CN102536340B - Vapour system - Google Patents

Vapour system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102536340B
CN102536340B CN201110383288.1A CN201110383288A CN102536340B CN 102536340 B CN102536340 B CN 102536340B CN 201110383288 A CN201110383288 A CN 201110383288A CN 102536340 B CN102536340 B CN 102536340B
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stress level
steam
pressure
vapour system
operating pressure
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CN201110383288.1A
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CN102536340A (en
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J·孔克尔
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Linde GmbH
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Linde GmbH
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C4/00Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a larger number of carbon atoms
    • C07C4/02Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a larger number of carbon atoms by cracking a single hydrocarbon or a mixture of individually defined hydrocarbons or a normally gaseous hydrocarbon fraction
    • C07C4/04Thermal processes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01KSTEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K17/00Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
    • F01K17/04Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant for specific purposes other than heating

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Degasification And Air Bubble Elimination (AREA)

Abstract

Vapour system, the parts of equipment are such as obtained as alkene, it has for for the low pressure deaerator (16) of water degassing, and the operating pressure of its mesolow deaerator is in first stress level (P1) of superatmospheric power (P1 > 1 bar);Low-pressure steam pipeline (22), its operating pressure is in the second stress level (P2), and the second stress level is higher than the first stress level (P2 > P1);With high steam pipeline (38), its operating pressure is in the 3rd stress level (P3), and the 3rd stress level is higher than the second stress level (P3 > P2).In order to improve vapour system or the energy efficiency of whole equipment, arranging at least one steam turbine (40) between high steam pipeline (38) and low pressure deaerator (16), it makes the steam from high steam pipeline (38) be depressurized to the first stress level (P1) from the 3rd stress level (P3).

Description

Vapour system
Technical field
The present invention relates to vapour system, in particular for the vapour system in alkene acquisition equipment.
Background technology
In alkene acquisition equipment, in cracking funace, obtain alkene (or olefine, especially ethylene or propylene) from saturated hydrocarbons.Multiple heat exchanger it is provided with, to heat/to heat/evaporate or cool down/condensation process stream in this kind equipment.Vapour system is proved to be the favourable network for obtaining the waste heat produced during the course.
Describe the profile of conventional vapor system the most simplifiedly.The condensed water softening water and vapour system is sent into through feed pipe 10 and heated in two preheaters 12 and 14, then deaerator 16 is sent in this feedwater.Feedwater continues be heated to boiling point and strip with steam in this deaerator 16, the gas being dissolved in feedwater with removing, e.g. particularly oxygen.By pump 18, the feedwater of such degasification is sent into steam generator (not shown) from deaerator 16 through pipeline 20.
Additionally, vapour system also comprises operating pressure for example, 6.5 bar and the low-pressure steam pipeline 22 of operating temperature for example, 240 DEG C, this low-pressure steam pipeline is connected with above-mentioned steam generator by regulation valve and/or turbine.Water vapour in this low-pressure steam pipeline 22 is sent into one or more technique load devices 24.The condensed water produced in technique load device 24 is sent into condensate collector 26, utilizes pump 28 thus to discharge through pipeline 30.The condensed water produced in the first preheater 12 is also fed into this condensate collector 26.
Second preheater 14, deaerator 16 and condensate collector 26 need to add thermal medium, equally the water vapour of vapour system are used for this and add thermal medium.Because these assemblies 14,16,26 work, so the stress level of the water vapour in low-pressure steam pipeline 22 must be down to the stress level of about 1.5 bars from about 6.5 bars with the operating pressure being only about 1.5 bars at steam side.For this purpose it is proposed, arrange multiple valve 32,34,36 in each connecting tube between low-pressure steam pipeline 22 and assembly 14,16,26 according to the conventional method, water vapour is depressurized to desired relatively low stress level wherein.
Additionally, vapour system also comprises the high steam pipeline (being not shown in Fig. 2) of operating pressure the most about 45 bar.Generally connecting multiple turbines between this high steam pipeline and low-pressure steam pipeline, it makes steam be down to the stress level of about 6.5 bars from the stress level of about 45 bars, thus for example, pump obtains driving energy.Then, generally the steam being depressurized to the stress level of about 6.5 bars is sent into technique load device or continues blood pressure lowering by valve 32 to 36.Additionally, the steam of low-pressure steam pipeline generally swaps with outside source/radiator.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to improve vapour system.
This purpose is that the vapour system of the feature by having claim 1 realizes.Preferred embodiment and design are the themes of dependent claims.
The vapour system of the present invention has: for for the low pressure deaerator of water degassing, the operating pressure of its mesolow deaerator is in the first stress level of superatmospheric power;Low-pressure steam pipeline, its operating pressure is in the second stress level, and wherein the second stress level is higher than the first stress level;With high steam pipeline, its operating pressure is in the 3rd stress level, and wherein the 3rd stress level is higher than the second stress level.Additionally, be provided with at least one steam turbine between high steam pipeline and low pressure deaerator, it makes the steam from high steam pipeline be depressurized to the first stress level from the 3rd stress level.
In the conventional vapor system of Fig. 2, it is provided with multiple steam turbine, its make the steam pressure-reducing of the 3rd stress level in high steam pipeline to the second stress level in low-pressure steam pipeline, and according to the vapour system of the present invention arranges and defines at least one steam turbine so that the steam of the 3rd stress level in high steam pipeline is directly depressurized to the first stress level.Owing to the pressure drop between the 3rd stress level and the first stress level is more than the pressure drop between the 3rd stress level and the second stress level, or back-pressure lower due to one or more steam turbines, can more effectively utilize the steam being present in vapour system, and therefore save on quantity of steam and/or discharge in steam turbine and more can be used for otherwise energy.Can depend on that the amount of the pressure drop between two stress levels improves the energy efficiency of vapour system the most significantly in this way.
It is one advantage of the present invention that, the steam turbine for drive train or machine natively existed in vapour system is according to being set to lower back-pressure in the vapour system of the present invention, i.e. it is set to the first stress level rather than higher second stress level, so that this steam turbine consumes less energy.
" deaerator " should be understood to the device that the various gas being suitable for being dissolved in feedwater thus removes.Gas to be removed especially includes oxygen and nitrogen.The known various different technical scheme for liquid degasification, degassing procedure is preferably implemented by conveying steam with heating and stripping feedwater.According in the vapour system of the present invention, the process of this conveying steam is to provide by being depressurized to the water vapour of the first stress level, and water vapour condenses at this.
Term " feeds water " and includes the various liquid can being applied in equipment as technique stream at this.Be preferably used in steam generate before just in deaerator the softening water of degasification as feedwater.
" technique load device (Prozessverbraucher) " refers to various using sending into device therein or equipment from the water vapour of vapour system as energy carrier in the sense of the present invention, preferably can implement the interaction with other media in technique load device with the form of water vapour Yu the heat exchange of other media.By such as carrying out mixing or blending with another technique stream by water vapour, according to the type of the equipment wherein using vapour system, the interaction between water vapour and medium preferably can directly be carried out.In this technique load device, the energy contained in steam stream preferably can be converted into another kind of form of energy, such as turbine.
Term " high steam pipeline " generally should be understood to be in the tubing of the water vapour of the 3rd stress level at this.The water vapour being in the 3rd stress level can be assigned to different assemblies (here, especially technique load device and steam turbine) through high steam pipeline.In the same way, term " low-pressure steam pipeline " generally should be understood to be in the tubing of the water vapour of the second stress level at this, so that the water vapour being in the second stress level is assigned to different assemblies.High steam pipeline and low-pressure steam pipeline generally swap with outside source/radiator.In the case, the stress level of jet chimney predefines basically by these outside connections.
" steam turbine " refers to that at this enthalpy difference of the steam between two stress levels is converted to kinetic energy, the device of preferred rotational by various being suitable for.Then this kinetic energy is utilized such as can to drive the unit being connected with steam turbine.In conversion process of energy, water vapour is such as depressurized to the first relatively low stress level from the 3rd higher stress level." at least one " steam turbine had both included a steam turbine, also included two or more steam turbines.In the case of two or more steam turbines, they are preferably connected in parallel, but can also be connected in series.
In a preferred embodiment in accordance with this invention, be provided with at least one can the first stress level operating pressure work technique load device.In the case, at least one technique load device described is connected with at least one steam turbine equally.Even if being provided the technique load device of energy can also operate with lower operating pressure in steam side in this embodiment by high steam pipeline or low-pressure steam pipeline in the case of traditional vapour system, obtain water vapour from steam turbine.Throughput and the power of steam turbine can be improved in this way further, thus improve the energy efficiency of vapour system further.
Preferably by least one can the first stress level operating pressure work technique load device be also connected with low-pressure steam pipeline, be attached preferably through the valve making steam be depressurized to the first stress level from the second stress level.The quantity of steam that may insure that in this way and provided by steam turbine the most always supplies enough water vapour to technique load device.In other words, the water vapour demand of the technique load device that cannot be in the water vapour of the first stress level when needed by the enough supplies of steam turbine is balanced by the water vapour from low-pressure steam pipeline.Vapour system it is preferably provided with, so that the quantity of steam being depressurized to the first stress level by valve from the second stress level when running well minimizes at this.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the unit selected from electromotor, pump, compressor and aerator can be driven by least one steam turbine.The energy requirement amount that whole equipment inputs from outside, the especially power demand of device drives energy can be made in this way to significantly reduce.The whole of equipment can also be met by least one steam turbine of the vapour system according to the present invention in principle and drive energy requirement.Preferably can be driven to, by the steam turbine of one or more uses, the electromotor that such as alkene obtains the different assemblies offer electric energy of equipment.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, arrange at least one steam side can the first stress level operating pressure work heat exchanger to heat feedwater in advance.In the case, at least one heat exchanger is connected with at least one steam turbine preferably equally.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, arrange at least one can the first stress level operating pressure work condensate collector.In the case, at least one condensate collector is connected with at least one steam turbine preferably equally, thus heats by being depressurized to the steam of the first stress level in vapour system.Therefore, condensate collector is vapour system " technique load device " equally.This condensate collector is preferred for being collected at least one technique load device and/or the steam condensate in other technique load device downstreams.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least one steam turbine is set, it makes the steam from high steam pipeline be depressurized to the stress level less than the first stress level from the 3rd stress level, preferably of up to the stress level of ambient pressure or lower.The water vapour of this further blood pressure lowering may be used at least one heat exchanger to heat feedwater in advance and/or at least one condensate collector to collect steam condensate and/or to heat other load devices.Can more efficiently use present in vapour system water vapour or the energy existed wherein in this way.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the minimum pressure jet chimney that low pressure deaerator, at least one technique load device, at least one heat exchanger and/or at least one condensate collector are in the first stress level through its operating pressure is connected with at least one steam turbine.
First stress level is preferably at least of about 1.2 bars, more preferably at least about 1.3 bars, and is up to about 2.0 bars, is more preferably up to of about 1.75 bars.In a preferred embodiment, the first stress level is of about 1.5 bars.
Second stress level is preferably at least of about 2.0 bars, more preferably at least about 4.0 bars, especially preferably at least about 5.0 bars.Second stress level is preferably up to of about 12 bars, is more preferably up to of about 10 bars, is particularly preferably up to of about 8.0 bars.In a preferred embodiment, the second stress level is of about 6.5 bars.
3rd stress level is preferably at least of about 15 bars, more preferably at least about 25 bars, especially preferably at least about 35 bars.3rd stress level is preferably up to of about 100 bars, is more preferably up to of about 75 bars, is particularly preferably up to of about 60 bars.In a preferred embodiment, the 3rd stress level is of about 45 bars.
Vapour system according to the present invention can also comprise other assembly and the jet chimney of other stress levels certainly.
It is particularly preferred that the above-mentioned vapour system according to the present invention may be used in alkene acquisition equipment.Other preferred application possibilities of vapour system according to the present invention are petrochemical industry, oil and chemical industry.
The above-mentioned of the present invention and other feature, advantage and application possibility is made to be easier to understand according to accompanying drawing by the following description of the preferred embodiment of vapour system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the profile of the vapour system according to one embodiment of the present of invention;And
Fig. 2 is the profile of conventional vapor system.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 show the profile of vapour system, and it is the most how in alkene acquisition equipment.Here, the assembly identical or corresponding with the conventional vapor system of Fig. 2 uses identical reference.
Softening water and condensed water (collectively referred to as feedwater) that temperature from vapour system is of about 70 DEG C send into vapour system through the feedwater piping 10 of conveying capacity for example, up to 1000 ton hour.In preheater 12 and 14 after heating in advance, feedwater continues to be heated to boiling point in low pressure deaerator 16, and utilizes the steam from vapour system to strip, and to carry out degassing processing, in other words, removes and is dissolved in gas therein, such as oxygen and nitrogen.Use and soften water and deaerated water in particular for protecting apparatus assembly and pipeline not to be corroded.
To send into the second preheater 14 and low pressure deaerator 16 from the water vapour of vapour system as the heat exchange medium being used for heating feedwater, wherein operating pressure is in the first stress level P1 of slightly higher than atmospheric pressure, the most about 1.5 bars at steam side.
Utilize pump 18 that through pipeline 20, deaerated feedwater is sent into unshowned steam generator from deaerator 16.In this steam generator, the feedwater of softening and degasification is made to change into overheated steam.
The operating temperature of this overheated water vapour operating pressure and about 240 DEG C to be in the second stress level P2 of about 6.5 bars enters in low-pressure steam pipeline 22.Water vapour is distributed to the technique load device 24 worked at steam side with the operating pressure being up to about 6.5 bars by this low-pressure steam pipeline 22.This technique load device 24 mainly heat exchanger.In the embodiment in figure 1, the water vapour of the second stress level P2 being about 25 ton hour is provided to technique load device 24.
By in technique load device 24/place produce condensed water send into condensate collector 26.The condensed water produced at the first preheater 12 is also fed into this condensate collector 26.Pump 28 is finally utilized such as to send again condensed water back to this system through feedwater piping 10 from condensate collector 26 through pipeline 30.
Water vapour from vapour system also serves as heat exchange medium and sends into condensate collector 26, and wherein operating pressure is in the first stress level P1 of about 1.5 bars at steam side.Continue to guide to the first preheater 12 from condensate collector 26 by water vapour, thus at this, feedwater in feedwater piping 10 is heated.
Additionally, the operating temperature of the operating pressure and about 400 DEG C that the most overheated water vapour is to be in the 3rd stress level P3 of about 45 bars enters in high steam pipeline 38.This high steam pipeline 38 supplies overheated water vapour to multiple steam turbines 40 being connected in parallel.In these steam turbines 40, water vapour is depressurized to the first stress level P1 of about 1.5 bars from the 3rd stress level P3 of about 45 bars.
It is about the steam enthalpy difference of pressure drop of 43.5 bars corresponding to this and changes into kinetic energy, preferably rotational at this.Then pass through this kinetic energy and can drive one or more unit being connected with steam turbine 40 or machine (not shown), such as pump, compressor, aerator etc..The electromotor of at least some of electricity needs that disclosure satisfy that described equipment can also be driven, such that it is able to significantly reduce the external drive energy requirement amount of described equipment.
The minimum pressure jet chimney 42 of the first stress level that steam turbine 40 is in about 1.5 bars in downstream with its operating pressure is connected.Water vapour is distributed to its operating pressure and is in the said modules of the first stress level at steam side by this minimum pressure jet chimney 42.Its especially low pressure deaerator 16 but it also may be the second preheater 14 and condensate collector 26.
If being also present in the technique load device 24 that steam side works with the operating pressure being up to about 1.5 bars in alkene acquisition equipment, then can also supply water vapour from minimum pressure jet chimney 42 for this technique load device 24.In the embodiment in figure 1, the water vapour of the first stress level P1 that will be up to about 25 ton hour is supplied to technique load device 24 through minimum pressure jet chimney 42.
Because steam turbine 40 can not meet the demand of the water vapour for the first stress level P1 always, so the low-pressure steam pipeline 22 of minimum pressure jet chimney 42 the second stress level P2 of being additionally in about 6.5 bars with its operating pressure is connected, wherein P3 > P2 > P1.Here, preferably carry out equilibrium vapor demand by the pressure-regulating valve 44 between low-pressure steam pipeline 22 and minimum pressure jet chimney 42.Here, preferably make the quantity of steam being depressurized to the first stress level P1 from the second stress level P2 by pressure-regulating valve 44 minimize when properly functioning.
Whole vapour system is balanced additionally, generated by regulation steam.
The bigger pressure drop between the 3rd stress level and the first stress level is made full use of, such that it is able to make quantity of steam required in vapour system reduce or convert more energy in steam turbine 40 by steam turbine 40.Vapour system and the energy efficiency of the most whole alkene acquisition equipment can be significantly improved in this way.
In the embodiment in figure 1, the water vapour such as making 86 ton hour is not the second stress level P2 being depressurized to about 6.5 bars by steam turbine 40 from the 3rd stress level of about 45 bars, but is depressurized to the first stress level P1 of about 1.5 bars.If assuming that the equal efficiency of steam turbine 40 e.g., about 60%, then its few water vapour needing about 48 ton hour.
In addition, in the embodiment in figure 1, such as send into the water vapour amounting to about 50 ton hour to technique load device 24, supplied the water vapour of 61 ton hour altogether simultaneously by minimum pressure jet chimney 42 to other assemblies i.e. deaerator the 16, second preheater 14 and condensate collector 26.
In the above-described embodiment, the water vapour of the first stress level P1 being in about 1.5 bars is all supplied to low pressure deaerator the 16, second preheater 14 and condensate collector 26.If the increase of tolerance vapour system complexity, then it is depressurized to lower stress level and superpressure P1 required at this is only used for low pressure deaerator 16 can more efficiently utilize water vapour by being used in the water vapour of the feedwater of pre-thermal softening.

Claims (8)

1. a vapour system, it has for for the low pressure deaerator (16) of water degassing, and the operating pressure of its mesolow deaerator is in first stress level (P1) of superatmospheric power (P1 > 1 bar);Low-pressure steam pipeline (22), its operating pressure is in the second stress level (P2), and the second stress level is higher than the first stress level (P2 > P1);With high steam pipeline (38), its operating pressure is in the 3rd stress level (P3), 3rd stress level is higher than the second stress level (P3 > P2), at least one steam turbine (40) is set between high steam pipeline (38) and low pressure deaerator (16), it makes the steam from high steam pipeline (38) be depressurized to the first stress level (P1) from the 3rd stress level (P3), it is characterized in that, at least one technique load device (24) worked with the operating pressure of the first stress level (P1) is set, this at least one technique load device (24) is connected with at least one steam turbine (40);At least one technique load device (24) worked with the operating pressure of the first stress level (P1) described is also connected with low-pressure steam pipeline (22), and at least one of which technique load device (24) obtains water vapour from least one steam turbine (40).
Vapour system the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, at least one technique load device (24) worked with the operating pressure of the first stress level (P1) described is connected with low-pressure steam pipeline (22) through valving (44).
3. according to the vapour system of claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that driven selected from electromotor, pump, compressor and the unit of aerator by least one steam turbine (40).
4., according to the vapour system of claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that arrange at least one steam turbine, it makes the steam from high steam pipeline (38) be depressurized to the stress level of ambient pressure or lower from the 3rd stress level (P3).
5. according to the vapour system of claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that arrange at least one heat exchanger (12,14) with the operating pressure work of the first stress level (P1) to heat feedwater in advance;This at least one heat exchanger (12,14) is connected with at least one steam turbine (40).
6. according to the vapour system of claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that arrange at least one condensate collector (26) worked with the operating pressure of the first stress level (P1);This at least one condensate collector (26) is connected with at least one steam turbine (40).
7. according to the vapour system of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, the minimum pressure jet chimney (42) that low pressure deaerator (16), at least one technique load device (24), at least one heat exchanger (12,14) and/or at least one condensate collector (26) are in the first stress level (P1) through its operating pressure is connected with at least one steam turbine (40).
8. alkene obtains an equipment, and it has the vapour system according to one of claim 1 to 7.
CN201110383288.1A 2010-10-29 2011-10-26 Vapour system Expired - Fee Related CN102536340B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201010050090 DE102010050090A1 (en) 2010-10-29 2010-10-29 Steam system comprises low pressure degasser for degassing feed water, low pressure steam rail, whose operating pressure is at second pressure level, and high pressure steam rail, whose operating pressure is at third pressure level
DE102010050090.9 2010-10-29

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CN102536340B true CN102536340B (en) 2016-08-03

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US9608498B2 (en) * 2013-03-21 2017-03-28 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Method and device for generating electrical energy
CN103899365A (en) * 2014-03-02 2014-07-02 成都成发科能动力工程有限公司 Power generation device and method using medium-temperature and medium-pressure steam and low-pressure saturated steam in metallurgical industry
CN106285810B (en) * 2016-09-26 2017-08-25 邯钢集团邯宝钢铁有限公司 The apparatus and method that a kind of wet saturated steam is used for sintering waste heat generating

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DE10009454A1 (en) * 2000-02-29 2001-08-30 Man Turbomasch Ag Ghh Borsig High pressure steam generator for steam turbine, has intermediate superheating device located inside combustion gas channel
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CN101761915A (en) * 2009-12-11 2010-06-30 华北电力大学(保定) Combined cycle generation system of high-pressure oxygen-enriched combustion fluidized bed

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