CN102545519A - Alternating-current continuous-torque permanent-magnet switched reluctance motor and excitation control method thereof - Google Patents

Alternating-current continuous-torque permanent-magnet switched reluctance motor and excitation control method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102545519A
CN102545519A CN2011104562841A CN201110456284A CN102545519A CN 102545519 A CN102545519 A CN 102545519A CN 2011104562841 A CN2011104562841 A CN 2011104562841A CN 201110456284 A CN201110456284 A CN 201110456284A CN 102545519 A CN102545519 A CN 102545519A
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salient pole
stator
permanent magnetism
rotor
magnetic
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CN102545519B (en
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戴珊珊
陆晓峰
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Nanjing Yiti Technology Co ltd
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Individual
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Abstract

The invention relates to an alternating-current continuous-torque permanent-magnet switched reluctance motor and an excitation control method thereof. Excitation salient pole pairs on a stator of the motor and permanent-magnet salient pole pairs on a rotor of the motor both take a rotation shaft as a symmetric shaft and are arranged annularly and symmetrically in balance, each excitation salient pole pair are mutually in a magnetic isolation state, salient poles of the adjacent permanent-magnet salient pole pairs are opposite in magnetic poles, when the rotor rotates, the salient poles of the permanent-magnet salient pairs and the salient poles of the excitation salient pole pairs are in strict alignment in sequence, a shortest closed magnetic circuit is formed between the permanent-magnet salient pair and the excitation salient pole pair which are in strict alignment, the magnetic torque acting force between the permanent-magnet salient pair and the excitation salient pole pair which are in strict alignment is eliminated, and the magnetic torque acting force exist between the rest permanent-magnet salient pairs and the rest excitation salient pole pairs. The excitation control method disclosed by the invention is characterized in that once the strict alignment appears, the excitation current direction of the excitation salient pole pairs is changed, so that the magnetic torque acting force is renewably formed from the excitation salient pole pairs to the permanent magnet salient pairs; and the judgment on the strict alignment is realized by position sensors arranged on the stator and the rotor.

Description

Exchange continuous torque permanent-magnetic switching reluctance motor and excited control method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to the switched reluctance motor technical field, relate in particular to a kind of interchange continuous torque permanent-magnetic switching reluctance motor and excited control method thereof.
Background technology
The conventional switch reluctance motor is the rotor with salient pole that is made up of motor laminated core; And motor stator still adopts magnet exciting coil to become salient pole with the laminated core structure; Input stimulus electric current in magnet exciting coil; On stator core, then generate magnetic pole, this pole pair of inducting is arranged on epitrochanterian salient pole and forms magnetic torque.When pressing certain sequential, to being the stator exciting coil input stimulus electric current of circle distribution, stator is inducted magnetic pole also successively to permanent magnet formation magnetic torque on the rotor, and then the promotion rotor rotates to a fixed-direction successively.This type of switched reluctance motor is controlled by phase sequence; So salient pole forms magnetic torque on the pole pair rotor to have only a pair of stator to induct in each action cycle; Meanwhile, other magnetic pole of inducting of stator does not present magnetic polarity, can not produce magnetic torque to salient pole on the rotor yet; Therefore rotor with salient pole and the stator torque of magnetic force of inducting between the magnetic pole is that pulsating is discontinuous, and the utilization rate of equipment and installations of this type of switched reluctance motor is lower.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to follow this basic principle of biconvex pole switching reluctance motor " magnetic resistance is minimum "; " permanent magnet salient pole to " is set on the rotor and is provided with on stator that magnetic each other isolates " field excitation salient pole is right; to shorten the closed magnetic circuit between excitation stator salient poles and the rotor permanent magnetism salient pole and to eliminate interference and the raising electromagnetic conversion efficient of excitation between mutually is design object, to the carrying out of traditional double salient pole switched reluctance motor brand-new design rationally and effectively.
Another object of the present invention is to be directed against the new structure permanent-magnetic switching reluctance motor that is provided; Adopt brand-new excited control method; Make in this permanent-magnetic switching reluctance motor operation process; Having remained a more than phase stator excitation salient pole pair has the magnetic torque active state with rotor permanent magnetism salient pole to being in each other, thereby obtains bigger efficiency ratio and continuous torque.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose; Technical scheme of the present invention is, this exchanges continuous torque permanent-magnetic switching reluctance motor, and its formation includes stator, rotor, motor field frame; It is characterized in that: said stator by some field excitation salient poles to constituting; Field excitation salient pole is provided with along the concentric ring-shaped symmetrical equilibrium being symmetry axis with the motor rotation axis, each field excitation salient pole between be the magnetic isolation each other; Said rotor by some permanent magnetism salient poles to constituting; The permanent magnetism salient pole is provided with along the concentric ring-shaped symmetrical equilibrium being symmetry axis with the motor rotation axis, and the right magnet limbs property of adjacent permanent magnetism salient pole is different; On the rotor on the right salient pole axial width of permanent magnetism salient pole and the stator the right salient pole axial width of field excitation salient pole identical; And in rotor when rotation, overlapped the facade perpendicular to rotation axis that each salient pole constituted with the stator excitation salient pole the rotation facade perpendicular to rotation axis that each salient pole forms by permanent magnetism salient pole on the rotor, and any rotor permanent magnetism salient pole can be distinguished the radial centre lines of two salient poles with any stator excitation salient pole the radial centre lines of two salient poles and overlap accordingly.
In above-mentioned interchange continuous torque permanent-magnetic switching reluctance motor technical scheme; Said field excitation salient pole is to being made up of laminated core and magnet exciting coil; Magnet exciting coil is wound in the laminated core periphery; The two end portions that laminated core stretches out magnet exciting coil forms two salient poles, and when importing same directional current in the magnet exciting coil, the magnetic polarity of these two salient poles is different; Said permanent magnetism salient pole is to being made up of two permanent magnets and a magnetic conductor, and magnetic conductor one end connects the N utmost point of a permanent magnet, and the other end of magnetic conductor connects the S utmost point of another permanent magnet, and having formed has the permanent magnetism salient pole of a S utmost point and a N utmost point right; Perhaps said permanent magnetism salient pole connects a magnetic conductor to being made up of a permanent magnet and two magnetic conductors at this permanent magnet N utmost point place, connects another magnetic conductor at this permanent magnet S utmost point place, and like this, also having formed has the permanent magnetism salient pole of a N utmost point and a S utmost point right.
In above-mentioned interchange continuous torque permanent-magnetic switching reluctance motor technical scheme; Field excitation salient pole on the said stator is 6 or 8 or 10 or 12 or 14 or 16 or 18 to quantity, with field excitation salient pole on the said stator be 4 or 6 or 8 or 10 or 12 or 14 or 16 to selecting a selected epitrochanterian one to one permanent magnetism salient pole of quantity to quantity.
In technique scheme, stator " field excitation salient pole to " and rotor " permanent magnetism salient pole to " are the most basic work done unit of motor of the present invention.Stator excitation salient pole pair and rotor permanent magnetism salient pole are to all having the different salient pole of paired magnetic polarity; The magnetic polarity of two salient poles that rotor permanent magnetism salient pole is right is changeless, and the magnetic polarity of two induced magnetism salient poles that the stator excitation salient pole is right then receives the control of the magnet exciting coil sense of current and changes.From the locus; The rotor permanent magnetism salient pole that is circumference is on all four with the stator excitation salient pole that is circumference equally to salient pole axial location and thickness to salient pole; In other words; The rotation facade of the salient pole that the facade that the right salient pole of stator excitation salient pole is positioned and rotor permanent magnetism salient pole are right overlaps, with guarantee that the stator excitation salient pole is accurately consistent to the salient pole axial location with rotor permanent magnetism salient pole to salient pole, stator salient poles and rotor with salient pole " strictness over against ".In the rotor rotation process; The right salient pole of each rotor permanent magnetism salient pole can be right with each stator excitation salient pole successively salient pole " over against "; In other words, so-called " over against " show that rotor permanent magnetism salient pole overlaps with the radial centre lines of stator excitation salient pole to salient pole the radial centre lines of salient pole.Here " radial centre lines " is meant from the motor rotation axis center of circle, passes the ray of stator excitation salient pole or rotor permanent magnetism salient pole arc section central point.Because motor of the present invention guaranteed that from structure and installation dimension the stator excitation salient pole equates salient pole radial centre lines center of circle angle with rotor permanent magnetism salient pole salient pole radial centre lines center of circle angle, thus guaranteed the right salient pole of all rotor permanent magnetism salient poles can with the right salient pole radially aligned of any stator excitation salient pole.The stator excitation salient pole to salient pole and rotor permanent magnetism salient pole to salient pole " strict over against " before; Right two the magnet limbs property of two magnet limbs property that the stator excitation salient pole is right and rotor permanent magnetism salient pole are different; Stator excitation salient pole pair and rotor permanent magnetism salient pole between have magnetic attraction; When the stator excitation salient pole is in " strict over against " position to salient pole and rotor permanent magnetism salient pole to salient pole; Only exist minimum air gap between the right salient pole of salient pole that the stator excitation salient pole is right and rotor permanent magnetism salient pole, thereby formed the shortest magnetic loop, stator excitation salient pole pair and rotor permanent magnetism salient pole are to being in the adhesive stable state; When excitation control this moment power supply makes this stator excitation salient pole of short duration to the exciting current of magnet exciting coil is zero; Change the right magnet exciting coil sense of current of this stator excitation salient pole immediately, the right magnet limbs property of this stator excitation salient pole changes immediately, and the stator excitation salient pole of " strict over against " changes over identical to the magnetic polarity of salient pole with rotor permanent magnetism salient pole to the magnetic polarity of salient pole; At this moment, this stator excitation salient pole to promptly with rotor permanent magnetism salient pole to forming repulsive force.Since in the motor of the present invention each stator excitation salient pole between be the magnetic isolation each other, so each stator excitation salient pole can independently change the magnetic polarity of its magnetic salient pole to independently receiving the excitation control of excitation control power supply.Like this; In the rotor rotation process, epitrochanterian each permanent magnetism salient pole is right to each field excitation salient pole that meeting scans also on " strict over against " stator successively, when epitrochanterian permanent magnetism salient pole to be in two stator excitation salient poles between during the position; This rotor permanent magnetism salient pole is to both receiving the right magnetic attraction of stator excitation salient pole in its direction of rotation the place ahead; I.e. " pulling force " also can receive the right magnetic repulsion of its direction of rotation rear stator excitation salient pole, i.e. " thrust " simultaneously." pulling force " here and " thrust " is the torque source of motor rotor just, and only has magnetic attraction between the stator salient poles of traditional switched reluctance motor and the rotor with salient pole, i.e. " pulling force ".In addition; In the motor of the present invention; Rotor permanent magnetism salient pole is not to only existing mutual torque power in the right salient pole of its salient pole " strict over against " stator excitation salient pole; And all the other salient poles not over against stator excitation salient pole pair and rotor permanent magnetism salient pole between all obey " the shortest principle of magnetic circuit " of switched reluctance motor; Rotor permanent magnetism salient pole be to all receiving the right magnetic attraction of its direction of rotation the place ahead stator excitation salient pole and the right magnetic repulsion of its direction of rotation rear stator excitation salient pole, promptly in motor of the present invention, keeping a more than rotor permanent magnetism salient pole all the time to receiving near the situation of stator excitation salient pole it right " draw and push away ".In addition; In the motor of the present invention; The rotor permanent magnetism salient pole pair that is in " strict over against " position and stator excitation salient pole are to only in electric current switching-over not work done of gap; As long as and rotor permanent magnetism salient pole is to departing from this " strict over against " position, promptly can receive effect and the work done of near stator excitation salient pole right " pulling in front and others push behind " it.In motor rotor one revolution of the present invention in the time; Single stator excitation salient pole pair and rotor permanent magnetism salient pole between power done time obtained increase, all stator excitation salient pole of motor pair and rotor permanent magnetism salient pole between also the increasing widely total time of work done.In sum; Motor of the present invention is in the rotor swing circle; To the increase of quantity and the increase of power done time, make motor of the present invention can obtain bigger continuous torque and power output just because of the rotor permanent magnetism salient pole that can participate in work done pair and stator excitation salient pole.
On the technique scheme basis, the present invention provides the specific constructive form that possesses technique scheme characteristic motor.
One of version:
Field excitation salient pole on this structure motor stator is to being eight; Eight field excitation salient poles are to being symmetry axis with the motor rotation axis; Be provided with along the concentric ring-shaped symmetrical equilibrium; And S magnetic salient pole that each field excitation salient pole is right and N magnetic salient pole axially are provided with along rotation axis, eight field excitation salient poles between be the magnetic isolation each other; Said epitrochanterian permanent magnetism salient pole is to being six; Six permanent magnetism salient poles are to being symmetry axis with the motor rotation axis; Be arranged at the rotator seat periphery along the concentric ring-shaped symmetrical equilibrium, each permanent magnetism salient pole is to being made up of a strip magnetic conductor and two permanent magnets, and strip magnetic conductor one end connects the N utmost point of a permanent magnet; The other end of strip magnetic conductor connects the S utmost point of another permanent magnet; N utmost point salient pole that each permanent magnetism salient pole is right and S utmost point salient pole axially are provided with along rotation axis, and the right magnet limbs property of adjacent permanent magnetism salient pole is different, and the stator excitation salient pole overlaps the formed rotation facade of rotation salient pole with rotor permanent magnetism salient pole the facade that salient pole is positioned; Eight right magnet exciting coils of field excitation salient pole are divided into four groups, are in two field excitation salient poles on same the diameter line to for same group, the same group of magnet exciting coil serial or parallel connection that field excitation salient pole is right, and four groups of field excitation salient poles are to respectively by four phase exciting currents excitation control.
Two of version:
This structure motor is to constituting a motor monomer with eight stator excitation salient poles of one of said structure form motor pair and six rotor permanent magnetism salient poles; Rotation axis with motor monomer such more than two axially connects again; And the right locus of different electric motivation monomer stator field excitation salient pole is identical; Be of the radial centre lines coincidence of different electric motivation monomer stator field excitation salient pole, and different electric motivation monomer rotor permanent magnetism salient pole is zero degree to three ten degree to centering on the equidirectional successively anglec of rotation of rotation axis between the radial centre lines of salient pole to salient pole.
Three of version:
The rotor of this structure motor by motor inner rotary housing and even number permanent magnetism salient pole to constituting; Even number permanent magnetism salient pole is to being provided with along motor inner rotary inner walls ring-type is balanced; N utmost point salient pole that each permanent magnetism salient pole is right and S utmost point salient pole axially are provided with along rotation axis; The stator of this motor by pedestal and even number field excitation salient pole to constituting; The even number field excitation salient pole is arranged at around the pedestal being symmetry axis with the rotation axis symmetrical equilibrium, and each field excitation salient pole between be the magnetic isolation each other; Two right magnetic salient poles of each field excitation salient pole axially are provided with along rotation axis; The facade that the stator excitation salient pole is positioned salient pole rotates formed rotation facade with rotor permanent magnetism salient pole to salient pole and overlaps, and is in the right magnet exciting coil serial or parallel connection of two stator excitation salient poles on the same diametrical position, encourages control by same phase exciting current.
Four of version:
The rotor of this structure motor is made up of cylindric magnetic conductor and six permanent magnet blocks; Six permanent magnet blocks are symmetry axis with the rotation axis; Be arranged at cylindric magnetic conductor inwall, and the magnetic polarity of two adjacent permanent magnets piece salient pole is different, the two adjacent permanent magnets piece is through cylindric magnetic conductor magnetic interconnect function symmetrical equilibrium; It is right to have formed the permanent magnetism salient pole, and cylindric magnetic conductor is fixedly connected with rotation axis through non-magnetic conduction connecting plate; The stator of this structure motor by four field excitation salient poles to constituting; Each field excitation salient pole is to being made up of laminated core with two salient poles and the peripheral magnet exciting coil of this laminated core of coiling again; Four field excitation salient poles are to being symmetry axis with the rotation axis; Be arranged at the stator seat periphery symmetrical equilibrium; Four field excitation salient poles are to be the magnetic isolation each other; The facade that four stator excitation salient poles are positioned salient pole rotates formed rotation facade with rotor permanent magnetism salient pole to salient pole and overlaps, and each stator excitation salient pole equates to center of circle angle between two permanent magnetism salient pole radial centre lines with rotor permanent magnetism salient pole that to center of circle angle between the radial centre lines of two salient poles four right magnet exciting coils of stator excitation salient pole encourage control by four phase exciting currents respectively; Perhaps the relative right magnet exciting coil of two stator excitation salient poles in position is connected in series or parallel connection each other, encourages control by two phase exciting currents.
Five of version:
The rotor of this structure motor is made up of rotator seat, cylindric magnetic conductor and six permanent magnets; Rotation axis and rotator seat are fixed, and cylindric magnetic conductor surrounds rotator seat, and six permanent magnets are symmetry axis with the rotation axis; To be arranged at cylindric magnetic conductor peripheral symmetrical equilibrium; And the magnetic polarity of two adjacent permanent magnets salient pole is different, and two adjacent permanent magnets is through cylindric magnetic conductor magnetic interconnect function, and it is right to form the permanent magnetism salient pole; The stator of this structure motor by four field excitation salient poles to constituting; Each field excitation salient pole is to being made up of laminated core with two salient poles and the peripheral magnet exciting coil of this laminated core of coiling again; Four field excitation salient poles are to being symmetry axis with the rotation axis; Be arranged at the motor field frame inwall symmetrical equilibrium; The facade that four stator excitation salient poles are positioned salient pole rotates formed facade with rotor permanent magnetism salient pole to salient pole and overlaps; Rotor permanent magnetism salient pole equates center of circle angle between the radial centre lines of two salient poles with each stator excitation salient pole center of circle angle between any two permanent magnetism salient pole radial centre lines; Four right magnet exciting coils of stator excitation salient pole encourage control by four phase exciting currents respectively, and perhaps the relative right magnet exciting coil of two stator excitation salient poles in position is connected in series or parallel connection each other, encourages control by two phase exciting currents.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, to above-mentioned interchange continuous torque permanent-magnetic switching reluctance motor technical scheme and various version, the present invention gives a kind of excited control method; The electric motor structure characteristics that this excited control method was suitable for do; To constituting, field excitation salient pole is provided with along the concentric ring-shaped symmetrical equilibrium being symmetry axis with the motor rotation axis this motor stator by field excitation salient pole; Each field excitation salient pole is to be the magnetic isolation each other; To constituting, the permanent magnetism salient pole is provided with along the concentric ring-shaped symmetrical equilibrium being symmetry axis with the motor rotation axis this motor rotor by the permanent magnetism salient pole; The right magnet limbs property of adjacent permanent magnetism salient pole is different; On the rotor on right salient pole axial width of permanent magnetism salient pole and the stator the right salient pole axial width of field excitation salient pole and during the rotor rotation, the rotation facade perpendicular to rotation axis that each salient pole forms is overlapped the facade perpendicular to rotation axis that each salient pole constituted with the stator excitation salient pole in opposite directions by permanent magnetism salient pole on the rotor; The stator excitation salient pole equates salient pole radial centre lines center of circle angle with rotor permanent magnetism salient pole salient pole radial centre lines center of circle angle; In case certain permanent magnetism salient pole overlaps the radial centre lines of any one field excitation salient pole on the radial centre lines of salient pole and the stator to salient pole on the rotor, the position transducer that is individually fixed on rotor and the stator promptly produces a signal, and this signal inputs to excitation control power supply; It is zero that excitation control power supply is promptly controlled the right magnet exciting coil electric current of this radial centre lines coincidence field excitation salient pole of short duration; To this magnet exciting coil input reverse current, promptly make this radial centre lines overlap the magnetic polarity change of field excitation salient pole, and other field excitation salient pole remain unchanged to the magnet exciting coil electric current immediately to salient pole; Overlap with the radial centre lines of permanent magnetism salient pole to salient pole up to the radial centre lines of another field excitation salient pole to salient pole occurring, this process moves in circles.
Above-mentioned motor excited control method goes for the given various interchange continuous torque permanent-magnetic switching reluctance motors of the present invention.The characteristics of this excited control method are, with each permanent magnetism salient pole on the rotor to each field excitation salient pole on salient pole radial centre lines and the stator to the benchmark of the angle coordinate between the salient pole radial centre lines as excitation control.In the process of rotor rotation; With epitrochanterian each permanent magnetism salient pole each field excitation salient pole on salient pole radial center line position and the stator is scanned salient pole radial center line position one by one respectively; When certain rotor permanent magnetism salient pole overlaps the radial centre lines of salient pole the radial centre lines of salient pole and certain stator excitation salient pole; The position transducer that is arranged between rotor and the stator promptly outputs signal to excitation control power supply, and of short duration to the exciting current of magnet exciting coil by the field excitation salient pole that encourages the control of control power supply and this radial centre lines is overlapped is zero, imports the reverse energization electric current immediately; Promptly make this field excitation salient pole that the magnetic polarity of salient pole is changed; Thereby to the permanent magnetism salient pole that just departs from " strict over against " position on the rotor to forming the turning moment of magnetic repulsion, simultaneously to another close permanent magnetism salient pole on the rotor to forming magnetic attraction, promptly; When a certain rotor permanent magnetism salient pole is the N utmost point to salient pole; When rotor was pressed certain direction of rotation angular displacement, its place ahead stator excitation salient pole was S to magnet limbs property, and its rear stator excitation salient pole is N to magnet limbs property; The right N salient pole of this rotor permanent magnetism salient pole this moment had both received the thrust (repulsive force) of the N utmost point on its direction of rotation rear stator excitation salient pole; Simultaneously also receive the pulling force (the suction-combining force) of its direction of rotation the place ahead stator excitation salient pole, thereby make rotor under the thrust and pulling force torque of stator excitation salient pole, produce certain angular displacement to direction of rotation to the magnetic salient pole to the S salient pole." push away " so constantly circularly and adhesive magnetic field that " drawing " constituted a closure in the rotor airgap with repel magnetic field, constantly promote rotor by certain direction of rotation rotation.Torque magnetic field in this stator and the rotor airgap; Within the extremely short time that salient pole and stator excitation salient pole is overlapped the radial centre lines of salient pole at rotor permanent magnetism salient pole; Promptly be in rotor permanent magnetism salient pole that radial centre lines overlaps the position to and the stator excitation salient pole between do not have outside the torque the action of a magnetic field; All there is the effect in torque magnetic field in all the other angles, and promptly described " pushing away " power simultaneously acts on same rotor permanent magnetism salient pole to salient pole on, in other words by different stator excitation salient poles to salient pole with " drawing " power; Right for rotor permanent magnetism salient pole; Can side by side receive from its direction of rotation the place ahead stator excitation salient pole different with the rear right " drawing " power and " pushing away " power, be very of short duration with respect to the stator excitation salient pole to act on the right time period of rotor permanent magnetism salient pole with the torque magnetic approach to the time interval that the salient pole radial centre lines overlaps with rotor permanent magnetism salient pole to the salient pole radial centre lines and the stator excitation salient pole occurs, so all the time; Between stator and rotor, just formed continuous torque; Thereby improved torque and power greatly, also can make the very steady of motor rotation simultaneously, and then the useful life that can improve motor.
Advantage of the present invention is,
1, the present invention has taken the lead in introducing the notion of stator " field excitation salient pole to " and the rotor " permanent magnetism salient pole to " of permanent-magnetic switching reluctance motor; Action condition and interactively between stator " field excitation salient pole to " and the rotor " permanent magnetism salient pole to " have deeply been inquired into; Provided the structural design dexterously of novel permanent magnetic switched reluctance motor; " the shortest principle of magnetic circuit " that the conventional switch reluctance motor is followed used in the permanent-magnetic switching reluctance motor of new construction dexterously efficiently; Shortened the length of the prerequisite closed magnetic circuit of switched reluctance motor; Simultaneously stator " field excitation salient pole to " each other magnetic isolate, make the magnetic pole performance excited target control power supply control and independent change of each " field excitation salient pole to ", like this; Each " field excitation salient pole to " just can participate among rotor " the permanent magnetism salient pole to " work done to greatest extent, and then makes motor obtain bigger continuous torque and power output.
2, the present invention gives existing switched reluctance motor is carried out the design of structure of modification; Though given version is simple; Be difficult to estimate actual effect but can produce; Promoted the performance of existing switched reluctance motor, for development and the extensive use that has switched reluctance motor now provides realistic possibility comprehensively.
3, the new structure motor that provides of the present invention and to the structure of modification of existing switched reluctance motor for adopting a kind of brand-new excited control method condition of laying a good foundation, has also been expanded the technical field of motor excitation control.
4, the given motor of the present invention combines corresponding excited control method, makes the permanent-magnetic switching reluctance motor obtain very high torque, and excitation control power supply is simple; Speed regulating control power supply cost is low; Reliability is high, and the life-span is long, and volume and weight reduces greatly; Be cost performance and the high motor new varieties of ability loss-rate; Also being energy-conservation and motor environmental protection, can replacing now a large amount of electric tools, electric motor of automobile, household electrical appliances motor, industrial power and control motor etc., is the novel motor that has promotional value.
5, complete machine structure modularized design is saved raw material, and is adopted one-shot forming technique in a large number, can realize streamline production operation, has improved labor productivity greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 be in the embodiment of the invention one the stator excitation salient pole to rotor permanent magnetism salient pole to structural representation axially is set.
Fig. 2 is the embodiment of the invention one perspective view.
Fig. 3 is the cutaway view of the embodiment of the invention one.
Fig. 4 is the force diagram of the embodiment of the invention one stator and rotor relative position one.
Fig. 5 is the force diagram of the embodiment of the invention one stator and rotor relative position two.
The force diagram of Fig. 6 embodiment of the invention one stator and rotor relative position three.
Stator excitation salient pole in Fig. 7 embodiment of the invention two to rotor permanent magnetism salient pole to structural representation axially is set.
Fig. 8 is the perspective view of the embodiment of the invention two.
Fig. 9 is the cutaway view of the embodiment of the invention two.
Figure 10 is the perspective view of the embodiment of the invention three.
Figure 11 is the embodiment of the invention three the place ahead motor monomer structure cutaway views.
Figure 12 is a motor monomer structure cutaway view in the middle of the embodiment of the invention three.
Figure 13 is the embodiment of the invention three rear motor monomer structure cutaway views.
Figure 14 is the structure cutaway view in the embodiment of the invention four.
Figure 15 is the A-A profile of Figure 14.
Figure 16 is the structure cutaway view that the embodiment of the invention five stators and rotor are in certain position.
Figure 17 is the structure cutaway view that the embodiment of the invention five stators and rotor are in another position.
Figure 18 is the structure cutaway view that the embodiment of the invention six stators and rotor are in certain position.
Figure 19 is the structure cutaway view that the embodiment of the invention six stators and rotor are in another position.
Figure 20 is the comparison diagram of the embodiment of the invention one each each phase line energising sequential of phase line energising sequential and tradition " 8 pairs 6 " switched reluctance motor.
In the above accompanying drawing, the 21st, the magnet exciting coil that the stator excitation salient pole is right, the 22nd, the salient pole that the stator excitation salient pole is right, the 23rd, the permanent magnetism salient pole that the permanent magnetism salient pole is right, the 24th, strip magnetic conductor; The 25th, motor rotation axis, the 26th, rotor axle bed, the 27th, the permanent magnetism salient pole that the permanent magnetism salient pole is right, the 28th, the salient pole that the stator excitation salient pole is right, the 31st, the magnet exciting coil that the stator excitation salient pole is right; The 32nd, the rear end permanent magnetism salient pole that the permanent magnetism salient pole is right, the 33rd, the front end permanent magnetism salient pole that the permanent magnetism salient pole is right, the 34th, the iron core that the stator excitation salient pole is right, the 35th, the stator excitation salient pole is to the rear end salient pole, and the 36th, the stator excitation salient pole is to the front end salient pole; The 37th, the strip magnetic conductor that epitrochanterian permanent magnetism salient pole is right, the 38th, rotor axle bed, the 39th, rotation axis, the 41st, the magnet exciting coil that the stator excitation salient pole is right; The 42nd, the salient pole that the stator excitation salient pole is right, the 43rd, the magnetic conductor salient pole that rotor with salient pole is right, the 44th, the permanent magnet that rotor with salient pole is right, the 45th, rotation axis; The 46th, rotor axle bed, the 47th, the magnetic conductor salient pole that rotor with salient pole is right, the 48th, the salient pole that the stator excitation salient pole is right, the 51st, the magnet exciting coil that the stator excitation salient pole is right; The 52nd, the iron core that the stator excitation salient pole is right, the 53rd, the permanent magnet that rotor with salient pole is right, the 54th, rotor with salient pole is to the magnetic conductor salient pole of rear end, and the 55th, rotor with salient pole is to the magnetic conductor salient pole of front end; The 56th, the stator excitation salient pole is to the rear end salient pole, and the 57th, the stator excitation biconvex is extremely to the front end salient pole, and the 58th, rotor axle bed, the 59th, rotation axis; The 71st, magnetic conduction rotational shell, the 72nd, permanent magnetism salient pole, the 73rd, the magnet exciting coil that the stator excitation salient pole is right, the 74th, the iron core that the stator excitation salient pole is right; The 75th, rotation axis bearing, the 76th, rotation axis, the 77th, stator base, the 78th, the salient pole that the stator excitation salient pole is right; The 81st, cylindric magnetic conductor, the 82nd, permanent magnet salient pole, the 83rd, the salient pole that field excitation salient pole is right, the 84th, the magnet exciting coil that field excitation salient pole is right; The 85th, stator seat, the 91st, motor field frame, the 92nd, the magnet exciting coil that field excitation salient pole is right, the 93rd, the salient pole that field excitation salient pole is right; The 94th, permanent magnet salient pole, the 95th, cylindric magnetic conductor, the 96th, rotator seat, the 97th, rotation axis.
Embodiment
Embodiment one:
In the present embodiment, the stator excitation salient pole is to being eight, and rotor permanent magnetism salient pole is to being six, and two salient poles and two right salient poles of rotor permanent magnetism salient pole that the stator excitation salient pole is right all are axial setting, shown in accompanying drawing 1, accompanying drawing 2 and accompanying drawing 3.
In the present embodiment; With eight stator excitation salient poles to being symmetry axis with the rotation axis axis; Symmetrical equilibrium ground is fixed on the non-magnetic conduction cylinder inwall, and two right salient poles of each stator excitation salient pole axially are provided with along rotation axis, and six rotor permanent magnetism salient poles are to being symmetry axis with the rotation axis axis; Symmetrical equilibrium ground is fixed on the non-magnetic conduction rotator seat, and two right salient poles of each rotor permanent magnetism salient pole axially are provided with along rotation axis.Design will guarantee all that with assembling rotor permanent magnetism salient pole is consistent to the axial location of salient pole with the stator excitation salient pole to salient pole; Be that the stator excitation salient pole overlaps with the rotation facade of rotor permanent magnetism salient pole to salient pole the facade that salient pole belongs to; The stator excitation salient pole constitutes one group to A and stator excitation salient pole to E, and the stator excitation salient pole constitutes one group to B and stator excitation salient pole to F, and the stator excitation salient pole constitutes one group to C and stator excitation salient pole to G; The stator excitation salient pole constitutes a group to D and stator excitation salient pole to H; Every group of two magnet exciting coil serial or parallel connections that the stator excitation salient pole is right, like this, every group of right magnetic polarity of stator excitation salient pole can change simultaneously.Like this, through changing the sense of current that is input to four groups of stator excitation salient pole centering magnet exciting coils respectively, realize of the control respectively of these eight stator excitation salient poles to magnet limbs property.
The stator of present embodiment and the interaction of rotor are explained from following three feature locations:
One of which shown in accompanying drawing 4, the stator excitation salient pole do not occur the salient pole radial centre lines is overlapped the salient pole radial centre lines with rotor permanent magnetism salient pole, under this state, all stator excitation salient poles to all near the rotor permanent magnetism salient pole it to applying magnetic force.
They are two years old; Shown in accompanying drawing 5; The stator excitation salient pole to the radial centre lines of A salient pole and rotor permanent magnetism salient pole to the radial centre lines of I salient pole overlap, the stator excitation salient pole overlaps (each field excitation salient pole to the right generation name of each permanent magnetism salient pole number referring to accompanying drawing 3) to the radial centre lines of E salient pole and rotor permanent magnetism salient pole to the radial centre lines of IV salient pole; The stator excitation salient pole to A and rotor permanent magnetism salient pole to having formed the shortest closed magnetic loop between the I; The stator excitation salient pole to having formed the shortest closed magnetic loop between the IV, this moment, is separately positioned on stator and epitrochanterian position sensor output signal to E and rotor permanent magnetism salient pole; This signal makes excitation control power supply moment change the stator excitation salient pole to A and the stator excitation salient pole electric current to magnet exciting coil among the E; Making exciting current of short duration before this is zero, and when rotor permanent magnetism salient pole departed from the stator excitation salient pole A and E about 2 to 5 are spent I and IV, power supply is controlled in excitation made the stator excitation salient pole commutate to the electric current of magnet exciting coil among A and the E.In accompanying drawing 5; The stator excitation salient pole both existed magnetic repulsion to I and rotor permanent magnetism salient pole to IV to rotor permanent magnetism salient pole to B and stator excitation salient pole to F; Also rotor permanent magnetism salient pole is existed magnetic attraction to II and rotor permanent magnetism salient pole to V; The stator excitation salient pole both existed magnetic repulsion to II and rotor permanent magnetism salient pole to V to rotor permanent magnetism salient pole to C and stator excitation salient pole to G; Also rotor permanent magnetism salient pole is existed magnetic attraction to III and rotor permanent magnetism salient pole to VI, and the stator excitation salient pole exists magnetic repulsion to III and rotor permanent magnetism salient pole to VI to rotor permanent magnetism salient pole to H to D and stator excitation salient pole.
They are three years old; Shown in accompanying drawing 6, after rotor continued about 3 degree of rotation, the stator excitation salient pole was changed into the N utmost point to the magnetic polarity of A salient pole by original S utmost point; And the stator excitation salient pole is changed into the S utmost point to the magnetic polarity of E salient pole by original N utmost point; The stator excitation salient pole is begun to form to rotor permanent magnetism salient pole I and the rotor permanent magnetism salient pole repulsive force to VI E A and stator excitation salient pole, in more than describing, each field excitation salient pole to the right code name name of each permanent magnetism salient pole referring to accompanying drawing 3)
When above-mentioned three steps of stator A and stator E experience pole change; Other stator excitation salient pole is to still keeping near the right magnetic force of rotor permanent magnetism salient pole it; Up to rotor permanent magnetism salient pole to II salient pole radial centre lines and stator excitation salient pole to B salient pole radial centre lines overlap, rotor permanent magnetism salient pole also overlaps F salient pole radial centre lines with the stator excitation salient pole V salient pole radial centre lines; This moment; Be arranged on position transducer between stator and the rotor and output signal to excitation control power supply once more, making the stator excitation salient pole of short duration to magnet exciting coil exciting current among the F with the stator excitation salient pole to B before this is zero, even with exciting current change direction.The stator excitation salient pole repeats previous stator excitation salient pole to A and the stator excitation salient pole process to E to B and stator excitation salient pole to F, and this process moves in circles.In case set position transducer can guarantee that certain rotor permanent magnetism salient pole overlaps the salient pole radial centre lines with certain stator excitation salient pole the salient pole radial centre lines between stator and rotor; Position transducer is promptly carried signal to the excitation Control current; It is zero that the excitation Control current promptly makes radial centre lines overlap the stator exciting coil electric current of short duration earlier, and electric current changes direction immediately.
At accompanying drawing 5 given stator and rotor relative position state; Show except that the stator excitation salient pole A and stator excitation salient pole are not existed to rotor permanent magnetism salient pole I and the turning effort power of rotor permanent magnetism salient pole to IV E that other field excitation salient pole is to all existing near the right magnetic rotation active force of permanent magnetism salient pole.From power done time; It is extremely of short duration that the right salient pole of salient pole that the stator excitation salient pole is right and rotor permanent magnetism salient pole " strict over against " forms time period of the shortest magnetic circuit, and other stator excitation salient pole is pair much longer relatively to interactional power done time with rotor permanent magnetism salient pole.The interaction force increases that to increase with the interaction time be the basis that present embodiment obtains big motor continuous torque and power output between stator and the rotor.
The structural advantage and the excited control method of present embodiment permanent-magnetic switching reluctance motor; Formed bigger continuous torque and power output, this point can also be confirmed from the contrast of the sequential chart of the sequential chart of each bar electric current that phase line adds of present embodiment permanent-magnetic switching reluctance motor and each bar electric current that phase line adds of traditional double salient pole switched reluctance motor.
The first half of accompanying drawing 20 is tradition " eight pairs six " biconvex pole switching reluctance motor energising sequential chart.During single-phase conducting,, can know that its angle of flow is 15 ° for the four phase switch reluctance motors of " 8/6 utmost point ", when a certain salient pole of rotor and stator salient poles coincide, this moment next mutually or last one energising mutually, commutation just is up to changing to this phase once more, this just conducting mutually.For traditional " 8/6 utmost point " switched reluctance machines, revolve turn around (promptly 360 °) at rotor, its single-phase conducting angle is:
θ A(opening)=θ B(opening)=θ c(opening)=θ D(opening)=90 °
θ A(pass)=θ B(pass)=θ c(pass)=θ D(pass)=270 °
Can find out that therefrom the coil conducting angle of traditional " 8/6 utmost point " switched reluctance machines is little.
The latter half of accompanying drawing 20 is a present embodiment permanent-magnetic switching reluctance motor energising sequential chart.
For present embodiment permanent-magnetic switching reluctance motor, revolve turn around (promptly 360 °) at rotor, its single-phase conducting angle is:
θ A(opening)=θ B(opening)=θ c(opening)=θ D(opening)=330 °
θ A(pass)=θ B(pass)=θ c(pass)=θ D(pass)=30 °
Can find out that therefrom the coil conducting angle of present embodiment permanent-magnetic switching reluctance motor is very big,
Come comparison from total conducting angle.
For traditional " 8/6 utmost point " switched reluctance machines, revolve turn around (promptly 360 °) at rotor, its total angle of flow is:
θ Always(opening)=θ A(opening)+θ B(opening)+θ c(opening)+θ D(opening)=360 °
θ Always(pass)=θ A(pass)+θ B(pass)+θ c(pass)+θ D(pass)=1080 °
Therefrom can find out; Total conducting angle of traditional " 8/6 utmost point " switched reluctance machines equals the angle that rotor rotates a circle, and the angle of turn-offing is very big, and the utilance to excitation control power supply and motor magnetoelectric converting part is very low like this; The motor rotation shake is big, and torque output is low.
For present embodiment permanent-magnetic switching reluctance motor, revolve turn around (promptly 360 °) at rotor, its total angle of flow is:
θ Always(opening)=θ A(opening)+θ B(opening)+θ c(opening)+θ D(opening)=1320 °
θ Always(pass)=θ A(pass)+θ B(pass)+θ c(pass)+θ D(pass)=120 °
Can find out that therefrom the total conducting angle of present embodiment permanent-magnetic switching reluctance motor is very big, so its power of motor volume ratio, output torque and torque stability are far above the transmission switched reluctance motor.
Embodiment two:
The structure of present embodiment and embodiment one is basic identical, shown in accompanying drawing 7, accompanying drawing 8 and accompanying drawing 9.Difference only is that the right structure of rotor permanent magnetism salient pole is different, and present embodiment rotor permanent magnetism salient pole is to being to be made up of a permanent magnet 44 and two soft magnet materials 43,47.
The architectural feature of present embodiment and excited control method do not repeat at this with embodiment one.
Embodiment three:
Present embodiment is the combination and variation form of embodiment one or embodiment two structures, shown in accompanying drawing 10.
Present embodiment is to constituting a motor monomer by such eight stator excitation salient poles of embodiment one or embodiment two pair and six rotor permanent magnetism salient poles; Rotation axis with three such motor monomers axially connects again; And the right locus of the stator excitation salient pole of three motor monomers is identical; Be of the radial centre lines coincidence of different electric motivation monomer stator field excitation salient pole, and different electric motivation monomer rotor permanent magnetism salient pole is five degree to centering on the equidirectional successively anglec of rotation of rotation axis between the radial centre lines of salient pole to salient pole.Accompanying drawing 11 has provided the cutaway view that is in anterior layer motor monomer, and accompanying drawing 12 has provided the cutaway view that is in intermediate layer motor monomer, and accompanying drawing 13 has provided the cutaway view that is in final layer motor monomer.α angle among the figure is that the anglec of rotation that is provided with is installed between the right salient pole radial centre lines of different electric motivation monomer rotor permanent magnetism salient pole, and α is 5 degree.Three motor monomers so are set, have realized the step angle of segmentation monomer motor.Stator exciting coil in every layer of motor monomer is controlled by four phase line excitation power supplies; Be provided with position transducer between the stator of every layer of motor monomer and the rotor; As long as have the stator excitation salient pole that the radial centre lines of salient pole is overlapped with the radial centre lines of rotor permanent magnetism salient pole to salient pole in every layer of motor monomer; (in accompanying drawing 11; The stator excitation salient pole overlaps with the salient pole radial centre lines of rotor permanent magnetism salient pole to I (1) and IV (1) the salient pole radial centre lines of A (1) and E (1)) this layer position transducer promptly export signal; It is zero to the exciting current of A (1) and E (1) magnet exciting coil that the control excitation power supply makes the stator excitation salient pole earlier, changes the sense of current immediately, and the stator excitation salient pole is changed the magnetic polarity of A (1) and E (1) salient pole.Independent and the orderly work of three layers of motor monomer of present embodiment; Make the present embodiment rotor rotate to any angle; All there is heterogeneous line to supply power simultaneously in three layers of motor monomer and produces continuous turning moment; The further like this power output that improves motor has been segmented step angle simultaneously, has reached the effect of smooth starting and running.
Embodiment four:
The present embodiment external rotor permanent magnet motor that to be the stator excitation salient pole axially be provided with salient pole salient pole and the protruding level of rotor permanent magnetism, its structure like accompanying drawing 14 with shown in the accompanying drawing 15.
The present embodiment rotor is made up of magnetic conduction rotational shell body 71 and 12 permanent magnets 72, and 12 permanent magnets are divided into six groups, and two permanent magnets are one group; The S utmost point of one of them permanent magnet connects magnetic conduction rotational shell body; Another permanent magnet then connects magnetic conduction rotational shell body 71 with the N utmost point, and every group of two permanent magnets axially are provided with along rotation axis, and it is right that every group of two permanent magnet have formed a permanent magnetism salient pole through magnetic conduction rotational shell body; Two one group of 12 permanent magnet; It is right to have formed six permanent magnetism salient poles, and these six permanent magnetism salient poles are to being provided with along motor inner rotary inner walls ring-type is balanced, and adjacent permanent magnetism salient pole is different to the magnetic polarity of salient pole.The stator of present embodiment motor by pedestal 77 and eight stator excitation salient poles to constituting; Eight field excitation salient poles are to being symmetry axis with the rotation axis; Radially equilibrium is arranged at around the pedestal 77; And be the magnetic isolation each other, each field excitation salient pole is to there being two salient poles 78, and these two salient poles also are axial setting.Field excitation salient pole on the stator is oppositely arranged salient pole salient pole and epitrochanterian permanent magnetism salient pole, and leaves air gap.Eight stator excitation salient poles are to being symmetry axis with rotation axis 76; After being positioned at right magnet exciting coil 73 serial or parallel connections of two stator excitation salient poles on the axisymmetric position; By phase exciting current power supply and control, such eight stator excitation salient poles are to being supplied power and control by four phase exciting currents.
In the present embodiment; When certain a pair of stator excitation salient pole to the radial centre lines of salient pole and certain a pair of the radial centre lines of salient pole is not overlapped near rotor permanent magnetism salient pole before; The right magnet exciting coil of this stator excitation salient pole is applied in the positive incentive electric current; Make the right salient pole of this stator excitation salient pole to producing magnetic attraction near the right salient pole of rotor permanent magnetism salient pole; In case this stator excitation salient pole to the radial centre lines of salient pole with overlap near the radial centre lines of rotor permanent magnetism salient pole salient pole, be arranged at the position sensor output signal between stator and the rotor, this signal triggering excitation control power supply; It is zero to the magnet exciting coil exciting current that excitation control power supply moment makes this stator excitation salient pole; Then be applied in the reverse energization electric current immediately, make this stator excitation salient pole to immediate rotor permanent magnetism salient pole to producing the magnetic motive force, and when the said stator field excitation salient pole to the salient pole radial centre lines with center line is radially experienced coincidence never near rotor permanent magnetism salient pole; No longer overlap in section blink from overlapping again; Excitation control power supply applies exciting current forward or backwards to the right magnet exciting coil of other threephase stator field excitation salient pole, and these stator excitation salient poles are being to keeping magnetic attraction and the magnetic motive force right near rotor permanent magnetism salient pole it, up to a pair of stator excitation salient pole being arranged to the radial centre lines of salient pole and another near rotor permanent magnetism salient pole the salient pole radial centre lines being overlapped again; This process moves in circles, and makes rotor continue rotation.In accompanying drawing 15; Rotor is and is rotated counterclockwise; In case field excitation salient pole overlaps I and IV salient pole radial centre lines permanent magnetism salient pole on the salient pole radial centre lines of A and E and the rotor on the stator; Excitation control power supply is zero from providing reverse current moment to change electric current to the stator excitation salient pole to A and E phase line originally promptly, and changing electric current immediately is forward, and the stator excitation salient pole is changed into N to the magnetic polarity of A salient pole by S in the accompanying drawing 15; The stator excitation salient pole is changed into S to the magnetic polarity of E salient pole by N; Field excitation salient pole disappears to the magnetic rotation the suction-combining force of I and IV salient pole to permanent magnetism salient pole on the rotor to A and E salient pole and promptly produces the magnetic motive force on the stator, and at the stator excitation salient pole in A and the E switching-over supplying time section, excitation is controlled power supply and is kept on stator field excitation salient pole and B and F phase line are provided keep forward current; Make field excitation salient pole on the stator keep permanent magnetism salient pole on the rotor is closed pulling force to the magnetic of II and V salient pole to B and F salient pole; Still at this moment between in the section, excitation control power supply keeps that field excitation salient pole provides reverse current to C and G phase line on stator, make on the stator field excitation salient pole to C and G salient pole both to permanent magnetism salient pole on the rotor to II and V salient pole generation magnetic motive force; Also rotor permanent magnetism salient pole is produced magnetic attraction to III and VI salient pole simultaneously; Still at this moment between in the section, excitation control power supply keeps that field excitation salient pole provides forward current to D and H phase line on stator, make on the stator field excitation salient pole to D and H salient pole to permanent magnetism salient pole on the rotor to III and VI salient pole generation magnetic repulsion thrust; Through an of short duration time period; Field excitation salient pole overlaps II and V salient pole radial centre lines permanent magnetism salient pole on B and F salient pole radial centre lines and the rotor on the stator, and other stator excitation salient pole is to repeat above-mentioned attraction or the repulsion process right to rotor permanent magnetism salient pole successively.So circulation is rotated counterclockwise rotor reposefully.Between rotor and stator, position transducer is set; When epitrochanterian certain when the permanent magnetism salient pole is overlapped the radial centre lines complete matching of salient pole the stator excitation salient pole with certain the radial centre lines of salient pole; Position transducer promptly sends signal and gives excitation control power supply, and then by excitation control power supply the stator excitation salient pole of central lines radially to be made moment to the exciting current in the phase line be zero switching-over control immediately.
Embodiment five:
Present embodiment is that the stator excitation salient pole is the external rotor permanent magnet motor that radially is provided with to two salient poles and two right salient poles of rotor permanent magnetism salient pole.Shown in accompanying drawing 16 and accompanying drawing 17.
Rotor in the present embodiment is made up of cylindric magnetic conductor 81 and six permanent magnet blocks 82; Six permanent magnet blocks are symmetry axis with the rotation axis; Be arranged at cylindric magnetic conductor 81 inwalls, and the magnetic polarity of adjacent two salient poles is different, adjacent two permanent magnetism salient poles are through cylindric magnetic conductor magnetic interconnect function symmetrical equilibrium; Formed " permanent magnetism salient pole to ", cylindric magnetic conductor is fixedly connected with rotation axis through non-magnetic conduction connecting plate; Stator in the present embodiment by four field excitation salient poles to constituting; Each field excitation salient pole is to being made up of laminated core that two salient poles 83 are arranged and the peripheral magnet exciting coil 84 of this laminated core of coiling again; Four field excitation salient poles are to being symmetry axis with the rotation axis; Be arranged at stator seat 85 peripheries symmetrical equilibrium; The facade that four stator excitation salient poles are positioned salient pole rotates formed rotation facade with rotor permanent magnetism salient pole to salient pole and overlaps; Each stator excitation salient pole equates to angle between two permanent magnetism salient pole radial centre lines with rotor permanent magnetism salient pole that to angle between the radial centre lines of two salient poles four right magnet exciting coils of stator excitation salient pole encourage control by four phase line exciting currents respectively.
In the accompanying drawing 16; Field excitation salient pole is 60 degree to the radial centre lines angle of two salient poles of A; The permanent magnetism salient pole is all 60 degree to the radial centre lines angle of salient pole I and salient pole II; Equally, field excitation salient pole is 60 degree to the radial centre lines angle of two salient poles of C, and the permanent magnetism salient pole is all 60 degree to the radial centre lines angle of salient pole IV and salient pole V.Field excitation salient pole to A and permanent magnetism salient pole to having formed the shortest magnetic loop between salient pole I and the salient pole II; Field excitation salient pole to C and permanent magnetism salient pole to having formed the shortest magnetic loop between salient pole IV and the salient pole V, field excitation salient pole to A and permanent magnetism salient pole between salient pole I and the salient pole II, field excitation salient pole disappears to the turning effort power between salient pole IV and the salient pole V to C and permanent magnetism salient pole, and this moment; Field excitation salient pole both formed repulsive force to permanent magnetism salient pole II to the N salient pole of B; Again permanent magnetism salient pole III is formed attraction, field excitation salient pole both formed repulsive force to permanent magnetism salient pole III to the S salient pole of B, again permanent magnetism salient pole IV was formed attraction; Field excitation salient pole both became repulsive force to permanent magnetism salient pole V-arrangement to the S salient pole of D; Again permanent magnetism salient pole VI is formed attraction, field excitation salient pole both formed repulsive force to permanent magnetism salient pole VI to the N salient pole of D, again permanent magnetism salient pole I was formed attraction.
Between the stator of present embodiment and rotor, position transducer is set; In case there is permanent magnetism salient pole on the rotor that the radial centre lines of two salient poles is overlapped with the radial centre lines of field excitation salient pole to two salient poles; To A and C, position transducer promptly outputs signal to excitation control power supply like field excitation salient pole in the accompanying drawing 16, and it is zero to magnet exciting coil L1 among A and the C and L3 exciting current that excitation control power supply makes field excitation salient pole earlier; Input immediately changes the exciting current of direction, and field excitation salient pole is changed the magnetic polarity of A and C salient pole.The field excitation salient pole that changes magnetic polarity forms the active force right to the permanent magnetism salient pole once more to A and C.
In the present embodiment; The moving 30-degree angle of rotor revolution field excitation salient pole promptly can occur to salient pole and the permanent magnetism salient pole situation to salient pole " strictness over against "; Just have the right magnet exciting coil electric current of field excitation salient pole and change direction; So move in circles, the field excitation salient pole on the stator is remaining the magnetic force of permanent magnetism salient pole to salient pole magnet limbs property varying cyclically.
The excitation of present embodiment control power supply can greatly be simplified because controlled condition is unique, promptly only with field excitation salient pole to relevant with the right relative position of permanent magnetism salient pole.In addition, present embodiment compares with tradition " eight pairs six " biconvex pole switching reluctance motor, has than higher torque and power output.This be because; Field excitation salient pole is to just rotating not acting to the of short duration period that forms the magnet short-cut path loop to rotor with the permanent magnetism salient pole, and in all the other periods, four field excitation salient poles are to all being in the work done state; Promptly to the permanent magnetism salient pole to " not only pushing away but also draw ", shown in accompanying drawing 17.
Embodiment six:
Present embodiment is that the stator excitation salient pole is the internal rotor permanent-magnetic motor that radially is provided with to two salient poles and two right salient poles of rotor permanent magnetism salient pole.Shown in accompanying drawing 18 and accompanying drawing 19.
The present embodiment rotor is made up of rotator seat 96, cylindric magnetic conductor 95 and six permanent magnets 94; Rotation axis 97 is fixing with rotator seat 96, and cylindric magnetic conductor 95 surrounds rotator seat 96, and six permanent magnets are symmetry axis with the rotation axis; To be arranged at cylindric magnetic conductor peripheral symmetrical equilibrium; And the magnetic polarity of adjacent two salient poles is different, and adjacent two permanent magnetism salient poles are through cylindric magnetic conductor 95 magnetic interconnect functions, and it is right to form the permanent magnetism salient pole; The present embodiment stator by four field excitation salient poles to constituting; Each field excitation salient pole is to being made up of laminated core that two salient poles 93 are arranged and the peripheral magnet exciting coil 92 of this laminated core of coiling again; Four field excitation salient poles are to being symmetry axis with the rotation axis; Be arranged at motor field frame 91 inwalls symmetrical equilibrium; The facade that four stator excitation salient poles are positioned salient pole rotates formed rotation facade with rotor permanent magnetism salient pole to salient pole and overlaps; Rotor permanent magnetism salient pole equates to angle between the radial centre lines of two salient poles with each stator excitation salient pole that to angle between any two permanent magnetism salient pole radial centre lines four right magnet exciting coils of stator excitation salient pole encourage control by four phase exciting currents respectively.
In the accompanying drawing 18; Field excitation salient pole is 60 degree to the radial centre lines angle of two salient poles of A; The permanent magnetism salient pole is all 60 degree to the radial centre lines angle of salient pole I and salient pole II; Equally, field excitation salient pole is 60 degree to the radial centre lines angle of two salient poles of C, and the permanent magnetism salient pole is all 60 degree to the radial centre lines angle of salient pole IV and salient pole V.Field excitation salient pole to A and permanent magnetism salient pole to having formed the shortest magnetic loop between salient pole I and the salient pole II; Field excitation salient pole to C and permanent magnetism salient pole to having formed the shortest magnetic loop between salient pole IV and the salient pole V, field excitation salient pole to A and permanent magnetism salient pole between salient pole I and the salient pole II, field excitation salient pole disappears to the turning effort power between salient pole IV and the salient pole V to C and permanent magnetism salient pole, and this moment; Field excitation salient pole both formed repulsive force to permanent magnetism salient pole II to the N salient pole of B; Again permanent magnetism salient pole III is formed attraction, field excitation salient pole both formed repulsive force to permanent magnetism salient pole III to the S salient pole of B, again permanent magnetism salient pole IV was formed attraction; Field excitation salient pole both became repulsive force to permanent magnetism salient pole V-arrangement to the S salient pole of D; Again permanent magnetism salient pole VI is formed attraction, field excitation salient pole both formed repulsive force to permanent magnetism salient pole VI to the N salient pole of D, again permanent magnetism salient pole I was formed attraction.
Between the stator of present embodiment and rotor, position transducer is set; In case there is permanent magnetism salient pole on the rotor that the radial centre lines of two salient poles is overlapped with the radial centre lines of field excitation salient pole to two salient poles; Like field excitation salient pole in the accompanying drawing 18 to A and C; Position transducer promptly outputs signal to excitation control power supply, and excitation control power supply changes the direction of field excitation salient pole to magnet exciting coil exciting current among A and the C, and field excitation salient pole is changed the magnetic polarity of A and C salient pole.The field excitation salient pole that changes magnetic polarity forms the active force to the permanent magnetism salient pole once more to A and C.
In the present embodiment; The moving 30-degree angle of rotor revolution field excitation salient pole promptly can occur to salient pole and the permanent magnetism salient pole situation to " strictness over against "; Just have the right magnet exciting coil electric current of field excitation salient pole and change direction; So move in circles, the field excitation salient pole on the stator is remaining the magnetic force of permanent magnetism salient pole to salient pole magnet limbs property varying cyclically.
Present embodiment can also the position is relative two right magnet exciting coils of stator excitation salient pole be connected in series each other or the parallel connection; Encourage control by two phase exciting currents; Like this; Excitation control power supply can further be simplified because controlled condition is unique, promptly only with field excitation salient pole to relevant with the right relative position of permanent magnetism salient pole.In addition; Because the field excitation salient pole of present embodiment motor is to just rotating not acting to the of short duration period that forms the shortest magnetic circuit loop to rotor with the permanent magnetism salient pole, in all the other periods, four field excitation salient poles are to all being in the work done state; Promptly to the permanent magnetism salient pole to " not only pushing away but also draw ", shown in accompanying drawing 19.So present embodiment compares with tradition " eight pairs six " biconvex pole switching reluctance motor, has than higher torque and power output.

Claims (9)

1. one kind exchanges continuous torque permanent-magnetic switching reluctance motor; Its formation includes stator, rotor, motor field frame; It is characterized in that: said stator by some field excitation salient poles to constituting; Field excitation salient pole is provided with along the concentric ring-shaped symmetrical equilibrium being symmetry axis with the motor rotation axis, each field excitation salient pole between be the magnetic isolation each other; Said rotor by some permanent magnetism salient poles to constituting; The permanent magnetism salient pole is provided with along the concentric ring-shaped symmetrical equilibrium being symmetry axis with the motor rotation axis, and the right magnet limbs property of adjacent permanent magnetism salient pole is different; On the rotor on the right salient pole axial width of permanent magnetism salient pole and the stator the right salient pole axial width of field excitation salient pole identical; And in rotor when rotation, overlapped the facade perpendicular to rotation axis that each salient pole constituted with the stator excitation salient pole the rotation facade perpendicular to rotation axis that each salient pole forms by permanent magnetism salient pole on the rotor, and any rotor permanent magnetism salient pole can be distinguished the radial centre lines of two salient poles with any stator excitation salient pole the radial centre lines of two salient poles and overlap accordingly.
2. interchange continuous torque permanent-magnetic switching reluctance motor according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said field excitation salient pole is to being made up of laminated core and magnet exciting coil; Magnet exciting coil is wound in the laminated core periphery; The two end portions that laminated core stretches out magnet exciting coil forms two salient poles, and when importing same directional current in the magnet exciting coil, the magnetic polarity of these two salient poles is different; Said permanent magnetism salient pole is to being made up of two permanent magnets and a magnetic conductor, and magnetic conductor one end connects the N utmost point of a permanent magnet, and the other end of magnetic conductor connects the S utmost point of another permanent magnet, and having formed has the permanent magnetism salient pole of a S utmost point and a N utmost point right; Perhaps said permanent magnetism salient pole connects a magnetic conductor to being made up of a permanent magnet and two magnetic conductors at this permanent magnet N utmost point place, connects another magnetic conductor at this permanent magnet S utmost point place, and like this, also having formed has the permanent magnetism salient pole of a N utmost point and a S utmost point right.
3. interchange continuous torque permanent-magnetic switching reluctance motor according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the field excitation salient pole on the said stator is 6 or 8 or 10 or 12 or 14 or 16 or 18 to quantity, with field excitation salient pole on the said stator be 4 or 6 or 8 or 10 or 12 or 14 or 16 to selecting a selected epitrochanterian one to one permanent magnetism salient pole of quantity to quantity.
4. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described interchange continuous torque permanent-magnetic switching reluctance motors; It is characterized in that: the field excitation salient pole on the said stator is to being eight; Eight field excitation salient poles are to being symmetry axis with the motor rotation axis; Be provided with along the concentric ring-shaped symmetrical equilibrium, and right S magnetic salient pole and the N magnetic salient pole of each field excitation salient pole axially be provided with along rotation axis, eight field excitation salient poles between be the magnetic isolation each other; Said epitrochanterian permanent magnetism salient pole is to being six; Six permanent magnetism salient poles are to being symmetry axis with the motor rotation axis; Be arranged at the rotator seat periphery along the concentric ring-shaped symmetrical equilibrium, each permanent magnetism salient pole is to being made up of a strip magnetic conductor and two permanent magnets, and strip magnetic conductor one end connects the N utmost point of a permanent magnet; The other end of strip magnetic conductor connects the S utmost point of another permanent magnet; N utmost point salient pole that each permanent magnetism salient pole is right and S utmost point salient pole axially are provided with along rotation axis, and the right magnet limbs property of adjacent permanent magnetism salient pole is different, and the stator excitation salient pole overlaps the formed rotation facade of rotation salient pole with rotor permanent magnetism salient pole the facade that salient pole is positioned; Eight right magnet exciting coils of field excitation salient pole are divided into four groups, are in two field excitation salient poles on same the diameter line to for same group, the same group of magnet exciting coil serial or parallel connection that field excitation salient pole is right, and four groups of field excitation salient poles are to respectively by four phase exciting currents excitation control.
5. interchange continuous torque permanent-magnetic switching reluctance motor according to claim 4; It is characterized in that: by eight described stator excitation salient poles pair and six described rotor permanent magnetism salient poles to constituting a motor monomer; Rotation axis with motor monomer such more than two axially connects again; And the right locus of different electric motivation monomer stator field excitation salient pole is identical; Be of the radial centre lines coincidence of different electric motivation monomer stator field excitation salient pole, and different electric motivation monomer rotor permanent magnetism salient pole is zero degree to three ten degree to centering on the equidirectional successively anglec of rotation of rotation axis between the radial centre lines of salient pole to salient pole.
6. interchange continuous torque permanent-magnetic switching reluctance motor according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said rotor by motor inner rotary housing and even number permanent magnetism salient pole to constituting; Even number permanent magnetism salient pole is to being provided with along motor inner rotary inner walls ring-type is balanced; N utmost point salient pole that each permanent magnetism salient pole is right and S utmost point salient pole axially are provided with along rotation axis, and to constituting, the even number field excitation salient pole is to being symmetry axis with the rotation axis by pedestal and even number field excitation salient pole for the stator of this motor; Be arranged at around the pedestal symmetrical equilibrium; And each field excitation salient pole between be the magnetic isolation each other, two right magnetic salient poles of each field excitation salient pole axially are provided with along rotation axis, the facade that the stator excitation salient pole is positioned salient pole rotates formed rotation facade with rotor permanent magnetism salient pole to salient pole and overlaps; Be in the right magnet exciting coil serial or parallel connection of two stator excitation salient poles on the same diametrical position, encourage control by same phase exciting current.
7. interchange continuous torque permanent-magnetic switching reluctance motor according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said rotor is made up of cylindric magnetic conductor and six permanent magnet blocks; Six permanent magnet blocks are symmetry axis with the rotation axis; Be arranged at cylindric magnetic conductor inwall, and the magnetic polarity of two adjacent permanent magnets piece salient pole is different, the two adjacent permanent magnets piece is through cylindric magnetic conductor magnetic interconnect function symmetrical equilibrium; It is right to have formed the permanent magnetism salient pole, and cylindric magnetic conductor is fixedly connected with rotation axis through non-magnetic conduction connecting plate; Said stator by four field excitation salient poles to constituting; Each field excitation salient pole is to being made up of laminated core with two salient poles and the peripheral magnet exciting coil of this laminated core of coiling again; Four field excitation salient poles are to being symmetry axis with the rotation axis; Be arranged at the stator seat periphery symmetrical equilibrium; Four field excitation salient poles are to be the magnetic isolation each other; The facade that four stator excitation salient poles are positioned salient pole rotates formed rotation facade with rotor permanent magnetism salient pole to salient pole and overlaps, and each stator excitation salient pole equates to center of circle angle between two permanent magnetism salient pole radial centre lines with rotor permanent magnetism salient pole that to center of circle angle between the radial centre lines of two salient poles four right magnet exciting coils of stator excitation salient pole encourage control by four phase exciting currents respectively; Perhaps the relative right magnet exciting coil of two stator excitation salient poles in position is connected in series or parallel connection each other, by two phase exciting current rice excitation control.
8. interchange continuous torque permanent-magnetic switching reluctance motor according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said rotor is made up of rotator seat, cylindric magnetic conductor and six permanent magnets; Rotation axis and rotator seat are fixed, and cylindric magnetic conductor surrounds rotator seat, and six permanent magnets are symmetry axis with the rotation axis; To be arranged at cylindric magnetic conductor peripheral symmetrical equilibrium; And the magnetic polarity of two adjacent permanent magnets salient pole is different, and two adjacent permanent magnets is through cylindric magnetic conductor magnetic interconnect function, and it is right to form the permanent magnetism salient pole; Said stator by four field excitation salient poles to constituting; Each field excitation salient pole is to being made up of laminated core with two salient poles and the peripheral magnet exciting coil of this laminated core of coiling again; Four field excitation salient poles are to being symmetry axis with the rotation axis; Be arranged at the motor field frame inwall symmetrical equilibrium; The facade that four stator excitation salient poles are positioned salient pole rotates formed facade with rotor permanent magnetism salient pole to salient pole and overlaps, and rotor permanent magnetism salient pole equates to center of circle angle between the radial centre lines of two salient poles with each stator excitation salient pole that to center of circle angle between any two permanent magnetism salient pole radial centre lines four right magnet exciting coils of stator excitation salient pole encourage control by four phase exciting currents respectively; Perhaps the relative right magnet exciting coil of two stator excitation salient poles in position is connected in series or parallel connection each other, encourages control by two phase exciting currents.
9. excited control method that exchanges continuous torque permanent-magnetic switching reluctance motor; It is characterized in that: the electric motor structure characteristics that this excited control method was suitable for do; This motor stator by field excitation salient pole to constituting; Field excitation salient pole is provided with along the concentric ring-shaped symmetrical equilibrium being symmetry axis with the motor rotation axis, and each field excitation salient pole is to be the magnetic isolation each other; This motor rotor by the permanent magnetism salient pole to constituting; The permanent magnetism salient pole is provided with along the concentric ring-shaped symmetrical equilibrium being symmetry axis with the motor rotation axis, and the right magnet limbs property of adjacent permanent magnetism salient pole is different; The right salient pole axial width of field excitation salient pole is in opposite directions on right salient pole axial width of permanent magnetism salient pole and the stator on the rotor; And during the rotor rotation, by permanent magnetism salient pole on the rotor rotation facade perpendicular to rotation axis that each salient pole forms is overlapped the facade perpendicular to rotation axis that each salient pole constituted with the stator excitation salient pole, the stator excitation salient pole equates with the center of circle angle of rotor permanent magnetism salient pole to two permanent magnetism salient pole radial centre lines the center of circle angle of two salient pole radial centre lines; In case certain permanent magnetism salient pole overlaps the radial centre lines of any one field excitation salient pole on the radial centre lines of salient pole and the stator to salient pole on the rotor; The position transducer that is individually fixed on rotor and the stator promptly produces a signal, and this signal makes this radial centre lines overlap the right magnet exciting coil of field excitation salient pole by the control program cut-off current that is provided with through excitation control power supply, imports reverse current immediately; Even this radial centre lines overlaps the magnetic polarity change of field excitation salient pole to salient pole; And other field excitation salient pole remains unchanged to the magnet exciting coil electric current, overlaps with the radial centre lines of permanent magnetism salient pole to salient pole up to the radial centre lines of another field excitation salient pole to salient pole occurring, and this process moves in circles.
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CN106716091A (en) * 2014-09-15 2017-05-24 赛峰电子与防务公司 Inductive rotation sensor with improved accuracy
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CN110364376A (en) * 2018-03-26 2019-10-22 施耐德电器工业公司 Double power supply automatic transfer switch and its rotating driver
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CN110752681A (en) * 2018-12-08 2020-02-04 韦翔 U-shaped pole permanent magnet motor
WO2023179408A1 (en) * 2021-09-16 2023-09-28 左大虎 High-speed bearing

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