CN102537125B - Spatial-wedging friction connector - Google Patents

Abstract

As the spatial-wedging friction connector of clutch and brake, it is characterized in that, be provided with the autoexcitation formula space wedge mechanism with high-strength torque capacity, and enter wedge controlling organization. This controlling organization enters wedge and conciliates the mode of wedge operationally to control intermediate piece in wedge mechanism, control the Engage and disengage of frictional connection device. Enter wedge controlling organization and comprise best rotation guiding mechanism, or fluid closed cavity mechanism. Gai Liangge trigger-type mechanism, without maintaining energy, does not need larger energy drives yet, can be approximated to be in theory zero. The present invention can have that overload is skidded, the transmission capacity of abs braking anti-lock and parking braking adaptively, and without the help of any other mechanism. , significantly simplify the structure and operation sequence because having saved power supply device and transmission device meanwhile, reduced cost, there is higher reliability and security, and be easier to realize miniaturization, lightweight and long-distance line control transmission and braking.

Description

Spatial-wedging friction connector

Related application

The application is the Chinese patent application of the space wedging type friction overrunning clutch provided by name that proposes of the applicant201010222712.X and 201020186785.3 dependent patent application. In the disclosure two patent applications formerly wholeHold incorporated herein by reference.

Technical field

Present invention relates in general to one in all transmission fields with frictional connection mode conveying rotary motion or torque,Or prevent this and rotatablely move or the device of torque, comprise all manipulations of being activated by machinery, electric power, magnetic force or fluid etc. fromClose device, all auto-controlled clutch, all brakes and EPB, and rotating shaft or hinge etc., particularly oneFriction-fit connector.

Background technology

Usually, in all rotary axis that comprise industry, agricultural and field of traffic, no matter activate by manpower, alsoBe by gas/liquid press activate, Electromagnetically actuated or motor activated etc., for transferring rotational motion or limit showing that this rotatablely movesThere is the frictional connection device of technology, for example friction clutch and brake, except essential control device, all attaching has energy supply dressPut and corresponding transmission device. Therefore, the clutch of prior art or brake are not only too complicated, and member is too much, volume andQuality is huge, with high costs, and reliability is lower, and breaks and can just can not work because belonging to active system, and energy consumption is too high. WithTime, being also difficult for miniaturization, lightweight, is more difficult for realizing line traffic control transmission or braking. When it transmits the transmission device that engages energyWhen spatial extent is larger, more because of the uniformity of the poor and difficult guarantee system acting of response. For example,, as trailer or rail drivingBrake apparatus time, just can because of its by head to each braking point apart from each other of tail and start the inconsistent of braking time orThere is delay, and bring the potential safety hazard can not be ignored.

In addition, the frictional connection device of prior art is all based on power supply device and transmission device and work, and its torque capacity is completeEntirely depend on and be sensitive to joint energy/power and relevant coefficients of friction that it obtains, and with its torque of transmitting/carryingIrrelevant. Therefore,, for mating this joint energy/power and the torque of transmitting/carrying, the frictional connection device based on prior art is being controlledIn system, must expend more resource and financial cost, therefore reliability also further reduces. And the friction of prior art connectsWhile connecing device as the brake of motor vehicles, be also difficult for having the function of parking braking, especially general parking braking function.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is devoted to the jockey of design based on brand new technical principle, to avoid above-mentioned shortcoming.

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of without power supply device and transmission device, torque capacity, workReliability and life-span are all higher, easy and simple to handle and be easy to line traffic control, the more simply compacter and more nonabradable space wedging of structureFormula frictional connection device.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention's spatial-wedging friction connector, comprises, around an axis revolution and canAxial engagement at least one traction friction mechanism, its have around described axis turn round and be provided with rubbing surface at least roughlyFor intermediate piece and the friction member of ring-type, both sides' rubbing surface can axially form traction friction pair with offseting, with between this two memberTransmit friction torque; For this traction friction mechanism provide engaging force and around above-mentioned axis rotating at least one rotate Guiding machineStructure, it has the guide that is at least roughly ring-type and the intermediate piece that turn round and be provided with corresponding spigot surface around above-mentioned axis,Both sides' spigot surface can axially form guiding friction pair with offseting; And, conciliate wedge with the wedge that enters of operationally controlling intermediate pieceMode, control frictional connection device Engage and disengage enter wedge controlling organization; Wherein, the mutual conflict position of guiding friction pairLift angle λ, be greater than zero and be less than or equal to ξ, that is, 0 < λ≤ξ, ξ can cause guiding friction pair and traction friction pair week upwardsAll small end endpoint values in the value open interval of the lift angle λ of not self-locking.

For sealing best axial force, can be provided with two around the rotating friction mechanism that can axial engagement of above-mentioned axis,One of them is above-mentioned traction friction mechanism, and wherein another is to be at least non-rotatably combined respectively with guide and friction memberPower transmission friction mechanism together, or another above-mentioned traction friction mechanism.

Alternatively, the span of above-mentioned lift angle λ can also be: ζ < λ≤ξ, or, 0 < λ≤ζ (as ζ > 0), wherein,ζ can cause guiding friction pair week upwards to open the small end endpoint value of right enclosed interval in a left side of the lift angle λ of self-locking, also causesMake to draw the upwards maximum of the lift angle λ of self-locking of friction pair week.

Preferably, also can include at least one limiter element, its can with guide, intermediate piece and friction member at the mostOne, connect into force-closed formula combined member at least non-rotatable mode, closed to set up axial force each otherConflict and connect.

Preferably, above-mentioned guide, intermediate piece, friction member or limiter element are bag shape members, in order to set up each otherThe closed conflict of axial force connect, it is provided with the inner peripheral surface around the rotating at least roughly half cycle of above-mentioned axis, and is positioned atThe circumferential recess of the roughly half cycle on this inner peripheral surface and be communicated to the entrance of this circumferential recess by the outer peripheral face of above-mentioned bag shape member.

Alternatively, also comprise at least one flexible member, it is arranged on and is positioned at that to rotate at least one of guiding mechanism axialBetween two axial resistance surfaces of end, to form flexible axial seal force.

Preferably, the spigot surface of guide and intermediate piece is the screw type flank of tooth, its be arranged on this two member comprise end face,On a surface of inner peripheral surface and outer peripheral face; In axial plane, the angle between this screw type flank of tooth and above-mentioned axis is greater than 0Degree, is less than 180 degree.

Alternatively, limiter element is the cup-shaped shell with center hole.

Preferably, combined member can comprise upwards symmetrical two semi circular shells and at least one circumferential band at least roughly of footpath,The shape of these two semi circular shells has such combined effect, that is, the assembly that the two radial abutment forms, be provided with aroundThe center hole of above-mentioned axis and be positioned at the circumferential recess around described axis on this center hole inner peripheral surface; Above-mentioned circumferential bandTo be arranged on the form on the middle part of assembly or the outer peripheral face of outer end, fix this assembly.

Alternatively, at least one in traction friction mechanism and power transmission friction mechanism, two corresponding rubbing surface is half coneDrift angle is greater than 0 degree and is less than the frusto-conical surface of 180 degree.

For increasing ζ and ξ, traction friction mechanism can be many friction disk types friction mechanism, and it is quantitatively all minimum is oneAnd axially staggered two groups of friction plates, are non-rotatably connected to respectively friction member and intermediate piece.

For increasing torque capacity, power transmission friction mechanism can be many friction disk types friction mechanism, and it is quantitatively all minimum isOne and axial staggered two groups of friction plates, be non-rotatably connected to respectively friction member and guide.

Improve as one, enter wedge controlling organization and comprise that one for changing the circumferential position of intermediate piece relative guideGovernor motion, this governor motion is arranged on guide, intermediate piece, friction member or limiter element directly or indirectly.

Improve as the second, enter wedge controlling organization and comprise the stepless supporting mechanism arranging around above-mentioned axis, and arrangeTrigger mechanism on limiter element. The former is arranged between limiter element and supported, axially to go up this quilt of moving in stepless wayThe mode of support member, the closed conflict of axial force of setting up between limiter element and guide, intermediate piece and friction member is connected;The latter causes the former to set up and cancels the closed conflict of this axial force and be connected with manner of actuation. Supported is guide, intermediaryPart with in friction member with non-rotatable that being connected of limiter element.

Further, enter wedge controlling organization and also comprise that the circumferential free degree is more than or equal to zero circumferential position-limit mechanism, with twoThat on individual circumferencial direction, prevents intermediate piece freely enters wedge, and this mechanism has at least one spacing preiection, and corresponding and unvaryinglyReceive the limited impression of this spacing preiection, both are separately positioned on intermediate piece and guide at least indirectly.

Preferably, spacing preiection at least has circumferential elasticity, and circumferentially the circumferential free degree of position-limit mechanism equals zero.

One is improved again, and stepless supporting mechanism comprises around above-mentioned axis setting and be at least the roughly support member of ring-type,It is by axially conflicting and rotating two kinds of connected modes of guiding, is connected to respectively limiter element and supported. And, support memberThe circumferential free degree of limiter element is relatively at least large to causing stepless supporting mechanism can set up the closed conflict of above-mentioned axial forceThe degree connecting.

Another kind improves again, and stepless supporting mechanism comprises can axial stretching and include the inner sealing cavity dress of fluidPut, be arranged on unilaterally connected valve, the relief valve on limiter element and the passage that three is interconnected. Trigger mechanism comprises thisUnilaterally connected valve and this relief valve.

Alternatively, inner sealing cavity device is cylinder one piston apparatus that comprises limiter element and supported.

Alternatively, inner sealing cavity device comprises the soft capsule that is provided with import and export.

Alternatively, trigger mechanism also comprises variable volume and includes the outer closure cavity device of fluid, and it comprises limiterElement and the flexible sheet that is connected to this limiter element outer surface, and by above-mentioned unilaterally connected valve, relief valve and passage, withInner sealing cavity device is communicated with.

Improve as the third, upwards mutually nested rotation guiding mechanism and at least one elasticity unit of two footpaths can be setPart. Two guides and two intermediate pieces of Gai Liang mechanism, be positioned at the form on equidirectional end face with spigot surface, connects respectivelyBecome rigidity one, and non-rotatably connect into circumferential one; Friction pair separately leads in these two rotation guiding mechanismsLift angle λ, is greater than respectively zero and be less than or equal to ζ, and is greater than ζ and is less than or equal to ξ; Flexible member axially at least indirectlyConflict to lift angle λ and be greater than zero and be less than or equal to the described rotation guiding mechanism of ζ.

It should be noted that, the related notion in present specification or the implication of term are as follows:

Indirectly arrange: be arranged on on non-rotatable other member being connected of the destination member arranging.

Rotate guiding mechanism: circumference is relatively rotated to be converted at least comprise and axially relatively moving or the guiding of mobile trendMechanism. For example, the slides/rolls formula spiral of lead angle strict conformance and not strict conformance or part screw mechanism, radial pegGroove mechanism, end face wedge mechanism, end face embeding mechanism, end ratchet mechanism, and, cylinder/edge cam mechanism.

Space wedge mechanism: by rotating guiding mechanism and drawing the composite structure that friction mechanism forms.

Enter wedge: also claiming wedging, and separate wedge/go wedge contrary, is exactly that intermediate piece 90 can drive guide 50 and friction member 70Ground connects/is combined into the course of work and the state of a friction piece.

ζ and ξ: the Important Limit angle of space wedge mechanism, the intermediate piece 90 as shown in Fig. 1,4, on the one hand, by its frictionFace for example 104 is at least axially conflicted with the traction rubbing surface 72 of friction member 70, to form the W with joint efforts of normal pressure at conflict positionBe not orthogonal to the one group of traction friction pair that at least comprises of the rotary type traction friction mechanism F1 of axis of rotation X; The opposing partyFace, by such as 94a of its spigot surface towards a certain circumferencial direction, with for example at least axle of 54a of corresponding spigot surface of guide 50To conflict, to form rotation guiding mechanism G that the N that makes a concerted effort of normal pressure at conflict position is not orthogonal to axis of rotation X at leastComprise one group of guiding friction pair of; Putting down of the angle of the common tangent at this conflict position and the vertical plane as for axis of rotation XAverage, is called the lift angle λ at this conflict position; Again on the one hand, also can act on such as for elasticity pretension by other surface orOther active force of spacing object, referring to Fig. 5～6,10～13; In the rotation guiding operating mode of rotating guiding mechanism G, namelyGuide 50 starts to have constantly and drives intermediate piece 90 to rotate relative to friction member 70 along arrow P direction in Fig. 4 for exampleIn trend, the minimum lift angle at the conflict position, both sides surface of the friction pair self-locking of can guaranteeing to lead is defined as ζ, and maximum lift angleBe defined as ξ. These two limiting angles defined completely relative guide 50 forwards of intermediate piece 90 dynamic and static stop motionless and backwardThe every forms of motion rotating. Concrete meaning is as follows:

1,, in the time that ξ < λ < 90 are spent, guiding friction pair and traction friction pair all can not friction self-lockings, by guiding friction pairNormal pressure N, or its component Q and T, guide 50 can cause intermediate piece 90 relative its forward that is arrow P direction slidingTurn and/or extrude. Therefore, guide 50 can not be become a friction piece by intermediate piece 90 wedgings with friction member 70. Just due to pressurePower N is derived from non-resilient power, or is derived from elastic force but limit by element structure, just causes intermediate piece 90 only to be pushed away by guide 50Moving friction member 70 frictions relatively trackslips and is not extruded by actual.

2, as ζ<λ≤ξ and λ>0 time, guiding friction pair is in constant self-locking state, and traction friction pair is in can not self-lockingGeneral static friction state. Now, the traction that the transmission capacity of space wedge mechanism is unique draws friction pair while being decided by wedgingFriction torque. Therefore, although intermediate piece 90 can become a friction piece with friction member 70 wedgings by guide 50, at friction memberWhen 70 relative guides 50 transship, traction friction pair just can be broken through its static friction state/maximum static friction resistance and naturally turnEnter sliding friction state, guiding friction pair is not because also breaking through its static friction state/resistance all the time in constant self-lockingState. Accordingly, space wedge mechanism is in half wedging state, and frictional connection device is in non-complete engagement state.

3, when 0<λ≤ζ (for ζ>0 situation), traction friction pair is in constant self-locking state, guiding friction vice division chiefIn general static friction state. The transmission capacity of space wedge mechanism is unique lead while the being decided by wedging maximum static friction of friction pairTorque/guiding friction torque. Therefore, although intermediate piece 90 can become a friction piece with friction member 70 wedgings by guide 50,But in the time that the relative guide 50 of friction member 70 transships, intermediate piece 90 just can break through guiding friction pair static friction state/maximum quietFrictional resistance and there is relative guide 50 trend of climbing of trackslipping, just this trend of climbing can by the stiff shaft of wedge mechanism toForce-closed structure stops (except non-pressure N is derived from elastic force), so guiding friction pair can forcibly be maintained and be equal toThe general static friction state of self-locking. , intermediate piece 90, guide 50 and friction member 70 threes are forced wedging/be combined intoRotate entirety, the situation that there will not be trackslips mutually climbs, is loaded onto structure damage unless crossed. Space wedge mechanism thereby in classLike absolute self-locking/wedging state of diagonal-bracing type freewheel clutch, its transmission capacity is only decided by structural strength.

From general knowledge, λ equals the situation of ζ, is only present in and is present in theory and not in reality. That is to say, because of notSimultaneously self-locking and inevitable the trackslipped friction pair that exist all the time one group of not self-locking, the thing of (space) wedge mechanism transmitting torqueReason essence can only be friction, instead of the friction self-locking of prior art identification.

Obviously, above-mentioned lift angle λ is exactly the angle of wedge of space wedge mechanism, also claims wedging angle/choke angle, and only 0 < λ≤When ξ, space wedge mechanism can wedging, and frictional connection device can engage.

The frictional connection device of prior art relatively, according to spatial-wedging friction connector of the present invention or its system, because ofSave power supply device and transmission device and significantly simplified overall structure, reduced cost of manufacture, simplified operation sequence, withTime there is higher transmission capacity/torque capacity, and the security of higher reliability and Geng Gao. By following embodiment'sIllustrate and accompanying drawing, it is more clear and clear that objects and advantages of the present invention will seem.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is according to the axial section of mechanical stepless brace type frictional connection device of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the end view of the bag-shaped limiter element of annular that represents with the left view form of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the end view of the support member that represents with the left view form of Fig. 1.

The flank profil of Fig. 4 Shi Tu1Zhong Ge mechanism is to the local expansion figure of same external cylindrical surface radially projecting.

Fig. 5 is according to the axial section of the stepless brace type frictional connection of a kind of fluid of the present invention device.

Fig. 6 is according to the axial section of the stepless brace type frictional connection of another fluid of the present invention device.

Fig. 7 is the partial schematic diagram of K-K section in Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is the partial schematic diagram of Y-Y section in Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram with the balancing component of Z-Z cross section view form performance in Fig. 7.

Figure 10 is according to the axial section of a kind of stepless brace type frictional connection of fluid device with combination tooth of the present inventionFigure.

Figure 11 be according to of the present invention another there is axially the cuing open of fluid stepless brace type frictional connection device of combination toothFace figure.

Figure 12 is according to the axial section of the stepless brace type frictional connection of a kind of adjustable elastic of the present invention device.

Figure 13 is according to the axial section of the stepless brace type frictional connection of another adjustable elastic of the present invention device.

Wherein, for ease of performance and explanation, the first half of Fig. 1,5～6,10～13 axis X is divided corresponding to separating wedge-typeFrom state, the latter half is corresponding to wedging type engagement state.

Detailed description of the invention

Necessary explanation: for short and sweet, in the text of this description and institute's drawings attached, same or analogous member and featurePosition all adopts identical Reference numeral, and only in the time that they occur for the first time or have modification, gives necessary explanation. Equally, alsoThe working mechanism of the same or similar mechanism of not repeat specification or process. For difference is arranged on identical on symmetry or correspondence positionMember or characteristic portion, this description has added letter after its Reference numeral, and during in general reference explanation or without difference,Not additional any letter.

Embodiment mono-: the spatial-wedging friction connector CB1 with mechanical stepless supporting mechanism.

Shown in Fig. 1～4 is wheel one through-drive formula frictional connection device CB1, and it comprises around axis X and forms and have an axial forceThe limiter element 180 of closing function. This limiter element 180 is a ring-type bag shape member best, and it is in axis X formationThe axial middle part of side face 84 is provided with the dish type ring-type circumferential recess 78 for plane best coaxial line. This circumferential recessThe inner surface of 78 approximately half cycle, extends to the periphery of limiter element 180 best along the two tangential direction H that are parallel to each other and H 'Face, and form uiform section rectangle entrance 82. The inner radial surface 80 of circumferential recess 78, thereby extend into and there is U font cross sectionThe non-closed interior radial surface of shape. Axially, can trackslip successively and be arranged on the pipe that the interior ring side of guide 50 is extended towards the innerIntermediate piece 90 on shape matrix 60 outer peripheral faces, friction member 70 and support member 220 in the form of a ring roughly, can be along Fig. 2 hollow core arrowDirection, in company with guide 50 one by entrance 82 to be directly brought into circumferential recess 78, and by axially can trackslip throughThe first axle 200 in limiter element 180 endoporus, is radially positioned in axis X. This radial location obviously also can be trackslipped by non-Rolling bearing is realized. Meanwhile, by the connected mode such as spline pair, the first axle 200 is non-rotatably connected to tubular matrix60 inner peripheral surface.

Be to be noted that at this circumferential recess 78 is uiform section rectangle with entrance 82 in the form of a ring, be all realize of the present inventionBest but and nonessential setting. In fact, as long as can include in such as guide 50 and intermediate piece 90, circumferential recess 78 and entrance82 can have arbitrary shape and unequal section. As a same reason, the inner peripheral surface 84 of limiter element 180 also essential circumferentially sealing andCorresponding to through endoporus, it for example can be the U-shaped opening shape of half cycle roughly and completely corresponding to a blind hole, as long as at thisOn inner peripheral surface 84, can set out the circumferential recess 78 of the roughly half cycle of the revolving member such as intermediate piece 90 in order to storage.

Obviously, the ring-type bag shape limiter element 180 of axial force sealing can be also a combined member. For example,, by allAs the fastening means of welding, riveted joint or bolt connection and so on, by axial a cup-shaped shell-type limiter element with center holeBe fixedly attached to the end face of a dish type annulus, and limit circumferential recess 78. For another example, by such as welding, in comprising axiallyThe mode that is fastenedly connected of at least one circumferential band or ring gear and so on is set to interference, by footpath on the outer peripheral face of portion and/or outer endUpwards at least roughly symmetrical, and on semicircle inner headed face, be provided with two semicircle shell-type limiter elements of semicircle circumferential slot,Radially regularly to being connected into a combined type ring-type limiter element that limits complete circumferential recess 78. Dependency structure more detailedDescribe bright and diagram in detail, can referring to above two patent applications of overall combination, be not described further herein.

Continue referring to Fig. 1, friction member 70, by its outer peripheral face, arranges a form edge with shape of cross section complementationEntrance 82 radially extends to the mode of the flanged type arm of force 75 of its outer rim, non-rotatably connects into one with limiter element 180Combined type bag shape friction member. Two circumferential flank surface of the arm of force 75, can be simultaneously complementary with two circumferential walls of entrance 82 respectivelyThe engagement of formula ground, and transmitting torque. Be best on the inner face of ladder outer shroud of the guide 50 of ladder ring-type, be provided with one groupBest around the circumferential uniform bidirectional screw type guiding tooth 52 of axis X. Correspondingly, the end face in the face of guide 50 of intermediate piece 90Upper, be provided with the one group of screw type guiding tooth 92 that is complementary structure with the tooth 52 that leads. Guiding tooth 52 and 92 is chimeric unvaryingly, structureBecome best around rotating contact-type Double-directional rotary guiding mechanism G of axis X. In addition, intermediate piece 90 is by its anodontia end faceRevolution rubbing surface 104, can be arranged on rotary type on friction member 70 opposing end surfaces traction friction with complimentary fashion bestFace 72 frictions are connected, and form revolving molding surface contact traction friction mechanism F1. And guide 50 is by the power transmission on its anodontia end faceRubbing surface 58, can with an inner face that is arranged on circumferential recess 78, the namely circular dish type end of limiter element 180Power transmission rubbing surface 74 frictions of 188b inner face are connected, and form and are non-rotatably combined with guide 50 and friction member 70 respectivelyTogether, and directly transmit the revolving molding surface contact power transmission friction mechanism F2 of friction torque between the two. Traction friction mechanism F1G forms face type space wedge mechanism jointly with rotation guiding mechanism, and this mechanism is again together with power transmission friction mechanism F2, and formation is rubbedWipe the spatial-wedging friction bindiny mechanism of the axial force sealing of connector CB1.

Should be noted that, the implication that the application " directly transmits friction torque " refers to, the transmission of torque between two membersPath is only through a friction mechanism, and without any second other mechanism, the friction that itself and this friction mechanism hasThe quantity of face/sheet is without any relation.

Must particularly point out, in view of possessing the feature of full circumferential surface contact friction, should be best in frictional connection device CB1Be filled with the brake fluid or the cooling fluid that help heat radiation, especially when the brake, to form wet friction environment. Meanwhile,Also should be in friction surface or the inside of friction member 70 members such as grade, with reference to known technology, arrange best and communicate with each other accordinglyFor example radial passage, for example radial direction through hole 79 in Fig. 5.

Obviously, because dish type ring-type circumferential recess 78 is arranged to planar disc but not cone plate-like best, therefore, connectorCB1 can not require the coaxial accuracy between combination and the limiter element 180 of guide 50 and intermediate piece 90 in theory. AlsoIn other words, can be not to the rotation guiding mechanism G in frictional connection mechanism, traction friction mechanism F1 and power transmission friction mechanism F2 tri-Between person and the axiality of three and axis X do excessive demand, when especially rotating speed is not high. As long as two face contact RotatingFriction pair is perpendicular to axis X, and guide 50 and the mutual coaxial line of intermediate piece 90 only with very little relative rotation are establishedPut. And relative modern crafts ensure that axiality between these two annular components is again a simple and labor cheaplyMoving. Therefore, this is by the requirement and the cost that significantly reduce making, assembling and use connector CB1.

Detailed relation and the architectural feature of Double-directional rotary guiding mechanism G are described in conjunction with Fig. 4 below again. Wherein, bestThe opposed facing spigot surface 54 of the every pair of end-surface type screw type guiding tooth 52 and 92 that there is trapezoidal cross-section and radially extendWith 94, be all complementally configured to the screw type flank of tooth, after both are circumferential bonded to each other, just can form corresponding to different circumferencial directionsThe spiral guiding friction pair of two groups of faces contact. Preferably, respectively towards two groups of spigot surface 54a of different circumferencial directions andTwo complementary lift angle λ of 94a and 54b and 94b_aAnd λ_b, all equal symmetrically λ. Usually, 0 < λ≤ξ, distinguishingly, ζ < λ≤ξ or 0<λ≤ζ (work as ζ>0). Obviously, if only need transmit unidirectional torque, lift angle λ_aAnd λ_bIn one, can wait bestIn 90 degree of the X that parallels to the axis. Preferably, the tooth depth of all guiding teeth 52 and 92, is all configured to not hinder corresponding to differenceTwo groups of spigot surface 54a of circumferencial direction and 94a and 54b and 94b laminating in the axial direction time, that is tooth top is separately with eachAxial minimum spacing δ from teeth groove groove bottom of living in is greater than zero best, with ensure to rotate the circumferential free degree of guiding mechanism G/Can equal zero in gap.

Easily understand, the multiple guiding teeth 52 on guide 50 end faces, are exactly in fact the chisel teeth of space wedge mechanism,Its spigot surface 54a and 54b little by little axially draw rubbing surface 72 near the rotary type of friction member 70 towards two circumferencial directions respectively,And surround respectively two groups with the latter and respectively comprise multiple end face wedge shape spaces along circumferential extension. And be arranged on the plurality of wedge shape skyBetween in multiple guiding teeth 92 be exactly wedging, it is not because must radial motion being mutually merged into best a part,The intermediate piece 90 of entirety ring-type.

For the entering wedge and remove wedge of implementation space wedged friction bindiny mechanism at any time, in frictional connection device CB1, also establish especiallyBe equipped with into wedge controlling organization, operably to force the closed conflict of axial force of setting up or cancel frictional connection mechanism to connect.Wherein, enter wedge controlling organization and comprise that is rotated the stepless supporting mechanism SS of guide type, the SS of this mechanism comprises as supportedFriction member 70, support member 220 and limiter element 180, referring to Fig. 1,3,4. Roughly support member 220 in the form of a ring, on axiallySimultaneously rigidity is conflicted to another inner face of friction member 70 and circumferential recess 78 and is namely supported end face 189, and does to haveThe mode that limit is rotated, is arranged between friction member 70 and limiter element 180.

In the present embodiment, stepless supporting mechanism SS is specially one taking support member 220 as intermediate piece and has limiting angle ξ 'Another space wedge mechanism, it is provided with best the rotation guiding mechanism UG for one-way type. Two of this guiding mechanism UGGroup has the one-way spiral type guiding tooth 62 and 232 of complementary structure, is separately positioned on the mutual of friction member 70 and support member 220On the annular end face of facing, so that guiding to conflict, both rotations are connected. In fact, guiding tooth 62 and 232 also can be established respectivelyPut and supporting on end face 224 and 189. Referring to Fig. 3～4, guiding tooth 62 and 232 has jagged profile of tooth best, and the two is establishedBeing equipped with lift angle is the complementary spigot surface 64 and 234 of screw type of λ ', the non-spigot surface 61 and 236 of the X that parallels to the axis best, withAnd crest top land 238. Wherein, λ '≤ξ ', the definition of ξ ' is same as ξ.

In addition, on the outer peripheral face of support member 220, be provided with best the twisting resistance that radially extends to its outer rim along entrance 82Arm 222. This arm of force 222 has upwards suitable intilted circumferential flank surface 228 of week, can make this arm of force 222 and entrance 82Between two circumferential walls, there is best running clearance, and ensure the relative friction member 70 of support member 220 have enough circumferentially fromBy degree ε '. Like this, limiter element 180 rotatable support 220 relatively, just can be within this circumferential free degree ε ', mutually to conflictRotary type to support end face 224 and 189 be datum level, the axial supported height that infinitely regulates friction member 70. This adjusting canPromote friction member 70 by intermediate piece 90 and guide 50 seamlessly rigidity compress/conflict on power transmission rubbing surface 74, or removeSell compress/conflict of this rigidity state, thereby forcibly set up or cancel the closed conflict of the axial force company of frictional connection mechanismConnect, and finally force space wedge mechanism on two circumferencial directions, to enter reliably wedge or separate wedge. Wherein, guide 50, intermediaryAxial freedom/gap delta in circumferential recess 78 of part 90, friction member 70 and support member 220 ', be greater than zero but be less than or equal toState the λ ' apart from ε ' × tg that moves axially of the corresponding rotation guiding movement of circumferential free degree ε '. Optimally, can be in for example power transmissionBetween rubbing surface 74 and friction member 70, helical compression spring is set, or, straight line steel is set in the respective radial holes of limiter element 180Silk spring, is conflicted to the outer radial flange (not shown) of friction member 70 constantly by intermediate piece 90 one end respectively, so that separate shapeAxial freedom/gap delta in state ', all the time between the rubbing surface of friction mechanism F1 or F2, thereby reduce frictional resistance and millDamage.

For manipulating, enter wedge controlling organization and also comprise the trigger mechanism AC triggering into wedge action/process. This trigger mechanism ACBe a cylindrical cam mechanism best, it comprises the benchmark projection 122 being radially arranged on the 188b outer peripheral face of dish type end,Radially be arranged on the guide protrusions 132 on the arm of force 222 outer peripheral faces, and can trackslip and be arranged on limiter element 180 outer peripheral facesOn triggering ring 120. Correspondingly, trigger on the inner peripheral surface that encircles 120 and be provided with the baseline trough of receiving slidably benchmark projection 122124, and, the gathering sill 134 of guide protrusions 132 received slidably. Baseline trough 124 can be by one end with gathering sill 134The different sections with different lead angles of the same conduit that portion starts can be to extend to respectively two of an end face mutuallyIndependently inner peripheral surface conduit can be also the conduit of radial direction through hole formula. Preferably, trigger on the outer peripheral face that encircles 120 and be provided with cunningAnnular groove 126, is arranged at unshowned shift fork wherein, can according to known manner best flexible drive trigger ring and 120 move axially.In fact, triggering ring 120 also can be driven with its static component that rotatably axial restraint is connected by one. And it is axialTrigger-type motivator can be according to known technology, by mechanical mechanism, electromagnetic mechanism, hydraulic mechanism or comprise the electromechanical mechanism of stepper motorProvide nearby. For example, driven by known steel ball link-type centrifugal mechanism, just can obtain rapid joint or separation but engaging force withThe centrifugal friction connector that rotating speed is irrelevant.

Arrange, trigger mechanism AC has such effect. That is, move axially trigger ring 120, for example in Fig. 1 by a left sideTo right, by the mobile guide effect of gathering sill 134, can cause guide protrusions 132 to be rotated relative to limiter element 180, for example edgeArrow P direction in Fig. 4, thus the guide type that drives support member 220 to do in the same way relative to friction member 70 rotates, and supportingPart 220 was circumferentially conflicted to the circumferential wall of entrance 82, promotes friction member 70 intermediate piece 90 and guide 50 are supported rigidlyTouch to power transmission rubbing surface 74, connect forcibly to set up the closed conflict of axial force, as shown in the Lower Half of Fig. 1. And axleTo the reverse mobile ring 120 that triggers, execution, completely in contrast to upper action, is forced to cancel the closed conflict of above-mentioned axial force and is connectedConnect, and can make the axial free clearance sum between above-mentioned member, again approach or equal axial freedom δ ', upper as Fig. 1Shown in half portion.

And on two circumferencial directions, reliably enter wedge in order to ensure intermediate piece 90, and enter the reliability and of wedge actionCausing property, enters wedge controlling organization and also includes best the circumferential position-limit mechanism that limits the circumferential free degree of rotating guiding mechanism G. ShouldCircumferentially position-limit mechanism is that the circumferential free degree being arranged between guide 50 and intermediate piece 90 is more than or equal to zero bestAxial/radial cotter way formula embeding mechanism, it at least comprises that the centering type spacing preiection 68 of is arranged on guiding tooth tooth whereinOn end face, for example, on the crest top land of the guiding tooth 52 of illustrating in Fig. 4, and accommodate the right of this projection 68 in order to permanent axially slidablyChinese style limited impression 118, is arranged in for example bottom land of relative guiding tooth 92. Best, spacing preiection 68 should be extremelyHave less circumferential elasticity concurrently, and be arranged on the radially inner side of guiding tooth 52, for example, served as by an Embedded spring steel wire.Now, circumferentially the circumferential free degree of position-limit mechanism, can equal zero best.

Certainly, have best flexible spacing preiection 68 and groove 118 concurrently, also can be arranged on guide 50 and intermediate piece 90Opposed facing inner and outer circumferential surfaces on, so that by both sides, elastic shrinkage is integral constantly, related description refers in rear, or,Ground connection is arranged on on non-rotatable other member being connected of guide 50 and intermediate piece 90. For example, the interior week of limiter element 180On the outer peripheral face of face and intermediate piece 90, referring to Fig. 5,6,10, and can there is the form connecting such as feather key/pin. In addition, above-mentionedAxial elasticity contractile function also can by one independently flexible member provide, for example, be set in intermediate piece 90 and guide simultaneouslyOn 50 outer peripheral face and two terminations embed respectively the spiral tension spring in respective radial holes on these two outer peripheral faces.

Arrange, circumferentially position-limit mechanism has such effect. That is, in released state, intermediate piece 90 and guide 50Axially conflict, the mode all simultaneously contacting with 94b with spigot surface 54a and 94a and 54b is carried out. Like this, in any directionWedging type engages, and frictional connection device CB1 all can not produce circumferential idle stroke, and corresponding friction is impacted. And, go wedge-typeSeparation process, by simple and direct and rapid, has significant step evolution. Even if lift angle λ value is in the angle of climb interval of 0～ζ, limit convexPlay 68 circumferential barrier effect and also can make this process complete in step mode, and can not complete with gradual manner.

The course of work of frictional connection device CB1 is very simple. In released state, drive and trigger ring by unshowned shift fork120 move axially, for example mobile from left to right in Fig. 1, just can cause the relative friction member 70 of support member 220 along such as Fig. 4Middle arrow P direction is rotated, thereby by the rotation guide effect of stepless supporting mechanism SS, forces and rotate guiding mechanism G, leadsDraw friction mechanism F1 and power transmission friction mechanism F2 completes axial laminating as described above simultaneously, that is force to set up axially simultaneouslyForce-closed formula is conflicted and is connected. So, guide 50 relative to friction member 70 along the rotating of any direction, all can force intermediate piece 90The two wedging is become to a friction piece, and then proceed to wedging type engagement state. Afterwards, trigger ring 120 without applying constantly dimensionHold power, frictional connection device CB1 all can be maintained this wedged friction connection status, stably transmitting torque adaptively.

Particularly, when completing the closed conflict of above-mentioned axial force and connecting or afterwards, as long as guide 50 has constantlyMake to drive the trend of rotating along for example arrow P direction in Fig. 4 relative to friction member 70, friction member 70 all will be by traction frictionThe traction friction torque of the F1 of mechanism, is drawing the intermediate piece 90 that rotates guiding mechanism G, and guide 50 is along arrow R indication side relativelyTo the guiding movement that rotates. Move axially/the tension force that this rotation guiding movement produces, leading, tooth 92 moment wedging existsIn the end face wedge shape space that spigot surface 54a and traction rubbing surface 72 surround, namely intermediate piece 90 is by guide 50 and frictionPart 70 wedgings become a friction piece, and when traction friction mechanism F1 thereby axial engagement, this tension force also by guide 50Carving swelling, connects to form the closed conflict of axial force namely on power transmission rubbing surface 74 at the corresponding inner face of limiter element 180The mode connecing, causes power transmission friction mechanism F2 also synchronously to engage, and guide 50 and friction member is upwards directly connected into for 70 weeksA friction piece. Referring to Fig. 1 the latter half.

So frictional connection device CB1 engages along with the wedging of space wedge mechanism. By in tubular matrix 60 endoporusThe driving torque M that one axle 200 imports into₀, be divided into via the wedging friction of rotating guiding mechanism G and traction friction mechanism F1 transmission and turnSquare M₁, and the power transmission friction torque M directly transmitting via power transmission friction mechanism F2₂, pass to respectively the friction member of circumferential one70 and limiter element 180, then unshowned power transmission characteristic surface on the inside and outside side face of the latter or end face, pass to not shownOther member. Wherein, M₀=M₁+M₂. Obviously, the size of above-mentioned axial tension force, wedging power/engaging force and each frictional force, allBe proportional to completely adaptively M₁, namely driving torque M₀。

Far and away, due to week symmetry upwards, guide 50 turns along the relative friction member 70 of arrow R direction in Fig. 4The course of work when moving, is quite analogous to naturally, without repeat specification in this. In addition, torque also can be by contrary to the aboveTransmit in path, and the course of work does not have any essential difference.

But be necessary to particularly point out, as mentioned above, frictional connection device CB1, can only having in the arranging of ζ < λ≤ξTransship the antioverloading destruction function of skidding to obtain adaptively relatively driving torque, but prerequisite be torque must be by guide 50Transmit to friction member 70/ limiter element 180, namely transmitted to the path direction of wheel by axle along as above, instead of phaseInstead. Particularly, from the basic general knowledge of kinematics of the moment of momentum theorem/momentum theorem, possesses very important rotary inertiaLoad, or with the limiter element 180 of this load coupling, the moment that its rotating speed can not engage at frictional connection device CB1 producesAscending to heaven or rapid drawdown of phase step type. So, between by the loading component of frictional connection and the first axle 200, there is larger speed discrepancyTime, there is the above-mentioned wedging type engaging process of the frictional connection device CB1 that ζ < λ≤ξ arranges, must be one and occur adaptively shortThe transient process that temporary overload is trackslipped, until overload finishes, can not produce harmful impact, yet can not cause and stop prime mover or cause phaseClose the damage of member. And its friction slip torque/axial engagement power equals or all the time adaptively corresponding to driving torqueM₀, can not cause its wedge dead. Obviously the engagement characteristics that, this overload is skidded will be particularly conducive to the operating mode of clutch and braking.

For example,, if the first axle 200 is coupled in to wheel shaft or the track sprocket shaft of for example motor vehicles, by limiter element180 are coupled in fixed frame (not shown), as the frictional connection device CB1 of brake, will therefore and best have self adaptationABS anti-locking brake function. Without help or the support of any other element or system, more without detecting any rotating speed and passThe slip rate of note traction and wheel, its braking moment all can be adaptively to equaling the driving from the first axle 200Torque M₀, and this torque M₀Maximum again adaptively corresponding to the maximum ground adhesive force of wheel/crawler belt. And, this ABSAnti-locking brake function has nothing to do in any design parameter of vehicle, has versatility widely, is significantly better than prior art.Crucially, connector CB1 also can have best parking braking function simultaneously, and can automatically service brake directly be transferred to canThe parking braking of leaning on, and be easy to be designed to removed by the interlock of the trample action of for example accelerator pedal.

Afterwards, in the time that needs finish wedging type engagement state, only need to carry out above-mentioned contrary operation, remove rigid support,Remove axial force sealing connection status. , drive triggering ring 120 oppositely to move by unshowned shift fork, for example, in Fig. 1In mobile from right to left, just can cause support member 220 relatively friction member 70 edges for example in Fig. 4 arrow R direction rotate, alsoIt is exactly the rotation of doing the guide effect of removing stepless supporting mechanism SS. Therefore, the normal pressure between spigot surface 64 and 234 and itsRotate guide effect, mutually disengage disappearing in a flash and simultaneously of trend by producing along with two spigot surfaces. Nature, based on thisThe axial support power of the SS of mechanism and two friction mechanism F1 and F2 and the whole space wedge mechanism of working, will separate immediately orSeparate wedge, and because the G of mechanism, F1 and F2 axially laminating simultaneously, and make space wedge mechanism lose again the possibility of wedging. InBe, frictional connection device CB1 finishes to engage and again proceeds to solution wedge-type released state, and intermediate piece 90 starts to follow guide 50 togetherFriction member 70 and limiter element 180 dally relatively. Referring to Fig. 1 the first half.

Should be noted that and cause frictional connection device CB1 to engage and the motivator separating, namely act on slip ring grooveThe axial driving force of 126 inner faces, for separating of compare for engage for large. But, with reference to the foregoing, stepless supportThe guiding lift angle λ ' of the SS of mechanism is set to more close to limiting angle ξ ', drives support member 220 to do the control that point dissociation wedges rotateTorque is just more close to zero, and trigger-type control is also just easier. In theory, this torque is along with λ ' equals ξ ' and equals zero (supportPart 220 is critical in the circumferentially state of " extruding " of normal force being applied on spigot surface 234). Nature, corresponding to this controlling torqueThe axial force of mobile slip ring groove 126 also can be therefore close to or equal zero, and therefore and best need the axial dimension continuingHold power, to maintain triggering state, improve the reliability of stepless supporting mechanism SS wedging. Such as, by guide protrusions 132 and guidingThe friction self-locking of groove 134, by the locking/detent mechanism with elastic component, or by groove type elastic locating mechanism, causesTrigger ring 120 is positioned on two axial locations that can cause frictional connection device CB1 to engage or to separate respectively reciprocally.

So far be not difficult to find the frictional connection that is specially for example slip clutch and brake of comparing prior artDevice, has many beneficial effects according to frictional connection device CB1 of the present invention.

First, the necessary power supply device of prior art and transmission device that it has thoroughly been abandoned, especially wherein both multipleThe assorted hydraulic system of costliness again, not only causes frictional connection device (system) structure significantly to be simplified and compactness, makes and assemblingCost is lower, is easy to realize easily line traffic control transmission or braking, particularly relatively large-scale or heavy duty transmission system, and,Also because axial engagement power high-strength had at least torque capacity of multiplication, axially and radial dimension all therefore and greatly contractLittle, system reliability greatly improves. Obviously, therefore the present invention has had significant versatility, is applicable to miniature to heavy-duty machineryAll applications of transmission.

Secondly, its wedged friction power is completely adaptively to equaling driving or the load torque from guide 50, baseOn this, have nothing to do in coefficient of friction, do not have the possibility that axial pressing force is excessive or not enough. Can have respectively and engage rear nonoverload justNon-slip, or also non-slip characteristic of overload, make frictional connection device CB1 there is higher reliability and security, and because ofThis has had optimal ABS anti-locking brake function in the simplest mode, and reliable parking braking function, or workWhat in industry, need is absolute without sliding braking function.

Again, its operation is easier, and action response is faster, more easily ensures that long distance arranges transmission or the system in scopeSynchronism, uniformity and the agility of action.

Again secondly,, it provides engaging force without the external world for each friction mechanism, essential continue or larger control, onlyIn the time separating or engage, need the motivator of trigger-type, thus more energy-conservation, and control device is simpler, moves lighter sensitive.

Finally, owing to having realized the simplification of lightweight, structure and control of system, therefore, as long as match simplySuch as machinery, electromagnetism, fluid or comprise the trigger mechanism/control device of step motor type, comprise this of frictional connection device CB1Bright controlled mechanical type, electromagnetic type, fluid-type or the electric-controlled type passive delivery frictional connection device of just can being specially, it will be excellent significantlyIn all kinds of relevant dynamic source clutch and the brake of prior art, and anhydrous gentle at right angle setting point. For example, haveThe electromagnetic actuation formula frictional connection device CB1 that 0 < λ≤ζ arranges, is just better than the slipping toothed electromagnetic clutch of prior art in all directions,And can replace. And such as engage centrifugal force trigger-type rapidly, electromagnetism dead electricity or the frictional connection device of electric trigger-typeCB1, just can be best as accident brake and/or the duty of the anti-hypervelocities of fall arrest such as lift car/cage/escalatorMoving device, or the runaway/fast brake of various heat power prime mover etc.

In addition, frictional connection device CB1 is also because of without centrifugal intertia force, and has the height that almost only depends on associated materials intensitySpeed turning power; Have hardly wearing and tearing because rotating guiding mechanism G, the frictional force of friction mechanism F1 and F2 electrically isolates from centrifugal inertiaPower also can be worn and torn by auto-compensation, and has longer working life.

For example, be not less than 50mm at the internal diameter of guide 50, the external diameter of limiter element 180 is between 98～175mm, axially wideDegree is between 60～100mm, and service factor and coefficient of friction be respectively 2.0 and at 0.1 o'clock, and the half cycle of only having an appointment can wedging and biographyThe frictional connection device CB1 of power, its wedged friction nominal torque just can reach the magnitude level of 2,790～16,900Nm. Even ifDecrease because the process structures such as radiating groove are set, its transmission capacity will be far away higher than prior art, particularly torqueDensity/the capacity transmitting.

Should be noted that, for seeking larger design freedom and making the easier wedging of space wedge mechanism or separate wedge,The present invention also has the technological means of various lifting limiting angle ζ and ξ numerical value. Comprise, will rotate spigot surface 54 Hes of guiding mechanism G94 are arranged to the tilted spiral type flank of tooth, the rubbing surface 72 and 104 of traction friction mechanism F1 are arranged to frusto-conical surface, to cause axleIn cross section spigot surface 54 and 94 or rubbing surface 72 and 104 and angle/half cone-apex angle of axis X no longer equal 90 degree, but equal 0Other value between～180 degree; Traction friction mechanism F1 is arranged to have to the structure of many friction plates; And, will possess largerThe material of coefficient of friction or element are attached at least one in rubbing surface 72 and 104. For example, be at confficient of static friction0.1 o'clock, the ζ in frictional connection device CB1 and ξ equaled respectively 0 degree and 11.4 degree, and only need be by the rubbing surface of traction friction mechanism F1Be arranged to this measure of frusto-conical surface that half cone-apex angle equals 30 degree, above-mentioned limiting angle just rises to respectively 5.6 degree and 17.02 degree.Here should be incidentally, this description has provided literal definition clearly and the explanation about limiting angle ζ and ξ, nothingNeed pay any performing creative labour, it is public that those of ordinary skill in the art all can derive its functional relation/calculating accordinglyFormula.

From general knowledge, during for increase equivalent diameter, torque capacity/transmission capacity of frictional connection device CB1 reduction are axiallyInternal force, traction friction mechanism F1 and power transmission friction mechanism F2 also can, according to known technology, be arranged respectively or simultaneously as described aboveFor many friction disk types friction mechanism, and therefore there is quantitatively more than one one group of traction friction pair or power transmission friction pair.

Easily expect, if between the power transmission rubbing surface in Fig. 1 58 and 74, then an intermediate piece is axially set symmetrically90, and form symmetrically respectively another with guide 50 and friction member 70 and rotate guiding mechanism G and traction friction mechanism F1,So, frictional connection device CB1 will no longer have power transmission friction mechanism F2, share same combined type bag but have two simultaneouslyThe traction friction mechanism F1 of shape friction member. Or, exchange the axial location of guide 50 and intermediate piece 90, friction mechanism F1 and F2Also will axially exchange, power transmission friction mechanism F2 will directly combine respectively rigidly with guide 50 and friction member 70.Or, exchange and rotate guiding mechanism G and traction friction mechanism F1 both sides, namely exchange in couples guiding tooth 52,92 and frictionThe axial location of face 72,104, frictional connection device CB1 just can, by taking turns on the bang path of axle, possess the protection that overload is skiddedFunction. Now, friction member 70 and guide 50 in Fig. 1, exchanged role in fact. Or, by friction member 70 and intermediate piece90 are merged into a part, and insert the friction that is coupled with different power transmission shafts in an endoporus between power transmission rubbing surface 58 and 74Ring, friction member 70 will be modified to intermediate piece. ,, in latter two modification, supported will be served as by guide and intermediate piece respectively.

It should be noted that, described in definition, the present invention is not to rotating guiding mechanism G and guiding tooth 52,92 works thereofGo out concrete restriction, it must not have best helical tooth structure. Therefore, the G of this mechanism and guiding tooth thereof can have arbitrarily and possessRotate form and the shape of guide function. Guiding tooth can be arranged on end face/side face by discrete form, also can be by such as single head orMultiple-threaded mode, is circumferentially arranged on corresponding inside/outside side face to continuity. And arrange in form in rear one, it can beBe arranged to have the helical tooth such as rectangle, trapezoidal, zigzag or triangle iso-cross-section shape goodly. As a same reason, need onlyCan realize best axial complementary laminating/conflict, traction friction mechanism F1 and power transmission friction mechanism F2 two groups separatelyThe tapering shape rotary type rubbing surface of revolution friction pair, can form around axis X revolution based on arbitrary curve/bus, and can beBe provided with the discontinuous surface in order to the groove of heat radiation or eliminating liquid/gas.

Therefore, frictional connection device CB1 can also have such modification. , by the guiding of rotation guiding mechanism G whereinTooth 52 and 92 is separately positioned on the outer peripheral face of tubular matrix 60 and the inner peripheral surface of intermediate piece 90, or, be arranged on intermediate piece90 outer peripheral face and be formed at guide 50 and radially (be equivalent to radially overturn on the inner peripheral surface of the annular end face flange of outer rim sideThe position of intermediate piece 90 and guide 50). Or, remove guide 50, by such as hot investment casting, casting, die casting or noteThe technique such as mould, guiding tooth 52 is directly formed on power transmission rubbing surface 74 rigidly, there is axle so that limiter element 180 is modified toTo the bag shape guide of force-closed function. Correspondingly, then between intermediate piece 90 and friction member 70, radially insert an endoporus couplingBe bonded to the dish type drag ring of the first axle 200, frictional connection device CB1 just changeable type is that guide is a bag wheel-through-drive for shape memberFormula frictional connection device. And if be fixedly attached to again the endoporus of intermediate piece 90 with another axle, guide just will be mutual with intermediate piece 90Change role and become a bag shape intermediate piece, above-mentioned modification more will further be modified to axle-through-drive formula that intermediate piece is bag shape memberFrictional connection device.

Further, removing above-mentioned guide is the circumferential position-limit mechanism in bag modification of shape member, removes its frictionPart 70 and support member 220, be transplanted to the arm of force 222 with guide protrusions 132 on the outer peripheral face of intermediate piece 90, with triggering ring120 composition governor motion AM, and λ ≈ ξ is set as described above, just can obtain having the simple structure modification of four members. ControlIt triggers moving axially of ring 120, just can make intermediate piece 90 separate wedge or enter wedge on single circumferencial direction. Accordingly, wedging typeThis simple structure modification in engagement state only can be on this correspondence circumferencial direction transmitting torque, can not be contrary, except non-return movingMovable contact hair ring 120 is to commutating into wedge. Therefore, this simple structure modification no longer has frictional connection device CB1 through a wedging, just canThe feature performance benefit of transmitting torque commutates at any time adaptively on any circumferencial direction. Undoubtedly, above-mentioned intermediate piece is a bag shape memberModification also can further there are similar four member simple structure modification.

In addition, if needed, for example, when the brake, the bag shape structure that limiter element 180 also can the complete ring-type of right and wrongPart. ,, when needs extend axially the tubular matrix 60 of for example guide 50 so that its can not be radially by entrance 82 time, can enterThe axial one end at mouth 82 places arranges circumferential breach. For example, the inner peripheral surface of just in time half cycle of inner peripheral surface 84b one end will be positioned at, along flatRow in two tangential directions that are parallel to each other of H or H ', radially extend to the outer peripheral face of limiter element 180, and form one permitPermitted the breach that tubular matrix 60 is inserted/passed through. So inner peripheral surface 84b extends into non-the closing with U font shape of cross section equallyBox-like interior radial surface, it is the U-shaped split ring of a likeness in form counterweight that limiter element 180 becomes. Certainly, now can be in entering of expandingIn mouthfuls 82, arrange best one and there is the arc casting die of complementary structure with this entrance, with radial location tubular matrix 60.

About diagram and the explanation of the more multiple changing type of axial force enclosed construction and ring-type bag shape member, can be referring to above institute is wholeTwo patent applications of body combination, and the applicant propose by name have a bag spatial-wedging friction for shape member surmount fromClose device, and be incorporated into this Chinese patent application 201020563404.9 in full, the application is not described further herein.

In addition, when frictional connection device CB1 is used as brake, trigger mechanism AC obviously can be in more direct mode, circumferentiallyDrive support member 220 to rotate. For example,, by worm-and-wheel gear as shown in figure 12. And, at the spigot surface of for example ζ < λ≤ξ54 and 94 can not trackslip in arranging of climbing mutually, also can be two of at least one axial end of rotation guiding mechanism G axiallyBetween resistance surface, for example, support between end face 189 and 224, arrange at least one flexible member with regulating shaft to engaging force, exampleAs, at least comprise one group of dish spring of. Like this, because having the box-like engagement state of resilient wedge, frictional connection device CB1 will be with existingTechnology is the same, obtains/possesses can the trackslip mode of friction and fast and infinitely regulate the time of trackslipping and the brake force/torque of trackslippingFlexible engagement ability, to meet concrete and complicated actual demand. Obviously, when being compressed into, dish spring equals self thickness, orPerson, before this support member 220 rigidity conflict to when supporting end face 189, frictional connection device CB1 will proceed to as above institute at onceThe box-like engagement state of rigid wedge of stating, and therefore proceed to adaptive ABS ANTI LOCK state.

Certainly, stepless supporting mechanism SS should have enough large guiding lift/rise best, to ensure above-mentioned rigid wedgeThe realization of box-like joint. And the above-mentioned adjustable setting of axial engagement power/seal force that comprises flexible member, is also applicable to rubWipe the situation of connector CB1 as clutch, to make it have characteristic and the process of flexible engagement. Especially, should be until rigidityThe required time of flexible engagement process till wedging/joint, can set in advance and control. As long as this control simplySpeed/the time that moves axially of control loop 120, namely control the velocity of rotation of support member 220 relative limiter elements 180Can.

Embodiment bis-: the spatial-wedging friction connector CB2 with the stepless supporting mechanism of fluid

As shown in Figure 5, frictional connection device CB2 is the modification to frictional connection device CB1.

First, for obtaining the combined type bag shape guide of axial force closing function, guide 50 and limiter element 180 all withSpline joint form, is non-rotatably arranged on the outer peripheral face of the first axle 200. Wherein, spline tooth 182 is arranged on limiter elementOn 180 inner peripheral surface 84a. For axle-driven off by shaft the second axle 210, with the same manner, be non-rotatably arranged on friction memberIn 70 endoporus, and by bearing 158, be radially positioned in rotationally on the corresponding inner peripheral surface of limiter element 180. Meanwhile, existOn the inner face of the second axle 210, be provided with best the cylindric central protuberance 214 of coaxial line X, it is accommodated in and is positioned at the first axleIn the centre bore 204 of the coaxial line X of 200 inner faces, and best, be separated with rotatable needle roller 206.

In fact, also can be by between tubular matrix 60b and the corresponding side face of dish type end 188a, spline pair being set, orPerson arranges the mode of the radially arm of force of the similar arm of force 75 on the outer peripheral face of guide 50, and guide 50 is non-rotatably connectedBe connected to limiter element 180.

Secondly, for adapting to high speed rotating, the entrance 82 not also being filled at sealed piece 190 internal side diameters of ring-type bestIn remaining space, an arc balancing component/balancing weight for example best with this remaining space with complementary structure is set240. This balancing component 240, best by radial location, for example, by its axial hole 242, and is fixedly attached toAt least one steady pin in the axial hole 81 of limiter element 180, referring to Fig. 2,7. 190 of sealed pieces with such as welding, riveted joint,Splicing, screw thread pair, radially or the fastening or non-mode that is fastenedly connected of end face screw, interference or matched in clearance and so on, be arranged on limitOn the outer peripheral face of power element 180, with seal best/shutoff entrance 82.

Again, circumferentially the centering type spacing preiection 68 of position-limit mechanism, is specially thread linear springs, and its inner-diameter end runs throughBe arranged on the radial direction through hole that is arranged in tubular matrix 60 to property, its external diameter end is fixed on intermediate piece 90 inner peripheral surfaces radially bestIn pass centering type limited impression 118. The adjacent part of these two radial holes is truncated cone shape best, to allow intermediate piece 90 phasesGuide 50 is made to limited circumferential and axial elastic displacement, and there is such effect that arranges. That is, when External Force Acting,Spacing preiection 68 can cause intermediate piece 90, and elastic shrinkage is extremely minimum constantly with guide 50 both sides' axial spacings, and the best causesThe circular gap corresponding to two circumferencial directions that rotates guiding mechanism G, is equal to zero.

Finally, stepless supporting mechanism SS is specially an inner sealing cavity device that includes fluid, trigger mechanism AC toolBody is an outer closure cavity device. Stream oriented device has respectively accordingly taking dish type end 188a as boundary, and can be interconnectedInside and outside two can axial stretching variable displacement ring seal cavity 46 and 48. Wherein, inner sealing cavity device be one withBe annular piston as the guide of supported 50, the cylinder-piston apparatus taking limiter element 180 as cylinder body. The ring of this deviceShape inner chamber 48 is to support end face 51 and 189 as bottom surface, not shown with being provided with of the radially inside and outside end face flange of two support end facesTwo complete inner peripheral surfaces and the outer peripheral face of seal are cylindrical boundary. Cylinder-piston apparatus is in order to support guide part 50 infinitely,Make it have the axial stroke that is at least greater than δ ', to ensure that intermediate piece 90 can enter wedge, makes spatial-wedging friction bindiny mechanismCan engage power transmission. δ ' is the axial freedom of each member in circumferential recess 78. The internal face of elastic ring diaphragm 30 and dish typeThe outer face of end 188a limits the exocoel 46 of outer closure cavity device. Preferably, the outer rim of ring film 30 is glued to dishIn the corresponding circumferential recess 186 of shape end 188a outer edge surface, its inner rim is glued to and is positioned at dish type end 188a radially inner side ringIn the corresponding circumferential recess of shape end face flange 187 outer peripheral faces.

Correspondingly, be specially stepless supporting mechanism SS and the trigger mechanism AC of inside and outside two closed cavity devices, also haveShared unilaterally connected valve and relief valve. Wherein, for the fluid uniaxially in exocoel 46 is pressed in inner chamber 48, dish type endOn the outer face of 188a, be provided with screw-threaded counterbore 183, and be communicated to the access way 34 of inner chamber 48 by its bottom. By spring44, steel ball 42 and the screwed plug hair style valve body with centre bore, pack screw-threaded counterbore 183 successively into, can unidirectional cutoff to formUnilaterally connected valve 40. And be that the fluid uniaxially in inner chamber 48 is entered in exocoel 46, at the screw thread corresponding to spring 44 positionsOn the inner peripheral surface of counterbore 183, be provided with the passage 36 that radially extends to dish type end 188a outer peripheral face, and this passage 36 is connectedPass to the axial passage 38 of exocoel 46. At the middle part of passage 36, be provided with crossing axial blind hole, be positioned at shaft-like spool wherein41 middle part has cannelure 43, thereby forms relief valve with passage 36. The inner face of spool 41 and the bottom of axial blind hole itBetween be provided with back-moving spring 45, can cause cannelure 43 to be based upon constantly on the position of mutually staggering with passage 36, to cut offPassage 36. Conflicting to ring film 30 internal faces in the outer face of spool 41, and can be overcome the counter-force of spring 45 and axle by the latterAxially align on the position of passage 36 to passing to cannelure 43, thereby inner chamber 48 is communicated to exocoel 46, to reduce inner chamber 48The pressure of middle fluid.

In addition, for reducing the moving resistance of spool 41, the bottom of axial blind hole is communicated to passage 38 best. For fastGet rid of the fluid in inner chamber 48, in exocoel 46, be provided with best and make it there is constantly the endless metal diaphragm type of inflationary spiralSpreader spring 28. For preventing action interference, on the internal face that is positioned at spool 41 internal side diameter positions of diaphragm 30, be provided with the bestConflict to the isolation projection 32 of dish type end 188a. Preferably, technique is arranged on passage 36 with thread seal plug 110Outer radial opening part.

Frictional connection device CB2 has the course of work that is quite analogous to frictional connection device CB1, can be used as clutch, also canAs brake, also can there is overload skid/ABS ANTI LOCK ability (when the second axle 210 is fixed to frame), difference only existsIn entering on the triggering mode of wedge action/process. , in released state, by known technology and device, by axial outer end arrow VICorresponding annular position axial push diaphragm 30, the fluid such as hydraulic oil in exocoel 46 is by by unilaterally connected valve 40Heart hole, sealed steel ball 42 is pushed away its ball seat by the resistance that overcomes spring 44, and enter inner chamber 48 through passage 34, and then promote guidingPart 50 moves axially the stroke of δ ', causes frictional connection device CB2 to proceed to wedging type engagement state. Afterwards, the pressure of inner chamber 48 willAdaptively corresponding to transmitted torque. And by position corresponding to axial outer end arrow VO or annular position axial push diaphragm30, just can push spool 41 and connect passage 36, moment releases the pressure of inner chamber 48, gets rid of fluid. Guide 50 axially on fromWhile so retraction, the G of Ye Ling mechanism, F1 and F2 lose axial engagement power and are separated to end play and again equal δ ', frictional connection deviceCB2 thereby proceed to and separate wedge-type released state. Optimally, the corresponding recesses on circumferential recess 254 and half clip 250 is configured to toolThere is certain tapering, in order to the edge of axial pressure diaphragm bowl 164. Meanwhile, damping pawl 112a and 112b and groove 244 circumferential twoThe gap of the corresponding wall 246a of side and 246b, namely intermediate piece 90 guide 50 angle turning over of climbing relatively, Ying greatTo being enough to ensure that dish spring 100 can be compressed into the degree that equals self thickness, referring to Fig. 7.

Be to be noted that to diaphragm 30 corresponding sites trigger-type pushing, can directly also can indirectly carry out, canWith all-round to also can partly circumferentially carrying out. For example, by thrust bearing or roller, by or interval compression as shown in figure 11Ring flat-plate 230, by or interval be non-rotatably connected to end face flange 187, and regularly corresponding to the privileged site of diaphragm 30Application of force dish type annulus etc.

In addition, the form of above-mentioned relief valve, unilaterally connected valve 40 and installation form just for obtain best sealing andResult of use, the highest reliability and life-span, thereby be not obviously unique. It can be the guiding valve that can change separately and turnValve, can be magnetic valve, more can implement trigger-type from the outside of exocoel 46 and handle. When from peripheral operation, described relief valveObviously can be integrated into a guiding valve or rotary valve with unilaterally connected valve 40, or be reduced to the unilaterally connected valve of a rotatable half cycle40, and can cancel through hole 36 and 38.

Embodiment tri-: the spatial-wedging friction connector CB3 with the stepless supporting mechanism of fluid

For obtaining flexible engagement ability, the main improvement of the relative CB2 of frictional connection device CB3 is, friction member 70 bestThere is axial elasticity deformability. Correspondingly, rotate the lift angle λ of guiding mechanism G, being arranged on spigot surface 54 and 94 can slide mutuallyTurn in 0 < λ≤ζ interval of climbing, enter wedge controlling organization and have further and be arranged between guide 50 and intermediate piece 90Damping mechanism D.

Referring to Fig. 6～7, wear and tear and improve friction transmission capacity for reducing, as at least one dish spring of flexible member100, be arranged between friction member 70a and 70b, indirectly to conflict best to power transmission rubbing surface 58. And the resistance of damping mechanism DBuddhist nun wraps 160, is fixedly installed on the circumferential recess 244 that is arranged in balancing component 240 inner radial surface, the elasticity of its circumferential both sidesDiaphragm bowl 164a and 164b, circumferentially conflict to radially extended damping pawl 112a and 112b by intermediate piece 90 respectively. DampingTwo diaphragm bowl 164a of bag 160 and 164b, be glued to the annular edge of damping disk 162 by two ends respectively recessed bestFace, forms two variable volume chambers that the central damping hole of damped disk 162 is communicated with. In two chambers, be respectively arranged with recoverySpring 166a and 166b, and corresponding fluid, for example gas or liquid.

Again referring to Fig. 7～9. Groove 244 is semi-circular deep-slotted chip breakers that circumferentially extend, week in its outer radial bottom semicircularThe middle part of face 248, is provided with semicircular circumferential recess 254. This groove 254 be positioned at corresponding on tabular half clip 250Semi-circular groove, radial abutment becomes a circular groove completing, and damping bag 160 is compressed and is fixed in groove 244. And250 of tabular half clips are radially arranged on outer radial and extend to groove 254, and are positioned at the straight card of groove 244 axial both sidesIn groove 256, and the axial pin 218 of being inserted in balancing component 240 both ends of the surface pin-and-holes 258 is radially fixing.

Optimally, the corresponding recesses on circumferential recess 254 and half clip 250 is configured to have certain tapering, in order toThe edge of axial pressure diaphragm bowl 164. Meanwhile, damping pawl 112a and 112b and the circumferential corresponding wall 246a in both sides of groove 244 andThe gap of 246b, namely intermediate piece 90 guide 50 angle turning over of climbing relatively, should be even as big as ensureing dish spring 100Be compressed into the degree that equals self thickness, referring to Fig. 7.

So when guide 50 and the axial internal clearance of the combination of intermediate piece 90 are more than or equal to δ ', intermediate piece 90 justAt once enter as described above wedge, trackslip when climbing because overload starts relative guide 50, also axial compression dish spring 100.But because intermediate piece 90 is subject to the circumferential damping action of damping bag 160, its trackslip climbing speed and angle will be hindered alwaysHinder, and cause part torque without rotating guiding mechanism G, and between intermediate piece 90 and limiter element 180 with substantially notThe mode that produces axial force is directly transmitted, traction friction mechanism F1 thereby the engagement state in the friction of trackslipping. Therebetween, friction connectsMeet device CB3 in flexible engagement state, and there is the torque transfer capability corresponding to dish spring 100 enclosed elastic power. And damping bag160 damping action, by until wherein in a side cavity fluid of enough parts enter the chamber of opposite side through damping hole, allowThe rotation guide effect of intermediate piece 90, till being compressed to rigidity one by friction member 70a and 70b and dish spring 100. After this, rubWipe connector CB3 and will connect into rigidity one, proceed to wedging type engagement state, transship also non-slip, unless there is structural deterioration.

Obviously, set the size of damping disk 162 central damping holes, just can set the length of damping time. And, frictionConnector CB3 compares CB1 and CB2, no longer has the function that overload is skidded, and during as brake, no longer has ABS anti-lock systemKinetic force.

And frictional connection device CB3 separates wedge after separating, be not subject to the intermediate piece 90 of friction member 70a rubbing action, will restoreUnder the double action of spring 166 and spacing preiection 68, return to relative guide 50 centering position freely.

Embodiment tetra-: the spatial-wedging friction connector CB4 with the stepless supporting mechanism of fluid and combination tooth

Referring to Figure 10, the present embodiment is the improvement to frictional connection device CB3, and it to be so that the mode of Combined guide to tooth to be set,Again there is the ability that overload is skidded. For this reason, have the rotation guiding mechanism Ga that 0 < λ≤ζ arranges guiding tooth 52a and92a, is separately positioned in the interior ring side and intermediate piece 90a of guide 50. And there is the rotation guiding mechanism Gb that ζ < λ≤ξ arrangesGuiding tooth 52b and 92b, be separately positioned in the outer rim side and intermediate piece 90b of guide 50. Intermediate piece 90a and 90b,Non-rotatably be connected to circumferential one by spline goodly.

Correspondingly, the traction rubbing surface 72b of friction member 70b, is positioned at the ring outside friction member 70a outer peripheral face by its outer rim sideThe end face of shape end face flange serves as. On the inner peripheral surface of this flange, be provided with one group of circumferentially extend L shaped recessed that at least comprisesGroove 73, to form L shaped double wedge 83. One end of L shaped groove 73 extends axially to traction rubbing surface 72b, to form entrance. AccordinglyBe arranged on the outer one group of distolateral radial protrusion 77 of friction member 70a outer peripheral face, axially enter after L shaped groove 73 circumferential again by this entranceTurn to its top, just can be by the axial qualifying bit of L shaped double wedge 83. The circumferential relative position of friction member 70a and 70b, by throughThe second axle 210 in the two endoporus is fixing. Like this, dish spring 100 between the two, just can be compressed desirably in advance. Friction connectsMeet device CB4 and therefore can there is the initial friction torque that is not equal to zero.

In addition, on arranging, above-mentioned each structural element has such effect. , intermediate piece 90a and friction member 70a headFirst conflict, and before finishing elasticity conflict state between friction member 70a and 70b, the intermediate piece 90a that automatically trackslips and climb,Through drive intermediate piece 90b to conflict to the corresponding spigot surface 54 that draws rubbing surface 72b and guiding tooth 52b simultaneously, and cause intermediate piece90b reliably enters wedge. So frictional connection device CB4 proceeds to and can transship the box-like engagement state of rigid wedge skidding. Therefore, it is used asWhen brake, can again there is ABS ANTI LOCK ability, but not possess the ability of step-less adjustment braking moment.

Embodiment five: the spatial-wedging friction connector CB5 with the stepless supporting mechanism of fluid and combination tooth

Referring to Figure 11, frictional connection device CB5 is only the simple variant of frictional connection device CB4.

First, there is guiding tooth 92a and the 52a of the rotation guiding mechanism Ga of 0 < λ≤ζ setting, be separately positioned on intermediate pieceIn 90 interior ring side and guide 50a. Guiding tooth 92b and the 52b with the rotation guiding mechanism Gb of ζ < λ≤ξ setting, establish respectivelyPut in the outer rim side and guide 50b of intermediate piece 90. The annular region that is positioned at guiding tooth 52b radially inner side of guide 50b,Be provided with face type circumferential recess. Be housed in actively the guide 50a in this circumferential recess, best by spline joint sideFormula, is non-rotatably connected on the outer peripheral face of this groove, thereby forms circumferential one with guide 50b. Meanwhile, dish spring 100With the form of pre-pressing, be arranged between guide 50a and the wall of this circumferential recess. Correspondingly, accommodate spacing preiection 68Associated recesses, is configured to allow flexibly convergence guide 50 of intermediate piece 90 best, and prevent rigidly contrary away fromThe shape of trend, for example, the shape of half of tapered opening. In addition, also can adopt the pipe between intermediate piece 90 and guide 50aThe form that snap ring is directly set on the outer peripheral face of shape matrix 60b, axially limits guide 50a.

Arrange, rotate guiding mechanism Ga and Gb etc., there is such effect. , week upwards, can trackslip when overload automaticallyThe guiding tooth 52a climbing and 92a conflict first mutually, and when lead tooth 52b and 92b both sides start mutually to conflict, correspondenceIn the axial compression of the rotation guide effect of guiding tooth 52a and 92a, do not cause guide 50a and 50b each other in the axial directionStarting rigidity indirectly conflicts.

Obviously, if the flange radially extending along in tubular matrix 60b inner face is set on intermediate piece 90 inner peripheral surfaces,By being non-rotatably connected to the first axle 200 of tubular matrix 60b, be modified to and be non-rotatably connected to this flange again, so,Guide 50 and intermediate piece 90 will in fact exchange role.

Secondly, annular piston is served as by the friction member 70 as supported, and 48 of its inner chambers are surrounded by the soft capsule 20 of annular.This soft capsule 20 is glued to best and supports on end face 189, and is provided with the import and export 24 corresponding to passage 34. For ensureing exocoel 46What seal is reliable, in two outer rims of ring film 30, is respectively arranged with circumferential band 170 and 174. In circumferential band 174, be provided withCan axially movable compression ring flat-plate 230, and together with ring film 30, be arranged on snap ring 184 on end face flange 187 from outsideEnd limits. Equally, for reducing the wearing and tearing of operation when spool 41, also in the through hole corresponding to spool 41 of ring film 30,Be provided with best axial conflict to the application of force cylinder 22 of spool 41 outer faces. And the end face flange of this through hole, by circumferential band172 lock rings are in the circumferential recess of application of force cylinder 22.

Essential special instruction, corresponding to the space wedge mechanism that resilient wedge is made a concerted effort that has that rotates guiding mechanism Ga,Also bringing into play guiding simultaneously and ensure corresponding to rotate guiding mechanism Gb to have the space wedge mechanism that rigid wedge makes a concerted effort absoluteThe effect of wedging is in fact that it enters wedge guide mechanism and support organization reliably.

Obviously, frictional connection device CB5 also can be provided with the damping mechanism D of frictional connection device CB3～CB4.

And exocoel 46 shared in frictional connection device CB2～CB5 is not essential. For example, they are used as to brakingWhen device, (limiter element 180 is coupled to frame), unilaterally connected valve 40 can be connected to a hydraulic pump or accumulator, through hole 38Can be connected directly to oil sump. Now, can remove the second axle 210, and by dish type end 188a, diaphragm 30 and soft capsule 20, by justifyingRing-type is modified to discoid. Certainly, soft capsule 20 also can replace discoid diaphragm, or, replace and serve as cylindric pistonFriction member 70.

In addition, the soft capsule 20 of annular, diaphragm bowl 164 and ring film 30 in the application, can be knownly by such as rubber, fibreDimension or elastic sheet metal etc. arbitrarily metal or the nonmetallic materials of elastically deformable are made.

Embodiment six: the spatial-wedging friction connector CB6 with adjustable stepless supporting mechanism

Shown in Figure 12 is the frictional connection device CB6 that is used as best brake. Wherein, limiter element 180 is with not shownFrame fix, its entrance 82 surrounding matrixes tangentially H and H ' extend square inlet portion 181, referring to Fig. 2. Roughly beThe guide 50 of ring-type and intermediate piece 90, be respectively arranged with the radial flange formula arm of force 55 that radially extends to its outer rim along entrance 82With 95. The arm of force 55 has the complementary structure of shape of cross section best with entrance 82, and guide 50 is non-rotatably connected toIn circumferential recess 78, but can move axially. Circular gap between the arm of force 95 and entrance 82, can be best greatly to causing intermediate piece 90The axial displacement of the corresponding rotation guiding mechanism of the angle G circumferentially rotating relative to limiter element 180, will be positioned at guide 50And support the dish spring 100 between end face 189, be compressed to ultimate attainment degree. Be arranged in limiter element 180 respective radial holes extremelyA few spacer pin 176,, with the form of respective flanges on guide 50 outer peripheral faces of can axially conflicting, can protect guide 50Hold the precommpression to dish spring 100.

In fact, dish spring 100 can be arranged on and rotate between other any two members at guiding mechanism G two ends, to the greatest extentManage some position effect not good, but all can infinitely adapt to rotate the rotation guide type compression of guiding mechanism G.

For controllably obtaining the braking moment of stepless variation, enter wedge controlling organization and comprise and be specially above-mentioned dish spring 100 extremelyA few flexible member, and a governor motion AM. This governor motion AM is a worm-and-wheel gear, and its worm-gear toothing arrangesOn the outer peripheral face of the arm of force 95, its worm screw 260 is radially arranged on rotationally and is positioned at the square inlet portion 181 in the circumferential both sides of entrance 82The corresponding mounting hole in, and be arranged at outside for example stepper motor and drive (not shown). In fact, worm screw 260 also can be consolidatedFixed to frame, thus be indirectly arranged on guide 50 or limiter element 180. As mentioned before, for reducing for example steppingThe driving force demand of motor and energy consumption, the lift angle λ of rotation guiding mechanism G, should have such effect that arranges best,The torque capacity that, can cause the intermediate piece 90 driving in wedging state to rotate towards both direction equates.

And be to realize separating the separation of wedge-type gap, on the inner peripheral surface of intermediate piece 90, be also provided with best spiral contractionSpring 152. One termination of this spring 152 is entrenched in the respective radial holes that is arranged in intermediate piece 90 inner peripheral surfaces, and its another terminationBe entrenched in the respective radial holes that is arranged in inner peripheral surface 84a.

So the rotational angle that regulates intermediate piece 90 relative guides 50 by governor motion AM, just can infinitely regulateThe size of frictional connection device CB6 brake force/torque, until its associated mechanisms is conflicted and is proceeded to rigidity wedging state because of axial stiffnessTime till. Obviously, above-mentioned direction in relative rotation, should be same as the rotation direction of the first axle 200. During as vehicle brake,The rotation direction switch of stepper motor can be best by the reverse gear mechanism control of speed changer.

From general knowledge, entering wedge controlling organization only needs governor motion AM. Remove the dish spring 100 as flexible memberAfter, frictional connection device CB6 has controlled frictional connection function in the same old way, and it loses, and is only infinitely to regulate friction torqueThe ability of size. Further, guiding tooth 52 is set directly at and is supported on end face 189, just can obtain of the present inventionThere is the simplest embodiment of four members. In addition, governor motion AM obviously also can be specially a cylindrical cam machine similar to Figure 1Structure, or, be specially machinery, electromechanics, electromagnetism or the liquid gas transmission mechanism arbitrarily such as gear, lever or connecting rod. When the time comes, frictional connectionDevice CB6 also can be used as having the friction clutch of flexible engagement function.

Obviously, friction member 70 must be first member of radially inserting circumferential recess 78 in assembling process.

Embodiment seven: the spatial-wedging friction connector CB7 with adjustable stepless supporting mechanism

As shown in figure 13, be to obtain ABS ANTI LOCK ability, as in the frictional connection device CB7 of brake with rotationWhat axle was coupled is guide 50, is no longer the friction member 70 in frictional connection device CB6. For this reason, friction member 70 is one and frameThe closed ring-type bag of fixing axial force shape member. Guide 50a and 50b are non-rotatably arranged on flower with spline joint formOn the outer peripheral face of key cover 130, dish spring 100 is placed in therebetween with interval mode best. Governor motion AM is modified to a planetMechanism. The AM of this mechanism comprises that duplex best becomes two planetary gear 140a and the 140b of rigidity one. This duplicate gear 140aWith 140b rotationally empty set in planet axis 144, and along with this axle is fixed to the corresponding axial hole of friction member 70 and radially fixedPosition is in entrance 82. Both gear teeth 142a and 142b, be engaged to respectively the gear teeth 53 of guide 50a and intermediate piece 90 outer peripheral facesWith 93, and there is the two-stage resultant gear ratio that equals 1. Like this, change and maintain the circumferential phase between intermediate piece 90 and guide 50aTo position, just can change and the axial separation distance that maintains the former relative the latter, and this two member relative to friction member 70Rotating speed is without any relation, that is, irrelevant in rotary state or inactive state with friction member 70.

The for a change circumferential position of intermediate piece 90 relative guide 50a, the gear teeth of planetary gear 140a and 140b are tool respectivelyHaving different helical angles, for example, is respectively the oblique gear teeth and through ship tooth, or is respectively the oblique gear teeth that rotation direction is contrary. Accordingly, withThe gear teeth 53 and 93 that it engages respectively, correspondingly have different helical angles. Therefore, move axially planetary gear 140a andThe essence of 140b, utilizes the mobile guide mechanism of action of cylinder cam-type exactly, drives the relative guide 50a work of intermediate piece 90 to turnAction-oriented motion, and then drive the latter's compact disc spring 100. Correspondingly, for the shift fork 270 of mobile planetary gear 140a, 140b,Run through in it and the declutch shift shaft 272 of 82 liang of circumferential walls of entrance, be rotatably positioned in entrance 82. The head of shift fork 270,Be housed in the annular groove between planetary gear 140a, 140b, and can be driven with known manner by unshowned drive unit. RealOn border, planet axis 144 and shift fork 270 all also can be arranged in unshowned frame, thereby are indirectly arranged on friction member 70.

Arrange, governor motion AM and rotation guiding mechanism G etc., have such effect. , as Figure 13 first halfOn shown position, planetary gear 140a and 140b remain on cause intermediate piece 90 and the circumferential centering of guide 50a and axially betweenOn null extreme position. Now, the end play summation of the each member in circumferential recess 78 equals δ ', frictional connection deviceCB7 braking moment equals zero. And in the time that planetary gear 140a and 140b are moved to the left or to the right by shift fork 270, intermediate piece 90 willRotate guiding to different circumferencial directions respectively relative to guide 50a, when ordering about guide 50a compact disc spring 100, also frictionConflict to turning round rubbing surface 104, the braking moment corresponding to dish spring 100 decrements is provided. As shown in Figure 13 the latter half,Before planetary gear 140a and 140b and guide 50a and intermediate piece 90 depart from accordingly and engage, dish spring 100 can be extremely compressedCause, frictional connection device CB7 thereby can proceed to the box-like engagement state of rigid wedge, and it is antilock in the arranging of ζ < λ≤ξ, to enter ABSDead on-position.

In fact, governor motion AM is still a cotter way formula embeding mechanism with cylindrical cam working mechanism, completely phaseBe same as above the attitude reference device in two patent applications of overall combination, difference be only its there is dynamic engomphosis relation and. Related description, the spatial-wedging that can work continuously by name that can propose on the same day in the application referring to the applicant reverses to be doneThe patent application of industry instrument.

Should be noted that, the mobile guide function of governor motion AM not must by gear 140a, 140b and the gear teeth 53,93 gear engagement mechanism provides. , all gear teeth of the AM of this mechanism can be set to straight-tooth, and only need be by for example gear140a is arranged to be connected to actively the independent ring gear in planet axis 144 by helical tooth pair, by for example gear 140b and planetAxle 144 is fixed into one or makes single component. Certainly, planet axis 144 now should can be rotatably set in to be positioned at and rubWipe in the axial bore of part 70 the independent control gear 140a of shift fork 270.

In addition, frictional connection device CB7 also can have the modification of Combined guide to tooth. Be different from aforesaid, have 0 < λ≤Guiding tooth 52a and 92a and 52b and 92b that ζ and ζ < λ≤ξ arrange, respectively same by same guiding tooth 52 or 92 accordinglyRadially the different piece at position is served as. , there is the guiding tooth 52a of 0 < λ≤ζ setting and spigot surface 54a and the 94a of 92a, axiallyThe upper for example first half and the Lower Half that is positioned at accordingly respectively guiding tooth 52 and 92, and there is the guiding tooth 52b that ζ < λ≤ξ arrangesWith spigot surface 54b and the 94b of 92b, be positioned at accordingly respectively for example Lower Half and the first half of guiding tooth 52 and 92 on axially,And there is such effect that arranges. , spigot surface 54a and 94a complete after automatic guiding climbs, namely corresponding to ζ < λAfter the spigot surface 54b that≤ξ arranges and 94b circumferentially conflict, guide 50a and 50b indirectly rigidity conflict.

Easily understand, except rotating guiding and hydraulic mechanism, the stepless support machine in frictional connection device CB1～CB5Structure SS can be also known toggle mechanism. And frictional connection device CB2～CB5 is as the wheeled or removable machinery of crawler typeBrake time, can there is best equally the global function that is automatically proceeded to reliable parking braking state by service brake stateAbility, and equally easily removed by the interlock of the trample action of for example accelerator pedal. Without the help of any complication system, just canObtain excellent and general ramp parking and starting performance.

In addition, when the present invention is used as the global function brake of for example machinery/vehicle/aircraft, prior art has relativelySignificant advantage as above, and this advantage is more proportional to the length of vehicle and the number of wheel, and drives a vehicle at overlength rail/ reach ultimate attainment in train and unpowered vehicle. For example,, for the synchronous braking of overlength heavy haul train, without the volume of traction locomotiveThe parking braking of group train, and with driving and the parking braking of the vehicle of trailer.

Below be only to the present invention is directed to description and the diagram that its limited embodiment gives, there is to a certain degree specialProperty, but it should be understood that all objects for illustrating only of mentioned embodiment and accompanying drawing, and be not used in restriction the present inventionAnd protection domain, the various variations that it is carried out, be equal to, the change of exchange and structure or each member position, all will be recognizedFor not being separated from the spirit and scope of the present invention's design.

Claims (26)

1. a spatial-wedging friction connector, comprising:

Around an axis revolution and at least one traction friction mechanism that can axial engagement, it has around described axis revolution and all establishesBe equipped with the intermediate piece that is at least roughly ring-type and the friction member of rubbing surface, rub described in described intermediate piece and described friction member both sidesWiping face can axially form at least one traction friction pair with offseting, to transmit friction torque;

For described traction friction mechanism provide engaging force and around described axis rotating at least one rotate guiding mechanism, it hasTurn round and be provided with the guide that is at least roughly ring-type and the described intermediate piece of corresponding spigot surface around described axis, described in leadDescribed spigot surface to part and described intermediate piece both sides can axially form guiding friction pair with offseting;

It is characterized in that:

Also include wedge controlling organization, it conciliates wedge by the wedge that enters of operationally controlling described intermediate piece, and described in controlling, rubsWipe connector joint with separate; And

The lift angle λ at the mutual conflict position of described guiding friction pair, is greater than zero and be less than or equal to ξ, that is, 0 < λ≤ξ, wherein, ξ isCan cause upwards equal value open interval of the described lift angle λ of not self-locking of described guiding friction pair and described traction friction pair weekSmall end endpoint value.

2. by frictional connection device claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: comprise that two can axially connect around described axis is rotatingThe friction mechanism closing, one of them is described traction friction mechanism, wherein another is and described guide and described friction memberThe power transmission friction mechanism at least non-rotatably combining respectively, or described in another, draw friction mechanism.

3. by frictional connection device claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described traction friction mechanism and described power transmission rubbing machineAt least one in structure, two corresponding rubbing surface is that half cone-apex angle is greater than 0 degree and is less than the frusto-conical surface of 180 degree.

4. by frictional connection device claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: the described guiding of described guide and described intermediate pieceFace is the screw type flank of tooth, and it is arranged on described guide and described intermediate piece comprise end face, inner peripheral surface and outer peripheral face oneOn surface; In axial plane, the angle between the described screw type flank of tooth and described axis is greater than 0 degree, is less than 180 degree.

5. by frictional connection device claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: described lift angle λ is greater than ζ, that is, and ζ < λ≤ξ, wherein, ζTo cause described guiding friction pair week upwards to open the small end end points of right enclosed interval in a left side of the described lift angle λ of self-lockingValue, is also to cause the upwards maximum of the described lift angle λ of self-locking of described traction friction pair week, and the implication of ξ is the same.

6. by frictional connection device claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: in the time of ζ > 0, described lift angle λ is less than or equal to ζ, that is, and 0< λ≤ζ, ζ can cause the upwards maximum of the described lift angle λ of self-locking of described traction friction pair week.

7. by frictional connection device claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: described traction friction mechanism is the friction of many friction disk typesMechanism, it is quantitatively all minimum is one and axial staggered two groups of friction plates, described in being non-rotatably connected to respectivelyFriction member and described intermediate piece.

8. by frictional connection device claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that: described power transmission friction mechanism is the friction of many friction disk typesMechanism, it is quantitatively all minimum is one and axial staggered two groups of friction plates, described in being non-rotatably connected to respectivelyFriction member and described guide.

9. by the frictional connection device described in claim 1～8 any one, it is characterized in that:

Also comprise at least one limiter element; And

In described guide, described intermediate piece and described friction member one is at the most at least by non-rotatable connection sideFormula includes the force-closed formula combined member of described limiter element, connects with the closed conflict of axial force of setting up each other.

10. by frictional connection device claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that: described guide, described intermediate piece, described frictionOne of part and described limiter element are bag shape members, connect its setting in order to the closed conflict of axial force of setting up each otherThere is the inner peripheral surface around the rotating at least roughly half cycle of described axis, and be positioned at the circumferential recess of the roughly half cycle on this inner peripheral surfaceWith the entrance that is communicated to this circumferential recess by the outer peripheral face of described bag shape member.

11. by the frictional connection device described in claim 1～8 any one, it is characterized in that: described guide, described intermediate pieceWith one of described friction member be a bag shape member, connect in order to set up the closed conflict of axial force each other, its be provided with aroundThe inner peripheral surface of the rotating at least roughly half cycle of described axis, and be positioned at the circumferential recess of the roughly half cycle on this inner peripheral surface and byThe outer peripheral face of described bag shape member is communicated to the entrance of this circumferential recess.

12. by the frictional connection device described in claim 1～8 any one, it is characterized in that: described in enter wedge controlling organization, compriseOne for changing the governor motion of the circumferential relative position between described intermediate piece and described guide, and this governor motion is directOr be indirectly arranged on described guide, described intermediate piece or described friction member.

13. by frictional connection device claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that: described in enter wedge controlling organization, comprise that one for changingThe governor motion that becomes the circumferential relative position between described intermediate piece and described guide, this governor motion is established directly or indirectlyPut in described guide, described intermediate piece, described friction member and described limiter element.

14. by the frictional connection device described in claim 13, it is characterized in that: also comprise at least one flexible member, its settingBetween two axial resistance surfaces of at least one axial end at described rotation guiding mechanism, to form flexible axial envelopeClose power.

15. by frictional connection device claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that: described in enter wedge controlling organization and comprise

The stepless supporting mechanism arranging around described axis, it is arranged between described limiter element and supported, on axiallyThis mode of supported of moving in stepless way, sets up described limiter element and described guide, described intermediate piece and described frictionThe closed conflict of axial force between part connects; Described supported is described guide, described intermediate piece and described friction memberIn be non-rotatably connected with described limiter element that; And

Be arranged on the trigger mechanism on described limiter element, it causes described stepless supporting mechanism set up and cancel with manner of actuationThe closed conflict of described axial force connects.

16. by the frictional connection device described in claim 15, it is characterized in that: described in enter wedge controlling organization and also comprise circumferential freedomDegree is more than or equal to zero circumferential position-limit mechanism, freely enters wedge with what prevent described intermediate piece on two circumferencial directions, and this is circumferentialPosition-limit mechanism has at least one spacing preiection, and corresponding and receive unvaryingly the limited impression of described spacing preiection, described inSpacing preiection and described limited impression are separately positioned on described intermediate piece and described guide at least indirectly.

17. by the frictional connection device described in claim 16, it is characterized in that:

Described stepless supporting mechanism comprises around described axis setting and is at least the roughly support member of ring-type, and it is by axially conflictingWith rotate two kinds of connected modes of guiding, be connected to respectively described limiter element and described supported; And

The circumferential free degree of the relatively described limiter element of described support member is at least large to causing described stepless supporting mechanism to buildThe degree that the closed conflict of vertical described axial force connects.

18. by the frictional connection device described in claim 16, it is characterized in that:

Described stepless supporting mechanism comprises can axial stretching and include the inner sealing cavity device of fluid, is arranged on described limiterUnilaterally connected valve, relief valve on element and the passage that three is interconnected; And

Described trigger mechanism comprises described unilaterally connected valve and described relief valve.

19. by the frictional connection device described in claim 18, it is characterized in that: described inner sealing cavity device is to comprise described limitCylinder-piston apparatus of power element and described supported.

20. by the frictional connection device described in claim 18, it is characterized in that: described inner sealing cavity device comprise be provided with intoThe soft capsule of outlet.

21. by the frictional connection device described in claim 18, it is characterized in that: described trigger mechanism also comprises variable volume and bagThe outer closure cavity device that contains fluid, the elastic membrane that it comprises described limiter element and is connected to this limiter element outer surfaceSheet, and by described unilaterally connected valve, described relief valve and described passage, be communicated with described inner sealing cavity device.

22. by the frictional connection device described in claim 16, it is characterized in that: described spacing preiection at least has circumferential elasticity,The circumferential free degree of described circumferential position-limit mechanism equals zero.

23. by frictional connection device claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that:

Be provided with upwards mutually nested described rotation guiding mechanism of two footpaths, two institutes of these two described rotation guiding mechanismsState guide and two described intermediate pieces, be positioned at the form on equidirectional end face with described spigot surface, connect into respectively rigidityOne, and non-rotatably connect into circumferential one;

The lift angle λ of described guiding friction pair separately in two described rotation guiding mechanisms, is greater than respectively zero and be less than or equal to ζ,And be greater than ζ and be less than or equal to ξ; And

Also be provided with flexible member, its at least indirectly conflict on axially to described lift angle λ be greater than zero and be less than or equal to ζ described inRotate guiding mechanism.

24. by frictional connection device claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that: described limiter element is the cup with center holeShape shell.

25. by frictional connection device claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that: described combined member comprises that footpath upwards at least roughlySymmetrical two semi circular shells and at least one circumferential band, the shape of these two semi circular shells has such combined effect, that is and, these are two years oldThe assembly that individual semi circular shells radial abutment forms, is provided with around the center hole of described axis and is positioned at this center holeThe circumferential recess around described axis on side face; Described circumferential band is arranged on the outer peripheral face of middle part or the outer end of described assemblyUpper, to fix described assembly.

26. by frictional connection device claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that: described friction member is non-rotary circumferential static structurePart, described guide is torque input link.