CN102545221B - Full-active dynamic harmonic suppression and reactive compensation system used for direct current motor-driven drilling machines - Google Patents

Full-active dynamic harmonic suppression and reactive compensation system used for direct current motor-driven drilling machines Download PDF

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CN102545221B
CN102545221B CN201110085650.7A CN201110085650A CN102545221B CN 102545221 B CN102545221 B CN 102545221B CN 201110085650 A CN201110085650 A CN 201110085650A CN 102545221 B CN102545221 B CN 102545221B
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active dynamic
current
reactive
harmonic
power
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CN102545221A (en
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李国建
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SHANGHAI HUADUN PETROLEUM ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
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SHANGHAI HUADUN PETROLEUM ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30Reactive power compensation
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/40Arrangements for reducing harmonics

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Abstract

The invention relates to a full-active dynamic harmonic suppression and reactive compensation system used for direct current motor-driven drilling machines, which resolves the problems of lower power factor, unstable voltage, high harmonic content and the like of direct current drilling machines and alternating current drilling machines which utilizing grid electricity or a generator for power supply in the oil drilling and exploiting industry. The system combines the modern power electronic theory and actual application, utilizes an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) to serve as a power element to replace the existing capacitor and inductor frequently used in passive reactive compensation, utilizes a high speed digital signal processor (DSP) microprocessor for calculation and controls a device to provide needed reactive power and restraining harmonic current. The system can conduct quick and continuous compensation on reactive power and harmonic current with mutational capacity and can overcome the shortcoming that traditional reactive compensators and filters like an LC compensator are small in response speed, cannot accurately control compensation effect, and are apt to generate parallel connection resonance and switching oscillating with a power grid and the like. The device can effectively improve power grid stability, restrain harmonic current, improve system power factor and can be applied to petroleum, chemical engineering, railway, smelting, airports and the like in a large amount.

Description

Full active dynamic harmonic for direct current electric drilling machine suppresses and reactive compensation system
Technical field
The present invention and a kind of full active dynamic harmonic suppress and reactive compensation system, specifically refer to that a kind of full active dynamic harmonic for direct current electric drilling machine suppresses and reactive compensation system, refer to that especially the full active dynamic harmonic moving suppresses and the device of reactive-load dynamic compensation in oil electric drilling machine, belong to the technical field of power electronics.
Background technology
What in prior art, main circuit of direct current electric drilling machine all adopted is SCR silicon controlled rectifier DC speed regulation (6 pulsation current transformer), on-the-spot load is mainly motor, the induction equipments such as transformer, rig is in actual production is used, System Reactive Power power demand is very large, particularly, in the time of the motor slow-speed of revolution, large current work, the power factor of system only has 0.4 left and right conventionally.In the time that scene is diesel-electric set electric supply, often, due to the restriction of diesel generating set apparent power, can only take to open diesel generating set more, multicomputer improves side by side generating capacity and meets the requirement of equipment to load or burden without work; In the time that scene power supply is taken at net electricity, can, because system power factor is low, not reach the requirement of electric power system to power factor, Utilities Electric Co. can additionally add reactive measurement expense.This situation has increased energy resource consumption, has reduced economic benefit.
SCR silicon controlled rectifying system produces larger harmonic wave simultaneously, and harm is very serious.Harmonic wave makes the equipment in electrical network produce additional harmonic loss, has reduced the efficiency of generating, transmission of electricity and power consumption equipment.Harmonic wave can affect the normal work of various electric equipments, makes device of overheating of electrical, produces vibration and noise, and make ageing of insulation, reduction of service life, even breaks down or burns, and causes huge economic loss.Harmonic wave can cause the local parallel resonance of electric power system and series resonance, and harmonic wave is amplified, and causes the damage of the equipment such as capacitor.Harmonic wave also can cause the misoperation of relaying protection and automatics, and electric energy metrical is caused confusion.
Therefore, the inhibition of the harmonic wave of direct current rig power systems and reactive power compensation problem have become industrial hot spot.Administer direct current rig power systems and pollute, reduce and eliminate the Harmfulness Caused by Harmonics of electrical network, reduce energy resource consumption, saving resource, has become the key subjects that direct current electric drilling machine electric power system research field faces.
Designer of the present invention, through continuous experimental study, finally develops the present invention and suppresses and reactive compensation system for the full active dynamic harmonic of direct current electric drilling machine, in oil electric drilling machine technology.
Summary of the invention
For solving the defect of above-mentioned prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide the full active dynamic harmonic of direct current electric drilling machine of the problems such as a kind of solution direct current electric drilling machine power factor (PF) is low, and reactive power consumption is large, and harmonic distortion is serious to suppress and reactive compensation system.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
The full active dynamic harmonic of a kind of direct current electric drilling machine suppresses and reactive compensation system, this system comprises: SCR controls room 2, net electric power distribution room 3 or generating set 4, described net electricity power distribution room 3 or the output cable of generating set 4 are connected respectively to two groups of ends of incoming cables of switching cabinet 5, on the cable between described switching cabinet 5 and SCR control room 2, Current Transmit is set, or, on the cable between described generating set 4 and SCR control room 2, Current Transmit is set, control between room 2 and the electric power distribution room 3 of net or be provided with full active harmonics between SCR control room 2 and one group of generator 4 at SCR and suppress and reactive-load dynamic compensation control station 1, described full active dynamic harmonic suppresses and the control of reactive power compensating station 1 offers line window 11, described SCR control room 2 offers incoming line 21, and full active dynamic harmonic suppresses and the control of reactive power compensating station 1 is connected with the equipment in SCR control room 2 through line window 11, incoming line 21 by power cable 13, described full active dynamic harmonic suppresses and the control of reactive power compensating station 1 is connected with Current Transmit through line window 11 by signal cable 14, described switching cabinet 5 summation current transformer CT pass through power cable, are connected with SCR control room 2 through incoming line 21.
The full active dynamic harmonic of described direct current electric drilling machine suppresses and reactive compensation system, and described full active dynamic harmonic suppresses and the control of reactive power compensating station 1 comprises: monitoring switch cabinet 10, air-conditioning 12, active dynamic harmonic suppress filter cabinet APF and active dynamic reactive compensation control cubicle SVG; Described generating set 4 is connected with the feeder ear of monitoring switch cabinet 10 by K switch, generating set 4 is connected with the signal receiving end of monitoring switch cabinet 10 by Current Transmit, and described monitoring switch cabinet 10 is powered, and output suppresses filter cabinet APF by main busbar, K switch by active dynamic harmonic and active dynamic reactive compensation control cubicle SVG is connected in parallel; Described Current Transmit, by the signal of sampling, is transferred to monitoring switch cabinet 10, active dynamic harmonic inhibition filter cabinet APF, active dynamic reactive compensation control cubicle SVG, and this signal is connected; The circuit that all active dynamic harmonics suppress filter cabinet APF and active dynamic reactive compensation control cubicle SVG is connected on main busbar by copper bar; In described line window 11, be provided with explosion-proof connector, described SCR controls room 2 and comprises load SCR.
The full active dynamic harmonic of described direct current electric drilling machine suppresses and reactive compensation system, described monitoring switch cabinet 10 adopts mechano-electronic linkage control system, and described active dynamic harmonic suppresses to be connected without cable copper bar by a circuit between filter cabinet APF and active dynamic reactive compensation control cubicle SVG; It is main that described load SCR adopts direct current speeder to drive the powerful device at oil drilling scene.
The full active dynamic harmonic of described direct current electric drilling machine suppresses and reactive compensation system, this system is also provided with air-conditioning unit 12, air channel 15, mechanical activity handle 16, described air channel 15 is arranged on a side of air-conditioning unit 12, air-conditioning unit 12 is divided into indoor set and off-premises station, indoor set is divided into again the first air conditioner and the second air conditioner, air channel 15 comprises 3 ducting systems that both sides blast pipe and bottom air inlet pipe form, described mechanical activity handle 16 connects a butterfly valve, by opening or closing of butterfly valve, select the on off state of the first air conditioner and the second air conditioner, by explosion-proof connector sampled signal, be integrated in storehouse, insulation side.
The full active dynamic harmonic of described direct current electric drilling machine suppresses and reactive compensation system, sampled signal is integrated into monitoring switch cabinet 10 by described Current Transmit, the Current Transmit signal that described active dynamic harmonic suppresses filter cabinet APF and active dynamic reactive compensation control cubicle SVG branches away from monitoring switch cabinet 10, be connected in series to each active dynamic harmonic and suppress filter cabinet APF and active dynamic reactive compensation control cubicle SVG, Current Transmit is analog signals, this signal is integrated into monitoring switch cabinet 10 from each active dynamic harmonic inhibition filter cabinet APF and active dynamic reactive compensation control cubicle SVG, described active dynamic harmonic suppresses filter cabinet APF and active dynamic reactive compensation control cubicle SVG is integrated into monitoring switch cabinet 10 by RS485 connection by signal.
The full active dynamic harmonic of described direct current electric drilling machine suppresses and reactive compensation system, active dynamic harmonic suppresses filter cabinet APF and comprises: reactor L, PWM current tracking control drive circuit, IGBT circuit, one group of Current Transmit, this Current Transmit is arranged between reactor L and main busbar, and reactor L is connected on a miniature circuit breaker, then is parallel to by the outlet copper bar of miniature circuit breaker on the main busbar in full active dynamic harmonic inhibition and reactive power compensation room; Obtain sampled signal from Current Transmit, be transferred to the system that instruction current calculates, carry out the analysis of data, calculate, thereby give the control drive circuit signal of corresponding PWM current tracking, thereby drive the angle of flow of IGBT, the electric current of output filtering mains by harmonics and reactive power outputs to main busbar after reactor L; And output current Current Transformer CT sampling to IGBT, feed back on the control drive circuit of PWM current tracking and form closed loop, accurately to control output current.
The full active dynamic harmonic of described direct current electric drilling machine suppresses and reactive compensation system, active dynamic reactive compensation control cubicle SVG comprises: reactor L, PWM current tracking control drive circuit, IGBT circuit, one group of Current Transmit, this Current Transmit is arranged between reactor L and main busbar, and reactor L is connected on a miniature circuit breaker, then is parallel to by the outlet copper bar of miniature circuit breaker on the main busbar in full active dynamic harmonic inhibition and reactive power compensation room; To be directly parallel on electrical network by reactor from commutation bridge circuit, regulate phase place and the amplitude of bridge circuit AC output voltage or directly control its ac-side current, just can make this circuit absorb or send the reactive current meeting the demands, realize the object of dynamic passive compensation.
The full active dynamic harmonic of described direct current electric drilling machine suppresses and reactive compensation system, and described main busbar is 600V bus, nets electric power distribution room 3 or generating set 4 and drops into 600V bus by the double-throw switch that switches cabinet; The intelligent switch that active dynamic harmonic inhibition filter cabinet APF and active dynamic reactive compensation control cubicle SVG are connected to monitoring switch cabinet 10 by copper bar drops into 600V bus; Load SCR using electricity system directly drops into 600V bus.
Use beneficial effect of the present invention to be:
(1) improved the power factor of power consumption equipment on electrical network, the power factor of whole system reaches more than 0.93;
(2) reduce equipment power supply capacity, reduced the investment of equipment;
(3) reduce equipment and line loss, improved security of system;
(4) reduce the pressure drop of circuit and transformer, stablized voltage ripple of power network;
(5) most of harmonic wave on filtering electrical network;
(6) not can with electrical network generation parallel resonance;
(7) insensitive to mains frequency fluctuation;
(8) equipment volitional check output current, can not burn because of overcurrent;
(9) step-less adjustment, there will not be overcompensation;
(10) fast response time, the response time :≤5ms;
(11) own loss is low.
DC speed regulation drives oil-well rig (D type rig) due to load characteristic and good speed adjustment features, cost is moderate, be widely used in oil drilling industry, because system is silicon controlled rectifier DC speed regulation, main load is winch, rotating disk, slush pump, alternating current machine etc., therefore system has following features:
(1) reactive current is large; Idle variation is fast
(2) power factor is low; Load variations is large
(3) voltage fluctuation is large; Voltage distortion rate is high
(4) current harmonics is large; Aberration rate is high
Have product-derived contrast to adopt the compensation arrangement of passive device to have following advantage:
(1) not can with electrical network generation parallel resonance; (adopt the compensation arrangement of passive device in the time making a trip, can burn equipment of itself, even also can burn various other power consumption equipments such as instrument, low voltage product on electrical network, device security coefficient reduces greatly, increased maintenance cost, this has product-derived completely without this risk)
(2) insensitive to mains frequency fluctuation;
(3) equipment volitional check output current, can not burn because of overcurrent;
(4) step-less adjustment, there will not be overcompensation; Technology is reliable, failure rate is low.
(5) fast response time; (adopt the compensation arrangement of passive device in the time making a trip, response speed is slow, and can not step-less adjustment, and frequent mistake mends or owe to mend, and unit trip often occurs, the phenomenon such as burns, and even can not use, and is not suitable with the oil field operating mode that makes a trip completely).
(6) own loss is low, accounts for 2%; (adopt the compensation arrangement own loss of passive device to be greater than 15%, economize on electricity not obvious; Compare in adopting the compensation arrangement of passive device, this has product-derived power savings obvious, and economize more than 150,000 yuan every month than the compensation arrangement more piece of passive device, 1 year more piece economize more than 1,800,000 yuan.)
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 be the full active dynamic harmonic of direct current electric drilling machine of the present invention suppress and reactive compensation system at the arrangement schematic diagram in well site;
Fig. 2 is that in Fig. 1, the full active dynamic harmonic of direct current electric drilling machine suppresses and the circuit theory diagrams of reactive compensation system;
Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of the full active dynamic harmonic inhibition of the present invention and reactive compensation system;
Fig. 4 is the equivalent circuit diagram that active dynamic harmonic of the present invention suppresses filter cabinet APF;
Fig. 5 is the fundamental diagram that active dynamic harmonic of the present invention suppresses filter cabinet APF;
Fig. 6 is the equivalent schematic diagram of APF of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the fundamental diagram of SVG of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is air passage portion structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the principle instruction sheets that provided tri-kinds of operational modes of SVG in the present invention;
Grid side reactive power change curve when Figure 10 is compensation arrangement excision of the present invention;
Grid side power factor change curve chart when Figure 11 is compensation arrangement excision of the present invention;
Grid side current effective value change curve when Figure 12 compensation arrangement excision of the present invention;
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, describe the present invention by reference to the accompanying drawings.
As Fig. 1, shown in Fig. 8, the full active dynamic harmonic of a kind of direct current electric drilling machine suppresses and reactive compensation system, this system comprises: SCR controls room 2, net electric power distribution room 3 or generating set 4, described net electricity power distribution room 3 or the output cable of generating set 4 are connected respectively to two groups of ends of incoming cables of switching cabinet 5, on the cable between described switching cabinet 5 and SCR control room 2, Current Transmit is set, or, on the cable between described generating set 4 and SCR control room 2, Current Transmit is set, explanation around here: net electric power distribution room 3 and only can select one work with generating set 4, switch access way for convenience and switching cabinet is set, when each selection supply power mode, only can select separately one.According to having explained respectively this two kinds of connected modes in figure, the output cable of described generating set 4 is connected with Current Transmit, the output cable that switches cabinet 5 is connected with Current Transmit, controls between room 2 and the electric power distribution room 3 of net or is provided with full active harmonics between SCR control room 2 and one group of generator 4 suppress and reactive-load dynamic compensation control station 1 at SCR; Described full active dynamic harmonic suppresses and the control of reactive power compensating station 1 offers line window 11, described SCR control room 2 offers incoming line 21, and full active dynamic harmonic suppresses and the control of reactive power compensating station 1 is connected with the equipment in SCR control room 2 through line window 11, incoming line 21 by power cable 13; Described full active dynamic harmonic suppresses and the control of reactive power compensating station 1 is connected with Current Transmit through line window 11 by signal cable 14; Described switching cabinet 5 summation current transformer CT pass through power cable, are connected with SCR control room 2 through incoming line 21; As shown in Figure 8, this system is also provided with air-conditioning unit 12, air channel 15, mechanical activity handle 16, described air channel 15 is arranged on a side of air-conditioning unit 12, air-conditioning unit 12 is divided into indoor set and off-premises station, indoor set is divided into again the first air conditioner and the second air conditioner, air channel 15 comprises 3 ducting systems that both sides blast pipe and bottom air inlet pipe form, described mechanical activity handle 16 connects a butterfly valve, by opening or closing of butterfly valve, select the on off state of the first air conditioner and the second air conditioner, by explosion-proof connector sampled signal, be integrated in storehouse, insulation side; As shown in modular construction in Fig. 8, when air-conditioning 1 is not in working order time, butterfly valve is in closed condition, its corresponding air channel state in the wind that do not circulate, and now air-conditioning 2 is in work, and butterfly valve is in opening, the state of its corresponding air channel in the wind that can circulate.
As shown in Figure 2, in the full active dynamic harmonic inhibition of described direct current electric drilling machine and reactive compensation system, described full active dynamic harmonic suppresses and the control of reactive power compensating station 1 comprises: monitoring switch cabinet 10, air-conditioning 12, active dynamic harmonic suppress filter cabinet APF and active dynamic reactive compensation control cubicle SVG; Described generating set 4 is connected with the feeder ear of monitoring switch cabinet 10 by K switch, generating set 4 is connected with the signal receiving end of monitoring switch cabinet 10 by Current Transmit, and described monitoring switch cabinet 10 is powered, and output suppresses filter cabinet APF by main busbar, K switch by active dynamic harmonic and active dynamic reactive compensation control cubicle SVG is connected in parallel; Described Current Transmit, by the signal of sampling, is transferred to monitoring switch cabinet 10, active dynamic harmonic inhibition filter cabinet APF, active dynamic reactive compensation control cubicle SVG, and this signal is connected; The circuit that all active dynamic harmonics suppress filter cabinet APF and active dynamic reactive compensation control cubicle SVG is connected on main busbar by copper bar; In described line window 11, be provided with explosion-proof connector, described SCR controls room 2 and comprises load SCR.Described monitoring switch cabinet 10 adopts mechano-electronic linkage control system, and described active dynamic harmonic suppresses to be connected without cable copper bar by a circuit between filter cabinet APF and active dynamic reactive compensation control cubicle SVG; It is main that described load SCR adopts direct current speeder to drive the powerful device at oil drilling scene.
As shown in Figure 3, the full active dynamic harmonic of described direct current electric drilling machine suppresses and reactive compensation system, sampled signal is integrated into monitoring switch cabinet 10 by described Current Transmit, the Current Transmit signal that described active dynamic harmonic suppresses filter cabinet APF and active dynamic reactive compensation control cubicle SVG branches away from monitoring switch cabinet 10, be connected in series to each active dynamic harmonic and suppress filter cabinet APF and active dynamic reactive compensation control cubicle SVG, Current Transmit is analog signals, this signal is integrated into monitoring switch cabinet 10 from each active dynamic harmonic inhibition filter cabinet APF and active dynamic reactive compensation control cubicle SVG, described active dynamic harmonic suppresses filter cabinet APF and active dynamic reactive compensation control cubicle SVG is integrated into monitoring switch cabinet 10 by RS485 connection by signal.
As shown in Figure 4, active dynamic harmonic suppresses filter cabinet APF and comprises: reactor L, PWM current tracking control drive circuit, IGBT circuit, one group of Current Transmit, this Current Transmit is arranged between reactor L and main busbar, and reactor L is connected on a miniature circuit breaker, then is parallel to by the outlet copper bar of miniature circuit breaker on the main busbar in full active dynamic harmonic inhibition and reactive power compensation room; Obtain sampled signal from Current Transmit, be transferred to the system that instruction current calculates, carry out the analysis of data, calculate, thereby give the control drive circuit signal of corresponding PWM current tracking, thereby drive the angle of flow of IGBT, the electric current of output filtering mains by harmonics and reactive power outputs to main busbar after reactor L; And output current Current Transformer CT sampling to IGBT, feed back on the control drive circuit of PWM current tracking and form closed loop, accurately to control output current.
The structure principle chart of active dynamic reactive compensation control cubicle SVG is identical with active dynamic harmonic inhibition filter cabinet APF, as Fig. 4, comprise: reactor L, PWM current tracking control drive circuit, IGBT circuit, one group of Current Transmit, this Current Transmit is arranged between reactor L and main busbar, reactor L is connected on a miniature circuit breaker, then is parallel to by the outlet copper bar of miniature circuit breaker on the main busbar in full active dynamic harmonic inhibition and reactive power compensation room; Its difference is, its main operational program, control mode difference, and components and parts are selected model difference; To be directly parallel on electrical network by reactor from commutation bridge circuit, regulate phase place and the amplitude of bridge circuit AC output voltage or directly control its ac-side current, just can make this circuit absorb or send the reactive current meeting the demands, realize the object of dynamic passive compensation.
The full active dynamic harmonic of described direct current electric drilling machine suppresses and reactive compensation system, and described main busbar is 600V bus, nets electric power distribution room 3 or generating set 4 and drops into 600V bus by the double-throw switch that switches cabinet; The intelligent switch that active dynamic harmonic inhibition filter cabinet APF and active dynamic reactive compensation control cubicle SVG are connected to monitoring switch cabinet 10 by copper bar drops into 600V bus; Load SCR using electricity system directly drops into 600V bus.
As Fig. 5, for the fundamental diagram of active dynamic harmonic inhibition filter cabinet APF of the present invention, compared with passive filter, Active Power Filter-APF APF has high controllability and fast-response, can not only compensate each harmonic, also can suppress flickering, compensating reactive power, have the feature of one-machine-multi-function, its concrete feature is as follows: filtering characteristic is not subject to the impact of system impedance, can eliminate the danger with system impedance generation resonance; There is adaptation function, the harmonic wave can automatic tracking and compensating changing.By detecting by the current instantaneous value of target compensation, draw the command signal of harmonic compensation current through instruction current computing circuit, control current transformer and produce needed offset current.Resonance Wave Composition and the reactive current that in offset current and load current, will compensate offset, the final source current of expecting that obtains.The equivalent circuit diagram of its compensation harmonic as shown in Figure 6, can obtain from figure, and the harmonic current of grid side can be written as:
I · sh = I · Lh - I · ch
As long as control the output current of Active Power Filter-APF it is met can make the harmonic current of grid side
The general principle of static reacance generator SVG refers to and will be directly parallel on electrical network by reactor from commutation bridge circuit, suitably regulate phase place and the amplitude of bridge circuit AC output voltage or directly control its ac-side current, just can make this circuit absorb or send the reactive current meeting the demands, realize the object of dynamic passive compensation.As Fig. 7, be the fundamental diagram of SVG, regard system as a voltage source, SVG can regard a controllable voltage source as, and linked reactor can equivalence become a linear impedance component.Fig. 9 is the principle instruction sheets that provided tri-kinds of operational modes of SVG in the present invention.
2) SVG technical characterstic
Traditional reactive power compensator is realized reactive power compensation by control capacittance or inductance, although be widely used, has the problems such as resonance, response time is slow.
SVG is the most advanced at present reactive power compensator, and it no longer adopts jumbo electric capacity, inductance component, but realizes the conversion of quadergy by the HF switch of device for high-power power electronic, thereby makes reactive power compensation technology produce qualitative leap:
(1) response speed is faster
The SVG response time :≤5ms.
SVG can complete the mutual conversion from specified capacitive reactive power to specified lagging reactive power within the extremely short time, and this unrivaled response speed can be competent at the compensation of impact load completely.
(2) fail safe is higher
SVG operation time is controlled as current source, does not exist and the possibility of system impedance generation resonance, and fail safe is higher.
(3) compensate function variation
Use same set of SVG device, can realize different multiple compensate functions: compensating load is idle; Compensating load harmonic wave; Compensating load imbalance; Simultaneously idle, the harmonic wave of compensating load and imbalance;
(4) harmonic content is extremely low
SVG has adopted PWM technology and multiple technology, and compared with TCR type SVC, harmonic content is extremely low, can not produce secondary pollution to electrical network.
(5) floor space is less
SVG adopts direct PWM Current Control Technology, and its output current wave and phase place are completely controlled, and SVG can move in specified perception in the scope of specified capacitive.Owing to doing energy-storage travelling wave tube without jumbo capacitor and reactor, the floor space maximum of SVG only has 50% of same capability SVC.
Sichuan drilling company rig mains supply, through on-the-spot test total voltage harmonic wave THDV > 28%, mains by harmonics electric current THDI > 25%, system power factor are at (0.37-0.57), do not drop into before this equipment, the idle fine number of monthly paying is 370,000-550,000.Drop into after this equipment because power factor (PF) rises to more than 0.9, the electricity charge monthly only hand over meritorious meterage to use.Total voltage harmonic wave, total harmonic current value 16% left and right that declined, has improved the quality of power supply greatly.
According to the on-the-spot ruuning situation of operation, this device has fine tracking effect for the occasion of load rapid fluctuations.Grid side reactive power, electric current and power factor change curve while excision for compensation arrangement as shown in Figure 10 to Figure 12.
Can be found out to Figure 12 by Figure 10, after compensation arrangement is out of service, each phase reactive power increases to 530kvar by 150kvar, and power factor is down to 0.55 left and right by 0.93, and current effective value increases to 1900A left and right by 1100A left and right.
Pass through practical study, grasp the idle characteristic such as the size of generation, formation and amount and the size of the origin cause of formation of harmonic distortion and each harmonic of direct current electric drilling machine, carry out the research that reactive power compensation and harmonic wave suppress technical scheme, design and manufactured 1 cover model machine and throw in on-the-spot trying out, obtained good reactive power compensation and harmonic suppression effect.Main achievement is as follows
(1), by long on-the-spot tracking and testing, grasp direct current electric drilling machine electrical operation parameter, power factor scope is: 0.3-0.8, average power factor < 0.55, the actual maximum active power occurring is 2200KW, maximum reactive power is 2150KVAR, has nearly 70% production time power factor < 0.6; When using diesel-electric set electric supply, when load changing, frequency range is at the upper and lower maximum 2Hz that changes of 50Hz; The total harmonic voltage aberration rate of system is at 20%-28%, and total harmonic current aberration rate is at 20%-25%, the nearly 600A of the total harmonic current maximum of extreme case; The total harmonic current aberration rate of diesel-electric set electric supply and mains supply is suitable, and under total harmonic voltage aberration rate same case, diesel-electric set electric supply is slightly larger than mains supply.
(2), preferably the technical scheme that suppresses of direct current electric drilling machine reactive power compensation and harmonic wave. because oil drilling platform mains by harmonics content is large, load variations is large, current fluctuation is fast, reactive current is large, power factor is low, current distortion rate is high, system short circuit capacity is little, voltage distortion rate is high, traditional Passive Reactive Power Compensation and harmonic treating apparatus are realized reactive power compensation by control capacittance or inductance, although be widely used, but there is system resonance, response time is slow, the problems such as element failure rate high (harmonic environment), in oil electric drilling machine distribution system, use and have its great security risk.For this reason, by scheme contrast demonstration repeatedly, can implement in line with advanced technology, safe and reliable, principle on original system equipment without impact, large in conjunction with drilling crew's field construction mobility, frequently resettlement, safeguard constant feature, last preferred full active harmonics and reactive-load dynamic compensation control program (APF+SVG).
(3) Theoretical Design, advanced development and the field experiment of active harmonics and reactive-load dynamic compensation system, have been completed.Model machine scene is stable, safeguards that simply power factor (PF) reaches 0.9, and total harmonic current aberration rate declines more than 50%.
Embodiment 1
Provide one group of active power filtering and Reactive Compensation Device below, do not drop into and put into operation, be i.e. the monitoring physical record data of net side power status before and after compensation.
1) net side apparent power
The total apparent power of three-phase; 1765kVA before compensation, 1042kVA after compensation.
2) active power
951.9kW before total active power compensation, 978.4kW after compensation.
3) net side reactive power
1486.0kvar before the total reactive power compensation of three-phase, 357.7kvar after compensation.
4)cosΦ
A compensates front cos Φ=0.524 (lower-left sidelight mark ordinate value Y1:524) mutually
A compensates rear cos Φ=0.947 (upper right side cursor ordinate value Y2:947) mutually
B compensates front cos Φ=0.574 (lower-left sidelight mark ordinate value Y1:574) mutually
B compensates rear cos Φ=0.939 (upper right side cursor ordinate value Y2:939) mutually
C compensates front cos Φ=0.548 (lower-left sidelight mark ordinate value Y1:548) mutually
C compensates rear cos Φ=0.932 (upper right side cursor ordinate value Y2:932) mutually
5)PF
A compensates front PF=0.489 (lower-left sidelight mark ordinate value Y1:489) mutually
A compensates rear PF=0.854 (upper right side cursor ordinate value Y2:854) mutually
B compensates front PF=0.512 (lower-left sidelight mark ordinate value Y1:512) mutually
B compensates rear PF=0.820 (upper right side cursor ordinate value Y2:820) mutually
C compensates front PF=0.510 (lower-left sidelight mark ordinate value Y1:510) mutually
C compensates rear PF=0.851 (upper right side cursor ordinate value Y2:851) mutually
The total PF:C of three-phase compensates front PF=0.504 mutually; C compensates rear PF=0.844 mutually
6) electric current
A compensates front 1.928kA mutually, 1.081kA after compensation.
B compensates front 1.817kA mutually, 885.5A after compensation.
C compensates front 1.892kA mutually, 1.205kA after compensation.
7) voltage
A compensates front 329.1V mutually, 359.8V after compensation.
B compensates front 330.3V mutually, 358.6V after compensation.
C compensates front 328.7V mutually, 359.2V after compensation.
8) FLUKE43B screen test data photo (not to idle compensating fundamental wave) before and after harmonic compensation
Harmonic compensation effect: total harmonic current aberration rate (THDi) declines approximately: 15%
Can find out from above experiment, drop into after reactive compensation system, electrical network apparent power, reactive power, three-phase current, harmonic wave total content etc. all significantly decrease, and system power factor has brought up to 0.94, and total active power has only increased 26.5KW, account for 2.78% of gross power.Above experimental result meets project expection requirement substantially.
Embodiment 2
Reactive power compensation and harmonic suppression apparatus are after advanced development completes, in Chongqing, drilling company drilling team has carried out type approval test, test is mainly carried out the in the situation that of the power supply of net electricity, under diesel-electric set electric supply environment, complete active power filtering and Reactive Compensation Device technical indicator and the performance test under various operating modes.
The data that we provide according to on-site actual situations and test data and equipment vendors are below carried out economic analysis:
(1) master data of economic analysis foundation
(a) CAT3512B type diesel generating set technical parameter: S=1771kVA, P=1240Kw, COS α=0.7; The well matched 3-4 platform of ZJ70-4500D rig one diesel generating set;
(b) CAT3512B diesel generating set power and the oil consumption characteristic table of comparisons
(c) on-site generated power unit service condition: before not using reactive power compensation and harmonic suppression apparatus, power factor scope is: 0.3-0.8, average power factor approximately 0.5, because power factor (PF) is low, reactive current is large, cause generator heating serious, load capacity 700Kw left and right when field condition is the use of monomotor group; In the time that load exceedes 700KW (sometimes even 500KW), scene is all usually to start two electric set electric supplies.
(2) harmonic wave suppresses and the economic benefit of reactive power compensation harmonic suppression apparatus after coming into operation
(a) factor booster is after > 0.9, and more than monomotor group load capacity will reach 1116Kw, load capacity has improved 416kw; More than the load capacity that active load ability has improved nearly 60%, two generating set can improve 832kw, 3 generating sets of equivalent uncompensation.Therefore in the time that rig is supporting, can purchase less 1 CAT3512B type diesel generating set, reduce the input of fixed assets, approximately 3,600,000 yuan of market values, if within 120 months, calculate by depreciation in 10 years, monthly also can reduce by the depreciation of equipment of 30,000 yuan.
(b) reduce the usage quantity of generating set, thereby reduced diesel consumption.Fuel-economizing situation analysis is as follows.
In the time not carrying out reactive power compensation, due in the time that load is greater than 700KW, need newly-increased 1 the CAT3512B type diesel generating set paired running that starts, now 2 diesel generating set active loads are 350KW (calculating with 700Kw), and correspondence is found oil consumption and is about 234.51g/KW.h; Use after reactive power compensation, because power factor (PF) brings up to 0.9, the load capacity of generating set improves, in the time need only using a generating set, when load > 700Kw, corresponding oil consumption is about 209.82g/KW.h, calculates thus and uses the poor 24.69g/KW.h of being of reactive power compensation front and back oil consumption.Therefore using 1 day can fuel-economizing 24.69 × 700 × 24/1000=415kg.
Detect through field test, block special 3512B diesel generating set and in the time of rated speed 1500rpm no-load running, survey consumption diesel oil 24.9kg/h, as can be seen here start a diesel generating set more, though the bringing onto load 24.9kg diesel oil that also will consume per hour not, one day oil consumption 598kg.
More than add up to the every day can fuel-economizing 1013kg, diesel oil calculates by 6.5 yuan/kg, can reduce by the diesel oil expense expenditure of 6584.50 yuan every day, monthly can produce the direct economic benefit of 19.7 ten thousand yuan.
After use reactive power compensation and harmonic suppression apparatus, reduce the starting quantity of diesel generating set, thereby reduce the maintenance work amount of diesel power generation unit, the consumption of lubricating oil and spare and accessory parts, diesel generating set wearing and tearing are reduced, in the useful life that has extended equipment, economic benefit is as follows by statistics:
(1) use less generating set, equipment overhaul cost reduces 6048 yuan/month;
The overhaul life of CAT3512B diesel generating set is 30000 hours, and overhaul cost is generally 360,000 yuan of left and right, and average every operation overhaul cost of 1 hour is 12 yuan.The annual running time of every chassis be about 6048=24 × 30 × 12 × 0.7 (hour), therefore save every year overhaul expense and be about 72576 yuan, be on average monthly 6048 yuan.
(2) use less generating set, approximately 4646 yuan/month of few more oil changes;
The CAT3512B diesel generating set oil change cycle is 250 hours, need every year to change 24.2 times, each 180 liters, need altogether 4356 liters of lubricating oil, approximately 12.8 yuan/liter of CAT generating set lubricating oil market prices, therefore lubricating oil can be saved 12.8 × 4356/12=4646 unit/moon
(3) use generating set, reduce spare and accessory parts consumption (being mainly machine oil, diesel oil, air filtering core, cooling fluid and other maintenance cost) 2100 yuan/month.
More than add up to 12794 yuan/month
Comprehensive above economic analysis is known, under use diesel-electric set electric supply environment, uses reactive power compensation and harmonic suppression apparatus, monthly can produce the economic benefit of approximately 23.8 ten thousand yuan.
More than explanation is just illustrative for the purpose of the present invention; and nonrestrictive, those of ordinary skill in the art understand, in the case of not departing from the spirit and scope that claim limits; can make many amendments, variation or equivalence, but within all will falling into protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. the full active dynamic harmonic of direct current electric drilling machine suppresses and reactive compensation system, this system comprises: SCR controls room (2), net electric power distribution room (3) or generating set (4), described net electricity power distribution room (3) or the output cable of generating set (4) are connected respectively to two groups of ends of incoming cables of switching cabinet (5), on the cable between described switching cabinet (5) and SCR control room (2), the first Current Transmit is set, it is characterized in that: control between room (2) and the electric power distribution room of net (3) or be provided with full active harmonics between SCR control room (2) and one group of generator (4) at SCR and suppress and reactive-load dynamic compensation control station (1), described full active dynamic harmonic suppresses and the control of reactive power compensating station (1) offers line window (11), described SCR control room (2) offers incoming line (21), and full active dynamic harmonic suppresses and the control of reactive power compensating station (1) is connected with the equipment in SCR control room (2) through line window (11), incoming line (21) by power cable (13), described full active dynamic harmonic suppresses and the control of reactive power compensating station (1) is connected with the first Current Transmit through line window (11) by signal cable (14), described switching cabinet (5) and the first Current Transmit are by power cable, be connected with SCR control room (2) through incoming line (21),
Described full active dynamic harmonic suppresses and the control of reactive power compensating station (1) comprising: monitoring switch cabinet (10), air-conditioning (12), active dynamic harmonic suppress filter cabinet APF and active dynamic reactive compensation control cubicle SVG;
Described generating set (4) is connected by the feeder ear of K switch monitoring switch cabinet (10), generating set (4) is connected with the signal receiving end of monitoring switch cabinet (10) by the first Current Transmit, and described monitoring switch cabinet (10) power supply output, by main busbar, K switch, active dynamic harmonic is suppressed to filter cabinet APF and active dynamic reactive compensation control cubicle SVG is connected in parallel;
The first described Current Transmit, by the signal of sampling, is transferred to monitoring switch cabinet (10), active power filtering APF, active dynamic reactive compensation control cubicle SVG, and this signal is connected; A circuit of all active power filtering APF and active dynamic reactive compensation control cubicle SVG is connected on main busbar by copper bar;
In described line window (11), be provided with explosion-proof connector, described SCR controls room (2) and comprises load SCR;
This system is also provided with air-conditioning unit (12), air channel (15), mechanical activity handle (16), described air channel (15) is arranged on a side of air-conditioning unit (12), air-conditioning unit (12) is divided into indoor set and off-premises station, indoor set is divided into again the first air conditioner and the second air conditioner, air channel (15) comprises 3 ducting systems that both sides blast pipe and bottom air inlet pipe form, described mechanical activity handle (16) connects a butterfly valve, by opening or closing of butterfly valve, control the on off state of the first air conditioner and the second air conditioner, by explosion-proof connector sampled signal, be integrated in storehouse, insulation side.
2. the full active dynamic harmonic of direct current electric drilling machine according to claim 1 suppresses and reactive compensation system, it is characterized in that:
Described monitoring switch cabinet (10) adopts mechano-electronic linkage control system, and described active dynamic harmonic suppresses to be connected without cable copper bar by a circuit between filter cabinet APF and active dynamic reactive compensation control cubicle SVG;
It is main that described load SCR adopts direct current speeder to drive the powerful device at oil drilling scene.
3. the full active dynamic harmonic of direct current electric drilling machine according to claim 1 suppresses and reactive compensation system, it is characterized in that:
Sampled signal is integrated into monitoring switch cabinet (10) by the first described Current Transmit, the Current Transmit signal that described active dynamic harmonic suppresses filter cabinet APF and active dynamic reactive compensation control cubicle SVG branches away from monitoring switch cabinet (10), be connected in series to each active dynamic harmonic and suppress filter cabinet APF and active dynamic reactive compensation control cubicle SVG, the first Current Transmit is analog signals, active dynamic harmonic suppresses filter cabinet APF and active dynamic reactive compensation control cubicle SVG is integrated into monitoring switch cabinet (10), described active dynamic harmonic suppresses filter cabinet APF and active dynamic reactive compensation control cubicle SVG is integrated into monitoring switch cabinet (10) by RS485 connection by signal.
4. the full active dynamic harmonic of direct current electric drilling machine according to claim 1 suppresses and reactive compensation system, it is characterized in that:
Active dynamic harmonic suppresses filter cabinet APF and comprises: reactor L, PWM current tracking control drive circuit, IGBT circuit, the second Current Transmit, this second Current Transmit is arranged between reactor L and main busbar, reactor L is connected on a miniature circuit breaker, then is parallel to by the outlet copper bar of miniature circuit breaker on the main busbar in full active dynamic harmonic inhibition and reactive power compensation room;
Obtain sampled signal from the second Current Transmit, be transferred to the system that instruction current calculates, carry out the analysis of data, calculate, thereby give the control drive circuit signal of corresponding PWM current tracking, thereby drive the angle of flow of IGBT, the electric current of output filtering mains by harmonics and reactive power outputs to main busbar after reactor L; And output current Current Transformer CT sampling to IGBT, feed back on the control drive circuit of PWM current tracking and form closed loop, accurately to control output current.
5. the full active dynamic harmonic of direct current electric drilling machine according to claim 1 suppresses and reactive compensation system, it is characterized in that:
Active dynamic reactive compensation control cubicle SVG comprises: reactor L, PWM current tracking control drive circuit, IGBT circuit, the 3rd Current Transmit, the 3rd Current Transmit is arranged between reactor L and main busbar, reactor L is connected on a miniature circuit breaker, then is parallel to by the outlet copper bar of miniature circuit breaker on the main busbar in full active dynamic harmonic inhibition and reactive power compensation room;
To be directly parallel on electrical network by reactor from commutation bridge circuit, regulate phase place and the amplitude of bridge circuit AC output voltage or directly control its ac-side current, just can make this circuit absorb or send the reactive current meeting the demands, realize the object of dynamic passive compensation.
6. the full active dynamic harmonic of direct current electric drilling machine according to claim 1 suppresses and reactive compensation system, it is characterized in that: described main busbar is 600V bus, net electric power distribution room (3) or generating set (4) and drop into 600V bus by the double-throw switch that switches cabinet; The intelligent switch that active dynamic harmonic inhibition filter cabinet APF and active dynamic reactive compensation control cubicle SVG are connected to monitoring switch cabinet (10) by copper bar drops into 600V bus; Load SCR using electricity system directly drops into 600V bus.
CN201110085650.7A 2011-04-06 2011-04-06 Full-active dynamic harmonic suppression and reactive compensation system used for direct current motor-driven drilling machines Expired - Fee Related CN102545221B (en)

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