer than blank 1, can reduce the thickness that does not need the crank of axial stiffness arm W comparatively speaking and the lightweight of seeking bent axle 100.

The another variation of drifts 20 and punch die 21 then, is described based on Fig. 8～11.Drift 20 is roughly same structures with punch die 21, therefore in Fig. 8～11 punch die 21 is shown, and for the Reference numeral at the position of the drift 20 corresponding with punch die 21, insertion of brackets is represented.In this embodiment, the part mark same reference numerals identical or suitable with above-mentioned embodiment omitted its explanation, different portions only is described.

Like Fig. 8 and shown in Figure 9, bent axle 100 is formed with the oilhole H that is used to lubricate usually.Oilhole H comprises the axle orthogonal direction oilhole H1 that radially connects collar J and is communicated with and is opened on the inclination oilhole H2 of the P of pin portion with this orthogonal direction oilhole H1.Such oilhole H normally utilizes and uses the machining of drill bits etc. to form in bent axle 100 back that is shaped.During in the machining of the oilhole H that is used to be shaped such, in particular for the machining of shaping inclination oilhole H2, need be pre-formed preparatory hole.In this embodiment, the inner peripheral surface in the part of controlling blank 1 of drift 20 and punch die 21 is formed with the projection 27 that can form preparatory hole.

Shown in figure 10, form a pair of projection 27 at the inner peripheral surface of the part of controlling blank 1 of punch die 21 and drift 20.The shape of projection 27 can be the polygonal pyramid of coniform or triangular pyramid, rectangular pyramid etc.The angle θ of the bottom surface of projection 27 (Figure 11 (b)) is set to the oilhole H2 that tilts roughly the same with respect to the angle θ (Figure 11 (a)) of axle orthogonal direction, and the diameter d of projection 27 (Figure 11 (b)) is set to below the diameter D (Fig. 9) of oilhole H.

Then, for another embodiment of manufacturing approach of the present invention, based on using the punch die that is formed with projection 27 21 and situation and its work of drift 20 shown in Fig. 8～11 to describe together.In this embodiment, also be that the part mark same reference numerals identical or suitable with above-mentioned embodiment omitted its explanation, different portions only is described.

Manufacturing approach of the present invention is in the preform operation, in the partially-formed preparatory hole that is used for machining of the oilhole H of bent axle 100 opening.And; More specifically; The inner peripheral surface in the part of controlling blank 1 of preparing pre-forming device 2 in advance is formed with the drift 20 and punch die 21 of projection 27; Between

main body

21a, 20a and punch die pressing piece 21b and drift pressing piece 20b, dispose respectively blank 1 the precalculated position, keep with clamping piece etc., thereby in the back operation, be formed for preparatory hole at blank 1 at bent axle 100 machining oilhole H.In this embodiment, can be omitted in the operation that is formed for the preparatory hole of machining oilhole H after bent axle 100 is shaped.In addition, through formation projection 27, thereby can prevent that the blank 1 that drift 20 and punch die 21 are controlled from sliding relatively when preform, the result can begin to pressurize vertically in the pressurization of axle orthogonal direction to blank 1.

Then, explanation is formed on another embodiment of the projection 27 of drift 20 and punch die 21 based on Figure 12 and Figure 13.In this embodiment, also be that the part mark same reference numerals identical or suitable with above-mentioned embodiment omitted its explanation, different portions only is described.In this embodiment, shown in figure 12, the inner peripheral surface in the part of controlling blank 1 of drift 20 and punch die 21 circumferentially equally spaced is being formed with 4 projections 27.Each projection 27 is to form along the mode of circumferentially giving prominence to radially inner side gradually towards another projection 27 from a projection 27 that is adjacent.

Be formed with the punch die 21 and drift 21 of projection 27 like this; Between main body 21a, 20a and punch die pressing piece blank 21b and drift pressing piece 20b, dispose respectively blank 1 the precalculated position, keep with clamping piece; Thereby it is shown in figure 13; The preparatory hole of the groove shape that the circumferential degree of depth in formation edge deepens gradually; Therefore can be omitted in the operation that is formed for the preparatory hole of machining oilhole H after bent axle 100 is shaped, in addition, can prevent that the blank 1 that drift 20 and punch die 21 are controlled from sliding relatively, can begin simultaneously blank 1 along pressurization of axle orthogonal direction and pressurization vertically when preform.And, in this embodiment, because hole shape becomes the groove shape that deepens gradually along circumferentially in advance; When therefore using as bent axle 100, be to pivot in the center through bent axle 100 with collar J, lubricant is brought to this preparatory hole of groove shape and flows into oilhole H1 expeditiously; And; Collar J, the P of pin portion and the contact area that supports between their R of bearing portion diminish, and therefore can reduce the amount of the lubricant of supplying with to the R of bearing portion, the result; Can reduce the capacity of the pump that is used for the pressurized delivered lubricant, when bent axle 100 is used for internal combustion engine, suppress fuel cost (fuel consumption) low.

Another embodiment of pre-forming device 2 of the present invention then, is described based on Figure 14.In this embodiment, also be that the part mark same reference numerals identical or suitable with above-mentioned embodiment omitted its explanation, different portions only is described.

(a) of Figure 14 and (b) in the front view of basic structure of arbitrary side expression pre-forming device 2, the opposing party is from overlooking or upward view with arbitrary upright direction of handing over (direction vertical with respect to paper) is observed.In the above-mentioned embodiment; Control the part p that becomes pin portion, the edge axle orthogonal direction pressurization of blank 1 with drift 20; Follow in this, the punch die 21,21 of controlling the part j that becomes collar is closely moved vertically each other and carry out axial pressure with cam mechanism 26.Relative therewith; The pre-forming device 2 of this embodiment; Be configured for independently respectively with drift 21 control the part p that becomes pin portion of blank 1, along the mechanism 40 (Figure 14 (b)) of axle orthogonal direction pressurization be used to make the punch die 21,21 of controlling the part j that becomes collar closely to move, carry out the mechanism 41 (Figure 14 (a)) of axial pressure vertically each other.More specifically; In this embodiment; Shown in Figure 14 (b), be used for drift 20 control blank 1 the part p that becomes pin portion, constitute by the actuators such as hydraulic cylinder 40 that are connected with drift 20 along the mechanism 40 of axle orthogonal direction pressurization, shown in Figure 14 (a); Be used for the mechanism 41 that the part j that becomes collar of blank 1 controlled, closely carried out each other vertically axial pressure respectively with punch die 21 is made up of cam mechanism; This cam mechanism is accompanied by that movable plate 42 closely moves punch die 21,21 near fixed disk 43 each other vertically under the driving of the pressure head of forcing press etc.Through such employing cam mechanism 41, can be same with above-mentioned embodiment, make two punch dies 21,21 impartial vertically mobile.But, the invention is not restricted to this embodiment, for example, the mechanism 41 that is used to make punch die 21 closely carry out axial pressure vertically each other can replace cam mechanism 41, and the actuators such as cylinder that axial elongation is shunk back are connected to punch die 21.

Then for another embodiment of manufacturing approach of the present invention, describe together based on situation and its work of the pre-forming device 2 that uses formation shown in Figure 14.

In the preform operation, utilize separately controllable driving mechanism 40,41 carry out respectively to the axle orthogonal direction pressurization of the part p that becomes pin portion of blank and make this become the part p of pin portion and the axial location of the part j that becomes collar that is adjacent each other near axial pressure.

In this embodiment; Constitute along the mechanism 40 of axle orthogonal direction pressurization and the mechanism 41 of pressurizeing vertically through independent; Thereby can begin spool an orthogonal direction pressurization and an axial pressure respectively with arbitrary timing as required; Even when 21 wearing and tearing have produced error with punch die owing to drift 20, also can adjust the pressure head of the forcing press of driving cam means 41 respectively separately, the ground such as stroke of hydraulic cylinder 40 are controlled according to the error of its generation.Therefore, rough 10 of preform accurately.

Then, specify another embodiment of fine finishining shaping device 3 of the present invention based on Figure 15.In this embodiment, also be that the part mark same reference numerals identical or suitable with above-mentioned embodiment omitted its explanation, different portions only is described.

The fine finishining shaping device 3 of this embodiment comprises: axis of centres cervical fixation mechanism (afterwards stating) that the part j that becomes collar that is positioned at rough 10 central authorities is fixed and the axial pressure mechanism of being pressurizeed to central authorities vertically in rough 10 two ends 36.

State before Figure 15 (a) expression is pressurizeed to rough 10 vertically, Figure 15 (b) expression is pressurizeed and the state of the bent axle 100 that has been shaped to rough 10 vertically.The fine finishining shaping device 3 of this embodiment is used for making the bent axle 100 with a plurality of pin P of portion (Figure 15 is 4), as stated, comprising: keep rough 10 the part j that becomes collar and pin portion, a part or the

whole templates

30,31 of p; This

template

30,31 is gone up the housing 32 that state of constraint can keep vertically movably with radially (axle orthogonal direction); With axial pressure mechanism 36, it exerts pressure vertically and flatten rough 10 the part w that becomes the crank arm so that

template

30,31 moves vertically in housing 32, form preset space length between with crank arm W.And; In this embodiment; The template 35 that remains in the part j that becomes collar of rough 10 central authorities is fixed to and can not moves vertically with respect to housing 32, and axial pressure mechanism is made up of the cam mechanism 36,36 towards the part j that becomes collar that is positioned at rough 10 central authorities pressurization from two ends.

Then, for the different embodiments of manufacturing approach of the present invention, describe together based on situation and its work of using fine finishining shaping device 3 shown in Figure 15.

The manufacturing approach of this embodiment is at finishing step, under the state that the part j23 that becomes collar that will be positioned at rough 10 central authorities fixes, towards central authorities is pressurizeed vertically in rough 10 two ends.

In the fine finishining shaping device 3 of embodiment shown in Figure 15; Rough 10 the part p1, the p4 that become pin (being called the 1st pin) that is arranged in figure left end and the pin (being called the 4th pin) that is positioned at right-hand end are eccentric to same direction from collar; The part p1, the part p2, the p3 that become 2 pins (pin of left is called the 2nd pin, right-hand pin is called the 3rd pin) between the p4 that become the 1st pin and the 4th pin are eccentric to same direction from the part j that becomes collar.And; Describe with following situation in this embodiment: of the back; To between the part p1, p2 that become the 1st pin, the 2nd pin and become between the part p3 of the 3rd pin, the 4th pin, the part j12 that becomes collar, j34 between the p4 and carry out axial pressure, will with flatten ground and be shaped to the continuous part w21 that becomes the crank arm of same direction eccentric the 2nd pin portion that becomes, the part p2 of the 3rd pin portion, p3, w23, w34, w34.Therefore; The fine finishining shaping device 3 of this embodiment; But have moving platen 31,30, but moving platen 31,30 keeps rough 10 becoming to part p2, the p3 of eccentric the 2nd pin of same direction and the 3rd pin and become between the part p1, p2 of the 1st pin, the 2nd pin and become the 3rd pin, the part p3 of the 4th pin, the part j12 that becomes collar, the j34 between the p4.But these moving platens 30,31 can move in housing 32 vertically.And; But the moving platen 30 that keeps becoming between the part p1, p2 of the 1st pin, the 2nd pin and become part p3, the part j12 that becomes collar between the p4, the j34 of the 3rd pin, the 4th pin is shaped as the part j12, the j34 that become collar can radially not kept movably, but and moving platen 30 extend respectively towards the end of housing 32.But the moving platen 31 that keeps becoming part p2, the p3 of the 2nd pin, the 3rd pin is shaped as in housing 32 and can radially moves scheduled volume; So that through axial pressure flatten the part w that becomes the crank arm, with preset space length shaping crank arm W, thereby can allow the P of pin portion with respect to the eccentric predetermined offset of collar J.The fixed form 35 that remains in the part j23 that becomes collar of rough 10 central portion is configured as than the interior path length of housing 32 or big, is formed with the recess 32a that is used to keep fixed form 35 in the substantial middle of housing 32.The recess 32a of fixed form 35 and the housing 32 that keeps it constitutes axis of centres cervical fixation mechanism.Housing 32 integral body form roughly cylindric, and are formed the shape of splitting to be opened/closed by being cut apart, but so that can with rough 10 that remains in fixed form 35 and moving platen 30,31 be configured to inside and after shaping with its taking-up.

The axial pressure mechanism 36 of this embodiment is made up of cam mechanism.Cam mechanism 36 is made up of driving cam 36a and inverted cam 36b, with a pair of setting.Each driving cam 36a is installed in by going up of supportings such as the pressure head of forcing press and coils 53, and each inverted cam 36b is slidably disposed on the pedestal disk 55 on the lower wall 54.Be respectively equipped with pushing member 37 at the mutual opposing vertical face of two inverted cam 36b, but 37 pairs of maintenances of this pushing member become between the part p1, p2 of the 1st pin, the 2nd pin and become the 3rd pin, the 4th pin part p3, the part j12 that becomes collar between the p4, j34 moving platen 30, push towards the end face of the part of the end of housing 32 extension.

Then, for another embodiment of manufacturing approach of the present invention, describe together based on situation and its work with the fine finishining shaping device 3 of formation shown in Figure 15.

The manufacturing approach of this embodiment is at finishing step, under the state that the part j23 that becomes collar that will be positioned at rough 10 central authorities fixes, towards middle ground is pressurizeed vertically in rough 10 two ends.

Shown in Figure 15 (a); The fine finishining shaping operation of this embodiment; But utilize between the part p1 that becomes the 1st pin, the 2nd pin that moving platen 30 keeps rough 10, the p2 and become the 3rd pin, the part p3 of the 4th pin, the part j12 that becomes collar, the j34 between the p4; But utilize moving platen 31 to keep becoming part p2, the p3 of the 2nd pin, the 3rd pin, also utilize fixed form 35 to keep becoming the 2nd pin, the part p2 of the 3rd pin, the part j23 that becomes collar between the p3, be configured in and be configured as in the housing 32 of splitting shape; Fixed form 35 is engaged with the recess 32a of the inner face of housing 32, close, be held in housing 32 cylindric.And; But with the pushing member 37 of inverted cam 36b and keep becoming between the part p1, p2 of the 1st pin, the 2nd pin and become the end butt of the moving platen 30 of the part p3 of the 3rd pin, the 4th pin, the part j12 that becomes collar between the p4, j34, be located at the state that risen on configuration inverted cam 36b between a pair of driving cam 36a of dish 53.And when dish 53 was descended, shown in Figure 15 (b), the cam surface of driving cam 36a and inverted cam 36b slided each other, and two inverted cam 36b closely move each other thus.Therefore; Becoming between the axle journal part j34 all by respectively between rough 10 the part p1, the part j12 that becomes collar between the p2 that become the 1st pin, the 2nd pin and the part p3, p4 that become the 3rd pin, the 4th pin towards the part p2 that becomes the 2nd pin, the 3rd pin, the impartial vertically pressurization of the part j23 that becomes collar between the p3, can with the part w21 of the crank arm that becomes the 2nd pin and the 3rd pin, w23, w32, w34 in each template 30, impartially between 31 flatten the ground shaping.

At this; In the fine finishining shaping operation; Maintenance becomes the template 30 of the part j of collar respectively; For the part j that this become collar with in housing 32 not radially movably the state of constraint keep and move axially in this hold mode lower edge, be configured as slightly forr a short time than the inner peripheral surface of housing 32, the peripheral end face of template 30 slides at the inner peripheral surface of housing 32.Because template the 30, the 31st, by its thickness of axial length decision of part j that becomes collar that is kept and the part p that becomes pin portion, thus can not be very thick, therefore there is the tendency that is difficult to gain in strength.Therefore; Think: carry out common fine finishining shaping operation, when from one end to the other side rough 10 being pressurizeed vertically; Because flowing etc. of material, especially crackles, bending etc. can take place and breakage with the templates 30 of the fixed form 35 part j23 that become collar corresponding, that remain in central authorities of this embodiment.But; In this embodiment; Since be from both sides to fixed form 35 axial pressure equably of the part j23 that becomes collar that remains in central authorities, therefore fixed form 35 is slided in housing 32, therefore; The fixed form 35 that is difficult to gain in strength can not receive the excessive power that produces because of the slip in housing 32, can suppress breakages such as crackle, bending.

Another embodiment of the manufacturing installation of bent axle of the present invention then, is described based on Figure 16～21.In this embodiment, also be that the part mark same reference numerals identical or suitable with above-mentioned embodiment omitted its explanation, different portions only is described.

The pre-forming device 2 of this embodiment is used for making the bent axle with a plurality of pin portions (this embodiment is these 4 of P1～P4); Be divided into: become from collar J to the preform of the part p2 of eccentric the 2nd pin portion of same direction and the 3rd P2 of pin portion, P3, p3 and become the 1st pin portion and the 4th P1 of pin portion, the part p1 of P4, the preform of p4, and carry out each preform successively.The fine finishining shaping device 3 of this embodiment; Be divided into: from rough 10 the part j that becomes collar to the fine finishining of the eccentric part p2 that becomes the 2nd pin portion and the 3rd pin portion of same direction, p3 be shaped and become the part p1 of the 1st pin portion and the 4th pin portion, the fine finishining of p4 is shaped, be shaped and carry out each fine finishining.

Figure 16 (a) expression become the 2nd pin portion part p2 carry out the state before the preform; Figure 16 (b) expression become the 2nd pin portion part p2 carry out the state behind the preform; Figure 17 (a) expression become the 3rd pin portion part p3 carry out the state before the preform; Figure 17 (b) expression become the 3rd pin portion part p3 carry out the state behind the preform; Figure 18 (a) expression become the 1st pin portion part p1 carry out the state before the preform; Figure 18 (b) expression become the 1st pin portion part p1 carry out the state behind the preform, the part p4 of Figure 19 (a) expression becoming the 4th pin portion carries out the state before the preform, the part p4 of Figure 19 (b) expression becoming the 4th pin portion carries out the state behind the preform.Rough 10 of Figure 20 (a) expression from the part j that becomes collar the state before fine finishining is shaped that carries out to the eccentric part p2 that becomes the 2nd pin portion, the 3rd pin portion of same direction, p3; Rough 10 of Figure 20 (b) expression from the part j that becomes collar the state after fine finishining is shaped that carries out to the eccentric part p2 that becomes the 2nd pin portion, the 3rd pin portion of same direction, p3; Figure 21 (a) expression become the 1st pin portion, the 4th pin portion part p1, p4 carry out the state of fine finishining before being shaped, the part p1 of Figure 21 (b) expression becoming the 1st pin portion, the 4th pin portion, p4 carry out the state of fine finishining after being shaped.

The drift 20 that pre-forming device 2 has a part p that becomes each pin portion that keeps blank 1 be positioned at the both sides of this drift 20, keep becoming the punch die 21 of the part j of collar respectively; Punch die 21; Its number is corresponding with the collar J of bent axle 100, so that can keep becoming the part j of each collar.Pre-forming device 2 can constitute the preformed isolated plant of part p1～p4 to becoming each pin portion respectively; Can constitute also to stagger with respect to drift 20 and punch die 21 in the position that makes blank 1 or stagger etc. with respect to blank 1 in the position that makes drift 20 and punch die 21, and the part p1～p4 preform to becoming each pin portion generally.Fine finishining shaping device 3 comprises template 30,31,38, housing 32 and axial pressure mechanism 33.Template 30,31; 38 keep rough 10 the part j12 that becomes collar, pin portion; J23; J34 and p2, p3; Housing 32 can keep the state that this template 30,31,38 goes up constraint at radially (axle orthogonal direction) down vertically movably, and axial pressure mechanism 33 exerts pressure vertically so that template 30,31 moves in housing 32 vertically, with rough 10 become crank arm w21,23 and the part of w34, w43 is flattened, with between preset space length formation crank arm W21, W23, W34, the W43.

Part p2, p3 or the maintenance that template 30 keeps becoming the 2nd pin portion and the 3rd pin portion becomes part p1, the p4 of the 1st pin portion and the 4th pin portion.Template 31 keeps becoming between the 1st pin portion and the 2nd pin portion, between the 2nd pin portion and the 3rd pin portion and part j12, j23, the j34 of the collar between the 3rd pin portion and the 4th pin portion; Or keep becoming part j01, the j45 of collar of the end side of the 1st pin portion and the 4th pin portion, keep becoming part j12, j34 and the j01 of collar, the template 31 of j45 is extended to the end direction of housing.The 1st pin and collar J12 to the 3 pins between the 2nd pin and the collar J34 between the 4th pin that template 38 keeps before fine finishining to be shaped.Housing 32 can be prepared: be exclusively used in the template 30 of accommodating the part p2 that is used to keep becoming the 2nd pin portion and the 3rd pin portion, p3 and be used to keep between the 1st pin portion that becomes and the 2nd pin portion, the housing of the template 31 of the part j12 of the collar between the 2nd pin portion and the 3rd pin portion, between the 3rd pin portion and the 4th pin portion, j23, j34; And be exclusively used in the template 30 of accommodating the part p1 that is used to keep becoming the 1st pin portion and the 4th pin portion, p4, the housing of the template 38 of template 31 and the 1st pin that is used to keep before fine finishining to be shaped of part j01, j45 of collar that be used to keep to become the end side of the 1st pin portion and the 4th pin portion collar J34 between selling with collar J12 to the 3 pins and the 4th between the 2nd pin.Housing 32 also can prepare can common land to use the template 30 of the part p2 that is kept for keeping becoming the 2nd pin portion and the 3rd pin portion, p3 and be used to keep between the 1st pin portion that becomes and the 2nd pin portion, the housing of the template 31 of the part j12 of the collar between the 2nd pin portion and the 3rd pin portion, between the 3rd pin portion and the 4th pin portion, j23, j34; And the housing that is kept for keeping becoming the template 38 of the template 30 of part p1, the p4 of the 1st pin portion and the 4th pin portion, template 31 and the 1st pin that is used to keep before fine finishining to be shaped of part j01, j45 of collar that be used to keep to become the end side of the 1st pin portion and the 4th pin portion collar J34 between selling with collar J12 to the 3 pins and the 4th between the 2nd pin.

Then, for another embodiment of preform operation of the present invention, describe together based on situation and its work of using the pre-forming device shown in Figure 16～19.In this embodiment, also be that the part mark same reference numerals identical or suitable with above-mentioned embodiment omitted its explanation, different portions only is described.

The preform operation of this embodiment roughly is; Bent axle has a plurality of (being these 4 of P1～P4 in this embodiment) pin portion; Making a plurality of pin P of portion from collar J during to the eccentric bent axle of same direction; Be divided into to become from collar J to part p2, the p3 of eccentric the 2nd pin portion of same direction and the 3rd pin portion and become their crank arm part w21, w23, w34, w34 preform and to the preform of the part of part p1, the p4 that becomes the 1st pin portion and the 4th pin portion and the crank arm w10 that becomes them, w12, w43, w45, carry out each preform successively.And; The fine finishining shaping operation of this embodiment; Be divided into from collar J and be shaped and the fine finishining of the 1st P1 of pin portion and the 4th P4 of pin portion and their crank arm W10, W12, W43, W45 is shaped, carry out each fine finishining and be shaped to the fine finishining of eccentric the 2nd P2 of pin portion of same direction and the 3rd P3 of pin portion and their crank arm W21, W23, W34, W34.

When manufacturing has the bent axle of 4 P1～P4 of pin portion; At first shown in Figure 16 (a); Make drift 20 keep part p2 bar-shaped blank 1, that become the 2nd pin portion, and make punch die 21,21 keep becoming part j12, the j23 of the collar adjacent respectively, shown in Figure 16 (b) with the 2nd pin portion; Dish 23 is descended, to becoming the 2nd pin portion and the part p2, w21, the w23 preform that are positioned at the crank arm of its both sides.At this moment, form thinner wall section T for part w21, the w23 that becomes the crank arm carried out axial pressure and make two punch dies 21,21 be set to identical with respect to the amount that drift 20 closely moves vertically.

Then; Shown in Figure 17 (a); Making drift 20 keep preform becomes part p3 blank 1, that become the 3rd pin portion of the 2nd pin portion and the part p2 that is positioned at the crank arm of its both sides, w12, w23, and makes punch die 21,21 keep becoming part j23, the j34 of the collar adjacent with the 3rd pin portion.At this moment, need not make blank 1 from preform become the 2nd pin portion and the part p2, the w12 that are positioned at the crank arm of its both sides, w23 state pivot.Then, shown in Figure 17 (b), dish 23 is descended, preform becomes the 3rd pin portion and carries out with the part p3, w23, the w34 that are positioned at the crank arm of its both sides.Make two punch dies 21,21 with respect to the amount that drift 20 closely moves vertically in order part w23, the w34 that becomes the crank arm to be carried out axial pressure form thinner wall section T, be set to identical.

Then; Shown in Figure 18 (a); Making drift 21 keep preform becomes part p1 blank 1, that become the 1st pin portion of the 2nd pin portion and the 3rd pin portion and the part p2 that is positioned at the crank arm of its both sides, w12, w23, p3, w23, w34, and makes punch die 21,21 keep becoming part j01, the j12 of the collar adjacent with the 1st pin portion.At this moment, make blank 1 from preform become the 2nd pin portion and the 3rd pin portion and the part p2 that is positioned at the crank arm of its both sides, w12, w23, p3, w23, w34 state pivot.Then, shown in Figure 18 (b), dish 23 is descended, carry out preform with the part p1, w01, the w12 that are positioned at the crank arm of its both sides becoming the 1st pin portion.Make two punch dies 21,21 with respect to the amount that drift 20 closely moves vertically in order part w01, the w12 that becomes the crank arm to be carried out axial pressure form thinner wall section T, be set to identical.

Thereafter; Shown in Figure 19 (a); Made drift 20 keep preforms to become the 2nd pin portion, the 3rd pin portion and the 1st pin portion and be positioned at part p2, w12, w23, p3, w23, w34, p1, the w01 of the crank arm of its both sides, part p4 blank 1, that become the 4th pin portion of w12, and made punch die 21,21 keep becoming part w43, the w45 of the collar adjacent with the 4th pin portion.At this moment, need not make blank 1 from preform become the 2nd pin portion, the 3rd pin portion and the 1st pin portion and be positioned at part p2, w12, w23, p3, w23, w34, p1, the w01 of the crank arm of its both sides, the state of w12 pivots.Then, shown in Figure 19 (b), dish 23 is descended, preform becomes the 4th pin portion and the part p4, w43, the w45 that are positioned at the crank arm of its both sides.Form for part w43, the w45 that becomes the crank arm carried out axial pressure thinner wall section T, make two punch dies 21,21 be set to identical with respect to the amount that drift 20 closely moves vertically.Be shaped rough 10, shown in Figure 1ly form thinner wall section T in the part that is becoming each crank arm w10, w12, w21, w23, w34, w34, w43, w45.

Thereafter; Shown in Figure 20 (a); To rough 10 the part p2, the p3 that become the 2nd pin, the 3rd pin and become between the 1st pin and the 2nd pin, between the 2nd pin and the 3rd pin and part j12, j23, the j34 difference mounting template 30,31 of the collar of the 3rd pin and the 4th between selling; Be configured in the housing 32, such shown in Figure 20 (b), utilize pushing member 37 to pressurize vertically.Rough 10 the part that kind as shown in Figure 3 that becomes the crank arm w21 adjacent with the 2nd pin portion, the 3rd pin portion, w23, w34, w34 is squeezed into the fine finishining of predetermined thickness ground and is shaped, and becomes crank arm W21, W23, W34, the W34 of preset space length.Then; Take out the workpiece of this half rough spare 10/ half bent axles 100 states from housing 32; Shown in Figure 21 (a), keep from the fine finishining collar J34 between collar J12 to the 3 pins and the 4th pin between the 1st pin that and the 2nd pin that is shaped with template 38, and with template 30,31 keep becoming part p1, the p4 that the 1st pin and the 4th sells and become be positioned at sell with the 1st respectively and the 4th sell the collar at adjacent both ends part j01, j45; Be configured in housing 32, vertically pressurization.Rough 10 part w10, w12, w43, the w45 that kind as shown in Figure 3 that becomes the crank arm adjacent with the 1st pin portion, the 4th pin portion is flattened into the fine finishining of predetermined thickness ground and is shaped, and becomes crank arm W10, W12, W43, the W45 of preset space length.

The another embodiment of the manufacturing approach when then, the manufacturing installation of bent axle of the present invention being described and having used this device based on Figure 22～27.In this embodiment, also be that the part mark same reference numerals identical or suitable with above-mentioned embodiment omitted its explanation, different portions only is described.

The pre-forming device 2 of above-mentioned embodiment; Be divided into and become from collar J to the preform of the part p2 of eccentric the 2nd pin portion of same direction and the 3rd pin portion, p3 with become the part p1 of the 1st pin portion and the 4th pin portion, the preform of p4; Carry out each preform successively; Relative therewith, the pre-forming device 2 of this embodiment roughly is to carry out preform from the part p1 that becomes the 1st pin portion that is positioned at an end successively to the part p4 that becomes the 4th pin portion that is positioned at the other end.The pre-forming device 2 of this embodiment has the end restraint member 60 and crank arm-collar confining part 61 of the end of constraint blank 1; 61 pairs of this crank arms-collar confining part and the part w12 that become crank arm or w23 in the part that become crank arm w10, w12 or w21, w23 that formed, the other end side adjacent with part p2, w21, w23 or the p3, w32, the w34 that become a pin portion and crank arm; Retrain with the part j12 or the j23 that become with the continuous collar of this crank arm, the axial actuating mechanism 28 of pre-forming device 2 is constituted as: pressurizeing makes to the part w21 that becomes the crank arm of the end side among the part w10 that becomes the crank arm, w12, w21, w23, w32, w34, w43, the w45, w32, w43 than the part w23 that becomes the crank arm of the other end side, w34, w45 vertically near more (L1＞L2).

In the preform operation of above-mentioned embodiment; In the preform operation; Be divided into becoming and carry out preform successively to part p2, the p3 of eccentric the 2nd pin portion of same direction and the 3rd pin portion and the part p1, the p4 ground that become the 1st pin portion and the 4th pin portion from collar J; At this moment, two punch dies 21,21 are closely moved vertically respectively with same amount with respect to drift 20, and in fine finishining shaping operation; Be divided into from collar to eccentric the 2nd pin portion of same direction and the 3rd P2 of pin portion, P3 and the 1st pin portion and the 4th P1 of pin portion, P4, carry out each fine finishining and be shaped.Relative therewith; In this embodiment; In the preform operation; Carry out preform from the part p1 that becomes the 1st pin portion successively to the part p4 that becomes the 4th pin portion; At this moment, when becoming the part p1 preform of the 1st pin portion, make the state of an end of constraint blank 1; Then; Become the part w12 that the crank arm in the part that becomes crank arm w10, w12 adjacent with the part p1 of the 1st pin portion, the 2nd pin portion side and become under the state of the part j12 constraint that becomes collar of partial continuous of crank arm with this what will be shaped, (mode of L1＞L2) moves, part p2, w21, the w23 of the crank arm that becomes the 2nd pin portion and be adjacent of being shaped so that axial length L 1 is greater than axial length L 2; This axial length L 1 be for the part w21 that becomes the crank arm of this constraint side that is shaped (becoming the part p1 side of the 1st pin portion) near the axial length of the part p2 that becomes the 2nd pin portion, this axial length L 2 is near the axial length of the part p2 that becomes the 2nd pin portion for the part w23 that becomes the crank arm of the opposition side that is shaped (becoming the part p3 side of the 3rd pin portion).Then; Same with the part p2 that becomes the 2nd pin portion; The part w23 that becomes the crank arm in the part w21 that becomes the crank arm adjacent that will be shaped, w23, the 3rd pin portion side and become under the state of the part j23 constraint that becomes collar of partial continuous of crank arm with this with the 2nd pin portion; (mode of L1＞L2) moves so that axial length L 1 is greater than axial length L 2; Part p3, w34, the w34 of the crank arm that becomes the 3rd pin portion and be adjacent are shaped; This axial length L 1 is that this retrains the part w32 that becomes the crank arm of a side (becoming the part p2 side of the 2nd pin portion) and near the axial length of the part p3 that becomes the 3rd pin portion, this axial length L 2 is near the axial length of the part p3 that becomes the 3rd pin portion for the part w34 that becomes the crank arm of the opposition side that is shaped (becoming the part p4 side of the 4th pin portion) in order to be shaped.Thereafter; When formation becomes part p4, w43, the w45 of the 4th pin portion and crank arm; Under state with the constraint of the other end of blank 1; (mode of L1＞L2) moves so that axial length L 1 is greater than axial length L 2; Part p4, w43, the w45 of the crank arm that becomes the 4th pin portion and be adjacent are shaped; This axial length L 1 be shaped in order to be shaped side (becoming the part p3 side of the 3rd pin portion) the part w43 that becomes the crank arm and near the axial length of the part p4 that becomes the 4th pin portion, this axial length L 2 is near the axial length of the part p4 that becomes the 4th pin portion for the part w45 that becomes the crank arm of the opposition side that is shaped (the other end side).

In the pre-forming device 2 of this embodiment, a cam mechanism 28 that constitutes axial actuating mechanism is different with the cam mechanism 26 of above-mentioned embodiment.Promptly; In this embodiment; Like Figure 25～shown in Figure 27; Shaping becomes part p2～p4 and w21, w23, w32, w34, the w43 of the 2nd pin portion～the 4th pin portion and its crank arm, the pre-forming device 2 of w45, with punch die 21 along with the axial internal clearance of the decline of last dish 23 is set greater than the mode of the axial internal clearance of right-hand punch die 21 that is positioned at figure with the axial internal clearance of the punch die 21 of the left that is positioned at figure respectively differently.And; In the embodiment shown in Figure 25～27; The angle of the driving cam 28a of the cam mechanism 28 of the left of each figure and the cam surface of inverted cam 28b; Compare with the angle of the cam surface of inverted cam 26b with the driving cam 26a of right-hand cam mechanism 26 of each figure, near level, about

cam mechanism

28,26 set different.

At this; The part p that becomes pin portion of blank 1 is made its closely pressurization and the part w that becoming the crank arm forms in the preform of thinner wall section T each other vertically along the pressurization of axle orthogonal direction and to the part j that becomes collar that is adjacent; The material that becomes the part w of crank arm flows to the adjacent part j that becomes collar; As a result, shown in arrow among Figure 22 and Figure 23, blank 1 extends vertically.And according to conditions such as the temperature of blank 1, material, pressing speeds, sometimes because the flowing of this material, especially the boundary vicinity at part w that becomes the crank arm and the part j that becomes collar produces shrinkage cavity (pore) K.In this embodiment, the shrinkage cavity K for flowing and produces owing to material in the preform of the part p that becomes pin portion at replenishes the material reverse flow at next preform that becomes the part p of pin portion, repairs the shrinkage cavity K of generation.Below, more specifically explain based on Figure 24～embodiment shown in Figure 27.

The pre-forming device of stating this embodiment of such formation in the use be shaped rough 10 o'clock; At first shown in Figure 24 (a); Make drift 20 keep the part p1 that becomes the 1st pin portion of bar-shaped blank 1; And with an end insert end confining part 60 and be not constrained to can extend vertically, hole enlargement, punch die 21,21 is kept and the adjacent part that becomes collar j01, j12 of part p1 that becomes the 1st pin portion, shown in Figure 24 (b); Dish 23 is descended, and preform becomes the 1st pin portion and the part p1, w10, the w12 that are positioned at the crank arm of its both sides.At this moment, for being formed thinner wall section T, part w10, the w12 axial pressure that becomes the crank arm utilize

cam mechanism

26,28 to make two punch dies 21,21 be set to identical with respect to the amount that drift 20 closely moves vertically.The material of another the distolateral part w12 that becomes the crank arm that is positioned at the part p1 that becomes the 1st pin portion that is shaped thus flows vertically and produces shrinkage cavity K.

Then; Shown in Figure 25 (a); From preform become the 1st pin portion and the part p1, the w10 that are positioned at the crank arm of its both sides, w12 state blank 1 is pivoted; Make drift 20 keep becoming the part p2 of the 2nd pin portion, and make punch die 21,21 keep becoming part j12, the j23 of the collar adjacent with the 2nd pin portion.At the punch die 21 integrally formed crank arm-collar confining parts 61 of the left that is positioned at Figure 25, the part w12 of crank arm in the part of 61 constraints becoming of this crank arm-collar confining part the crank arm w10 adjacent, w12, that become the 2nd pin portion side and become the part j12 with the continuous collar of this crank arm with the 1st pin portion.And, under this state, the punch die 21 of the left of figure (side), compare with the punch die 21 of right-hand (opposite side) on the extended line of drift 20 (L1＞L2).Then, shown in Figure 25 (b), dish 23 is descended, preform becomes the 2nd pin portion and the part p2, w21, the w23 that are positioned at the crank arm of its both sides.At this moment, two punch dies 21,21 move to vertically with respect to drift 20 and are identical distance.That is, the axial internal clearance L1 of the punch die 21 of left is greater than the axial internal clearance L2 of right-hand punch die 21 (L1＞L2).Therefore; Shown in Figure 25 (c); The material of part w21 that becomes crank arm among the part w21, w23 of the crank arm adjacent with the 2nd pin portion, that become the 1st pin portion side is repaired the shrinkage cavity K that produces at the part w12 that becomes another the distolateral crank arm that is positioned at the 1st pin to the part p1 side flow that becomes the 1st pin portion.The material that becomes the part w23 that the crank arm among the part w21, w23 of the crank arm adjacent with the 2nd pin portion, the other end side produces shrinkage cavity K to the other end side flow at the part w23 that is becoming another the distolateral crank arm that is positioned at the 2nd pin.

Then; Shown in Figure 26 (a); With preform become the 1st pin portion and the 2nd pin portion and the part p1 that is positioned at the crank arm of its both sides, w10, w12, p2, w21, w23 part p3 blank 1, that become the 3rd pin portion remain in drift 20, and part j23, the j34 that will become the collar adjacent with the 3rd pin portion remain in punch die 21,21.Punch die 21 at the left that is positioned at figure is formed with crank arm-collar confining part 61, the part w23 of crank arm among the part w21 of this crank arm-collar confining part 61 constraints becoming crank arm adjacent, the w23, that become the 3rd pin portion side with the 2nd pin portion and with the continuous collar j23 of this crank arm.And under this state, the punch die 21 of the left of figure (side) is compared on the extended line of drift 20 (L1＞L2) with the punch die 21 of right-hand (opposite side).Then, shown in Figure 26 (b), dish 23 is descended, preform becomes the 3rd pin portion and the part p3, w32, the w34 that are positioned at the crank arm of its both sides.At this moment, two punch dies 21,21 move to vertically with respect to drift 20 and are identical distance.That is, the axial internal clearance L1 of the punch die 21 of left is greater than the axial internal clearance L2 of right-hand punch die 21 (L1＞L2).Therefore; Shown in Figure 26 (c); The material of part w32 that becomes crank arm among the part w32, w34 of the crank arm adjacent with the 3rd pin portion, that become the 2nd pin portion side is repaired the shrinkage cavity K that produces at the part w23 that becomes another the distolateral crank arm that is positioned at the 2nd pin to the part p2 side flow that becomes the 2nd pin portion.The material that becomes the part w34 that the crank arm among the part w32, w34 of the crank arm adjacent with the 3rd pin portion, the other end side produces shrinkage cavity K to the other end side flow at the part w34 that is becoming another the distolateral crank arm that is positioned at the 3rd pin.

Thereafter; Shown in Figure 27 (a); With preform become the 1st pin portion, the 2nd pin portion and the 3rd pin portion and be positioned at part p1, w10, w12, p2, w21, w23, p3, the w34 of the crank arm of its both sides, the blank 1 of w34 pivots; Make drift 40 keep the part p4 of the 4th pin portion that becomes, and with the other end insert end confining part 60 and it is not constrained to can extend vertically, hole enlargement, make punch die 21,21 keep becoming part j34, the j45 of the collar adjacent with the 4th pin portion.And under this state, the punch die 21 of the left of figure (side) is compared on the extended line of drift 20 (L1＞L2) with the punch die 21 of right-hand (opposite side).Then, shown in Figure 27 (b), dish 23 is descended, preform becomes the 4th pin portion and the part p4, w43, the w45 that are positioned at the crank arm of its both sides.At this moment, two punch dies 21,21 move to vertically with respect to drift 20 and are identical distance.That is, the axial internal clearance L1 of the punch die 21 of left is greater than the axial internal clearance L2 of right-hand punch die 21 (L1＞L2).Therefore; Shown in Figure 27 (c); The material of part w43 that becomes crank arm among the part w43, w45 of the crank arm adjacent with the 4th pin portion, that become the 3rd pin portion side is repaired the shrinkage cavity K that produces at the part w34 that becomes another the distolateral crank arm that is positioned at the 3rd pin to the part p3 side flow that becomes the 3rd pin portion.Relative therewith; Become the material of the part w45 that the crank arm among the part w43, w45 of the crank arm adjacent, the other end side with the 4th pin portion; Owing to retraining the other end side by end restraint member 60, therefore can be to the other end side flow, thus can not produce shrinkage cavity K.

Utilize possibility on the industry

The invention is not restricted to above-mentioned record, also go for internal combustion engine or the internal combustion engine employed bent axle of other machines in addition making the internal-combustion engine with multi-cylinders beyond single-cylinder or 4 cylinders and have a plurality of number of cylinders beyond the series connection.In addition, preform operation and fine finishining shaping operation can be carried out with the hot-working or the cold working of predetermined temperature as required.

Claims

1. the manufacturing approach of a bent axle is made bent axle, and this bent axle has: become the collar of rotary middle spindle, from eccentric pin portion of this collar and the crank arm that between said collar and pin portion, extends, the method is characterized in that, comprising:

The preform operation, rough of the part that to be formed with to become pin portion and crank arm that the blank bending machining is shaped; With

Fine finishining shaping operation, to this rough pressurization vertically, it is become the partially-formed of crank arm is predetermined thickness,

In said preform operation, form thinner wall section rough the part that becomes the crank arm.

2. the manufacturing approach of bent axle according to claim 1 is characterized in that,

In said preform operation, through the part that becomes crank arm is formed said thinner wall section along its orthogonal direction pressurization.

3. the manufacturing approach of bent axle according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that,

In said preform operation, to the part that becomes pin portion of blank along the pressurization of axle orthogonal direction, and so that this axial location that becomes the part of pin portion and the part that becomes collar that is adjacent each other near mode pressurize vertically.

4. the manufacturing approach of bent axle according to claim 3 is characterized in that,

In said preform operation, at first begin the part that becomes pin portion of blank along the pressurization of axle orthogonal direction, thereafter, beginning so that this axial location that becomes the part of pin portion and the part that becomes collar that is adjacent each other near mode pressurize vertically.

5. according to the manufacturing approach of claim 3 or 4 described bent axles, it is characterized in that,

In said preform operation, be accompanied by the part that becomes pin portion of blank along the pressurization of axle orthogonal direction so that this axial location that becomes the part of pin portion and the part that becomes collar that is adjacent each other near mode pressurize vertically.

6. according to the manufacturing approach of claim 3 or 4 described bent axles, it is characterized in that,

In the preform operation; With the driving mechanism that can independently control, carry out respectively to the part that becomes pin portion of blank along the pressurization of axle orthogonal direction and make this become the part of pin portion and the axial location of the part that becomes collar that is adjacent each other near pressurization vertically.

7. according to the manufacturing approach of each the described bent axle in the claim 1～6, it is characterized in that,

Be machined under the situation of bent axle shaping oilhole in usefulness, in said preform operation, in the partially-formed preparatory hole that is used for said machining of offering oilhole.

8. according to the manufacturing approach of each the described bent axle in the claim 1～7, it is characterized in that,

Manufacturing have a plurality of pin portion, a plurality of pin portion from collar under the situation of the eccentric bent axle of same direction,

In said preform operation, by becoming the identical pin portion of the direction eccentric and each part of crank arm, carry out bending machining successively and be shaped rough with respect to collar,

Thereafter, in said fine finishining shaping operation, become the identical pin portion of the direction eccentric with respect to collar and the part of crank arm by each, it is predetermined thickness that rough pressurization vertically become the partially-formed of crank arm with it.

9. according to the manufacturing approach of each the described bent axle in the claim 3～8, it is characterized in that,

Have in manufacturing under the situation of bent axle of a plurality of pin portion,

In said preform operation, carry out bending machining successively and form the part that each becomes pin portion and crank arm to the other end from an end of blank,

When the part of pin portion that becomes that forms an end and crank arm, an end of constraint blank,

Form pars intermedia become the part of a pin portion and crank arm the time; The part that becomes the crank arm in the constraint part that becomes the crank arm that has formed adjacent, the other end side with becoming the part of a pin portion and crank arm and with the continuous collar of this crank arm; So that the part that becomes the crank arm that becomes the end side in the part of a crank arm is pressurizeed near the mode of length more than the part that becomes the crank arm of the other end side vertically

When the part of pin portion that becomes that forms the other end and crank arm; The part that becomes the crank arm of the other end side in the other end of constraint blank, the part that becomes the crank arm that has formed adjacent with the part of the pin portion that becomes of this end and crank arm and become the part with the continuous collar of this crank arm is so that the part that becomes the crank arm of the end side in the part that becomes the crank arm of end is pressurizeed near the mode of length more than the part that becomes the crank arm of the other end side vertically.

10. according to Claim 8 or the manufacturing approach of 9 described bent axles, it is characterized in that,

At said finishing step,, pressurizeed towards central authorities vertically in rough two ends being positioned under rough the state of the partial fixing that becomes collar of central authorities.

11. the manufacturing installation of a bent axle is made bent axle, this bent axle has the collar that becomes rotary middle spindle, from eccentric pin portion of this collar and the crank arm that between said collar and pin portion, extends, and this device is characterised in that, comprising:

Pre-forming device, rough of the part that to be formed with to become pin portion and crank arm that the blank bending machining is shaped; With

Fine finishining shaping device, to this rough pressurization vertically, it is become the partially-formed of crank arm is predetermined thickness,

Said pre-forming device, drift and the punch die of controlling the part that becomes collar with the part that becomes pin portion of controlling blank,

Said drift and punch die have the teat that is used for forming in the part that becomes the crank arm of blank thinner wall section.

12. the manufacturing installation of bent axle according to claim 11 is characterized in that,

Said teat pressurizes along its orthogonal direction to the part that becomes crank arm, forms said thinner wall section thus.

13. the manufacturing installation according to claim 11 or 12 described bent axles is characterized in that,

Said pre-forming device comprises: make said drift along blank the axle orthogonal direction move the axle orthogonal direction driving mechanism and to said punch die axial pressure so that its axial actuating mechanism near said drift.

14. the manufacturing installation of bent axle according to claim 13 is characterized in that,

Said pre-forming device constitutes: at first begin an orthogonal direction driving mechanism part that becomes pin portion of blank is pressurizeed along the axle orthogonal direction; Thereafter, the beginning axial actuating mechanism so that the axial location of part that becomes pin portion and the part that becomes collar that is adjacent each other near mode carry out axial pressure.

15. the manufacturing installation according to claim 13 or 14 described bent axles is characterized in that,

Make said punch die and drift, tilt with the position of the part butt that becomes the crank arm of blank, so that the material of blank is along its Radial Flow.

16. the manufacturing installation according to each the described bent axle in the claim 13～15 is characterized in that,

Said pre-forming device is constituted as: be accompanied by with said axle orthogonal direction driving mechanism said drift is moved along the axle orthogonal direction of blank, said punch die is pressurizeed said axial actuating mechanism vertically so that it is near said drift.

17. the manufacturing installation according to each the described bent axle in the claim 13～15 is characterized in that,

Said pre-forming device is made up of said axle orthogonal direction driving mechanism and the axial actuating mechanism that can independently control.

18. the manufacturing installation according to each the described bent axle in the claim 11～17 is characterized in that,

Have at bent axle under the situation of the oilhole that is shaped with machining,

The drift of said pre-forming device and punch die have the projection that is used for being used in the position shaping corresponding with the part of offering oilhole the preparatory hole of said machining.

19. the manufacturing installation according to each the described bent axle in the claim 11～18 is characterized in that,

Said pre-forming device becomes the identical pin portion of the direction eccentric with respect to collar and the part of crank arm is carried out bending machining successively and is shaped rough by each,

Said fine finishining shaping device by each of identical pin portion of the direction eccentric with respect to collar and crank arm, partially-formed is predetermined thickness to rough pressurization vertically with what it became the crank arm.

20. the manufacturing installation according to each the described bent axle in the claim 13～18 is characterized in that,

Said pre-forming device carries out bending machining successively and forms the part that each becomes pin portion and crank arm to the other end from an end of blank,

Said pre-forming device comprises: the end restraint member, and it retrains an end of blank when the part of pin portion that becomes that forms an end or the other end and crank arm; And

Crank arm-collar confining part; The part that becomes the crank arm of the other end side in its constraint part that becomes the crank arm that has formed adjacent and become the part with the continuous collar of this crank arm with becoming the part of a pin portion and crank arm

Said axial actuating mechanism constitutes: so that the part that becomes the crank arm that becomes the end side in the part of crank arm is pressurizeed near the mode of length more than the part that becomes the crank arm of the other end side vertically.

21. the manufacturing installation according to claim 19 or 20 described bent axles is characterized in that,

Said precise machining device comprises: axis of centres cervical fixation mechanism and the axial pressure mechanism of being pressurizeed towards central authorities vertically in rough two ends of the partial fixing that becomes collar that will be positioned at rough central authorities.