Background technology
Mercury is extremely toxic substance, even the mercury content in the environment is very low, also can be accumulated in the human body through food chain, thereby be detrimental to health.Therefore, press for some can the fast quantification testing environment in the method for Trace Hg.
Fig. 1 shows the monitoring system of mercury element in the interior gas of the pipeline that extensively adopts in the prior art; As shown in Figure 1, said monitoring system comprises: sampling probe 1, pipeline 2,4, enriching apparatus 4, X-ray fluorescence spectra analyser, air extractor 3,10 and air mix facilities 9.
Mercury has volatility, all remains on gaseous state in a lot of occasions, and in chimney, pipeline, and content is all lower, therefore needs enriching apparatus to come enrichment mercury to improve the sensitivity of mercury measurement, adopts the mercury in the filter membrane enriched gas usually.Common filter membrane can not enrichment simple substance mercury, therefore need carry out special processing to mercury or filter membrane.Present disposal route mainly contains following two kinds:
1, chlorine is added in the mercurous gaseous fluid, mercury and chlorine reaction generate mercuric chloride, use common filter membrane (like the PES film) absorption mercuric chloride.The weak point of this method is mainly: a, mercury and mercuric chloride have bigger vapour pressure under environment or flue-gas temperature, and mercury can not change into mercuric chloride fully; B, chlorine are toxic gases, and excessive chlorine jeopardizes people's life, also produce and pollute.
2, common filter membrane resinification is handled, be soaked in then in the iodine solution, be used for the absorption of mercury after drying.The weak point of this method is mainly: the time that this filter membrane is placed is long more, and the iodine loss is many more, and therefore, the film of this processing is difficult to long storage time.
The mercury of measuring is the interior total amount through mercury in the gas in all volumes of filter membrane of enrichment time, in order to know the mercury content in the gas in the unit volume, also need learn the volume that in the mercury enrichment time, passes through the gas of filter membrane.Air mix facilities adopts mass flowmeter; Mission life, measuring accuracy for the flowmeter that improves the quality effectively; Reduce the engineering maintenance amount of mass flowmeter, also need to be provided for removing oiliness and the water washing tank 7 of acid ingredient gas in the gas, the condenser 8 that is used to dewater at the upper reaches of mass flowmeter.But complex structure, system maintenance trouble, deficiency that cost is high have been brought.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned deficiency that exists in the prior art; The invention provides the monitoring system of gas in the pipeline that a kind of adaptability is good, reliability is high, cost is low, and the monitoring method of the interior gas of the pipeline that a kind of adaptability is good, reliability is high, operating cost is low.
The objective of the invention is to realize through following technical scheme:
The monitoring system of gas comprises sampler, measuring unit in the pipeline, and it is characterized in that: said monitoring system also comprises:
Air mix facilities, said air mix facilities have gas passage, inlet channel, exhaust passage, source of the gas and first flow meter; Said inlet channel is communicated with said sampler, and inside is provided with aperture, and connection place of said gas passage, inlet channel and exhaust passage is the breathing space; The interchannel angle of said inlet channel and gas is in (0; 90 ° "; gas passage is in
said inlet channel and is in
said source of the gas with angle between the exhaust passage and is communicated with said gas passage with the angle of exhaust passage, said first flow meter is arranged on the said gas passage;
Control personnel equipment, said control personnel equipment are used for drawing dilution ratio according to the signal that said measuring unit sends and regulate information, and are sent to flow regulator; Said dilution ratio adjusting information comprises: increase, reduce the ventilation sectional area of said aperture, increase, reduce the flow of gas in the said gas passage;
Flow regulator, said flow regulator are used for going to adjust according to the dilution ratio adjusting information that said control personnel equipment sends the ventilation sectional area of gas flow in the said gas passage and said aperture.
According to above-mentioned monitoring system, alternatively, said aperture is at least two, has different ventilation sectional areas respectively; Said flow regulator is used for according to said dilution ratio adjusting information and optionally aperture is placed in the said inlet channel.
According to above-mentioned monitoring system, alternatively, said aperture is merely one, and said flow regulator is used to adjust the ventilation sectional area of said aperture.
According to above-mentioned monitoring system, alternatively, said aperture is at least two, and the ventilation sectional area is different, is separately positioned at least two inlet channels;
Said flow regulator comprises flow passage selector device, is used for making said sampler optionally to be communicated with of said at least two inlet channels.
According to above-mentioned monitoring system, alternatively, said flow regulator comprises the valve that is arranged on the said gas passage.
The object of the invention also is achieved through following technical scheme:
The monitoring method of gas in a kind of pipeline may further comprise the steps:
(A1) gas to be measured in the sampler sampling pipe;
(A2) gas that provides of source of the gas gets in the air mix facilities through gas passage; Expand and the formation low-pressure area in connection place of inlet channel, gas passage and exhaust passage; Make the gas to be measured in the sampler pass through the aperture in the inlet channel with velocity of sound; The gas that provides at said low-pressure area and source of the gas mixes, dilutes, and gets into measuring unit afterwards;
(A3) measuring unit detects mixed gas, thereby knows gas information in the pipeline, and is sent to control personnel equipment;
(A4) control personnel equipment draws dilution ratio according to the said information that receives and regulates information, and is sent to flow regulator;
(A5) said flow regulator removes to adjust the ventilation sectional area of said aperture and/or the flow in the affiliated gas passage according to the said dilution ratio adjusting information that receives; To adjust the dilution ratio of gas to be measured, the value of gas to be measured is in the threshold range after the dilution that records of said measuring unit
According to above-mentioned monitoring method, alternatively, said threshold range is confirmed according to the dynamic range of measuring unit.
According to above-mentioned monitoring method; Preferably; The interchannel angle of said inlet channel and gas is in (0; 90 ° ", the angle that the angle of gas passage and exhaust passage is between
said inlet channel and exhaust passage is in
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that has of the present invention is:
1, adaptability is good.
Gas to be measured under the different measuring environment can obtain different dilution ratios, thereby the value of the gas to be measured after the dilution that records is in the threshold range, also is in the optimal response scope of measuring unit, has improved accuracy of measurement, and is simultaneously applied widely.When dilution ratio is regulated greatly, regulate the sectional area of giving vent to anger of aperture earlier, remove to adjust the flow in the gas passage again.Regulate hour when dilution ratio, only the flow in the adjustments of gas passage gets final product.
2, system reliability is high, need not devices such as purge tank, condenser.Be convenient to safeguard, also reduced cost.
Embodiment
Fig. 2-4 and following declarative description optional embodiment of the present invention how to implement with instruction those skilled in the art and reproduce the present invention.In order to instruct technical scheme of the present invention, simplified or omitted some conventional aspects.Those skilled in the art should understand that the modification or the replacement that are derived from these embodiments will be within the scope of the invention.Those skilled in the art should understand that following characteristics can make up to form a plurality of modification of the present invention in every way.Thus, the present invention is not limited to following optional embodiment, and is only limited claim and their equivalent.
Embodiment 1:
Fig. 2 has schematically provided in the chimney of the embodiment of the invention basic block diagram of the monitoring system of element in the gas.As shown in Figure 2, said monitoring system comprises:
Sampler, said sampler is arranged on the chimney, and the interior gas of chimney is used to take a sample.
Measuring unit, said measuring unit can adopt the fluorescent spectroscopy device, can also adopt the absorption spectrum device, and these all are the state of the art, repeat no more at this.
Air mix facilities, Fig. 3 have schematically provided the basic block diagram of the air mix facilities of present embodiment, and be as shown in Figure 3, and said air mix facilities has
gas passage 52,
inlet channel 51,
exhaust passage 53, source of the gas and first flow meter; Said inlet channel is communicated with said sampler, and inside is provided with aperture, and connection place of said gas passage, inlet channel and exhaust passage is breathing
space 54; The angle that said
inlet channel 51 and gas passage are 52 is in (0; 90 ° "; like 90 degree;
gas passage 52 and
exhaust passage 53 angle is in
like 180 degree, the angle that said
inlet channel 51 and exhaust passage are 53 is in
spends as 90; Said source of the gas is communicated with said
gas passage 52, and said first flow meter is arranged on the said
gas passage 52;
Alternatively, said air mix facilities can be selected following mode for use:
Said aperture is at least two, has different ventilation sectional areas respectively; Said flow regulator is used for according to said dilution ratio adjusting information and optionally aperture is placed in the said inlet channel, thereby makes when different apertures places in the inlet channel, can obtain different flows.
Said aperture is merely one, and said flow regulator is used to adjust the ventilation sectional area of said aperture.
Said aperture is at least two, and the ventilation sectional area is different, is separately positioned at least two inlet channels; Said flow regulator comprises flow passage selector device, is used for making said sampler optionally to be communicated with of said at least two inlet channels.
Control personnel equipment, said control personnel equipment are used for drawing dilution ratio according to the signal that said measuring unit sends and regulate information, and are sent to flow regulator; Said dilution ratio adjusting information comprises: increase, reduce the ventilation sectional area of said aperture, increase, reduce the flow of gas in the said gas passage; Said control personnel equipment can be operating personnel, can also be control circuit, Control Software.Specific practice is: when the signal that sends when measuring unit exceeds the higher limit of threshold range, need to improve dilution ratio: reduce the ventilation sectional area of aperture or increase the flow of air-flow in the gas passage; When the signal that sends when measuring unit is lower than the lower limit of threshold range, need to reduce dilution ratio: increase the ventilation sectional area of aperture or lower the flow of air-flow in the gas passage; Also promptly need let the signal of the gas to be measured after diluting be in the threshold range.The higher limit in the said threshold range (being the optimal response scope of measuring unit) and the dynamic range that main consideration measuring unit is set of lower limit can be according to the differences of measurement environment and variant.
Flow regulator; Said flow regulator is used for going to adjust according to the said dilution ratio adjusting information that receives the ventilation sectional area of gas flow in the said gas passage and/or said aperture: owing to will make the flow velocity of the gas to be measured through aperture reach velocity of sound; Therefore the pressure ratio of source of the gas is bigger; The leeway of under the situation that guarantees above-mentioned velocity of sound, heightening gas flow in the gas passage is generally less, is suitable for the fine tuning dilution ratio; And the flow velocity of the gas to be measured through aperture is a velocity of sound, and flow is big, and is big to the setting range of dilution ratio, is suitable for the coarse adjustment dilution ratio.It is thus clear that in dilution ratio was among a small circle regulated, gas flow get final product in the adjustments of gas passage, in dilution ratio is regulated, need to regulate the ventilation sectional area of aperture, the adjusting of the gas flow of all right affix venting channels on a large scale.
Alternatively, said flow regulator comprises the valve that is arranged on the said gas passage, removes the flow of gas in the adjustments of gas passage through the degree of valve open, and concrete flow is monitored by the first flow meter.
Fig. 4 shows the operation method of the monitoring system of the embodiment of the invention, and is as shown in Figure 4, and said operation method may further comprise the steps:
(A1) gas to be measured in the sampler work, pipeline gets in the sampler;
(A2) gases at high pressure that provide of source of the gas are fast through first flow meter, gas passage; Expand in the breathing space afterwards; Thereby become low-pressure area; Make gas to be measured in the sampler with velocity of sound through the aperture in the inlet channel, the gas that provides at low-pressure area and source of the gas afterwards mixes, dilution, arrange to measuring unit through the exhaust passage back; , gas confirms that the sectional area of aperture is also confirmed, therefore can learn the volume that passes through the gas of said aperture in the random time because passing through the flow velocity of aperture; And the flow of the gas that said source of the gas provides is monitored by said first flow meter, thereby obtains the dilution ratio of gas to be measured;
(A3) measuring unit detects mixed gas, thereby knows gas information in the pipeline, and is sent to control personnel equipment;
(A4) control personnel equipment draws dilution ratio according to the said information that receives and regulates information, and is sent to flow regulator; Specific practice is: when the signal that sends when measuring unit exceeds the higher limit of threshold range, need to increase dilution ratio: reduce the ventilation sectional area of aperture or increase the flow of air-flow in the gas passage; When the signal that sends when measuring unit is lower than the lower limit of threshold range, need reduce dilution ratio: increase the ventilation sectional area of aperture or lower the flow of air-flow in the gas passage; Also promptly need let the signal of the gas to be measured after diluting be in the threshold range.The higher limit in the said threshold range (being the optimal response scope of monitoring system) and the dynamic range that main consideration monitoring system is set of lower limit can be according to the differences of measurement environment and variant.
(A5) said flow regulator removes to adjust the ventilation sectional area of said aperture and/or the flow in the affiliated gas passage according to the said dilution ratio adjusting information that receives: (the adjustment mode is decided according to the concrete structure of flow regulator like the ventilation sectional area of aperture in the adjustment inlet channel; As selecting corresponding to the inlet channel of different apertures or adjusting the ventilation sectional area of an only aperture or different apertures is placed in the inlet channel), the flow of gas in the adjustment gas passage; Thereby obtain different dilution ratios, the value of the gas to be measured after the dilution that said measuring unit records is in the said threshold range.
Embodiment 2:
According to the monitoring system of the embodiment of the invention 1 and the method Application in Monitoring of element example in the gas in pipeline, be used for the mercury content of gas in the measuring channel, mercury content is in 2-10mg/m
3
Fig. 3 has schematically provided the basic block diagram of the air mix facilities of the embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 3, said air mix facilities comprises:
Inlet channel 51, gas passage 52 and exhaust passage 53; Connection place of said inlet channel 51 and exhaust passage 53 is the breathing space; As low-pressure area 54, an end of said gas passage 52 is communicated with said breathing space, and the angle that said inlet channel 51 and gas passage are 52 is 90 degree; Gas passage 52 is 180 degree with the angle of exhaust passage 53, and the angle that said inlet channel 51 and exhaust passage are 53 is 90 degree; Said gas passage 52 is connected with high-pressure air source; Said inlet channel 51 has three the tunnel, and inside is provided with aperture 55 respectively, and the ventilation sectional area has nothing in common with each other.
Flow regulator comprises solenoid valve, the flow passage selector device that is arranged on the gas passage; An above-mentioned end that holds the inlet channel of different apertures is communicated with said flow passage selector device; Thereby make said sampler optionally with said at least two inlet channels in one be communicated with, and then obtain the gas to be measured of different flow; Simultaneously, can also regulate said valve, by the way to obtain dilution ratio in a big way to control the gas flow in the said gas passage.
Measuring unit adopts the atomic fluorescence spectrometry device, measures the mercury in the gas to be measured after diluting.
The operation method of above-mentioned monitoring system also is a monitoring method, may further comprise the steps:
(A1) gas to be measured in the sampler work, sampling pipe;
(A2) gases at high pressure that provide of source of the gas pass through gas passage fast; Expand in the breathing space afterwards; Thereby generation low-pressure area; Make gas to be measured in the sampler with velocity of sound through the aperture in one road inlet channel wherein, mix with the gas that source of the gas provides afterwards, dilution, and discharge through the exhaust passage; , gas confirms that the sectional area of aperture is also confirmed, therefore can learn the volume that passes through the gas of said aperture in the random time because passing through the flow velocity of aperture; The first flow instrumentation measures the flow of gas in the gas passage, thereby obtains the dilution ratio of gas to be measured;
(A3) the atomic fluorescence spectrometry device records the total amount of mercury in the gas to be measured of dilution back; Know the content of mercury in the gas to be measured of dilution back again according to dilution ratio, and be sent to control device;
(A4) control device draws the dilution ratio control information according to the mercury content information that receives; And being sent to flow regulator, concrete mode is: according to mercury content, dynamic range in the pipeline threshold range (being the optimal response scope of measuring unit) 0.09-0.55mg/m is set
3, when exceeding the higher limit of threshold range, need to increase dilution ratio: reduce the ventilation sectional area of aperture or the flow of the interior air-flow of increase gas passage as if mercury content information; When if mercury content information is lower than the lower limit of threshold range, need to reduce dilution ratio: the flow of air-flow in the ventilation sectional area of increase aperture or the attenuating gas passage; Also promptly need let the mercury content signal of the gas to be measured after diluting be in the threshold range.When the adjusting of above-mentioned dilution ratio surpassed outside the range of adjustment of gas flow in the gas passage, the ventilation sectional area that needs to regulate aperture was to desired value, otherwise only the interior gas flow of adjustments of gas passage gets final product;
(A5) flow regulator removes to adjust gas flow in the ventilation sectional area, gas passage of said aperture according to the control information that receives, and the mercury content value of the gas to be measured after the dilution that said measuring unit records is in the said threshold range.
Be according to the monitoring system of the embodiment of the invention 2 and the benefit of operation method: owing to be in operation, gas is certain through the flow velocity of aperture (sectional area is certain), therefore can confirm to pass through in the random time gas flow to be measured of aperture.Through the flexible of aperture ventilation sectional area and valve, increased the range of adjustment of dilution ratio, can be widely used in the different occasions, thereby the measured value of the gas to be measured after the dilution is in the optimal response scope (threshold range).
Embodiment 3:
The monitoring system of element in the gas in the chimney, different with embodiment 2 is:
Flow regulator is: flow passage selector device no longer is set; One road inlet channel only is set; Two ends are communicated with sampler, breathing space respectively; The control information that the aperture and the mobile personnel equipment that also have three different ventilation sectional areas, said mobile personnel equipment send according to control device and optionally aperture being placed in the inlet channel, and carry out seal approach.
Embodiment 4:
The monitoring system of element in the gas in the flue, different with embodiment 2 is:
Flow regulator is: flow passage selector device no longer is set; One road inlet channel only is set, and two ends are communicated with sampler, breathing space respectively, and a breeder tube only is set in this inlet channel; The ventilation sectional area of this aperture is adjustable, and the structure of this adjustable aperture is identical with the camera aperture adjustment structure.