CN102545174B - Distance back-up protection setting method of ultrahigh voltage circuit - Google Patents

Distance back-up protection setting method of ultrahigh voltage circuit Download PDF

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CN102545174B
CN102545174B CN201210006437.7A CN201210006437A CN102545174B CN 102545174 B CN102545174 B CN 102545174B CN 201210006437 A CN201210006437 A CN 201210006437A CN 102545174 B CN102545174 B CN 102545174B
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protection
section
backup protection
distance
setting
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CN102545174A (en
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李一泉
李银红
王聪
黄明辉
陈志光
曾耿晖
张弛
邱建
朱晓华
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Electric Power Dispatch Control Center of Guangdong Power Grid Co Ltd
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GUANGDONG CENTER OF ELECTRIC DISPATCHING AND TRANSFORMING
Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种超高压线路的距离后备保护整定方法，包括(1)将接地距离后备保护和相间距离后备保护分别进行三段式配置，并使接地距离后备保护各段与相间距离后备保护各段采用相同定值；(2)按可靠躲过区外发生金属性故障对接地距离后备保护I段进行整定，获得接地距离后备保护I段定值和相间距离后备保护I段的定值；(3)对距离后备保护II段和III段，根据基准点将其整定分为基准侧距离后备保护II段或III段的整定和非基准侧距离后备保护II段或III段的整定，分别获得接地距离后备保护III段定值和相间距离后备保护III段的定值。本发明在未降低电网安全风险的前提下，提高了后备保护定值对电网运行方式的适应能力，极大减轻了整定计算的工作量。

The invention discloses a distance backup protection setting method of an ultra-high voltage line, which includes (1) configuring the grounding distance backup protection and the phase-to-phase distance backup protection respectively in three stages, and making each segment of the grounding distance backup protection and the phase-to-phase distance backup protection Each section adopts the same fixed value; (2) Set the I section of the grounding distance backup protection according to the reliable avoidance of metallic faults outside the area, and obtain the fixed value of the I section of the grounding distance backup protection and the I section of the phase-to-phase distance backup protection; (3) For the distance backup protection section II and III, according to the reference point, the setting is divided into the setting of the distance backup protection section II or III on the reference side and the setting of the non-reference side distance backup protection section II or III, respectively. The fixed value of section III of back-up protection of grounding distance and the fixed value of section III of back-up protection of phase-to-phase distance. On the premise of not reducing the safety risk of the power grid, the invention improves the adaptability of the backup protection setting value to the power grid operation mode, and greatly reduces the workload of setting calculation.

Description

A kind of distance back-up protection setting method of ultrahigh voltage circuit
Technical field
The invention belongs to Relay Protection Technology in Power System field, be specifically related to a kind of distance back-up protection setting method of ultrahigh voltage circuit.
Background technology
Relaying protection is one of most important secondary device in electric power system, and the safety to system, stable operation have very crucial effect.Route protection for realizing to the automatic of faulty line and excision isolated fault fast, to ensure the normal operation of personal and device security and fault-free part after electrical network breaks down.The main protection of circuit without time delay tripping circuit breaker, is excised circuit, isolated fault in the time of fault.The backup protection of circuit is at power line main protection, malfunctioning or line-breaker is malfunctioning in the situation that, and the circuit breaker of this circuit of tripping or other circuit is realized the isolation of line fault.The backup protection of circuit is mainly divided into apart from backup protection and zero sequence backup protection.It is the important content of optimizing back-up protection setting method that the back-up protection setting method of adjusting the distance is optimized.
At present; there is many defects in the back-up protection setting method of supertension line (220～500kV), the new method that need to grow with each passing hour is to adapt to the demand of electrical network develop rapidly: the one, and the scheme of existing setting program for all strictly coordinating in definite value with on the time according to " 220～500kV grid relay protective apparatus moves the code of adjusting ".But this code was promulgated the beginning of the nineties in last century, was in China's electrical network generally weaker, in Microcomputer Protection is in the ascendant.Along with quick progress and the maturation of the development of Protection Technology, particularly microcomputer protecting device, main protection is more and more perfect, and the importance of backup protection is greatly reduced, and there is no need to carry out the complicated calculating of adjusting again.The 2nd, along with the fast development of electrical network; electric network composition, changes of operating modes are very rapid; it is very difficult that complicated setting principle makes adjusting of backup protection calculate; cooperation completely between in fact backup protection definite value; more and more be difficult to realize, problem that mismatch or sensitivity are not enough becomes the potential safety hazard of electrical network.
Therefore; existing distance back-up protection setting method is restricting the flexible adjustment of power system operating mode; mismatch between protection definite value, the frequent change of definite value has brought unpredictable potential risk to system, has also increased greatly the computing staff's that adjusts workload simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the invention discloses a kind of distance back-up protection setting method of ultrahigh voltage circuit, do not increasing under the prerequisite of system safety hazards, improve the adaptive capacity that definite value changes electrical network, significantly alleviate the amount of calculation of adjusting.
Method of the present invention comprises the following steps:
1, determine that supertension line is apart from backup protection Overall Configuration Principle, that is:
According to ground distance backup protection and phase spacing backup protection configuration, and be syllogic configuration, ground distance backup protection adopts identical definite value with each section of phase spacing backup protection.
2, carry out adjusting apart from backup protection I section: outside district, metallicity fault occurs and adjust by reliably escaping, the time is got 0S.
3, carry out adjusting apart from backup protection II section: first determine reference side, for the side protection on circuit, if its offside is to have configured the two malfunctioning station ends of two mothers, this side protection can be used as reference side protection; Then, apart from the adjusting of backup protection II section, have sensitivity to adjust by this line end generation metallicity fault for reference side, time delay is fixedly got 0.7S; , coordinate according to optimizing the overall principle apart from the adjusting of backup protection II section for non-reference side.
4, carry out adjusting apart from backup protection III section: first adopt identical method to determine reference side with step 3, then the adjusting apart from backup protection III section for reference side, by minimum load impedance setting corresponding to maximum accident overload electric current that escapes this circuit, and ensureing that this line end generation metallicity fault has 2 times of sensitivity, time delay is fixedly got 3.0S; , coordinate according to optimizing the overall principle apart from the adjusting of backup protection III section for non-reference side.
In above-mentioned steps, the described optimization overall principle specifically refers to: preferentially coordinate step by step according to the principle time of carrying out of " definite value is unworthy of, time coordination " between same section, and the differential 0.2S that gets of time, definite value is by protecting sensitivity value; If the time after coordinating step by step, while being greater than a certain limit value, can coordinate by the matching principle of existing setting method; Being 2S apart from backup protection II section time upper limit, is 4.2S apart from backup protection III section time upper limit.
Setting method of the present invention is further comprising the steps of: if in the time carrying out non-reference side apart from the adjusting of backup protection II section, definite value can not escape adjacent transformers medium voltage side busbar fault, time definite value bring up to 1.5S or more than; If at the circuit that carries out running in the tuning process of non-reference side apart from backup protection III section ring network structure; and the matching principle according to existing setting method is unlinked the reduction time when definite value to it; be more differential than the high time of the time definite value of reference side time fixed value adjusting, after in the future meeting possible circuit Xie Kou, can realize and coordinating in time with reference side definite value guaranteeing.
The distance back-up protection setting method that the present invention proposes, topmost characteristic is that the selection of mismatch point is ingenious, its principal character is as follows:
(1) risk is known controlled.Mismatch point is set according to certain condition, is easy to grasp identification; Or ensured temporal cooperation the distance backup protection coordinating according to this scheme is except there is mismatch in reference side, and all the other definite values are all at least incomplete cooperation,, or has ensured the cooperation in definite value, and the security risk of electrical network is controlled.Therefore mismatch risk is known controlled.
(2) improve the adaptive capacity that definite value changes electrical network, greatly alleviated the amount of calculation of adjusting.Because the protection configuration of newly-built transformer station is all very perfect; meet the standard of reference side; and the time of reference side definite value is minimum; therefore definite value below at least coordinates with the definite value time of reference side in time; so only need adjust to the definite value of newly-built circuit, without coordinating definite value to modify to periphery on a large scale, ensure the stability of definite value; can greatly reduce to coordinate the workload of calculating, reduce the protection definite value adjustment because coordinating definite value adjustment to bring simultaneously.
(3) protection principle to the dependence of operational mode a little less than; the variation of power system operating mode is had to good adaptive capacity; definite value and protected device parameter have directly fixing relation, and the operational mode adjustment of complex large power grid is had to strong enabling capabilities.
(4) greatly alleviate the workload of adjusting.Matching relationship becomes simply, can not cause the work that again goes out a large amount of fixed value lists because of matching relationship; What electrical network was changed is adaptable, can need to again not adjust because of the change of operational mode.Greatly alleviate adjust computing staff's workload of a line, the operating risk of also having avoided the frequent change of definite value to cause.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is ground distance back-up protection setting method flow chart;
Fig. 2 is ground distance backup protection II section setting method flow chart;
Fig. 3 is ground distance backup protection III section setting method flow chart;
Fig. 4 is distance back-up protection setting method overall principle schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is that mismatch point of the present invention is chosen the definite value adjustment schematic diagram of newly-built transformer station to line backup protection under mode.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
The present embodiment, taking the supertension line of 220kV as example, describes distance back-up protection setting method of ultrahigh voltage circuit of the present invention in detail, as shown in Figure 1, is specially:
1, determine that supertension line is apart from backup protection Overall Configuration Principle
Supertension line configures according to ground distance backup protection and phase spacing backup protection apart from backup protection; and be syllogic configuration, i.e. ground distance backup protection I section, ground distance backup protection II section, ground distance backup protection III section and phase spacing backup protection I section, phase spacing backup protection II section and phase spacing backup protection III section.And each section of ground distance backup protection adopts identical definite value with corresponding each section of phase spacing backup protection.Therefore,, as long as determined the setting value of each section of ground distance backup protection, the definite value that phase spacing backup protection is corresponding each section is also determined with regard to corresponding, can be completed the distance backup protection of supertension line.
2, carry out adjusting of ground distance backup protection I section, determine the definite value of ground distance backup protection I section and phase spacing backup protection I section.
Outside district, there is metallicity fault and adjust by reliably escaping, definite value Z dzIand time T dzIbe respectively:
Z dzI≤K kZ gsh，T dzI＝0s
Wherein: K k---safety factor;
Z gsh---the minimum experience impedance of protection place circuit.
When line length is less than 20km, safety factor K k=0.7 (1-5/L), wherein L is line length, the km of unit; When line length is more than or equal to 20km, generally, safety factor gets 0.7, and in particular cases (as many times mutual inductance circuits) safety factor gets 0.5; In the time that total track length is less than 5km, out of service apart from backup protection I section, the backup protection I section that do not need to adjust the distance adjust (now should guarantee the sensitivity apart from backup protection II section).
Reliably escape and metallicity fault setting method occurs outside district belong to the technology extensively adopting at present, have ripe definite formula and working specification at People's Republic of China's power industry standard " operation of 220kV～750kV grid relay protective apparatus adjust code " in (DL/T559-2007).
Phase spacing backup protection I section definite value is identical with ground distance backup protection I section definite value.
3, carry out adjusting of ground distance backup protection II section, determine the definite value of ground distance backup protection II section and phase spacing backup protection II section.
First determine reference side; for certain side protection on circuit; if its offside is to have configured the two malfunctioning station ends of two mothers; this protection can be used as the reference side of cooperation; thus by be divided into apart from adjusting of backup protection II section reference side apart from backup protection II section adjust and non-reference side apart from the two parts of adjusting of backup protection II section, be specially:
A. reference side adjusting apart from backup protection II section
Reference side has sensitivity to adjust apart from backup protection II section definite value by this line end generation metallicity fault, and time delay is fixedly got 0.7S, definite value Z dzIIand time T dzIIbe respectively:
Z dzII≥K lmZ′ gsh，T dzII＝0.7s
Wherein: K lm---sensitivity;
Z ' gsh---the maximum experience impedance of this circuit.
Metallicity fault has sensitivity to adjust to belong to the setting method extensively adopting at present, also has ripe definite formula and working specification in code.
B. non-reference side adjusting apart from backup protection II section
Non-reference side is according to the principle of " definite value is unworthy of, time coordination ", and definite value is adjusted by protecting sensitivity calculations result, and the time adjusts according to differential matching principle of time step by step, the differential 0.2S that gets of time.
Time after coordinating is step by step greater than (on apart from backup protection II section time definite value, being limited to 2S) in limited time; there is sensitivity by the line end generation metallic short circuit fault that breaks even and with the protection of adjacent main transformer differential or longitudinal differential protection system coordinates, also hide the principle of side transformer opposite side busbar fault is adjusted as far as possible, concrete grammar is as follows:
(1) if protection adjacent elements is transformer, coordinate with adjacent main transformer differential protection, adjust by other bus bar side busbar grounding faults of adjacent transformers of hiding, obtain definite value Z dzIIand time T dzIIbe respectively:
Z dzII≤K KZ 1+K KK ZZ′ T，T dzII＝T min
Wherein: K k---safety factor, get 0.8;
K kT---cooperation coefficient, get 0.8;
Z1---this circuit positive sequence impedance;
Z t'---adjacent transformers resistance value;
K z---consider that circuit overhauls in turn, plant stand mode changes, and gets positive sequence and helps increasing coefficient or zero sequence to help the smaller who increases in coefficient;
T min---the minimum movements time.
Stretch out other side bus of transformer as definite value, provide alarm prompt, time T dzIIget 1.5S or more than.
(2) if protection adjacent elements is circuit, II section does not coordinate with neighbor distance backup protection I section, starts to coordinate from pilot protection, and coordinate operate time with failure protection, specifically adjust into:
I) coordinate with adjacent pilot protection:
Z dzII≤K KZ 1+K KK ZZ′ 1，T dzII＝T min
Wherein: K k---safety factor, get 0.7;
K z---consider that circuit overhauls in turn, plant stand mode changes, and gets positive sequence and helps increasing coefficient or zero sequence to help the smaller who increases in coefficient;
Z 1---this circuit positive sequence impedance;
Z ' 1---adjacent lines positive sequence impedance value;
T min---the minimum movements time, get 0.7S
Ii) sensitivity of verification protection, if sensitivity does not meet the demands, and does not stretch out adjacent transformers, coordinates with the distance backup protection II section of adjacent lines:
Z dzII≤K KZ 1+K KKZ Z′ II，T dzII＝min(T′ dzII+ΔT，T max)
Wherein: K k---safety factor, get 0.8;
K z---consider that circuit overhauls in turn, plant stand mode changes, and gets positive zero sequence and helps the smaller who increases coefficient;
Z 1---this circuit positive sequence impedance;
Z ' iI---neighbor distance backup protection II section definite value;
T ' dzII---adjacent lines II section operate time;
T max---the longest operate time of distance protection II section;
Δ T---the time is differential, desirable 0.2S and more than
The definite value of adjusting is the smaller in (i, ii), and the time is the greater in (i, ii).
Phase spacing backup protection II section definite value is identical with ground distance backup protection II section definite value.
4, carry out, apart from the adjusting of backup protection III section, determining the definite value of ground distance backup protection I section and phase spacing backup protection I section.
Adopt identical method to determine reference side with step 3, by be divided into apart from adjusting of backup protection III section reference side apart from backup protection III section adjust and non-reference side apart from the two parts of adjusting of backup protection III section, be specially:
A. reference side is apart from backup protection III section setting principle
Reference side by minimum load impedance setting corresponding to maximum accident overload electric current that escapes this circuit, and ensures that this line end generation metallicity fault has 2 times of sensitivity to adjust apart from III section, and time delay is fixedly got 3.0S, definite value Z dzIIIwith time Z dzIIIbe respectively:
Z dzIII≤K KZ fh，Z dzIII≥2K lmZ gsh，T dzIII＝3s
Wherein: K lm---sensitivity;
Z ' gsh---the maximum experience impedance of this circuit;
Z 1---this circuit positive sequence impedance;
K k---safety factor, get 0.7;
Z fh---minimum accident overload impedance corresponding to the maximum accident overload electric current of this circuit (can input, as there is no input by the multiple estimation of CT no-load voltage ratio), Z fh = 0.8 × 0.9 × 100 / [ 3 × I fh max × cos ( 78 - 36.8 ) ] ;
I fhmax---the maximum accident overload electric current of this circuit
Minimum load impedance setting method corresponding to maximum accident overload electric current that escapes this circuit belongs to the conventional setting method of this area, has ripe computing formula and working specification in code.
B. non-reference side backup protection is adjusted apart from III section
Non-reference side is according to the principle of " definite value is unworthy of; time coordination ", be that definite value is by escaping minimum load impedance corresponding to the maximum accident overload electric current of this line, and ensure that this line end generation metallicity fault has specified sensitivity to adjust, time adjusts according to differential matching principle of time step by step, the differential 0.2S that gets of time.
Time after coordinating is step by step greater than (on apart from backup protection III section time definite value, being limited to 4.2S) in limited time, adjusts by existing method, and concrete grammar is as follows:
(1) first coordinate with adjacent lines pilot protection:
Z dzIII≤K KZ 1+K KK ZZ′ 1，T dzIII＝T min
Wherein: K k---safety factor, get 0.84;
K z---positive sequence helps increasing coefficient and zero sequence to help the smaller who increases coefficient;
Z 1---this circuit positive sequence impedance;
Z ' 1---adjacent lines positive sequence impedance definite value;
T min---the minimum movements time of ground protection III section, get 3S.
(2) sensitivity of verification protection, if sensitivity does not meet the demands, coordinates with the distance backup protection II section of adjacent lines.
Z dzIII≤K KZ 1+K KK ZZ′ II，T dzIII＝min(T′ dzII+ΔT，T max)
Wherein: K k---safety factor, get 0.8;
K z---positive sequence helps increasing coefficient and zero sequence to help the smaller who increases coefficient;
Z 1---this circuit positive sequence impedance;
Z ' iI---adjacent lines is apart from backup protection II section action definite value;
T ' dzII---adjacent lines ground distance backup protection II section operate time;
Δ T---the time is differential;
T max---the maximum actuation time of ground protection III section.
(3) sensitivity of verification protection, if sensitivity does not meet the demands, coordinates with adjacent lines distance protection III section:
Z dzIII≤K KZ 1+K KK ZZ′ III，T dzIII＝min(T′ dzIII+ΔT，T max)
Wherein: K k---safety factor, get 0.8;
K z---positive sequence helps increasing coefficient and zero sequence to help the smaller who increases coefficient;
Z 1---this circuit positive sequence impedance;
Z ' iII---adjacent lines is apart from backup protection III section action definite value;
T ' dzIII---adjacent lines is apart from backup protection III section operate time;
Δ T---the time is differential;
T max---apart from the maximum actuation time of backup protection III section.
(4) by minimum load impedance setting corresponding to maximum accident overload electric current that reliably escapes this circuit
Z dzIII≤K KZ fh
Wherein: K k---safety factor, get 0.7;
Z fh---minimum accident overload impedance corresponding to the maximum accident overload electric current of this circuit (can input, as there is no input by the multiple estimation of CT no-load voltage ratio), Z fh = 0.8 × 0.9 × 100 / [ 3 × I fh max × cos ( 78 - 36.8 ) ] ;
I fhmax---the maximum accident overload electric current of this circuit.
(5) result coordinating with the pilot protection of adjacent lines or apart from backup protection II section or apart from backup protection III section in step (1)～(3) and the result of step (4) compare; get smaller value wherein as this circuit apart from backup protection III section definite value; its sensitivity of verification; if sensitivity does not still meet the demands; no longer coordinate calculating; artificial adjustment definite value, and provide alarm prompt (comprise mismatch situation and whether stretch out another electric pressure bus of offside etc.).In the time that looped network is adjusted, for adopting the unlink situation of reduction time definite value of mentioned above principle, time fixed value adjusting is more differential than the high time of the time definite value of reference side, can realize and coordinating at least in time guaranteeing after in the future meeting possible circuit Xie Kou with reference side definite value.
Wherein, the experience impedance of mentioning in step 2, step 3.a and step 4.a, its computing formula is: Z gsh=U Φ/ (I Φ+ 3KI 0), K=(Z in formula 0-Z 1)/3Z 1, Z 0, Z 1be respectively circuit zero sequence impedance and positive sequence impedance.
Phase spacing backup protection III section definite value is identical with ground distance backup protection III section definite value.
Distance backup protection II section sensitivity in step 3 requires as follows:
A) when line length is less than 50km, sensitivity >=1.5
B) when line length is between 50km and 100km, sensitivity >=1.45
C) when line length is between 100km and 150km, sensitivity >=1.4
D) when line length is between 150km and 200km, sensitivity >=1.35
E), when line length is greater than 200km, sensitivity is greater than 1.3
Distance backup protection III section sensitivity in step 4 requires as follows:
A) when line length is less than 25km, sensitivity >=2.2
B) when line length is between 25km and 50km, sensitivity >=2.0
C) when line length is between 50km and 100km, sensitivity >=1.8
D) when line length is between 100km and 150km, sensitivity >=1.6
E) when line length is between 150km and 200km, sensitivity >=1.5
F), when line length is greater than 200km, sensitivity is greater than 1.4
The present embodiment is the explanation of carrying out as example taking the supertension line of 220kV, wherein, the parameters such as safety factor, sensitivity, fixing definite value and time, sensitivity in the circuit of other electric pressure or other electrical network time, can be carried out choose reasonable or adjustment according to code regulation and concrete electrical network situation.
For; the definite value adjustment of newly-built transformer station to line backup protection; because the protection configuration of newly-built transformer station is all very perfect; meet the standard of reference side; and the time of reference side definite value is minimum; therefore definite value below at least coordinates with the definite value time of reference side in time, so only need adjust to the definite value of newly-built circuit, without coordinating definite value to modify to periphery on a large scale.Newly-built transformer station to the definite value adjustment of line backup protection as shown in Figure 5.
For; when the whole network reaches standard configuration, backup protection is adjusted; in the time that future, the whole network protection configuration was all standard configuration; the whole network all meets the condition as mismatch point everywhere; therefore the backup protection definite value of the whole network all can be adjusted according to reference side definite value; and without adjusting according to strict cooperation completely, i.e. the each segment limit definite value of distance protection requires to adjust according to protecting sensitivity, same section time definite value the whole network is unified.Although now backup protection definite value may can not coordinate completely at protection range with on the time, can take in the time breaking down or main protection reliability reduce time take corresponding measure to ensure the selectivity between backup protection.
It should be noted that risk and the precautionary measures of utilizing back-up protection setting method of the present invention should be noted that:
(1) current transition method exists risk and solution
For distance protection; the definite value scope of the mismatch point on long line may be stretched out adjacent lines; therefore protect beyond the adjacent lines definite value scope to divide and the malfunctioning and failure protection of single-phase switch occurs when malfunctioning again with inside; this mismatch point protection, because time definite value is lower than adjacent lines guard time definite value, is therefore likely bypassed the immediate leadership and is first moved.On the one hand malfunctioning probability is just very low again for the malfunctioning and failure protection of single-phase switch; and it is just lower by chance to occur in probability in long line stretches out adjacent lines scope situation as mismatch point range; this kind of risk reduces the malfunctioning risk of failure protection by the maintenance of strengthening main protection on the other hand, can avoid in addition arranging mismatch point in actual adjusting on long line.
(2) back-up protection setting method risk and solution when the whole network reaches standard configuration
All may there is mismatch in the whole network definite value, therefore in the time breaking down, apart from the backup protection action of may bypassing the immediate leadership.But in the situation that main protection configuration is very perfect, extremely low apart from the probability of backup protection action on the one hand; On the other hand in the time breaking down; utilize the time definite value of the backup protection of the information exchange shortening relevant peripheral protection between protection; guarantee like this in the situation that fault is not excised; go to excise isolated fault by the distance backup protection in minimum zone; guarantee selectivity, prevent due between backup protection due to the accident of overstep tripping on a large scale that does not have secure fit to cause.
As shown in Figure 4, be 220kV components of system as directed circuit and station end, K1～K4 represents respectively four line switchings, also represents the protection of relevant position with it, now according to the method for the invention, four protections is carried out adjusting apart from backup protection.It should be noted that, example is the network configuration of extremely simplifying, and only stresses method and thought of the present invention with it, does not represent the scope of application of the present invention.Example is focused on the time coordination method in narration tuning process, and the narration of definite value is omitted.
1, clearly configure apart from backup protection according to ground distance backup protection and phase spacing apart from backup protection, and be syllogic configuration;
2, the backup protection I section of adjusting the distance is adjusted: outside district, metallicity fault occurring and adjust by reliably escaping, suppose four protections at K1～K4 place, is Z1 apart from backup protection I section definite value, and the time is 0;
3, the backup protection II section of adjusting the distance is adjusted:
First, determine reference side, for certain side protection on circuit, if its offside is to have configured the two malfunctioning station ends of two mothers, this protection can be used as the reference side of cooperation, supposes that B1, B4 have configured the two malfunctioning websites of two mothers, and the protection that install at K1, K4 place can be used as reference side;
Secondly, reference side is adjusted apart from backup protection II section, definite value has specified sensitivity to adjust by this line end generation metallic earthing fault, and time delay is fixedly got 0.7S.The distance backup protection II section definite value of supposing reference side K1 and K4 place is Z2, and the time is T2;
Again; non-reference side is adjusted apart from backup protection II section; the protection that K2 place is installed; preferentially coordinate step by step according to the principle of " definite value is unworthy of, time coordination " between same section apart from backup protection II section, definite value has specified sensitivity to adjust as Z2 by this line end generation metallic earthing fault; time coordinates apart from backup protection II section with K1 place; time, differential Δ t got 0.2S, and its time setting is T2+ Δ t, and the II section of this section of circuit is adjusted and completed.Continue next stage line switching K3 place circuit adjusting apart from backup protection II section; it coordinates with the protection II section at K2 place; the time after its cooperation of supposing is greater than apart from II section delay upper bound 2S; now its definite value and time coordinate according to the pilot protection of protecting with K2 place; definite value is Z2 '; the differential 0.7S that gets of time, i.e. the definite value of K3 place protection II section is Z2 ', time setting is 0.7S.
4, the backup protection III section of adjusting the distance is adjusted
First, determine reference side, according to determining with method identical in step 3;
Secondly, reference side is adjusted apart from backup protection III section, by minimum load impedance setting corresponding to maximum accident overload electric current that escapes this circuit, and ensure that this line end generation metallicity fault has specified sensitivity to adjust, the definite value of supposing the distance backup protection III section at reference side K1 and K4 place is Z3, and the time is T3;
Again; non-reference side is adjusted apart from backup protection III section; the protection that K2 place is installed; III section definite value is by the minimum load impedance setting that escapes this line busy hour, and ensures that this line end generation metallicity fault has specified sensitivity to adjust, and definite value is Z3; time coordinates with the III section of K1 place protection; time, differential Δ t got 0.2S, and its time setting is T3+ Δ t, and the III section of this section of circuit is adjusted and completed.Continue next stage circuit adjusting apart from backup protection III section; the distance backup protection III section at K3 place coordinates with the distance backup protection III section at K2 place; the time after its cooperation of supposing is greater than time definite value upper limit 4.2S; coordinate by existing matching principle; be that its definite value and time are according to coordinating with the distance backup protection II section at K2 place; definite value is Z3 ', and the differential 0.2S that gets of time, is T2+2 Δ t.
The available Fig. 2 of the above-mentioned result of adjusting represents:
B1, B4 have configured the two malfunctioning websites of two mothers, and K1, K4 place protection definite value and time are benchmark definite value; K2 place protection definite value for according to the time step by step matching principle calculate; The definite value of K3 place protection is for to coordinate and to calculate according to existing principle.

Claims (9)

1.一种超高压线路的距离后备保护整定方法，包括接地距离后备保护整定和相间距离后备保护整定，具体过程如下：1. A distance backup protection setting method for extra-high voltage lines, including grounding distance backup protection setting and phase-to-phase distance backup protection setting, the specific process is as follows: （1）将接地距离后备保护和相间距离后备保护分别进行三段式配置；(1) The grounding distance backup protection and phase-to-phase distance backup protection are respectively configured in three stages; （2）按可靠躲过区外发生金属性故障对接地距离后备保护I段进行整定，获得接地距离后备保护I段定值，并确定相间距离后备保护I段的定值为与接地距离后备保护I段定值相同；(2) Set the I section of the grounding distance backup protection according to the reliable avoidance of metallic faults outside the area, obtain the fixed value of the I section of the grounding distance backup protection, and determine the fixed value of the I section of the backup protection between phases and the grounding distance backup protection The fixed value of section I is the same; （3）对接地距离后备保护II段进行整定，获得接地距离后备保护II段定值，并确定相间距离后备保护II段的定值为与接地距离后备保护II段定值相同；(3) Set the grounding distance backup protection section II, obtain the grounding distance backup protection section II setting value, and determine that the phase-to-phase distance backup protection section II setting value is the same as the grounding distance backup protection section II setting value; （4）对接地距离后备保护III段进行整定，获得接地距离后备保护III段定值，并确定相间距离后备保护III段的定值为与接地距离后备保护III段定值相同；(4) Set the third section of the backup protection of the grounding distance, obtain the setting value of the third section of the back-up protection of the grounding distance, and determine that the setting value of the third section of the back-up protection of the phase-to-phase distance is the same as the setting value of the third section of the back-up protection of the grounding distance; 所述的步骤（3）中对接地距离后备保护II段进行整定的具体过程为：The specific process of setting the grounding distance backup protection section II in the step (3) is as follows: 根据基准侧，将接地距离后备保护II段分为基准侧接地距离后备保护II段和非基准侧接地距离后备保护II段，其中，基准侧接地距离后备保护II段定值按本线路末端发生金属性故障有灵敏度进行整定获得；非基准侧接地距离后备保护II段定值中的阻抗定值按保灵敏度计算结果进行整定获得，时间定值利用时间级差进行逐级配合确定；According to the reference side, the grounding distance backup protection section II is divided into the reference side grounding distance backup protection section II and the non-reference side grounding distance backup protection section II. The sensitivity of non-reference side ground faults can be obtained through setting; the impedance setting value in the setting value of the backup protection section II of the grounding distance on the non-reference side is obtained through setting according to the calculation result of the guaranteed sensitivity, and the time setting value is determined step by step by using the time difference; 其中，所述基准侧指：对于线路上的一侧保护，若其对侧为配置了双母双失灵的站端，则该一侧保护即为配合的基准侧。Wherein, the reference side refers to: for one side of protection on the line, if the opposite side is a station end configured with dual bus and double failure, then the side protection is the coordinated reference side. 2.根据权利要求1所述的超高压线路的距离后备保护整定方法，其特征在于，所述时间级差为0.2S。2. The method for setting distance backup protection of ultra-high voltage lines according to claim 1, characterized in that the time step difference is 0.2S. 3.根据权利要求1所述的超高压线路的距离后备保护整定方法，其特征在于，当所述级差配合后的时间大于第一上限时，按如下方式进行整定：3. The distance backup protection setting method of the ultra-high voltage line according to claim 1, characterized in that, when the time after the step difference matching is greater than the first upper limit, the setting is performed as follows: （3.1）若保护的相邻元件为变压器，则与相邻主变差动保护配合，按躲相邻变压器其他母线侧母线接地故障进行整定，得到阻抗定值ZdzII和时间定值TdzII分别为：(3.1) If the adjacent component to be protected is a transformer, cooperate with the differential protection of the adjacent main transformer, and set according to the bus grounding fault on the other bus side of the adjacent transformer, and obtain the impedance fixed value Z dzII and the time fixed value T dzII respectively for: ZdzII≤KKZl+KKKZZ'T,TdzII＝Tmin Z dzII ≤K K Z l +K K K Z Z' T ,T dzII ＝T min 其中：KK为可靠系数，Z1为本线路正序阻抗，ZT'为相邻变压器阻抗值，KZ为正序助增系数和零序助增系数的较小者，Tmin为最小动作时间；Among them: K K is the reliability coefficient, Z 1 is the positive sequence impedance of this line, Z T ' is the impedance value of the adjacent transformer, K Z is the smaller of the positive sequence boost coefficient and the zero sequence boost coefficient, and T min is the minimum action time; （3.2）若保护相邻元件为线路，则接地距离后备保护II段不与相邻接地距离后备保护I段配合，而是从纵联保护开始进行配合，阻抗定值ZdzII和时间定值TdzII具体为：(3.2) If the adjacent element of the protection is a line, the grounding distance backup protection section II does not cooperate with the adjacent grounding distance backup protection section I, but cooperates from the longitudinal protection, the impedance setting Z dzII and the time setting T dzII is specifically: ZdzII≤KKZl+KKKZZ'1，TdzII＝Tmin Z dzII ≤K K Z l +K K K Z Z' 1 , T dzII ＝T min 其中，Z'1为相邻线路正序阻抗值。Among them, Z' 1 is the positive sequence impedance value of the adjacent line. 4.根据权利要求3所述的超高压线路的距离后备保护整定方法，其特征在于，所述步骤（3.2）中，若保护的灵敏度不满足要求且未伸出相邻变压器时，则与相邻线路的接地距离后备保护II段配合，并将获得的定值与步骤（3.2）中的阻抗定值的最小者作为接地距离后备保护II段实际阻抗定值，将获得的时间与步骤（3.2）中的时间的最大者作为接地距离后备保护II段实际的时间定值，其中，所述与相邻线路的接地距离后备保护II段配合获得的阻抗定值和时间定值具体为：4. The distance backup protection setting method for ultra-high voltage lines according to claim 3, characterized in that in the step (3.2), if the sensitivity of the protection does not meet the requirements and does not extend out of the adjacent transformer, then the phase Cooperate with the grounding distance backup protection section II of the adjacent line, and use the minimum of the obtained value and the impedance setting value in step (3.2) as the actual impedance setting value of the grounding distance backup protection section II, and combine the obtained time with the step (3.2) ) is used as the actual time setting value of the grounding distance backup protection section II, wherein the impedance setting value and time setting value obtained by cooperating with the grounding distance backup protection section II of the adjacent line are specifically: ZdzII≤KKZl+KKKZZ'II，TdzII＝min(T'dzII+ΔT,Tmax)Z dzII ≤K K Z l +K K K Z Z' II ，T dzII ＝ min(T' dzII +ΔT,T max ) 其中，Z'II为相邻距离后备保护II段阻抗定值，T'dzII为相邻线路II段动作时间，Tmax为距离保护II段的最长动作时间，ΔT为时间级差。Among them, Z' II is the fixed value of the impedance of the second section of the adjacent distance backup protection, T' dzII is the operating time of the second section of the adjacent line, T max is the longest operating time of the second section of the distance protection, and ΔT is the time difference. 5.根据权利要求1-4之一所述的超高压线路的距离后备保护整定方法，其特征在于，所述步骤（4）中对接地距离后备保护III段进行整定的具体过程为：5. The method for setting distance backup protection of ultra-high voltage lines according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the specific process of setting section III of the grounding distance backup protection in the step (4) is as follows: 根据基准侧，将距离后备保护III段分为基准侧接地距离后备保护III段和非基准侧接地距离后备保护III段，其中，基准侧接地距离后备保护III段定值按躲过本线路的最大事故过负荷电流对应的最小负荷阻抗整定；非基准侧接地距离后备保护III段定值中的阻抗定值按躲过本线最大负荷下的最小负荷阻抗，并保证本线路末端发生金属性故障有规定灵敏度进行整定获得，定值中的时间定值按照时间级差进行逐级配合整定；According to the reference side, the distance backup protection section III is divided into the reference side grounding distance backup protection section III and the non-reference side grounding distance backup protection section III, where the reference side grounding distance backup protection section III is set according to the maximum The minimum load impedance setting corresponding to the accident overload current; the impedance setting value in the setting value of section III of the backup protection of the non-reference side grounding distance is based on the minimum load impedance under the maximum load of the main line, and the metal fault at the end of the line is ensured. The specified sensitivity is obtained by setting, and the time setting in the setting value is adjusted step by step according to the time difference; 其中，所述基准侧指：对于线路上的一侧保护，若其对侧为配置了双母双失灵的站端，则该一侧保护即为配合的基准侧。Wherein, the reference side refers to: for one side of protection on the line, if the opposite side is a station end configured with dual bus and double failure, then the side protection is the coordinated reference side. 6.根据权利要求5所述的超高压线路的距离后备保护整定方法，其特征在于，当逐级配合后的时间大于第二上限时，则如下步骤整定，并取根据步骤(4.1)～(4.3)得到的阻抗定值与步骤(4.4)得到的阻抗定值的较小值作为本线路接地距离后备保护III段阻抗定值，相应的时间定值作为其时间定值：6. The distance backup protection setting method for ultra-high voltage lines according to claim 5, characterized in that, when the time after step-by-step coordination is greater than the second upper limit, the following steps are set, and according to steps (4.1)～( 4.3) The smaller value of the impedance fixed value that obtains and the impedance fixed value that step (4.4) obtains is used as this line grounding distance back-up protection section III impedance fixed value, and corresponding time fixed value is as its time fixed value: （4.1）首先与相邻线路纵联保护配合，分别得到阻抗定值和时间定值：(4.1) First cooperate with the longitudinal protection of adjacent lines to obtain the fixed value of impedance and the fixed value of time respectively: ZdzIII≤KKZl+KKKZZ'l，TdzIII＝Tmin Z dzIII ≤ K K Z l +K K K Z Z' l , T dzIII = T min 其中：KK为可靠系数，KZ为正序助增系数和零序助增系数的较小者，Z1为本线路正序阻抗，Z'l为相邻线路正序阻抗定值，Tmin为接地保护III段的最小动作时间；Among them: K K is the reliability coefficient, K Z is the smaller of the positive-sequence boosting coefficient and the zero-sequence boosting coefficient, Z1 is the positive-sequence impedance of the current line, Z' l is the fixed value of the positive-sequence impedance of the adjacent line, T min It is the minimum action time of section III of ground protection; （4.2）校验保护的灵敏度，若灵敏度不满足要求，则与相邻线路的距离后备保护II段配合：(4.2) Check the sensitivity of the protection. If the sensitivity does not meet the requirements, cooperate with the distance backup protection section II of the adjacent line: ZdzIII≤KKZl+KKKZZ'II，TdzIII＝min(T'dzII+ΔT,Tmax)Z dzIII ≤K K Z l +K K K Z Z' II ，T dzIII ＝ min(T' dzII +ΔT,T max ) 其中：Z'II为相邻线路接地距离后备保护II段动作定值，T'dzII为相邻线路接地距离后备保护II段动作时间，ΔT为时间级差，Tmax为接地距离后备保护III段的最大动作时间；Among them: Z' II is the action setting value of the second section of the backup protection from the grounding distance of the adjacent line, T'dzII is the action time of the second section of the backup protection from the grounding distance of the adjacent line, ΔT is the time difference, and T max is the third section of the back-up protection from the grounding distance maximum action time; （4.3）校验保护的灵敏度，若灵敏度不满足要求，则与相邻线路距离保护III段配合，分别得到阻抗定值和时间定值：(4.3) Check the sensitivity of the protection. If the sensitivity does not meet the requirements, cooperate with the distance protection section III of the adjacent line to obtain the fixed value of impedance and time: ZdzIII≤KKZl+KKKZZ'III,TdzIII＝min(T'dzIII+ΔT,Tmax)Z dzIII ≤K K Z l +K K K Z Z' III ,T dzIII ＝ min(T' dzIII +ΔT,T max ) 其中：Z'III为相邻线路接地距离后备保护III段动作定值，T'dzIII为相邻线路接地距离后备保护III段动作时间；Among them: Z' III is the operation setting value of section III of the backup protection of the grounding distance of the adjacent line, and T' dzIII is the action time of the section III of the backup protection of the grounding distance of the adjacent line; （4.4）按可靠躲过本线路的最大事故过负荷电流对应的最小负荷阻抗整定，得到阻抗定值和时间定值(4.4) According to the minimum load impedance setting corresponding to the maximum accident overload current that can reliably avoid the line, obtain the impedance setting value and time setting value ZdzIII≤KKZfh Z dzIII ≤K K Z fh 其中：Zfh为本线路最大事故过负荷电流对应的最小事故过负荷阻抗。Among them: Z fh is the minimum accident overload impedance corresponding to the maximum accident overload current of this line. 7.根据权利要求1-4之一所述的超高压线路的距离后备保护整定方法，其特征在于，所述的按可靠躲过区外发生金属性故障整定中，阻抗定值ZdzI和时间定值TdzI分别为：7. according to the distance back-up protection setting method of the ultra-high voltage line described in one of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that, in the metallic fault setting that avoids outside the described area reliably, impedance fixed value Z dzI and time The fixed values T dzI are respectively: ZdzI≤KkZgsh，TdzI＝0sZ dzI ≤ K k Z gsh , T dzI = 0s 其中Kk为可靠系数；Zgsh为保护所在线路最小感受阻抗。Among them, K k is the reliability coefficient; Z gsh is the minimum sensed impedance of the line where the protection is located. 8.根据权利要求7所述的超高压线路的距离后备保护整定方法，其特征在于，线路长度小于20km时，可靠系数KK＝0.7(1－5L)，其中L为线路长度，单位km；线路长度大于等于20km时，可靠系数取0.7或0.5。8. The distance backup protection setting method for ultra-high voltage lines according to claim 7, characterized in that, when the line length is less than 20 km, the reliability coefficient K K = 0.7 (1-5L), where L is the line length, in km; When the line length is greater than or equal to 20km, the reliability factor shall be 0.7 or 0.5. 9.根据权利要求1-4之一所述的超高压线路的距离后备保护整定方法，其特征在于，所述本线路末端发生金属性故障有灵敏度整定中，时延固定取0.7S，阻抗定值ZdzII和时间定值TdzII分别为：9. The distance backup protection setting method for ultra-high voltage lines according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, in the sensitivity setting of metallic faults at the end of the line, the time delay is fixed at 0.7S, and the impedance is fixed at 0.7S. The value Z dzII and the time fixed value T dzII are respectively: ZdzII≥KlmZ'gsh，TdzII＝0.7sZ dzII ≥ K lm Z' gsh , T dzII = 0.7s 其中：Klm为灵敏度；Z'gsh为本线路最大感受阻抗。Among them: K lm is the sensitivity; Z' gsh is the maximum perceived impedance of the line.
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