CN102537125A - Spatial-wedging friction connector - Google Patents

Abstract

A spatial-wedging friction connector used for clutches and brakes is characterized by being provided with a self-excitation spatial wedge mechanism and a wedging control mechanism. The self-excitation spatial wedge mechanism has high torque capacity. The wedging control mechanism controls wedging and unwedging modes of a medium part in the spatial wedge mechanism operablely and controls connection and section of the friction connector, and preferably comprises a rotary guide mechanism or fluid closed cavity mechanism. Two triggered mechanisms are free of maintenance energy and require low driving energy or no driving energy theoretically. The spatial-wedging friction connector has transmission capacity in slipping for overload protection, antilock brake of an ABS (antilock brake system) and parking brake adaptively and has no need of assist of other mechanisms. Meanwhile, since an energy supply device and a transmission device are omitted, structure and operation process of the spatial-wedging friction connector are simplified greatly, cost is reduced, the friction connector is safer and more reliably, and is easier to realize miniaturization, lightweight and long-distance driven-by-wire transmission and brake.

Description

Space insertion type friction connector

Related application

The application is the one Chinese patent application 201010222712.X of the space by name insertion type friction free wheel device that proposes of the applicant and 201020186785.3 dependent patent application.The full content that is somebody's turn to do open two patent applications formerly is incorporated into this by reference.

Technical field

Present invention relates in general to a kind of frictional coupling device that is used for conveying rotary motion or prevents this to rotatablely move in all transmission fields; Comprise that machinery, electric power, magnetic force or fluid etc. are actuated at interior all controlled clutches and auto-controlled clutch, break and Parking Brake, particularly a kind of friction-fit connector.

Background technique

Usually; In comprising all rotary axis of industry, agricultural and field of traffic, no matter activate, still by gas/hydraulic actuating, Electromagnetically actuated or motor activated etc. by manpower; Be used for transferring rotational motion or limit the friction connector of this existing technology that rotatablely moves; For example friction clutch and break except essential control gear, all attach the energy supplying device of being equipped with and corresponding transmission device.Therefore, the clutch of existing technology or break are not only too complicated, and member is too much, and volume and quality are huge, and be with high costs, and reliability is lower, and breaks and can just can not work because of belonging to active system, and energy consumption is too high.Simultaneously, also be difficult for miniaturization, lightweight more is difficult for realizing line traffic control transmission or braking.When it transmit to engage the spatial extent of transmission device of energy when big, more because of the conformity of the relatively poor and difficult assurance system acting of responsiveness.For example, during as the capable vehicle braked of trailer or rail, just can because of its by head to each braking point apart from each other of tail and beginning period of braking inconsistent/lag behind, and bring the potential safety hazard that can not be ignored.

In addition, the friction connector of existing technology is all worked based on energy supplying device and transmission device, and its torque capacity depends on fully and be sensitive to its resulting joint energy and relevant coefficients of friction, and with its torque of transmitting/carrying irrelevant.Therefore, be that coupling engages the torque of energy and transmission/carryings, in control, must expend more resources and financial cost, the also therefore further reduction of reliability based on the friction connector of existing technology.And the friction connector of existing technology also is difficult for having the function of parking braking, especially general parking braking function when being used as break.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is devoted to design the device based on the brand new technical principle, to avoid above-mentioned shortcoming.

The technical problem that the present invention will solve provides a kind of energy supplying device and transmission device of need not, and torque capacity, functional reliability and life-span are all higher, and is easy and simple to handle and be easy to line traffic control, structure more simply compacter with more nonabradable space insertion type friction connector.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above; The present invention's space insertion type friction connector; Comprise; But around at least one traction friction mechanism of axis revolution and axial engagement, it has intermediate piece that is roughly ring-type at least and the friction member that turns round and be provided with rubbing surface around said axis, between this two member, to transmit friction torque; For this traction friction mechanism provide engaging force and around above-mentioned axis rotating at least one rotate guide mechanism, it has around above-mentioned axis revolution and is provided with the guiding element that is roughly ring-type at least and the intermediate piece of corresponding guide surface; And, operationally controlling the mode that wedge is conciliate wedge of going into of intermediate piece, the joint of control friction connector with separate go into the wedge control mechanism; When guiding element and friction member can be connected into a friction piece drivingly by intermediate piece; The lift angle λ at the mutual conflict position between guiding element and intermediate piece both sides' the guide surface; Greater than zero and smaller or equal to ξ, that is, and 0＜λ≤ξ; Wherein, ξ is the maximum value that can make the lift angle λ of the guiding friction pair self-locking that is formed at this conflict position.

For sealing axial force best; But can be provided with two friction mechanisms around the rotating axial engagement of above-mentioned axis; One of them is above-mentioned traction friction mechanism; Wherein another is the power transmission friction mechanism that non-rotatably combines respectively at least with guiding element and friction member, perhaps another above-mentioned traction friction mechanism.

Alternatively; The span of above-mentioned lift angle λ can also be: ζ＜λ≤ξ; Perhaps, 0＜λ≤ζ (when ζ＞0), wherein; ζ is the minimum value of lift angle λ that can make the guiding friction pair self-locking at said conflict position, also is the maximum value of lift angle λ of the traction friction pair self-locking of order traction friction mechanism.

Preferably, also can include at least one limit power element, its can with guiding element, intermediate piece and friction member in one at the most, connect into force-closed formula compostle member with non-rotatable at least mode, connect with the closed conflict of axial force of setting up each other.

Preferably; Above-mentioned guiding element, intermediate piece, friction member or limit power element are bag shape members; The closed conflict of axial force in order to set up each other connects; It is provided with the inner peripheral surface around the rotating at least roughly half cycle of above-mentioned axis, and is positioned at the circumferential recess of the roughly half cycle on this inner peripheral surface and is communicated to the inlet of this circumferential recess by the outer circumferential face of above-mentioned bag shape member.

Alternatively, also comprise at least one elastic element, it is set in place between two axial conflict faces of at least one axial end that rotates guide mechanism, to form flexible axial seal force.

Preferably, the guide surface of guiding element and intermediate piece is the screw type flank of tooth, and it is arranged on the surface that comprises end face, inner peripheral surface and outer circumferential face of this two member; In axial plane, the angle between this screw type flank of tooth and the above-mentioned axis is greater than 0 degree, less than 180 degree.

Alternatively, limit power element is the cup-shaped shell with center hole.

Preferably; Limit power element can comprise two semi circular shells and at least one circumferential band that the footpath is upwards at least roughly symmetrical; The shape of these two semi circular shells has such combined effect; That is, the compostle member that the two radial abutment constituted is provided with around the center hole of above-mentioned axis and is positioned at the circumferential recess around said axis on this center hole inner peripheral surface; Above-mentioned circumferential band is with the form on the outer circumferential face of the middle part that is arranged on compostle member or outer end, this compostle member of fixed position.

Alternatively, at least one in traction friction mechanism and the power transmission friction mechanism, its two corresponding rubbing surfaces be the half cone drift angle greater than 0 degree less than 180 frusto-conical surfaces of spending.

For increasing ζ and ξ, the traction friction mechanism can be many friction disk types friction mechanism, and it has and friction member and axially staggered each at least one friction plate of non-rotatable two groups of linking to each other of intermediate piece difference.

For increasing torque capacity, the power transmission friction mechanism can be many friction disk types friction mechanism, and it has and friction member and axially staggered each at least one friction plate of non-rotatable two groups of linking to each other of guiding element difference.

As a kind of improvement, to go into the wedge control mechanism and comprise a controlling mechanism that is used to change the circumferential position of the relative guiding element of intermediate piece, this controlling mechanism is arranged on guiding element, intermediate piece, friction member or the limit power element at least indirectly.

As second kind of improvement, go into the wedge control mechanism and comprise the stepless supporting mechanism that is provided with around above-mentioned axis, and be arranged on the trigger mechanism on the limit power element.The former is arranged between limit power element and supported, axially to go up stepless this mode of supported that moves, sets up limit power element and is connected with the closed conflict of axial force between guiding element, intermediate piece and the friction member; The latter causes the former to set up with manner of actuation and cancels the closed conflict of this axial force and be connected.Supported be in guiding element, intermediate piece and the friction member with limit power element non-rotatable that links to each other.

Further; Go into the wedge control mechanism and comprise that also circumferential degrees of freedom is more than or equal to zero circumferential position-limit mechanism; Freely go into wedge with what on two circumferencial directions, prevent intermediate piece; This mechanism has at least one spacing preiection, and corresponding and take in the limited impression of this spacing preiection unvaryingly, and both are separately positioned on intermediate piece and the guiding element at least indirectly.

Preferably, spacing preiection has circumferential elasticity at least, and circumferentially the circumferential degrees of freedom of position-limit mechanism equals zero.

A kind of improvement again be, stepless supporting mechanism comprises around above-mentioned axis setting and be the roughly supporting element of ring-type at least, and it is through axially conflicting and rotating two kinds of Placements of guiding, is connected to limit power element and supported respectively.And supporting element is limit the circumferential degrees of freedom of power element relatively, at least greatly to causing stepless supporting mechanism can set up the degree that the closed conflict of above-mentioned axial force connects.

Another kind improves again, but stepless supporting mechanism comprise axial stretching and include the inner sealing cavity device of fluid, be arranged on unilaterally connected valve, Decompression valves on the limit power element and the passage that the three is interconnected.Trigger mechanism comprises this unilaterally connected valve and this Decompression valves.

Alternatively, the inner sealing cavity device is cylinder one piston apparatus that comprises limit power element and supported.

Alternatively, the inner sealing cavity device comprises the soft capsule that is provided with import and export.

Alternatively; Trigger mechanism also comprises variable volume and includes the outer closure cavity device of fluid; It comprises limit power element and the flexible sheet that is connected to this limit power element outer surface, and through above-mentioned unilaterally connected valve, Decompression valves and passage, is communicated with the inner sealing cavity device.

Improve as the third, rotation guide mechanism and at least one elastic element that two footpaths make progress mutually nested can be set.Two guiding elements and two intermediate pieces of this two mechanism are positioned at the form on the equidirectional end face with guide surface, connect into the rigidity one respectively, and non-rotatably connect into circumferential one; Lead separately in these two the rotation guide mechanisms lift angle λ of friction pair is respectively greater than zero and smaller or equal to ζ, and greater than ζ and smaller or equal to ξ; Elastic element then conflict at least indirectly on axially to lift angle λ greater than zero and smaller or equal to the said rotation guide mechanism of ζ.

What need special instruction is that the related notion in the present specification or the implication of noun are following:

Be provided with indirectly: be arranged on non-rotatable other member that links to each other of the destination member that is provided with on.

Rotate guide mechanism: circumference is relatively rotated to convert into comprise at least and axially relatively moving or the guide mechanism of mobile trend.For example lead angle strict conformance and not slides/rolls formula spiral or part screw mechanism, radial peg groove mechanism, end face wedge mechanism, the chimeric mechanism of end face, end ratchet mechanism and the cylinder/end cam mechanism of strict conformance.

Space wedge mechanism: by rotating guide mechanism and drawing the mechanism that friction mechanism is formed.

Go into wedge: also claiming wedging, and separate wedge/go wedge opposite, is exactly working procedure and state that intermediate piece 90 can be connected guiding element 50 and friction member 70/be combined into a friction piece drivingly.

ζ and ξ: the important limiting angle of space wedge mechanism; Like Fig. 1, the intermediate piece 90 shown in 4; Logical on the one hand; Cross its rubbing surface and for example 104 at least axially conflicts with the traction rubbing surface 72 of friction member 70, one one group of comprising at least that is not orthogonal to the rotary type traction friction mechanism F1 of rotational axis X with the W that makes a concerted effort of the normal pressure that forms the conflict position draws friction pair; On the other hand; Through it towards the guide surface of a certain circumferencial direction 94a for example; With the corresponding guide surface of guiding element 50 for example 54a at least axially conflict, be not orthogonal to the N that makes a concerted effort of the normal pressure that forms the conflict position rotational axis X rotation guide mechanism G comprise one group of guiding friction pair of one at least; The common tangent at this conflict position and the mean value that hangs down as for the angle on the plane of rotational axis X are called the lift angle λ at this conflict position; On the one hand, also can act on such as being used for elasticity pretension or other spacing active force, referring to Fig. 5～6,10～13 again through other surface; In rotating the rotation guiding operating mode of guide mechanism G; Just guiding element 50 causes intermediate piece 90 to be followed the usual practice like the arrow P direction with in the operating mode of rotating more than or equal to the relative friction member 70 of zero speed; The minimum lift angle at conflict position, both sides surface of friction pair self-locking of can guaranteeing to lead is defined as ζ, and maximum lift angle then is defined as ξ.Every forms of motion that these two limiting angles have then defined intermediate piece 90 relative guiding element 50 rotations forward, transfixion fully and rotated backward.Concrete implication is following:

1, when ξ＜λ＜90 are spent, the guiding friction pair all can not self-locking with the traction friction pair, through the normal pressure N of guiding friction pair, perhaps its component Q and T, guiding element 50 can cause intermediate piece 90 relative its forward that is the arrow P direction trackslip/extrude.Therefore, guiding element 50 can not be become a friction piece by intermediate piece 90 wedgings with friction member 70.Just because pressure N is derived from non-resilient power, perhaps be derived from elastic force but limit by element structure, just cause intermediate piece 90 only to be directed to part 50 and promoting relative friction member 70 and rub and trackslip and do not extruded by actual.

2, when ζ＜λ≤ξ and λ＞0, the guiding friction pair is in constant self-locking state, the traction friction pair be in can not self-locking general static friction state.The traction friction torque of at this moment, the transmission capacity of space wedge mechanism the is unique time traction friction pair that is decided by wedging.Therefore; Although intermediate piece 90 can become a friction piece with friction member 70 wedgings with guiding element 50; But when relative guiding elements 50 overloads of friction member 70, the traction friction pair still can change λ sliding friction state and the friction pair that leads still can be kept self-locking by the static friction state naturally.Accordingly, the space wedge mechanism is in half wedging state, and the friction connector is in non-complete jointing state.

3, as 0＜λ≤ζ when (to the situation of ζ＞0), the traction friction pair is in constant self-locking state, and the guiding friction pair is in general static friction state.Maximum static friction torque/guiding the friction torque of the transmission capacity of space wedge mechanism the is unique time guiding friction pair that is decided by wedging.Therefore; Although intermediate piece 90 can become a friction piece with friction member 70 wedgings with guiding element 50; But when friction member 70 relative guiding elements 50 transship, intermediate piece 90 will have the maximum static friction state of breaking through the guiding friction pair and the trend that relative guiding element 50 trackslips and climbs, and just this trend of climbing can be stoped (except that non-pressure N is derived from elastic force) to force-closed structure by the stiff shaft of wedge mechanism; So, maintain to being forced property of guiding friction pair the general static friction state that is equal to self-locking.That is, intermediate piece 90, guiding element 50 and friction member 70 threes are forced one of wedging/be combined into and rotate wholely, are loaded onto damage and also do not trackslip each other and climb even cross.Space wedge mechanism thereby be in the absolute self-locking/wedging state of similar diagonal-bracing type free wheel device, its transmission capacity only is decided by structural strength.

Can know that by general knowledge λ equals the situation of ζ, only be present in theory and not and be present in the reality.That is to say that because of inevitable the trackslipped friction pair that exists one group of not self-locking all the time of self-locking simultaneously, the physical essence of (space) wedge mechanism transmitting torque can only be friction, rather than the friction self-locking of existing technology identification.

Obviously, above-mentioned lift angle λ is exactly the angle of wedge of space wedge mechanism, also claims wedging angle/choke the angle, and only when 0＜λ≤ξ, and the space wedge mechanism can wedging, and the friction connector can engage.

The friction connector of relative existing technology; According to space of the present invention insertion type friction connector or its system; Significantly simplify overall structure because of having saved energy supplying device and transmission device, reduced fabricating cost, simplified programmed sequence of operations; Have higher bearing capacity/torque capacity simultaneously, and the Security of higher reliability and Geng Gao.By following embodiment's explanation and accompanying drawing, it is more clear and clear that objects and advantages of the present invention will seem.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the axial section according to mechanical stepless supporting type friction connector of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an end view of limitting the power element with the ring bag shape that the left view form of Fig. 1 is represented.

Fig. 3 is the end view of the supporting element represented with the left view form of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is the local unfolded drawing of the flank profil of each mechanism among Fig. 1 to same external cylindrical surface radially projecting.

Fig. 5 is the axial section of the stepless supporting type friction of a kind of fluid according to the present invention connector.

Fig. 6 is the axial section of the stepless supporting type friction of another fluid according to the present invention connector.

Fig. 7 is the partial schematic diagram of K-K section among Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is the partial schematic diagram of Y-Y section among Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is the schematic representation with the balancing component of Z-Z cross section view form performance among Fig. 7.

Figure 10 is according to a kind of axial section with the stepless supporting type friction of fluid connector of combination tooth of the present invention.

Figure 11 be according to of the present invention another have the axial section of the stepless supporting type of the fluid friction connector of combination tooth.

Figure 12 is the axial section of the stepless supporting type friction of a kind of adjustable elastic according to the present invention connector.

Figure 13 is the axial section of the stepless supporting type friction of another adjustable elastic according to the present invention connector.

Wherein, for ease of performance and explanation, upper half part of Fig. 1,5～6,10～13 medial axis X is corresponding to separating the wedge-type separated state, and lower half portion is corresponding to the insertion type jointing state.

Embodiment

Necessary explanation: in the text of this specification and the institute's drawings attached, same or analogous member and characteristic portion all adopt identical reference character, and only when they occur for the first time, give necessary explanation.Equally, the also working mechanism of the same or similar mechanism of not repeat specification or process.For difference is arranged on identical member or characteristic portion on symmetry or the corresponding position, this specification has added letter at the back at its reference character, and when general reference is explained or need not to distinguish, then additional any letter.

Embodiment one: the space insertion type friction connector CB1 with mechanical stepless supporting mechanism.

Shown in Fig. 1～4 is wheel one shaft drive formula friction connector CB1, and it comprises the limit power element 180 that forms and have the axial force closing function around axis X.This limit power element 180 is a ring-type bag shape member best, and the axial middle part of the inner peripheral surface 84 that it forms around axis X is provided with coaxial line and is the dish type ring-type circumferential recess 78 of plane best.The internal surface of about half cycle of this circumferential recess 78, the outer circumferential face that extends to limit power element 180 along the two tangent direction H that are parallel to each other and H ' best, and formation uniform section rectangle entrance 82.The inner radial surface 80 of circumferential recess 78, thereby extend into and have in U font shape of cross section non-closed radially surface.Can be arranged on intermediate piece 90 on tubular matrix 60 outer circumferential faces that ring sides in the guiding element 50 extend towards the inner, in the form of a ring friction member 70 and supporting element 220 roughly axially successively with trackslipping; Can be along Fig. 2 hollow core arrow direction; 82 directly include circumferential recess 78 in by inlet one in company with guiding element 50; And by axially can trackslip in limit power element 180 endoporus first 200, be radially positioned on the axis X.This radial location obviously also can realize by the non-rolling bearing that trackslips.Simultaneously, by Placement such as spline pair, first 200 inner peripheral surface that non-rotatably is connected to tubular matrix 60.

Be to be noted that at this circumferential recess 78 is the uniform section rectangle with inlet 82 in the form of a ring, all be to realize the best of the present invention but and nonessential setting.In fact, as long as can include in such as guiding element 50 and intermediate piece 90, circumferential recess 78 can have arbitrary shape and unequal section with inlet 82.As a same reason; The also essential circumferentially sealing of the inner peripheral surface 84 of limit power element 180 and corresponding to through endoporus; It for example can be the U-shaped opening shape of half cycle roughly and fully corresponding to a blind hole, as long as on this inner peripheral surface 84, can set out the circumferential recess 78 in order to the roughly half cycle of taking in the revolving member such as intermediate piece 90.

Obviously, the ring-type bag shape limit power element 180 of axial force sealing also can be a compostle member.For example, by the fastening means such as welding, riveted joint or bolt, a cup-shaped shell-type limit power element axial restraint with center hole is connected to the end face of a dish type annulus, and limits circumferential recess 78.For another example; By the mode that is fastenedly connected such as welding, on the outer circumferential face that comprises axial middle part and/or outer end, be provided with to interference at least one circumferential band or ring gear; Make progress the footpath at least roughly symmetrical; And be provided with two semicircle shell-type limit power elements of semicircle peripheral groove on the semicircle inner headed face, radially regularly to being connected into a combined type ring-type limit power element that limits complete circumferential recess 78.The more detailed description and the diagram of dependency structure, can referring to preceding text whole two patent applications that combine, be not described further here.

Continuation is referring to Fig. 1, and friction member 70 is through on its outer circumferential face, is provided with one and radially extends to the mode of the flanged type arm of force 75 of its outer rim with the form of complementation along inlet 82, non-rotatably connects into a combined type bag shape friction member with limit power element 180.Two radial side surfaces of the arm of force 75 can be meshed with two radial side surfaces of inlet 82 simultaneously complementaryly, and transmitting torque.Be best on the interior edge face of outer rim side of guiding element 50 of ladder ring-type, be provided with one group of bidirectional screw guiding tooth 52 that circumferentially is uniformly distributed with around axis X best.Correspondingly, intermediate piece 90 in the face of on the end face of guiding element 50, be provided with and the tooth 52 that leads is one group of spirally-guided tooth 92 of complementary structure.Guiding tooth 52 and 92 is chimeric unvaryingly, constitutes best around rotating the two-way rotation guide mechanism of contact type of axis X G.In addition, intermediate piece 90 can link to each other with rotary type traction rubbing surface 72 frictions that are arranged on friction member 70 opposing end surfaces with complimentary fashion best through the revolution rubbing surface 104 on its anodontia end face, constitutes revolving molding surface contact traction friction mechanism F1.And guiding element 50 is through the power transmission rubbing surface 58 on its anodontia end face; Can with an interior edge face that is arranged on circumferential recess 78; Just limit power transmission rubbing surface 74 frictions of the circular dish type end 188b interior edge face of power element 180 to link to each other; Formation non-rotatably combines with guiding element 50 and friction member 70, and directly transmits the revolving molding surface contact power transmission friction mechanism F2 of friction torque between the two.Traction friction mechanism F1 and rotation guide mechanism G form face type space wedge mechanism jointly, and this mechanism constitutes the space insertion type friction bindiny mechanism of the axial force sealing of friction connector CB1 again with power transmission friction mechanism F2.

Should be noted that; The implication that the application " directly transmits friction torque " is meant; The bang path of torque between two members be only through a friction mechanism, and without any second other mechanism, and the quantity of itself and this rubbing surface/sheet that friction mechanism had has no relation.

What must particularly point out is in view of the characteristics of full circumferential surface contact friction, should be filled with brake fluid or the cooling liquid that helps dispel the heat best among the friction connector CB1, during especially as break, to form the wet friction environment.Simultaneously, also should with reference to known technology, the radial passage that communicates with each other accordingly be set best, for example the radial direction through hole among Fig. 5 79 in the friction surface or the inside of friction member 70 members such as grade.

Obviously; Because the dish type ring-type circumferential recess 78 of ring-type bag shape limit power element 180 is arranged to planar disc but not the awl plate-like best; Therefore, connector CB1 can not require the combination of guiding element 50 and intermediate piece 90 and the coaxial accuracy between the limit power element 180 in theory.That is to say, can be not between the rotation guide mechanism G in the friction bindiny mechanism, traction friction mechanism F1 and the power transmission friction mechanism F2 three and the coaxality of three and axis X do excessive demand, when especially rotating speed is not high.As long as its two faces contact revolution friction pairs are perpendicular to axis X, and the guiding element 50 that only has a very little relative rotation is coaxially set each other with intermediate piece 90 and gets final product.And relative modern crafts guarantee that the coaxality between these two annular components is again a simple and work cheaply.Therefore, this requirement and cost that will significantly reduce making, assembling and use connector CB1.

Combine Fig. 4 that detailed relation and the structure characteristic of two-way rotation guide mechanism G are described below again.Wherein, The opposed facing guide surface 54 and 94 that has trapezoidal cross-section and the every pair of face type spirally-guided tooth 52 that radially extends and 92 best; All complementally be configured to the screw type flank of tooth; After both circumferentially fit each other, just can form spiral guiding friction pair corresponding to two groups of face contacts of different circumferencial directions.Preferably, respectively towards the lift angle λ of two complementations of two groups of guide surface 54a of two circumferencial directions and 94a and 54b and 94b _aAnd λ _b, all equal λ symmetrically.Usually, 0＜λ≤ξ, distinguishingly, ζ＜λ≤ξ or 0＜λ≤ζ (when ζ＞0).Obviously, if only need transmit unidirectional torque, lift angle λ _aAnd λ _bIn one, 90 degree of the X that can equal best to parallel to the axis.Preferably; The tooth depth of all lead teeth 52 and 92; Fit when all being configured to not hinder corresponding to two groups of guide surface 54a of two circumferencial directions and 94a and 54b and 94b in the axial direction; That is the axial minimum separable δ of tooth top separately and teeth groove groove bottom of living in separately can equal zero to guarantee the circumferential degrees of freedom/gap of rotating guide mechanism G best greater than zero.

Understand easily; The chisel teeth that in fact a plurality of guiding teeth 52 on guiding element 50 end faces are exactly the space wedge mechanism; Its guide surface 54 respectively towards two circumferencial directions axially on gradually near the rotary type traction rubbing surface 72 of friction member 70, and surround two groups respectively with the latter and respectively comprise a plurality of end face wedge shape spaces along extending circumferentially.And a plurality of guiding teeth 92 that are arranged in these a plurality of wedge shape spaces are exactly wedging, and it not be because of must radial motion be merged into a part best each other, i.e. the intermediate piece 90 of whole ring-type.

Be the going into wedge and removing wedge of the friction of implementation space insertion type controllably bindiny mechanism, also be provided with especially into the wedge control mechanism among the friction connector CB1, connect with the closed conflict of operably forcing to set up or cancel friction bindiny mechanism of axial force.Wherein, go into the wedge control mechanism and comprise that is rotated the stepless supporting mechanism SS of guiding type, the SS of this mechanism comprises friction member 70, supporting element 220 and the limit power element 180 as supported, referring to Fig. 1,3,4.In the form of a ring supporting element 220 is roughly conflicted to another interior edge face of friction member 70 and circumferential recess 78 and is just supported end face 189 axially to go up simultaneously rigidity, and the mode of doing limited rotation, is arranged between friction member 70 and the power of the limit element 180.

In the present embodiment, it is intermediate piece and another space wedge mechanism with limiting angle ξ ' with supporting element 220 that stepless supporting mechanism SS is specially one, and it is provided with the rotation guide mechanism UG that is unidirectional best.Two groups of one-way spiral type guiding teeth 62 and 232 with complementary structure of this guide mechanism UG are separately positioned on the opposed facing ring end face of friction member 70 and supporting element 220, are connected so that both rotate guiding ground.In fact, guiding tooth 62 and 232 also can be separately positioned on and support on the end face 224 and 189.Referring to Fig. 3～4, guiding tooth 62 and 232 has jagged profile of tooth, the spirally-guided face 64 and 234 that the two is provided with lift angle λ '≤ξ ', the non-guide surface 61 and 236 of the X that parallels to the axis best, and Topland 238 best.Wherein, the definition of ξ ' is same as ξ.

In addition, be provided with best on the outer circumferential face of supporting element 220 along what inlet 82 radially extended to its outer rim and reverse the arm of force 222.This arm of force 222 has suitable intilted side surface 228, so that this arm of force 222 has running clearance best with inlet 82 bi-side, thereby guarantees that supporting element 220 relative friction members 70 have enough circumferential degrees of freedom ε '.Like this; Relative limit power element 180 rotatable support 220 on a circumferencial direction just can be within this circumferential degrees of freedom ε ', and supporting end face 224 and 189 with competing rotary type be reference level; Axially infinitely expel/move friction member 70; With with friction member 70, intermediate piece 90 and guiding element 50, seamlessly rigidity compresses/conflicts on power transmission rubbing surface 74, perhaps cancels this rigidity and compresses/the conflict state; Thereby the closed conflict of axial force of forcibly setting up or cancel friction bindiny mechanism connects, and forces the space wedge mechanism on two circumferencial directions, to go into wedge reliably or separate wedge.Wherein, guiding element 50, intermediate piece 90, friction member 70 and the axial freedom δ ' of supporting element 220 in circumferential recess 78 are greater than zero, but moving axially apart from ε ' * tg λ ' smaller or equal to the pairing rotation guide movement of above-mentioned circumferential degrees of freedom ε '.Optimally; Can between for example power transmission rubbing surface 74 and friction member 70, helical compression spring be set; Perhaps, in the respective radial holes of limit power element 180, the straight line wire spring is set, acts on the outer radial flange of friction member 70 by traction rubbing surface 72 1 ends respectively; So that the axial freedom δ ' in the separated state, between the rubbing surface of friction mechanism F1 or F2.

For controlling, go into the wedge control mechanism and also comprise the trigger mechanism AC that triggers wedge action/process.This trigger mechanism AC is a cylindrical cam mechanism best; It comprises the benchmark protruding 122 that radially is arranged on the 188b outer circumferential face of dish type end; Radially be arranged on the guide protrusions 132 of the arm of force 222 outer circumferential faces, and can be arranged on the triggering ring 120 on limit power element 180 outer circumferential faces with trackslipping.Correspondingly, the inner peripheral surface that triggers ring 120 is provided with the baseline trough 124 of taking in benchmark protruding 122 slidably, and, take in the guiding groove 134 of guide protrusions 132 slidably.Baseline trough 124 and guiding groove 134 can be the same conduit that begins by the end have different sections of different lift angles, can be two separate conduits that extend to end face respectively, also can be the conduit of radial direction through hole formula.Trigger on the outer circumferential face of ring 120 and then be provided with slip ring groove 126 best, be arranged at unshowned shift fork wherein, can according to known manner best flexible drive trigger ring 120 and move axially.In fact, trigger ring 120 also can by one with its rotatably static component driving of linking to each other of axial restraint.And its axial trigger type motivator can be according to known technology, by mechanical mechanism, electromagnetic mechanism, hydraulic mechanism or comprise that the dynamo-electric mechanism of stepper motor provides nearby.For example, drive, just can obtain rapid joint or separation but the irrelevant centrifugal friction connector of engaging force and rotating speed by known steel ball linkage type centrifugal mechanism.

Be provided with, trigger mechanism AC has such effect.That is, move axially and trigger ring 120, for example in Fig. 1 from left to right; Mobile guide effect through guiding groove 134; Can cause guide protrusions 132 relative limit power elements 180 to rotate,, do guiding rotation in the same way thereby drive supporting element 220 relative friction members 70 for example along the arrow P direction among Fig. 4; And before supporting element 220 circumferential conflicts to 82 the radial side of entering the mouth; Friction member 70, intermediate piece 90 and guiding element 50 are conflicted rigidly to power transmission rubbing surface 74, force to set up the closed conflict of axial force and connect, shown in the Lower Half of Fig. 1.And axially reverse moving triggered ring 120; Then execution is forced to cancel the closed conflict of above-mentioned axial force and is connected, and can make the axial free clearance sum between the above-mentioned member fully in contrast to last action; Once more near or equal axial freedom δ ', shown in the first half of Fig. 1.

And on two circumferencial directions, reliably go into wedge in order to ensure intermediate piece 90, and the reliability and the conformity of going into the wedge action, the circumferential position-limit mechanism that the wedge control mechanism also is provided with the circumferential degrees of freedom of limit rotation guide mechanism G best gone into.This position-limit mechanism is one best and is arranged on circumferential degrees of freedom between guiding element 50 and the intermediate piece 90 more than or equal to zero the chimeric mechanism of axial/radial cotter way formula; It comprises one Chinese style spacing preiection 68 is arranged on the guiding tooth Topland wherein at least; On the Topland of the guiding tooth of for example illustrating among Fig. 4 52; And in order to axially slidably permanent accommodate this convexity 68 to Chinese style limited impression 118, then be arranged on the for example Bottom land of relative guiding tooth 92.Best, spacing preiection 68 should have circumferential elasticity at least concurrently, and the footpath upwards is arranged on the inner terminal of guiding tooth 52, for example, is served as by the Spring Steel Wire of an implanted.At this moment, circumferentially the circumferential degrees of freedom of position-limit mechanism can equal zero best.

Certainly; Spacing preiection 68 also can be arranged on the opposed facing inner and outer circumferential surfaces of guiding element 50 and intermediate piece 90 with groove 118; With with both sides constantly elastic shrinkage be integral; Related description see for details in after, perhaps, be arranged on indirectly with guiding element 50 and intermediate piece 90 non-rotatable other members that link to each other on.For example, on the inner peripheral surface of limit power element 180 and the outer circumferential face of intermediate piece 90,, and can have the form that connects such as feather key/pin referring to Fig. 5,6,10.In addition, above-mentioned axial elasticity contractile function also can by one independently elastic element provide, for example, two terminations embed the spiral tension spring in intermediate piece 90 and the guiding element 50 outer circumferential face respective radial holes respectively.

Be provided with, circumferentially position-limit mechanism has such effect.That is, in the separated state, the axial conflict of intermediate piece 90 and guiding element 50 is all carried out with the mode that 94b contacts simultaneously with 94a and 54b with guide surface 54a.Like this, the insertion type of going up in any direction engages, and friction connector CB1 all can not produce circumferential idle stroke, and corresponding friction is impacted.And the separation process of going wedge-type has significant step evolution with simple and direct and rapid.Even if interval when the angle of climb of lift angle λ value 0～ζ, the circumferential barrier effect of spacing preiection 68 also can make this process accomplish with the step mode, can not resemble to accomplish with gradual manner the existing technology.

The working procedure of friction connector CB1 is very simple.In the separated state; Driving triggering ring 120 through unshowned shift fork moves axially; For example in Fig. 1, move from left to right, rotate like arrow P direction among Fig. 4 just can cause supporting element 220 relative friction members 70 to be followed the usual practice, thereby by the rotation leading role of stepless supporting mechanism SS; Force and rotate guide mechanism G, draw friction mechanism F1 and power transmission friction mechanism F2 axially applying of completion simultaneously as described above, that is force to set up the closed conflict connection of axial force simultaneously.So the rotation along any direction of guiding element 50 relative friction members 70 all can force intermediate piece 90 that the two wedging is become a friction piece, and then change the insertion type jointing state over to.Afterwards, trigger ring 120 and need not to apply constantly maintenance energy, friction connector CB1 all can keep this insertion type friction coupled condition, stably transmitting torque adaptively.

For example; When accomplishing the closed conflict of above-mentioned axial force and connecting or afterwards; As long as guiding element 50 has the trend of rotating along the relative friction member 70 of arrow P direction among Fig. 4 constantly; Friction member 70 all will draw the intermediate piece 90 that rotates guide mechanism G by the traction friction torque of traction friction mechanism F1, and relative guiding element 50 is along the arrow R direction guide movement that rotates.What this rotation guide movement was produced moves axially/tension force; To lead tooth 92 moment wedging in guide surface 54a and the end face wedge shape space that surrounded of traction rubbing surface 72; Just intermediate piece 90 becomes a friction piece with guiding element 50 with friction member 70 wedgings; In the time of traction friction mechanism F1 thereby axial engagement, also with guiding element 50 swelling at once at the corresponding interior edge face of limit power element 180 just on the power transmission rubbing surface 74, to form the closed conflict ways of connecting of axial force; Cause power transmission friction mechanism F2 also to engage synchronously, and guiding element 50 and 70 weeks of friction member are upwards directly connected into a friction piece.Referring to Fig. 1 lower half portion.

So friction connector CB1 engages along with the wedging of space wedge mechanism.By first 200 driving torque M that imports in tubular matrix 60 endoporus ₀, be divided into via rotating the wedging friction torque M of guide mechanism G with traction friction mechanism F1 transmission ₁, and the power transmission friction torque M that directly transmits via power transmission friction mechanism F2 ₂, passing to the friction member 70 and limit power element 180 of circumferential one respectively, the unshowned power transmission characteristic surface on latter's outer circumferential face or end face passes to unshowned other member again.Wherein, M ₀=M ₁+ M ₂, and the size of above-mentioned axial tension force, wedging power/engaging force and each frictional force, all be proportional to M fully adaptively ₁, driving torque M just ₀

Far and away, because the symmetry properties that makes progress in week, guiding element 50 has the working procedure of all fours along the rotation of the relative friction member 70 of arrow R direction among Fig. 4, need not repeat specification.And torque also can be by transmitting with above-mentioned opposite path, and working procedure does not have any essential difference.

But what should particularly point out is; As stated; Friction connector CB1 can obtain adaptively the antioverloading that driving torque overload relatively skids and destroy function only in having being provided with of ζ＜λ≤ξ, and must be transmitted to friction member 70/ limit power element 180 by guiding element 50 but prerequisite is torque; Just the edge is aforesaid by the path direction transmission of axle to wheel, rather than opposite.And can know that by the basic general knowledge of the kinology of theorem of moment of momentum/theorem of momentum have the load of very important rotary inertia, just first 200, its rotating speed can not produce ascending to heaven or rapid drawdown of step type in the moment that friction connector CB1 engages.So; When there is greatly speed discrepancy in the member that is connected by friction with first 200; Have the above-mentioned insertion type engaging process of the gearing friction connector CB1 of ζ＜λ≤ξ setting, must be one and occur the transient process that of short duration overload is trackslipped adaptively, finish until overload; And can not produce harmful the impact, more can not cause the damage that stops prime mover or cause associated components.Its friction slip torque/axial engagement power equals all the time adaptively/corresponding to driving torque M ₀, it is dead can not cause its wedge.The engagement characteristics that this overload is skidded will be particularly conducive to the operating mode of clutch and braking.

For example; If be coupled in the for example wheel shaft or the track sprocket shaft of motor vehicle with first 200; To limit power element 180 to be coupled in the fixed frame (not shown),, will therefore have adaptive ABS anti-locking brake function best as the friction connector CB1 of break.Need not the help or the support of any other element or system, more need not to detect any rotating speed and the slip rate of paying close attention to traction and wheel, its retarding torque all can be adaptively to equaling the driving torque M from first 200 ₀, and this torque M ₀Maximum value again adaptively corresponding to the maximum ground adhesion of wheel/crawler belt.And this ABS anti-locking brake function has nothing to do in any concrete parameter of concrete vehicle, has versatility widely, significantly is superior to existing technology.Simultaneously crucially, connector CB1 also can have best parking braking function, can automatically directly transfer service brake to reliable parking braking, and is easy to be designed to removed by the interlock of the trample action of for example accelerator pedal.

Afterwards, when needs finish the insertion type jointing state, only need to carry out above-mentioned opposite operation, cancel rigid support, remove axial force sealing coupled condition and get final product.Promptly; Driving triggering ring 120 through unshowned shift fork oppositely moves; For example in Fig. 1, move from right to left, rotate like arrow R direction among Fig. 4, just do the rotation of the leading role of the stepless supporting mechanism SS of releasing just can cause supporting element 220 relative friction members 70 to be followed the usual practice.Therefore, the normal pressure between the guide surface 64 and 234 rotates leading role with it, will disengage disappearing in a flash and simultaneously of trend each other along with two guide surfaces produce.Nature, two friction mechanism F1 and F2 and space wedge mechanism based on the axially support power of the SS of this mechanism will separate or separate wedge immediately, and because the G of mechanism, F1 and F2 axially applying simultaneously, and lose once more the possibility of wedging.So friction connector CB1 finishes to engage and change over to once more to separate the wedge-type separated state.At this moment, intermediate piece 90 is just followed guiding element 50 friction member 70 and 180 idle running of limit power element relatively together.Referring to Fig. 1 upper half part.

Should be noted that to cause friction connector CB1 to engage and the motivator of separating, just act on the axial driving force of slip ring groove 126 interior edge faces, comparing of being used to separate be used to engage for greatly.But said with reference to preamble, the guiding lift angle λ ' of stepless supporting mechanism SS is more near its limiting angle ξ ', and the controlling torque that driving supporting element 220 is done the rotation of separation solution wedge just approaches zero more, and trigger type control is also just easy more.In theory, this torque equals ξ ' along with λ ' and equal zero (supporting element 220 critical circumferentially " extruded " in the normal force that is applied on guide surface 234).Therefore nature also can approach or equal zero corresponding to the axial force of the driving slip ring groove 126 of this controlling torque, and the axial maintenance energy that therefore need continue best, to keep the triggering state, improves the reliability of stepless supporting mechanism SS wedging.Such as, by guide protrusions 132 friction self-locking,, or be positioned on two positions that can cause friction connector CB1 to engage or separate by groove type elastic positioning machine structure by locking/positioning means with resilient member with guiding groove 134 respectively reciprocally.

So far be not difficult to find that the friction connector that is specially friction clutcch and break of existing technology has many beneficial effects according to friction connector CB1 of the present invention relatively.

At first, the necessary energy supplying device of existing technology and transmission device that it has thoroughly been abandoned, especially wherein not only complicated but also expensive hydraulic system; Not only cause friction connector (system) structure to be able to significantly simplify and compactness; Make with assembly cost lower, particularly large-scale relatively or heavy transmission system, but also had the torque capacity that doubles at least because of axial engagement power high-strength; Therefore axial and radial dimension all greatly reduces, and system reliability greatly improves.Obviously, therefore the present invention has had significant versatility, is applicable to miniature to all heavy applications.

Secondly, its insertion type frictional force to equaling driving or the load torque from guiding element 50, has basically no about friction factor fully adaptively, does not have the excessive or not enough possibility of axial pressing force.It is just non-slip to have the back of joint nonoverload respectively; The perhaps also non-slip characteristic of overload; Order friction connector CB1 has had higher reliability and Security; And therefore had optimal ABS anti-locking brake function with the simplest mode, and reliable parking braking function, perhaps the sliding braking function of absolute nothing that needs is gone up in industry.

Once more, its operation is easier, and action response is faster, is easier to realize easily line traffic control transmission or braking, guarantees long synchronism, conformity and agility apart from transmission or braking more easily.

Again secondly,, it need not the engaging force that the external world provides friction pair, and essential continue or bigger control force only needs the motivator of trigger type when separating or engage, thereby more energy-conservation, and control gear is simpler, moves lighter sensitivity.

At last; Owing to realized the simplification of lightweight, structure and the control of system; Therefore, as long as coupling goes up such as machinery, electromagnetism, fluid or comprises the trigger mechanism/control gear of step motor type simply, the present invention who comprises friction connector CB1 just can be specially controlled mechanical type, electromagnetic type, fluid type or the electric-controlled type passive delivery connector that rubs; And will be superior to all kinds of relevant dynamic source clutch and the break of existing technology and the branch of anhydrous gentle vertical installation significantly.For example, have the electromagnetic actuation formula friction connector CB1 that 0＜λ≤ζ is provided with, just be superior to the slipping toothed electromagnetic clutch of existing technology in all directions, and can replace.And such as engage centrifugal force trigger type rapidly, electromagnetism dead electricity or the friction connector CB1 of electric trigger type; Just can be used as the emergency brake and/or the service brake of the anti-hypervelocity of elevator cab/cage/fall-prevention such as escalator best, the runaway/fast break of perhaps various heat power prime mover etc.

In addition, connector CB1 is also because of no centrifugal inertia force in friction, and has the high-speed rotation ability that almost only depends on associated materials intensity; Have wearing and tearing hardly because of rotating guide mechanism G, the frictional force of friction mechanism F1 and F2 electrically isolates from centrifugal inertia force and compensate for wear automatically, and has than the operating life of growing.

For example, be not less than 50mm at the internal diameter of guiding element 50, the external diameter of limit power element 180 is between 98～175mm; Axial width is between 60～100mm; And service factor and friction factor be respectively 2.0 and at 0.1 o'clock, and the half cycle of only having an appointment can wedging and the friction connector CB1 of power transmission, and its insertion type friction calculating torque just can reach 2; 790～16, the magnitude level of 900Nm.Even if decrease because of process structures such as heat radiation groove are set, its transmission capacity will be higher than existing technology far away, particularly density/the capacity of transmission of torque.

Should be noted that for seeking bigger design freedom and make more easily wedging or separate wedge of space wedge mechanism, the present invention also has the technological means of various lifting limiting angle ζ and ξ numerical value.Comprise; The guide surface 54 and 94 that rotates guide mechanism G is arranged to the tilting screw type flank of tooth; The rubbing surface 72 and 104 of traction friction mechanism F1 is arranged to frusto-conical surface; Cause guide surface 54 in the shaft section with 94 or rubbing surface 72 with 104 and the angle/half cone drift angle of axis X be not equal to 90 and spend, and equal 0～180 other value of spending; To draw friction mechanism F1 and be arranged to many friction disk types structure; And the material or the element that will possess bigger friction factor are attached at least one in rubbing surface 72 and 104.For example; Be at 0.1 o'clock at static friction coefficient; ζ among the friction connector CB1 and ξ equal 0 degree and 11.4 degree respectively, and the rubbing surface that only needs to draw friction mechanism F1 is arranged to this measure of frusto-conical surface that the half cone drift angle equals 30 degree, and above-mentioned limiting angle just rises to 5.6 degree and 17.02 degree respectively.What should mention in passing here is, this specification has provided literal definition clearly and the explanation about limiting angle ζ and ξ, need not to pay any performing creative labour, and those of ordinary skill in the art all can derive its functional relation/formula in view of the above.

Can know by general knowledge; The torque capacity of friction connector CB1 and reduce axial internal force when increasing equivalent diameter; Traction friction mechanism F1 and power transmission friction mechanism F2 also can be according to known technologies; Be set to the clutch mechanism of many friction disk types as described above respectively or simultaneously, and therefore had one group of traction friction pair or power transmission friction pair more than one.

Expect easily; If between the power transmission rubbing surface 58 and 74 in Fig. 1; An intermediate piece 90 axially is set symmetrically again; And form another respectively symmetrically with guiding element 50 and friction member 70 and rotate guide mechanism G and traction friction mechanism F1, friction connector CB1 will lose power transmission friction mechanism F2, and have the traction friction mechanism F1 of two shared same combined type bag shape friction members.Perhaps, exchange the axial position of guiding element 50 and intermediate piece 90, friction mechanism F1 and F2 also will axially exchange, and the latter will directly combine respectively with guiding element 50 and friction member 70 rigidly.Perhaps; Exchange and rotate guide mechanism G and traction friction mechanism F1 both sides; Just exchange the axial position of guiding tooth 52,92 and rubbing surface 72,104 in couples, friction connector CB1 just can be on by the bang path that takes turns to axle, possesses to transship the protective function that skids.At this moment, friction member 70 and guiding element 50 among Fig. 1 have exchanged the role in fact.Perhaps, friction member 70 and intermediate piece 90 are merged into a part, and between power transmission rubbing surface 58 and 74, insert the friction ring that is coupled with different transmission shafts in the endoporus, friction member 70 will be modified to intermediate piece.That is, in back two kinds of modification, supported will be served as by guiding element and intermediate piece respectively.

Need to prove that described in definition, the present invention does not make concrete restriction to rotation guide mechanism G and guiding tooth 52,92 thereof, it must not have best helical tooth structure.Therefore, G of this mechanism and guiding tooth thereof can have and possess the form and the shape of rotating guide function arbitrarily.The guiding tooth can be arranged on end face/side face by discrete form, also can circumferentially be arranged on the corresponding inside/outside side face to continuity by such as single head or multiple-threaded form.And in the back a kind of the setting in the form, it can be arranged to have the helical tooth such as rectangle, trapezoidal, zigzag fashion or triangle prismatic shapes best.As a same reason; As long as can realize axial complementary applying/conflict best; The tapering shape rotary type rubbing surface of two groups of revolution friction pairs separately of traction friction mechanism F1 and power transmission friction mechanism F2; Can form based on arbitrary curve/bus revolution, and can be the discontinuous surface that is provided with in order to the groove of heat radiation or eliminating liquid/gas.

Therefore, friction connector CB1 can also have such modification.Promptly; The spirally-guided tooth 52 and 92 of wherein rotation guide mechanism G is arranged on the inner peripheral surface of outer circumferential face and intermediate piece 90 of tubular matrix 60; Perhaps, be arranged on the outer circumferential face of intermediate piece 90 and be formed at guiding element 50 radially on the inner peripheral surface of the annular end face flange of outer rim side the position of intermediate piece 90 and guiding element 50 (be equivalent to radially overturn).Perhaps, remove guiding element 50, by such as modes such as precision casting, cast, die casting or injection mouldings, the tooth 52 that will lead directly is formed on the power transmission rubbing surface 74 rigidly, so that limit power element 180 is modified to bag shape guiding element with axial force closing function.Correspondingly, between intermediate piece 90 and friction member 70, radially insert the dish type friction ring that an endoporus is coupled to first 200 again, friction connector CB1 just various type is that guiding element is the wheel-shaft drive formula friction connector of bag shape member.And if be fixedly attached to the endoporus of intermediate piece 90 again with another, the latter just will exchange the role with guiding element and become a bag shape intermediate piece, this modification will further be modified to intermediate piece and be an axle-shaft drive formula of the bag shape member connector that rubs.

Further; Remove above-mentioned guiding element and be the circumferential position-limit mechanism in the modification of bag shape member; Remove its friction member 70 and supporting element 200, the arm of force 222 that will have guide protrusions 132 is transplanted on the outer circumferential face of intermediate piece 90, forms controlling mechanism AM with triggering ring 120; And λ ≈ ξ is set as described above, just can obtain having the simple structure modification of four members.Control it and trigger moving axially of ring 120, just can make intermediate piece 90 separate wedge or on single circumferencial direction, go into wedge.Accordingly, this simple structure modification in the insertion type jointing state only can be on this correspondence circumferencial direction transmitting torque, can not be opposite, remove non-return mobile triggering ring 120 to switching-over and go into wedge.Therefore, this simple structure modification no longer has friction connector CB1 through a wedging, the feature performance benefit of the transmitting torque that just can on any circumferencial direction, commutate at any time adaptively.Undoubtedly, above-mentioned intermediate piece also can further have similar four member simple structure modification for the modification of bag shape member.

In addition, if desired, for example when the break, the bag shape member that limit power element 180 also can the complete ring-type of right and wrong.That is, when needs extend axially tubular matrix 60 so that its of guiding element 50 for example can not be radially during through inlet 82, can radial indentation be set at an axial end at inlet 82 places.For example, will be positioned at the inner peripheral surface of the just in time half cycle of inner peripheral surface 84b one end, two tangent directions that are parallel to each other along being parallel to H or H ' radially extend to the outer circumferential face of limit power element 180, and form a breach that allows tubular matrix 60 to insert/pass through.So inner peripheral surface 84b extends into equally has in U font shape of cross section non-closed radially surface, it is the U-shaped trip ring of a likeness in form counterweight that limit power element 180 becomes.Certainly, should in the inlet 82 that enlarges, be provided with one this moment best and have the arc casting die of complementary structure, with radial location tubular matrix 60 with this inlet.

Diagram and explanation about the more multiple changing type of axial force enclosed construction and ring-type bag shape member; Can referring to preceding text whole two patent applications that combine; And the space insertion type friction free wheel device with bag shape member by name of the applicant's proposition; And being incorporated in full this one Chinese patent application 201020563404.9, the application is not described further here.

In addition, friction connector CB1 is during as break, and trigger mechanism AC is more direct mode obviously, circumferentially drives supporting element 220 and rotates.For example, by worm-and-wheel gear shown in figure 12.And; In the guide surface 54 and 94 of for example ζ＜λ≤ξ can not trackslip being provided with of climbing; Also can between two axial conflict faces of at least one axial end that rotates guide mechanism Ga and/or Gb, for example support between end face 189 and 224, be provided with at least one elastic element with adjusting axle to engaging force; For example, comprise one group of dish spring of one at least.Like this, friction connector CB1 will be the same with existing technology, have the ability of can be fast and infinitely regulating braking force/torque, to satisfy concrete and complicated actual demand.Obviously; Equal self thickness when the dish spring is compressed into, perhaps, before this supporting element 220 rigidity conflict when support end face 189; Friction connector CB1 will change the box-like jointing state of aforesaid rigid wedge at once over to, and therefore change adaptive ABS ANTI LOCK state over to.

Certainly, stepless supporting mechanism SS should have enough big guiding lift best, with the realization that guarantees that the closed conflict of above-mentioned axial force connects.And the above-mentioned adjustable setting of axial engagement power/seal force that comprises elastic element also is applicable to the situation of friction connector CB1 as clutch, so that it has the characteristic and the process of flexible engagement.Especially, be somebody's turn to do the required time of flexible engagement process till rigidity wedging/joint, can set in advance and control.This needs only the speed/time that moves axially of controlling control ring 120 simply.

Embodiment two: the space insertion type friction connector CB2 with the stepless supporting mechanism of fluid

As shown in Figure 5, friction connector CB2 is the modification to friction connector CB1.

At first, for obtaining the combined type bag shape guiding element of axial force closing function, guiding element 50 and limit power element 180 be all with the spline Connecting format, non-rotatably is arranged on first 200 the outer circumferential face.Be used for-driven off by shaft second 210 on axle, then with the same manner, non-rotatably be arranged in the endoporus of friction member 70, and, be radially positioned in rotationally on the corresponding inner peripheral surface of limit power element 180 by bearing 158.Simultaneously, on second 210 interior edge face, be provided with the cylindric central protuberance 214 of coaxial line X best, it is accommodated in the center hole 204 of the coaxial line X that is arranged in first 200 interior edge face, and is separated with rotating needle roller 206 best.

In fact; Also can be through between the corresponding side face of tubular matrix 60b and dish type end 188a, spline pair being set; Perhaps, the mode of the radially arm of force of the similar arm of force 75 is set on the outer circumferential face of guiding element 50, guiding element 50 non-rotatably is connected to limit power element 180.

Secondly, be to adapt to high-speed rotation, also best in the remaining space of the inlet 82 that sealed piece 190 internal side diameters of ring-type are not filled, be provided with one and have the arc balancing component/balancing weight 240 of complementary structure best with this remaining space.This balancing component 240 is best by in its axial bore 242, and is fixedly connected at least one the fixing pin radial location in the axial bore 81 of limit power element 180, referring to Fig. 2,7.190 of sealed pieces with such as welding, riveted joint, splicing, screw pair, radially or the fastening or non-mode that is fastenedly connected end face screw, interference or the Spielpassung, be arranged on the outer circumferential face of limit power element 180, with sealing/shutoff inlet 82 best.

Once more; Circumferential position-limit mechanism to Chinese style spacing preiection 68; Be specially thread linear springs, be set in place in the radial direction through hole of tubular matrix 60 to its internal diameter end penetrability, its external diameter end is fixed in the radially pass centering formula limited impression 118 of intermediate piece 90 inner peripheral surfaces best.The adjacent portion of these two radial holes is truncated cone shape best, makes limited circumferential and axial elastic displacement to allow intermediate piece 90 relative guiding elements 50, and has such effect that is provided with.That is, when the no external force effect, spacing preiection 68 can cause intermediate piece 90, and elastic shrinkage is extremely minimum constantly with guiding element 50 both sides' axial spacings, and the best circular gap corresponding to two circumferencial directions that rotates guide mechanism G that causes, and is equal to zero.

At last, stepless supporting mechanism SS is specially an inner sealing cavity device that includes fluid, and trigger mechanism AC is specially an outer closure cavity device.It is the boundary that stream oriented device has with dish type end 188a respectively accordingly, but and the variable displacement ring seal cavity 46 and 48 of inside and outside two axial stretchings that can be interconnected.Wherein, it is annular piston with the guiding element 50 as supported that the inner sealing cavity device is one, is the cylinder-piston apparatus of cylinder body with limit power element 180.The annular cavity 48 of this device is the bottom surface to support end face 51 and 189, is cylindrical boundary with two the complete inner peripheral surfaces that are provided with not shown Sealing and the outer circumferential face of the radially inside and outside end face flange of two support end faces.Cylinder-piston apparatus is in order to support guide spare 50 infinitely, and it is had at least greater than the axial stroke of δ ', can go into wedge to guarantee intermediate piece 90, makes space insertion type friction bindiny mechanism can engage power transmission.δ ' is the axial freedom of each member in the circumferential recess 78.The exterior edge face of the internal face of elastic ring diaphragm 30 and dish type end 188a limits the exocoel 46 of outer closure cavity device.Preferably, the outer rim of ring film 30 is glued in the corresponding circumferential recess 186 of dish type end 188a outer edge surface, and its inner rim then is glued to the corresponding circumferential recess that is arranged in dish type end 188a radially inner side annular end face flange 187 outer circumferential faces.

Correspondingly, stepless supporting mechanism SS and trigger mechanism AC as inside and outside two sealed cavity devices also have shared unilaterally connected valve and Decompression valves.Wherein, for the one-directional fluid in the exocoel 46 be pressed in the inner chamber 48, the exterior edge face of dish type end 188a is provided with screw-threaded counterbore 183, and is communicated to the access way 34 of inner chamber 48 by its bottom.With the screwed plug hair style valve body of spring 44, steel ball 42 and band center hole, the screw-threaded counterbore 183 of packing into successively is to form the unilaterally connected valve 40 that can unidirectionally end.And be with the one-directional fluid in the inner chamber 48 enter in the exocoel 46; On inner peripheral surface corresponding to the screw-threaded counterbore 183 at spring 44 positions; Be provided with the passage 36 that radially extends to dish type end 188a outer circumferential face, and this passage 36 is communicated to the axial passage 38 of exocoel 46.At the middle part of passage 36, be provided with crossing axial blind hole, the middle part that is positioned at shaft-like spool 41 wherein has circular groove 43, thereby constitutes Decompression valves with passage 36.Be provided with Returnning spring 45 between the interior edge face of spool 41 and the bottom of axial blind hole, can cause circular groove 43 to remain on constantly on the position of staggering each other, to cut off passage 36 with passage 36.Then conflicting to ring film 30 internal faces in the exterior edge face of spool 41, and can overcome the counter-force of spring 45 and axially pass to circular groove 43 and axially align on the position of passage 36 by the latter, thereby inner chamber 48 is communicated to exocoel 46, to reduce the pressure of fluid in the inner chamber 48.

In addition, for reducing the moving resistance of spool 41, the bottom of axial blind hole is communicated to passage 38 best.Make it have the endless metal diaphragm type spreader spring 28 of inflationary spiral constantly for getting rid of the fluid in the inner chamber 48 fast, being provided with best in the exocoel 46.For preventing that action from interfering, on the internal face that is positioned at spool 41 internal side diameter positions of diaphragm 30, be provided with the isolation protruding 32 of the 188a of conflicting best to the dish type end.Preferably, technology is set at the outer radial opening of passage 36 with thread seal plug 110.

Friction connector CB2 has the working procedure that is quite analogous to friction connector CB1; Can be used as clutch; Also can be used as break, also can have overload and skid/ABS ANTI LOCK ability when being fixed to frame (second 210), difference only is on the triggering mode of wedge action/process.That is, in the separated state, by known technology and device; By the corresponding loop axial push diaphragm 30 of axial outer end arrow VI; The fluid such as hydraulic oil in the exocoel 46 will be through the center hole of unilaterally connected valve 40, and the resistance that overcomes spring 44 pushes away its ball seat with sealed steel ball 42, and gets into inner chamber 48 through passage 34; And then promote the stroke that guiding element 50 moves axially δ ', cause friction connector CB2 to change the insertion type jointing state over to.Afterwards, the pressure of inner chamber 48 will be adaptive to institute's torque transmitted size.And by axial outer end arrow VO corresponding position or loop axial push diaphragm 30, just can push spool 41 and connect passage 36, moment releases the pressure of inner chamber 48, gets rid of fluid.Guiding element 50 axially on naturally during withdrawal, also make the G of mechanism, F1 and F2 forfeiture axial engagement power and be separated to axial clearance equaling δ ' once more, separate the wedge-type separated state so the connector CB2 that rubs changes over to.

Be to be noted that to diaphragm 30 corresponding sites trigger type pushing, can directly also can carry out indirectly, can circumferentially also can partly circumferentially carry out entirely.For example, by thrust-bearing or roller, by or compression ring flat-plate 230 at interval shown in figure 11, by or non-rotatably be connected to end face flange 187 at interval, and regularly corresponding to application of force dish type annulus of the privileged site of diaphragm 30 or the like.

In addition, the form of above-mentioned Decompression valves, unilaterally connected valve 40 and installation form be just in order to obtain best sealing and using effect, the highest reliability and life-span, thereby be not unique obviously.It can be guiding valve and the rotary valve that can change separately, can be solenoid valve, more can implement trigger type from the outside of exocoel 46 and handle.When from peripheral operation, said Decompression valves and unilaterally connected valve 40 obviously can be integrated into a guiding valve or rotary valve, or are reduced to the unilaterally connected valve 40 of a rotatable half cycle, and can cancel through hole 36 and 38.

Embodiment three: the space insertion type friction connector CB3 with the stepless supporting mechanism of fluid

For obtaining the flexible engagement ability, the main improvement of the relative CB2 of friction connector CB3 is that friction member 70 has the axial elasticity deformability best.Correspondingly, rotate the lift angle λ of guide mechanism G, be set at guide surface 54 and 94 and can trackslip each other in the 0＜λ≤ζ interval of climbing, go into the wedge control mechanism and have the damping mechanism D that is arranged between guiding element 50 and the intermediate piece 90 further.

Referring to Fig. 6～7, for reducing wearing and tearing and improving the friction transmission capacity, at least one the dish spring 100 as elastic element is set between friction member 70a and the 70b, to conflict indirectly to power transmission rubbing surface 58 best.And the damping bag 160 of damping mechanism D; Be fixedly installed on the circumferential recess 244 that is arranged in balancing component 240 inner radial surface; The flexible sheet bowl 164a and the 164b of its circumferential both sides circumferentially conflict to radially extended damping pawl 112a and 112b by intermediate piece 90 respectively.Two diaphragm bowl 164a of damping bag 160 and 164b are glued to the ring edge concave surface of damping disk 162 respectively best by two ends, form two variable volume chambers that are communicated with by damping disk 162 central damping holes.Be respectively arranged with return spring 166a and 166b in two chambers, and corresponding fluid, for example gas or liquid.

Again referring to Fig. 7～9.Groove 244 is semi-circular curve baths of an extending circumferentially, and the middle part of its outer radial bottom semicircular inner peripheral surface 248 is provided with semicircular circumferential recess 254.This groove 254 be positioned at the corresponding semi-circular groove on tabular half clip 250, radial abutment becomes the circular groove of a completion, and damping bag 160 is compressed and is fixed in the groove 244.Tabular half clip 250 extends to groove 254 with then radially being arranged on outer radial, and is arranged in the direct neck 256 of groove 244 axial both sides, and the axial pin of in balancing component 240 both ends of the surface pin-and-holes 258, being inserted 218 is radially fixing.

Optimally, the corresponding recesses on circumferential recess 254 and half clip 250 is configured to have certain tapering, in order to the edge of axial pressure diaphragm bowl 164.Simultaneously; The gap of damping pawl 112a and 112b and groove 244 circumferential corresponding wall 246a in both sides and 246b; Intermediate piece 90 guiding element 50 angle of climbing and turning over relatively just should be compressed into the degree that equals self thickness even as big as guaranteeing dish spring 100, referring to Fig. 7.

So when the combination axial internal clearance of guiding element 50 and intermediate piece 90 was more than or equal to δ ', intermediate piece 90 was just gone into wedge at once as described above, because of beginning relative guiding element 50, overload trackslips when climbing, also axial compression dish spring 100.But because intermediate piece 90 receives the circumferential damping function of damping bag 160, its climbing speed that trackslips will be hindered with angle always, traction friction mechanism F1 thereby be in the jointing state that trackslips and rub.Therebetween, friction connector CB3 is in the flexible engagement state, and has the torque transfer capability corresponding to dish spring 100 enclosed elastic power.And the damping function of damping bag 160, will be in a side cavity wherein the fluid of enough parts get into the chamber of opposite side through damping hole, allow the rotation leading role of intermediate piece 90, friction member 70a and 70b and dish spring 100 are compressed to the rigidity one till.After this, friction connector CB3 will connect into the rigidity one, change the insertion type jointing state over to, transship also non-slip, only if structural damage occurs.

Obviously, set the size of damping disk 162 central damping holes, just can set the length of damping period.And friction connector CB3 compares CB1 and CB2, no longer has the function that overload is skidded, and during as break, no longer has ABS ANTI LOCK ability.

And friction connector CB3 separates the wedge after separating, does not receive the intermediate piece 90 of friction member 70a rubbing action, will under the double action of return spring 166 and spacing preiection 68, return to relative guiding element 50 centering position freely.

Embodiment four: the space insertion type friction connector CB4 with the stepless supporting mechanism of fluid and combination tooth

Referring to Figure 10, present embodiment is the improvement to friction connector CB3, and it has had the ability that overload is skidded again so that the mode of combined type guiding tooth to be set.For this reason, have guiding tooth 52a and the 92a of the rotation guide mechanism Ga of 0＜λ≤ζ setting, be separately positioned on the interior ring side and intermediate piece 90a of guiding element 50.And have guiding tooth 52b and the 92b of the rotation guide mechanism Gb that ζ＜λ≤ξ is provided with, then be separately positioned on the outer rim side and intermediate piece 90b of guiding element 50.Intermediate piece 90a and 90b non-rotatably are connected to circumferential one through spline best.

Correspondingly, the traction rubbing surface 72b of friction member 70b, the end face that is positioned at the annular end face flange outside the friction member 70a outer circumferential face by its outer rim side serves as.The inner peripheral surface of this flange is provided with the L shaped groove 73 of the one group of extending circumferentially that comprises at least, to form L shaped double wedge 83.One end of L shaped groove 73 extends axially to traction rubbing surface 72b, to form inlet.Be arranged on the outer one group of distolateral radial protrusion 77 of friction member 70a outer circumferential face accordingly, axially circumferentially turn to its top again behind the L shaped groove 73 of entering by this inlet, just can be by L shaped double wedge 83 axial qualifying bits.The circumferential relative position of friction member 70a and 70b, fixing by second 210 in the two endoporus.Like this, dish spring 100 between the two just can be desirably by compression in advance.Therefore friction connector CB4 can have and be not equal to zero initial friction torque.

In addition, on being provided with, above-mentioned each structural element has such effect.Promptly; Intermediate piece 90a and friction member 70a at first conflict; And before finishing elasticity conflict state between friction member 70a and the 70b; Automatically the intermediate piece 90a that trackslips and climb has driven intermediate piece 90b and has conflicted simultaneously to the corresponding guide surface 54 that draws rubbing surface 72b and guiding tooth 52b, and caused intermediate piece 90b reliably to go into wedge.So friction connector CB4 changes over to and can transship the box-like jointing state of rigid wedge that skids.Therefore, when it is used as break, can has ABS ANTI LOCK ability once more, but not possess the ability of step-less adjustment retarding torque.

Embodiment five: the space insertion type friction connector CB5 with the stepless supporting mechanism of fluid and combination tooth

Referring to Figure 11, friction connector CB5 only is the simple variant of friction connector CB4.

At first, have guiding tooth 92a and the 52a of the rotation guide mechanism Ga of 0＜λ≤ζ setting, be separately positioned on the interior ring side and guiding element 50a of intermediate piece 90.Have guiding tooth 92b and the 52b of the rotation guide mechanism Gb of ζ＜λ≤ξ setting, be separately positioned on the outer rim side and guiding element 50b of intermediate piece 90.The annular region that is positioned at guiding tooth 52b radially inner side of guiding element 50b is provided with the face type circumferential recess.Be housed in the guiding element 50a in this circumferential recess versatilely, through the spline Placement, non-rotatably be connected on the outer circumferential face of this groove, thereby form circumferential one best with guiding element 50b.Simultaneously, dish spring 100 is arranged between the wall of guiding element 50a and this circumferential recess with the form of prestressing.Correspondingly, accommodate the associated recesses of spacing preiection 68, be configured to allow flexibly convergence guiding element 50 of intermediate piece 90 best, and prevent on the contrary rigidly, for example have the shape of half of tapered opening away from trend.In addition, also can be employed in the form that snap ring directly is set on the outer circumferential face of the tubular matrix 60b between intermediate piece 90 and the guiding element 50a, axially limit guiding element 50a.

Be provided with, rotate guide mechanism Ga and Gb etc., have such effect.Promptly; Week upwards; Guiding tooth 52a and the 92a that climbs that can trackslip automatically during overload conflicts at first each other; And when guiding tooth 52b and 92b both sides began to conflict each other, the axial compression corresponding to the rotation leading role of guiding tooth 52a and 92a did not cause guiding element 50a and 50b to begin indirect rigidity conflict each other in the axial direction.

Obviously; If the flange that radially extends along in the tubular matrix 60b interior edge face is set on intermediate piece 90 inner peripheral surfaces; To non-rotatably be connected to first 200 of tubular matrix 60b again; Be modified to and non-rotatably be connected to this flange, so, guiding element 50 will in fact exchange the role with intermediate piece 90.

Secondly, annular piston is served as by the friction member 70 as supported, and 48 of its inner chambers are surrounded by the soft capsule 20 of annular.This soft capsule 20 is glued to best and supports on the end face 189, and is provided with the import and export 24 corresponding to passage 34.For guaranteeing the reliable of exocoel 46 sealings, be respectively arranged with circumferential band 170 and 174 on two outer rims of ring film 30.On the circumferential band 174, being provided with can axially movable compression ring flat-plate 230, and with ring film 30, is set at that snap ring 184 limits from the outer end on the end face flange 187.Equally, the wearing and tearing when operating spool 41 for reducing also in the through hole corresponding to spool 41 of ring film 30, are provided with axial the conflict to the application of force cylinder 22 of spool 41 exterior edge faces best.And the end face flange of this through hole, then by circumferential band 172 lock rings in the circumferential recess of application of force cylinder 22.

What must specify is; Corresponding to the space wedge mechanism that resilient wedge is made a concerted effort that has that rotates guide mechanism Ga; Also bringing into play guiding simultaneously and ensureing, coming down to it and go into wedge guide mechanism and support organization reliably corresponding to the effect with absolute wedging of space wedge mechanism that rigid wedge makes a concerted effort of rotating guide mechanism Gb.

Obviously, friction connector CB5 also can be provided with the damping mechanism D of friction connector CB3～CB4.

And shared exocoel 46 is not essential among friction connector CB2～CB5.For example, when they are used as break (will limit power element 180 to be coupled to frame), unilaterally connected valve 40 can be connected to an oil hydraulic pump or accumulator, and through hole 38 can be connected directly to oil sump.At this moment, can remove second 210, and with dish type end 188a, diaphragm 30 and soft capsule 20, by circular be modified to discoid.Certainly, soft capsule 20 also can replace discoid diaphragm, perhaps, replaces the friction member 70 that serves as cylindric piston.

In addition, annular soft capsule 20, diaphragm bowl 164 and ring film 30 among the application can be knownly by the metal or the nonmetallic material of elastically deformable are processed arbitrarily such as rubber, fiber or elastic sheet metal etc.

Embodiment six: the space insertion type friction connector CB6 with adjustable stepless supporting mechanism

Shown in Figure 12 is the friction connector CB6 as break.Wherein, limit power element 180 is fixed with unshowned frame, around its inlet 82 matrix tangentially H and H ' extend square entrance part 181, referring to Fig. 2.Roughly in the form of a ring guiding element 50 and intermediate piece 90 is respectively arranged with the radial flange formula arm of force 55 and 95 that radially extends to its outer rim along inlet 82.The arm of force 55 has radially complementary structure best with inlet 82, and guiding element 50 non-rotatably is connected in the circumferential recess 78, but can move axially.The radial clearance that the arm of force 95 and inlet are 82; Can be best greatly to the axial displacement of the pairing rotation guide mechanism of the angle G that causes intermediate piece 90 relative limit power elements 180 to rotate; To and support the dish spring 100 between the end face 189 at guiding element 50, be compressed to ultimate attainment degree.Be arranged at least one position limit pin 176 in limit power element 180 respective radial holes, then, make guiding element 50 can keep precompression dish spring 100 with the form of respective flanges on guiding element 50 outer circumferential faces of can axially conflicting.

In fact, dish spring 100 can be set in place between other any two members that rotate guide mechanism G two ends, although some position effect is not good, all can infinitely adapt to the rotation guiding type compression of the G of mechanism.

For controllably obtaining the retarding torque of stepless variation, go into the wedge control mechanism and comprise at least one elastic element that is specially above-mentioned dish spring 100, and a controlling mechanism AM.This controlling mechanism AM is a worm-and-wheel gear; Its worm-gear tooth is arranged on the outer circumferential face of the arm of force 95; Its worm screw 260 radially is set in place in inlet 82 radially in the corresponding mounting hole of the square entrance part 181 in both sides rotationally, and is set at outside for example step motor drive (not shown).In fact, worm screw 260 also can be fixed to frame, thereby is arranged on indirectly on guiding element 50 or the limit power element 180.Of preamble; For reducing driving force demand and energy consumption to for example stepper motor, rotate the lift angle λ of guide mechanism G, should have such effect that is provided with best; That is, can cause the intermediate piece 90 that drives in the wedging state to equate towards the peak torque that both direction rotates.

And be to realize separating the wedge-type gap to separate, on the inner peripheral surface of intermediate piece 90, also be provided with spiral contraction spring 152 best.One termination of this spring 152 is entrenched in the respective radial holes that is arranged in intermediate piece 90 inner peripheral surfaces, and its another termination then is entrenched in the respective radial holes that is arranged in inner peripheral surface 84a.

So, through the rotation angle of controlling mechanism AM adjusting intermediate piece 90 relative guiding elements 50, just can infinitely regulate the size of friction connector CB6 braking force/torque, end because of axial stiffness conflict rigid wedge is combined into until its associated mechanisms.Obviously, above-mentioned direction in relative rotation should be same as first 200 sense of rotation.During as vehicle brake, the sense of rotation switch of stepper motor can be controlled by the reverse gear mechanism of speed changer best.

Can know that by general knowledge going into the wedge control mechanism only needs controlling mechanism AM to get final product.Behind the dish spring 100 of removal as elastic element, friction connector CB6 has controlled friction linkage function in the same old way, and it loses, and only is the ability of infinitely regulating the friction torque size.Further, the tooth 52 that will lead is set directly on the support end face 189, also can obtain the simplest embodiment who has only four members of the present invention.In addition, controlling mechanism AM obviously also can be specially a similar cylindrical cam mechanism shown in Figure 1, perhaps, is specially machinery, electromechanics, electromagnetism or liquid gas driving mechanism arbitrarily such as gear, lever or connecting rod.

Obviously, friction member 70 must be first member of radially inserting circumferential recess 78 in the assembly process.

Embodiment seven: the space insertion type friction connector CB7 with adjustable stepless supporting mechanism

Shown in figure 13, be to obtain ABS ANTI LOCK ability, as among the friction connector CB7 of break with the running shaft coupling be guiding element 50, no longer be the friction member 70 among the friction connector CB6.For this reason, friction member 70 is the closed ring-type bag of axial force shape members of fixing with frame.Guiding element 50a and 50b non-rotatably are arranged on the spline Connecting format on the outer circumferential face of spline housing 130, and dish spring 100 compartment of terrain best places therebetween.Controlling mechanism AM then is modified to a planetary mechanism.The AM of this mechanism comprises that duplex best becomes two the planetary pinion 140a and the 140b of rigidity one.This duplicate gear 140a and 140b sky rotationally are enclosed within on the planet axis 144, and along with this be fixed to the corresponding axial bore of friction member 70 and be radially positioned in the inlet 82 in.Both gear teeth 142a and 142b are engaged to the gear teeth 53 and 93 of guiding element 50a and intermediate piece 90 outer circumferential faces respectively, and have and equal 1 two-stage resultant gear ratio.Like this; Change and keep the circumferential relative position between intermediate piece 90 and the guiding element 50a; Just change and keep the former the relative latter's axial separation distance; Just the rotating speed with friction member 70 relative these two members has no relation, that is to be in rotary state with friction member 70 still be that state of rest is irrelevant.

The circumferential position of intermediate piece 90 relative guiding element 50a for a change, the gear teeth of planetary pinion 140a and 140b have different helix angles respectively, for example, are respectively the oblique gear teeth and through ship tooth, perhaps are respectively the opposite oblique gear teeth of rotation direction.Accordingly, with its gear teeth that mesh respectively 53 and 93, then correspondingly has different helix angles.Therefore, move axially the essence of planetary pinion 140a and 140b, utilize the mobile guide mechanism of action of cylindrical cam formula exactly, drive intermediate piece 90 relative guiding element 50a rotate guide movement and then driving latter compact disc spring 100.Correspondingly, be used for moving the shift fork 270 of planetary pinion 140a, 140b, run through wherein and inlet 82 declutch shift shaft 272 of bi-side radially, be rotatably positioned in inlet 82.The head of shift fork 270 is housed in the annular groove between planetary pinion 140a, 140b, and can be driven with known manner by unshowned drive unit.In fact, planet axis 144 all also can be arranged on the unshowned frame with shift fork 270, thereby is arranged at indirectly on the friction member 70.

Be provided with, controlling mechanism AM and rotation guide mechanism G etc. have such effect.That is, on the position shown in Figure 13 first half, planetary pinion 140a and 140b remain on and cause on intermediate piece 90 and circumferential centering of guiding element 50a and the null extreme position of axial spacing.At this moment, the axial clearance summation of each member in the circumferential recess 78 equals δ ', and friction connector CB7 retarding torque equals zero.And when planetary pinion 140a and 140b are moved by shift fork 270 to the left or to the right; Intermediate piece 90 rotates guiding to different circumferencial directions respectively with relative guiding element 50a; When ordering about guiding element 50a compact disc spring 100; Also friction is conflicted to turning round rubbing surface 104, and the retarding torque corresponding to dish spring 100 decrements is provided.Shown in Figure 13 lower half portion; Before planetary pinion 140a and 140b break away from engagement accordingly with guiding element 50a and intermediate piece 90; Dish spring 100 can be compressed into ultimate attainment; Friction connector CB7 thereby can change the box-like jointing state of rigid wedge over to, and in being provided with of ζ＜λ≤ξ entering ABS ANTI LOCK state.

In fact, controlling mechanism AM is still a chimeric mechanism of cotter way formula with cylindrical cam working mechanism, be entirely identical to preceding text the attitude reference device in whole two patent applications that combine, difference only is that it has dynamic engomphosis relation.Related description can be reversed the patent application of working tool referring to the space insertion type that can work continuously by name that the applicant proposes in the application on the same day.

Should be noted that the mobile guide function of controlling mechanism AM must not provided by the gear engagement mechanism of gear 140a, 140b and the gear teeth 53,93.Promptly; All gear teeth of the AM of this mechanism can be set to straight-tooth; And only need for example gear 140a be arranged to be connected the independent ring gear on the planet axis 144 versatilely through the helical tooth pair, for example gear 140b and planet axis 144 are fixed into one or process single component and get final product.Certainly, the planet axis 144 of this moment should can be rotatably set in the axial bore that is arranged in friction member 70, and shift fork 270 independent control gear 140a get final product.

In addition, friction connector CB7 also can have the modification of combined type guiding tooth.Be different from and aforesaidly be, have guiding tooth 52a and 92a and 52b and 92b that 0＜λ≤ζ and ζ＜λ≤ξ is provided with, serve as by the same different piece radially of same guiding tooth 52 or 92 accordingly respectively.Promptly; Have 0＜λ≤guiding tooth 52a of ζ setting and guide surface 54a and the 94a of 92a; Be positioned at the for example first half and the Lower Half of guiding tooth 52 and 92 axially respectively accordingly; And have a guiding tooth 52b and guide surface 54b and the 94b of 92b that ζ＜λ≤ξ is provided with, then be positioned at the for example Lower Half and the first half of lead tooth 52 and 92 on axially respectively accordingly.And have such effect that is provided with, that is, after guide surface 54a and 94a completion were led automatically and climbed, just after the guide surface 54b and the circumferential conflict of 94b corresponding to ζ＜λ≤ξ setting, guiding element 50a and 50b rigidity indirectly conflicted.

Clear easily, except rotating guiding and hydraulic mechanism, the also known toggle mechanism of stepless supporting mechanism SS among friction connector CB1～CB5.And; When friction connector CB2～CB5 is used as the break of wheeled or the removable machinery of crawler; Can have the ability that changes reliable parking braking state by the service brake state automatically over to best equally, and equally easily removed by the interlock of the trample action of for example accelerator pedal.Need not the help of any complex system, just can obtain excellent and general ramp Parking and starting performance.

In addition; The present invention is during as the full-function break of vehicle/machinery/aircraft for example, and existing technology has aforesaid significant advantage relatively, and; This advantage more is proportional to what of length and wheel of vehicle, and in over long train and unpowered vehicle, reaches ultimate attainment.For example, be used for the synchronous braking of overlength heavy haul train, the parking braking of the marshaling of no traction locomotive, and the driving and the parking braking that have the vehicle of trailer.

Below only be to the present invention is directed to description and the diagram that its limited embodiment gives; Has particularity to a certain degree; But it should be understood that mentioned embodiment and accompanying drawing all only are used for illustrative purposes, and be not used in restriction the present invention and protection domain thereof; Its various variations, the layout that is equal to, exchanges and change structure or each member all will be considered to not be separated from spirit and the scope that the present invention conceives.

Claims (10)

1. space insertion type friction connector comprises:

But around at least one traction friction mechanism of axis revolution and axial engagement, it has intermediate piece that is roughly ring-type at least and the friction member that turns round and be provided with rubbing surface around said axis, between this two member, to transmit friction torque;

For said traction friction mechanism provide engaging force and around said axis rotating at least one rotate guide mechanism, it has around said axis revolution and is provided with the guiding element that is roughly ring-type at least and the said intermediate piece of corresponding guide surface;

It is characterized in that:

Also include the wedge control mechanism, it conciliates wedge through the wedge of going into of operationally controlling said intermediate piece, with the joint of controlling said friction connector with separate; And

When said guiding element and said friction member can be connected into a friction piece drivingly by said intermediate piece; The lift angle λ at the mutual conflict position between said guiding element and said intermediate piece both sides' the said guide surface; Greater than zero and smaller or equal to ξ, that is, and 0＜λ≤ξ; Wherein, ξ is the maximum value that can make the said lift angle λ of the guiding friction pair self-locking that is formed at said conflict position.

2. by the described friction connector of claim 1; It is characterized in that: but this friction connector comprises two friction mechanisms around the rotating axial engagement of said axis; One of them is said traction friction mechanism, and wherein another is in the power transmission friction mechanism that non-rotatably combines respectively at least with said guiding element and said friction member and another the said traction friction mechanism.

3. by the described friction connector of claim 1, it is characterized in that:

Also comprise at least one limit power element; And

In said guiding element, said intermediate piece and the said friction member one at the most is the force-closed formula compostle member that includes said limit power element at least through non-rotatable Placement, connects with the closed conflict of axial force of setting up each other.

4. by each described friction connector of claim 1～3; It is characterized in that: one of said guiding element, said intermediate piece, said friction member and said limit power element are bag shape members; The closed conflict of axial force in order to set up each other connects; It is provided with the inner peripheral surface around the rotating at least roughly half cycle of said axis, and is positioned at the circumferential recess of the roughly half cycle on this inner peripheral surface and is communicated to the inlet of this circumferential recess by the outer circumferential face of said bag shape member.

5. by each described friction connector of claim 1～4; It is characterized in that: saidly go into the wedge control mechanism; Comprise a controlling mechanism that is used to change the circumferential relative position between said intermediate piece and the said guiding element, this controlling mechanism is arranged on in said guiding element, said intermediate piece, said friction member and the said limit power element at least indirectly.

6. by each described friction connector of claim 1～4, it is characterized in that: saidly go into the wedge control mechanism and comprise

Stepless supporting mechanism around said axis setting; It is arranged between said limit power element and supported; Axially to go up stepless this mode of supported that moves, set up said limit power element and be connected with the closed conflict of axial force between said guiding element, said intermediate piece and the said friction member; Said supported is that non-rotatably is connected with said limit power element in said guiding element, said intermediate piece and the said friction member;

Circumferentially degrees of freedom is more than or equal to zero circumferential position-limit mechanism; Freely go into wedge with what on two circumferencial directions, prevent said intermediate piece; This circumferential position-limit mechanism has at least one spacing preiection; And corresponding and take in the limited impression of this spacing preiection unvaryingly, both are separately positioned on said intermediate piece and the said guiding element at least indirectly; And

Be arranged on the trigger mechanism on the said limit power element, it causes said stepless supporting mechanism to set up and cancel the closed conflict of said axial force and be connected with manner of actuation.

7. by the described friction connector of claim 6, it is characterized in that:

Said stepless supporting mechanism comprises around said axis setting and is the roughly supporting element of ring-type at least, and it is through axially conflicting and rotating two kinds of Placements of guiding, is connected to said limit power element and said supported respectively;

The circumferential degrees of freedom of the said relatively limit power of said supporting element element is at least greatly to causing said stepless supporting mechanism can set up the degree that the closed conflict of said axial force connects.

8. by the described friction connector of claim 6, it is characterized in that:

But said stepless supporting mechanism comprises axial stretching and includes the inner sealing cavity device of fluid, is arranged on unilaterally connected valve, Decompression valves on the said limit power element and the passage that the three is interconnected; And

Said trigger mechanism comprises said unilaterally connected valve and said Decompression valves.

9. by each described friction connector of claim 1～4, it is characterized in that:

Be provided with two footpaths mutually nested said rotation guide mechanism that makes progress; Two said guiding elements and two said intermediate pieces of this two mechanism; Be positioned at the form on the equidirectional end face with said guide surface, connect into the rigidity one respectively, and non-rotatably connect into circumferential one;

Separately the lift angle λ of said guiding friction pair in two said rotation guide mechanisms is respectively greater than zero and smaller or equal to ζ, and greater than ζ and smaller or equal to ξ;

Be provided with elastic element, its conflict at least indirectly on axially to said lift angle λ greater than zero and smaller or equal to the said rotation guide mechanism of ζ.

10. by each described friction connector of claim 1～4; It is characterized in that: said limit power element comprises two semi circular shells and at least one circumferential band that the footpath is upwards at least roughly symmetrical; The shape of these two semi circular shells has such combined effect; That is, the compostle member that the two radial abutment constituted is provided with around the center hole of said axis and is positioned at the circumferential recess around said axis on this center hole inner peripheral surface; Said circumferential band is arranged on the outer circumferential face of one of middle part and outer end of said compostle member, with fixing said compostle member.

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