CN102545796B - Traveling wave tube linearizer - Google Patents
Traveling wave tube linearizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN102545796B CN102545796B CN201210033598.5A CN201210033598A CN102545796B CN 102545796 B CN102545796 B CN 102545796B CN 201210033598 A CN201210033598 A CN 201210033598A CN 102545796 B CN102545796 B CN 102545796B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a traveling wave tube linearizer, which comprises a first hybrid junction, a second hybrid junction, a linear branch and a nonlinear branch. A radio frequency input signal is divided into two paths by the first hybrid junction, and the two paths are recorded as a first branch of signals and a second branch of signals. The first and second branches of signals are input into the linear branch and the nonlinear branch respectively. Output signals of the linear branch and the nonlinear branch are coupled into a radio frequency output signal by the second hybrid junction. The traveling wave tube linearizer has a simple structure; and the curve of the linearizer can be regulated by regulating amplitude expansion, phase expansion and the waveform of a nonlinear generator, and then the linearizer is matched with the characteristics of different traveling wave tube power amplifiers to linearize the different traveling wave tube power amplifiers, so that the problems of nonlinear differences among different traveling wave tubes are solved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to power amplifier techniques field, be specifically related to a kind of traveling wave tube linearizer.
Technical background
Along with mobile communication technology develops rapidly, wireless communication frequency band becomes more and more crowded, frequency spectrum resource is more and more nervous, in order to hold more communication channel in limited spectral range, there has been proposed the modulation system (M-QAM etc.) of some broadband digital transmission technology (OFDM, WCDMA etc.) and high spectrum utilization.The signal that these technology are transmitted is adopted to have the features such as non-constant-envelope, broadband and high peak-to-average ratio, by in generating strap and out-of-band distortion after modulation signal is by nonlinear power amplifier, output signal spectrum is caused to be expanded, out-of-band distortion signal disturbing adjacent channel, inband distortion signal increases the communication system error rate.In order to ensure the quality communicated, the linearity of Modern Communication System radio frequency power amplifier proposes very high requirement, requires that power amplifier has the good linearity, higher efficiency and higher power output.In order to ensure above index simultaneously, except adopting high efficiency power amplifier structure, the application of power amplifier linearization technology also becomes inevitable.Power amplifier linearization technology is one of key technology becoming Next-Generation Wireless Communication Systems.In Modern Communication System, travelling wave tube power amplifier is widely used, due to the reason of technique, especially domestic travelling wave tube, nonlinear characteristic between travelling wave tube from travelling wave tube is different, and way needs to carry out different linearizer customizations for different travelling wave tube is non-linear routinely, and cost is very high, therefore be necessary to design a kind of adjustable linearizer, to be applicable to the linearisation of the travelling wave tube of different qualities.
Conventional power amplifier linearization technology has Power back, feed forward approach, negative feedback method and pre-distortion technology etc.Power back is traditional and a kind of effective method, but the rollback of working point reduces the power utilization efficiency of power amplifier and causes very high heat dissipation; Feed forward approach can obtain good effect in wider bandwidth, is a kind of linearization technique of current comparative maturity, but its shortcoming to be efficiency low and system complex; Negative feedback method exchanges the linearity for gain, and its narrow bandwidth and stability problem limit its application; Pre-distortion technology is divided into again analog predistortion technology and digital pre-distortion technology, digital pre-distortion technology has stable, efficient, the advantage such as wide bandwidth and self adaptation, moderate linearisation can be reached, but the occasion that input and output are all radiofrequency signal can not be applied to.Analog predistortion especially radio frequency analog pre-distortion linearizer has that volume is little, cost is low, circuit realiration is simple, in advantages such as microwave and millimeter wave frequency range absolute bandwidth are large, and can obtain suitable linearisation effect.
Chinese invention patent CN101567667A discloses a kind of enhancement type analog predistortion linear power amplifier, but described analog predistortion linear power amplifier is used in WCDMA mobile communication, and frequency range is lower, can not be used for Ku wave band.Chinese invention patent CN1396707A discloses the distortion compensating method of a kind of predistortion linearizer and predistortion, program and medium, but described predistortion linearizer steps on lower frequency range for the communication base station of the mobile unit of portable phone, can not be used for the Ku frequency range that frequency is higher.Chinese invention patent CN101807886A discloses a kind of radio frequency power amplifying device and analog predistortion correction method thereof.Described analog predistortion correction method is based on the lower occasion of G mobile communication equifrequent, can not be used for the application of Ku wave band.And for the above pre-distortion linearizer, most of circuit structure more complicated, is unfavorable for miniaturization and the low-cost design of linearisation radio-frequency (RF) power amplification.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is, in order to solve existing predistortion linear power amplifier complex structure and linearizing problem can not be carried out to the travelling-wave tube amplifier of different qualities, to propose a kind of traveling wave tube linearizer.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of traveling wave tube linearizer, comprise: the first hybrid junction, the second hybrid junction, linear branch and non-linear branch, radio-frequency input signals is divided into two-way through the first hybrid junction, be designated as the first tributary signal and the second tributary signal, first tributary signal and the second tributary signal are input to described linear branch and non-linear branch respectively, and the output signal of linear branch and non-linear branch is coupled into radio frequency output signal through the second hybrid junction.
Described linear branch comprises the first attenuator, the first group delay unit and the first phase shifter, first tributary signal is successively through the first attenuator, the first group delay unit and the first phase shifter, wherein, first attenuator is used for the amplitude of conditioning signal, first group delay unit is used for the time delay of conditioning signal, and the first phase shifter is used for the phase place of conditioning signal;
Described non-linear branch comprises the first nonlinear generator, the second group delay unit and the second phase shifter, second tributary signal is successively through the first nonlinear generator, the second group delay unit and the second phase shifter, wherein, first nonlinear generator is provided for the second tributary signal and produces gain compression and phase-compression, produces nonlinear distortion signal; Second group delay unit is for regulating the time delay of the nonlinear distortion signal of generation; Second phase shifter is for regulating the phase place of the signal after the second group delay unit.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the structure of traveling wave tube linearizer of the present invention is simple, can be expanded by adjusting range, phase place expansion and the waveform of nonlinear generator, the curve of adjustment linearizer, linearizer is matched the characteristic of different travelling wave tube power amplifiers, be used for the different travelling-wave tube amplifier of linearisation, solve the problem of the non-linear difference between different rows wave duct, with adjustable traveling wave tube linearizer, linearisation is carried out to different travelling-wave tube amplifiers, reduce costs, accelerate debugging and produce the tune phase.The invention provides that a kind of circuit structure is simple, volume is little, be applicable to the analog predistortion linear device of the upper frequency application scenarios such as Ku wave band.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of traveling wave tube linearizer of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the first nonlinear generator in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is another structural representation of the first nonlinear generator in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of phase shifter in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is attenuator structure schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is another structural representation of attenuator in the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, the invention will be further elaborated.
The structural representation of traveling wave tube linearizer of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, comprise: the first hybrid junction, the second hybrid junction, linear branch and non-linear branch, radio-frequency input signals is divided into two-way through the first hybrid junction, be designated as the first tributary signal and the second tributary signal, first tributary signal and the second tributary signal are input to described linear branch and non-linear branch respectively, and linear branch becomes radio frequency output signal with the output signal of non-linear branch through the second hybrid junction Vecter cotpling.
Here, described linear branch comprises the first attenuator, the first group delay unit and the first phase shifter, first tributary signal is successively through the first attenuator, the first group delay unit and the first phase shifter, wherein, first attenuator is used for the amplitude of conditioning signal, first group delay unit is used for the time delay of conditioning signal, and the first phase shifter is used for the phase place of conditioning signal;
Here, described non-linear branch comprises the first nonlinear generator, the second group delay unit and the second phase shifter, second tributary signal is successively through the first nonlinear generator, the second group delay unit and the second phase shifter, wherein, first nonlinear generator is provided for the second tributary signal and produces gain compression and phase-compression, produces nonlinear distortion signal; Second group delay unit is for regulating the time delay of the nonlinear distortion signal of generation; Second phase shifter is for regulating the phase place of the signal after the second group delay unit.
By the amplitude of the first attenuator linear adjustment branch road, thus the amplitude difference of linear adjustment branch road and non-linear branch, thus reach the effect of amplitude expansion and the phase place expansion regulating whole linearizer output characteristic curve.
By the time delay matching degree of the first group delay unit and the second group delay unit linear adjustment branch road and non-linear branch.
By regulating the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter, the phase shift of linear adjustment branch road and non-linear branch, linear branch and non-linear branch can be made to reach Optimum Matching, can the amplitude expansion of the whole traveling wave tube linearizer output characteristic curve of anti-phase adjustment and phase place expand simultaneously.
By regulating the first DC feedback unit (when adopting scheme as shown in Figure 2) in the first nonlinear generator, or by the second DC feedback unit (when adopting scheme as shown in Figure 3) in adjustment first nonlinear generator, the non-linear point of adjustment nonlinear generator, regulates the waveform of nonlinear generator.
Here, the first hybrid junction and the second hybrid junction are 3dB hybrid junction, can use branch line electric bridge, also can replace with Wilkinson power splitter.
Here, first nonlinear generator as shown in Figure 2, described first nonlinear generator is by the first microstrip line unit, second microstrip line unit, 3rd microstrip line unit, first DC feedback unit and the first Schottky diode composition, described first microstrip line unit and the second microstrip line unit cascaded, described first DC feedback unit is also connected on described first microstrip line unit, described 3rd microstrip line unit is also connected in the middle of described first microstrip line unit and described second microstrip line unit, described first Schottky diode and described 3rd microstrip line unit cascaded, the other end ground connection of the first Schottky diode.
Schottky diode can be single tube, also can be two-tube, two-tube connected mode can be in the same way, also can be reverse.
First nonlinear generator also can be made up of three-dB coupler and two Schottky diodes, as shown in Figure 3.Described first nonlinear generator is by the 4th microstrip line unit, 5th microstrip line unit, first three-dB coupler, second Schottky diode, 3rd Schottky diode, second DC feedback unit composition, described 4th microstrip line unit is connected with the input of the first three-dB coupler, described 5th microstrip line unit is connected with the isolation end of the first three-dB coupler, described second Schottky diode is connected with the other two ends of the first three-dB coupler respectively with the 3rd Schottky diode, the other end ground connection of the second Schottky diode and the 3rd Schottky diode, described second DC feedback unit is also connected on the 4th microstrip line unit.
In non-linear branch, the second tributary signal is first by the first nonlinear generator, and due to the characteristic of Schottky diode, along with the increase of signal power, its gain and phase shift diminish, and produces gain compression and phase-compression, namely produces non-linear.
Here, the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter adopt the HMC247 of HITTITE company.
First phase shifter and the second phase shifter also can be built by variable capacitance diode, as shown in Figure 4.Described first phase shifter is compared with nonlinear generator as shown in Figure 3 with the schematic diagram of the second phase shifter, and except changing into except variable capacitance diode by Schottky diode, other element is identical with annexation.
Be specially: described phase shifter is by the 6th microstrip line unit, 7th microstrip line unit, second three-dB coupler, first variable capacitance diode, second variable capacitance diode, 3rd DC feedback unit composition, described 6th microstrip line unit is connected with the input of the second three-dB coupler, described 7th microstrip line unit is connected with the isolation end of the second three-dB coupler, described first variable capacitance diode and the second variable capacitance diode are connected with the other two ends of the second three-dB coupler respectively, the other end ground connection of the first variable capacitance diode and the second variable capacitance diode, described 3rd DC feedback unit is also connected on the 6th microstrip line unit.
Here, first attenuator is built by single PIN diode, and as shown in Figure 5, the schematic diagram of described first attenuator is compared with nonlinear generator as shown in Figure 2, except changing into except PIN diode by Schottky diode, other element is identical with annexation.
Be specially: described first attenuator is made up of the 8th microstrip line unit, the 9th microstrip line unit, the tenth microstrip line unit, the 4th DC feedback unit and the first PIN diode, described 8th microstrip line unit and the 9th microstrip line unit cascaded, described 4th DC feedback unit is also connected on described 8th microstrip line unit, described tenth microstrip line unit is also connected in the middle of described 8th microstrip line unit and described 9th microstrip line unit, described first PIN diode and described tenth microstrip line unit cascaded, the other end ground connection of the first PIN diode.
First attenuator also can be made up of three-dB coupler and two PIN diode, as shown in Figure 6.The schematic diagram of described first attenuator is compared with nonlinear generator as shown in Figure 3, and except changing into except PIN diode by Schottky diode, other element is identical with annexation.
Be specially: described first attenuator is by the 11 microstrip line unit, 12 microstrip line unit, 3rd three-dB coupler, second PIN diode, 3rd PIN diode, 5th DC feedback unit composition, described 11 microstrip line unit is connected with the input of the 3rd three-dB coupler, described 12 microstrip line unit is connected with the isolation end of the 3rd three-dB coupler, described second PIN diode is connected with the other two ends of the 3rd three-dB coupler respectively with the 3rd PIN diode, the other end ground connection of the second PIN diode and the 3rd PIN diode, described 5th DC feedback unit is also connected on the 11 microstrip line unit.
First phase shifter and the second phase shifter adopt similar structure, first attenuator and the first nonlinear generator adopt similar structure, such linear branch and non-linear branch form symmetrical structure, pass through symmetrical structure, signal experiences similar time delay, by the first phase shifter and the second phase shifter, form the differential phase shifter of linear branch and non-linear branch, expand phase-adjusted scope; First nonlinear generator is adjustable nonlinear generator, can regulate the Nonlinear Characteristic Curve of nonlinear generator, and traditional linearizer can not regulate the shape of nonlinear curve.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that, embodiment described here is to help reader understanding's principle of the present invention, should be understood to that protection scope of the present invention is not limited to so special statement and embodiment.Those of ordinary skill in the art can make various other various concrete distortion and combination of not departing from essence of the present invention according to these technology enlightenment disclosed by the invention, and these distortion and combination are still in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a traveling wave tube linearizer, it is characterized in that, comprise: the first hybrid junction, the second hybrid junction, linear branch and non-linear branch, radio-frequency input signals is divided into two-way through the first hybrid junction, be designated as the first tributary signal and the second tributary signal, first tributary signal and the second tributary signal are input to described linear branch and non-linear branch respectively, and the output signal of linear branch and non-linear branch is coupled into radio frequency output signal through the second hybrid junction;
Described linear branch comprises the first attenuator, the first group delay unit and the first phase shifter, first tributary signal is successively through the first attenuator, the first group delay unit and the first phase shifter, wherein, first attenuator is used for the amplitude of conditioning signal, first group delay unit is used for the time delay of conditioning signal, and the first phase shifter is used for the phase place of conditioning signal;
Described non-linear branch comprises the first nonlinear generator, the second group delay unit and the second phase shifter, second tributary signal is successively through the first nonlinear generator, the second group delay unit and the second phase shifter, wherein, first nonlinear generator is provided for the second tributary signal and produces gain compression and phase-compression, produces nonlinear distortion signal; Second group delay unit is for regulating the time delay of the nonlinear distortion signal of generation; Second phase shifter is for regulating the phase place of the signal after the second group delay unit;
Described first nonlinear generator is made up of the first microstrip line unit, the second microstrip line unit, the 3rd microstrip line unit, the first DC feedback unit and the first Schottky diode, described first microstrip line unit and the second microstrip line unit cascaded, described first DC feedback unit is also connected on described first microstrip line unit, described 3rd microstrip line unit is also connected in the middle of described first microstrip line unit and described second microstrip line unit, described first Schottky diode and described 3rd microstrip line unit cascaded, the other end ground connection of the first Schottky diode;
Or,
Described first nonlinear generator is by the 4th microstrip line unit, 5th microstrip line unit, first three-dB coupler, second Schottky diode, 3rd Schottky diode, second DC feedback unit composition, described 4th microstrip line unit is connected with the input of the first three-dB coupler, described 5th microstrip line unit is connected with the isolation end of the first three-dB coupler, described second Schottky diode is connected with the other two ends of the first three-dB coupler respectively with the 3rd Schottky diode, the other end ground connection of the second Schottky diode and the 3rd Schottky diode, described second DC feedback unit is also connected on the 4th microstrip line unit.
2. traveling wave tube linearizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described first phase shifter is by the 6th microstrip line unit, 7th microstrip line unit, second three-dB coupler, first variable capacitance diode, second variable capacitance diode, 3rd DC feedback unit composition, described 6th microstrip line unit is connected with the input of the second three-dB coupler, described 7th microstrip line unit is connected with the isolation end of the second three-dB coupler, described first variable capacitance diode and the second variable capacitance diode are connected with the other two ends of the second three-dB coupler respectively, the other end ground connection of the first variable capacitance diode and the second variable capacitance diode, described 3rd DC feedback unit is also connected on the 6th microstrip line unit, the structure of described second phase shifter is identical with the structure of the first phase shifter.
3. traveling wave tube linearizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described first attenuator is by the 8th microstrip line unit, 9th microstrip line unit, tenth microstrip line unit, 4th DC feedback unit and the first PIN diode composition, described 8th microstrip line unit and the 9th microstrip line unit cascaded, described 4th DC feedback unit is also connected on described 8th microstrip line unit, described tenth microstrip line unit is also connected in the middle of described 8th microstrip line unit and described 9th microstrip line unit, described first PIN diode and described tenth microstrip line unit cascaded, the other end ground connection of the first PIN diode.
4. traveling wave tube linearizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described first attenuator is by the 11 microstrip line unit, 12 microstrip line unit, 3rd three-dB coupler, second PIN diode, 3rd PIN diode, 5th DC feedback unit composition, described 11 microstrip line unit is connected with the input of the 3rd three-dB coupler, described 12 microstrip line unit is connected with the isolation end of the 3rd three-dB coupler, described second PIN diode is connected with the other two ends of the 3rd three-dB coupler respectively with the 3rd PIN diode, the other end ground connection of the second PIN diode and the 3rd PIN diode, described 5th DC feedback unit is also connected on the 11 microstrip line unit.
5. traveling wave tube linearizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described first Schottky diode is single tube or two-tube.
6. traveling wave tube linearizer according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described two-tube connected mode is in the same way or oppositely.
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103414435B (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2016-03-09 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 | Millimeter wave power amplifier predistortion linearizer |
| CN105897191A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-08-24 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Predistortion linearizer and application of the predistortion linearizer |
| CN109150118A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2019-01-04 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of linearizer for travelling-wave tubes power amplifier pre-distortion |
| CN109391237A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-02-26 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | Linearizer and its adjusting method for travelling-wave tubes power amplifier pre-distortion |
| CN109740225B (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2022-02-08 | 电子科技大学 | Method for calculating and evaluating broadband traveling wave tube |
| CN112019181B (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2023-03-28 | 中国人民解放军战略支援部队信息工程大学 | Design method of extremely-high-frequency broadband linearizer |
| CN112054978A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2020-12-08 | 超讯通信股份有限公司 | Double-branch analog predistortion system |
| CN113114124A (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2021-07-13 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十二研究所 | Broadband adjustable linearizer of space traveling wave tube |
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| CN201860298U (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2011-06-08 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | Linear channel amplifier |
| CN201893314U (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2011-07-06 | 安徽华东光电技术研究所 | Composite coupling cavity travelling wave tube pole shoe structure |
| CN202435344U (en) * | 2012-02-15 | 2012-09-12 | 电子科技大学 | Travelling wave tube linearizer |
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| FR2911019B1 (en) * | 2006-12-28 | 2009-03-06 | Alcatel Lucent Sa | AMPLITUDE AND GALBE PRE-DISTORTION LINEARIZATION DEVICE ADJUSTABLE |
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Patent Citations (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201893314U (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2011-07-06 | 安徽华东光电技术研究所 | Composite coupling cavity travelling wave tube pole shoe structure |
| CN201860298U (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2011-06-08 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | Linear channel amplifier |
| CN202435344U (en) * | 2012-02-15 | 2012-09-12 | 电子科技大学 | Travelling wave tube linearizer |
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