CN102534467A - Method for preparing high-silicon coating on aluminum alloy surface - Google Patents
Method for preparing high-silicon coating on aluminum alloy surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN102534467A CN102534467A CN2012100406849A CN201210040684A CN102534467A CN 102534467 A CN102534467 A CN 102534467A CN 2012100406849 A CN2012100406849 A CN 2012100406849A CN 201210040684 A CN201210040684 A CN 201210040684A CN 102534467 A CN102534467 A CN 102534467A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a high-silicon coating on an aluminum alloy surface. The method comprises the steps that: firstly, the aluminum alloy surface is ground and polished and is soaked in NaOH solution with the mass percentage of 5 percent for blackening treatment, then, acetone and alcohol are used for cleaning and drying in the air, Si powder and light absorption paint capable of enhancing the CO2 laser absorption rate are uniformly stirred and are then uniformly coated on the surface of an aluminum alloy covered base body to be melted, and the preset coating thickness is within 3mm; under the argon gas atmosphere protection, and a 7kW transverse flow CO2 laser is used for carrying out laser enforcement on the preset layer; samples after laser enforcement treatment are placed in a vacuum condition to be heated to 450 DEG C to 550 DEG C, in addition, the heat insulation is carried out for 36 hours, and the high-silicon coatings are prepared. The method has the advantages that the goal of improving the silicon content of the aluminum alloy surface is realized, the laser-assisted siliconizing technology combining laser melting cladding and diffusion heating is adopted, the high-silicon aluminum alloy with high surface hardness and high internal roughness is prepared, and the high-silicon aluminum alloy has the characteristics that certain depth requirements are met, the hardness is high, the abrasion performance is good, and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metal surface modification method, particularly a kind of method that adopts the auxiliary siliconising technology of laser to prepare high silicon coating in aluminum alloy surface.
Background technology
Aluminium and duraluminum have light specific gravity, high, the advantages such as solidity to corrosion is good, electrical and thermal conductivity is good, nonmagnetic, good toughness of specific tenacity, and bauxite resource content is abundant on the earth, and its content is only second to oxygen and silicon, thereby demonstrates wide application prospect.Along with fast development of modern industry, the state of the art of aluminium industry has reached very high level, and production range spreads all over the world.At present, aluminium and duraluminum remain the first user in the material use.Therefore; As the aluminium and the alloy material thereof of sunrise industry, because self its development trend of advantage is irresistible, yet the performance of fine aluminium can not satisfy the demands in most of occasions; Fine aluminium is little in the demand in the whole world simultaneously; For this reason, people add alloying elements such as various Si, Fe, C one after another on the fine aluminium basis, to satisfy various performance requirements.Wherein, Si is the alloy element that a kind of ten minutes is important and consumption is very big in the duraluminum; With regard to y alloy y; The Al-Si alloy occupies an important position, and its consumption accounts for more than 80% of global duraluminum ultimate production, and component such as industrial piston, traffic transport industry, space flight and aviation, agriculture aspect, have widely in the numerous areas such as building structural materials and use.
The duraluminum of high silicon content has good heat-conducting, thermal expansivity is low; Simultaneously silumin has series of advantages such as high firmness, wear resistance are good and is applied in the industries such as Electronic Packaging, communications and transportation; All taking the whole bag of tricks that aluminium and alloy surface thereof are carried out modification both at home and abroad, to obtain to have high firmness.The high silicon coating duraluminum that wear resistance is good is to widen the range of application of common aluminum alloy.
Summary of the invention
To above problem; The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of aluminum alloy surface to prepare the method for high silicon coating; Improve the silicone content of aluminum alloy surface; Thereby make silicone content and hardness present gradient through control of process parameters with the diffusion heat treated to descend, successfully prepare the silumin of " surface hardness height, internal toughness strong ".
The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is:
Carry out according to the following steps:
(1) pre-treatment: earlier sanding and polishing is carried out with sand paper in the y alloy y surface; And be to soak 5 min in 5% the NaOH solution to carry out melanism and handle at massfraction; Use chemical pure acetone and alcohol wash aluminum alloy surface then, behind the natural air drying, utilization can strengthen CO
2The extinction coating of laser absorption rate is coated in uniformly and treats the cladding aluminium alloy matrix surface after the Si powder evenly is stirred in, and wherein the purity of Si powder is 99.9%, and granularity is 74 μ m, and preset coating thickness is in the 3mm;
(2) deposited coatings: under the argon gas atmosphere protection, with 7 kW crossing current CO
2Laser apparatus carries out laser reinforcing to said initialization layer, and laser cladding technological parameter is: P=2～2.8 kW, scan velocity V=100～500 mm/min, spot diameter D=4 mm;
(3) thermal treatment: the sample after the processing of step (2) laser reinforcing is placed heat treatment furnace, be heated to 450 ℃～550 ℃ under the vacuum condition, and be incubated 36 h, prepare high silicon coating.
The thickness of described high silicon coating is 0.7～0.75mm.
The beneficial effect that the present invention has is:
The silicone content of aluminum alloy surface is improved greatly; And the thickness of resulting high silicon coating is 0.7～0.75mm; Silicone content in the high silicon coating from outward appearance to inner essence descends gradually, thereby makes duraluminum have characteristics such as high firmness, the wear resistance of certain depth requirement is good; In addition, than other technologies, the high silicon coating and the duraluminum of the preparation of the auxiliary siliconising technology of laser present metallurgical binding, have prolonged the work-ing life of duraluminum greatly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is (a) silicone content distribution plan after embodiment 1 thermal treatment; (b) Hardness Distribution.
Fig. 2 is (a) silicone content distribution plan after embodiment 2 thermal treatments; (b) Hardness Distribution.
Fig. 3 is (a) silicone content distribution plan after embodiment 3 thermal treatments; (b) Hardness Distribution.
Embodiment
What adopt in the instance of the present invention is ZL 101 alloy, and its Si content is 6.5-7.5%, and specimen size is 45 mm * 20 mm * 10 mm.It is 99.9% Si powder that cladding material is selected purity for use, and Si powder diameter is 74 μ m.Sample pretreatment: earlier the back polishing is polished to remove the oxide debris and the impurity on surface with sand paper in the surface of aluminum alloy specimen; The effect that 5 min play melanism is soaked in the back in 5% (massfraction) NaOH solution; Use chemical pure acetone alcohol wipe clean then; With the artificial method that applies, utilize commercially available strengthening behind the natural air drying to CO
2The extinction coating of the specific absorption of laser is coated in after the Si powder evenly is stirred in uniformly treats cladding aluminium alloy matrix surface (coat-thickness will keep uniformity, and gauge control is in 3mm), treats laser treatment behind the natural air drying.
The laser apparatus that adopts in the instance of the present invention is 7 kW LEO GFT-IVB types crossing current CO
2Laser apparatus, optical maser wavelength are 10.6 μ m.
The HTFX that adopts in the instance of the present invention is conventional HTFX; The core component of heat treatment furnace is heating unit and treatment chamber, and its heating unit is made up of wire spiral and high aluminum pipe jointly, and heating power is 5 kW; Heated perimeter room temperature to 1300 ℃, temperature accuracy ± 5 ℃.
Hardness measuring method is in the instance of the present invention:
After the sample polishing; Matrix and coating microhardness test are carried out on HV-1000 type microhardness tester, and experiment load is 9.8 N, and the loading time is 15 s; From outward appearance to inner essence measure the microhardness distribution of laser melting coating example cross section, every 3-5 point got its MV.
Embodiment 1:
Under the argon gas atmosphere protection, with 7 kW crossing current CO
2Laser apparatus carries out laser reinforcing to initialization layer, and laser cladding technological parameter is: P=2 kW, and scan velocity V=100 mm/min, spot diameter D=4 mm, thus prepare silicon coating in aluminum alloy surface.
Place conventional heat treatment furnace to spread heat treated on the sample after the laser treatment; The diffusion Heating temperature is got 450 ℃, and soaking time is got 36 h, thereby prepares the silumin of silicone content and microhardness distribution gradient; Shown in Fig. 1 a, silicone content pursues minimizing from the surface to the matrix direction; Shown in Fig. 1 b, the microhardness of high silicon coating is 250-320 HV, significantly improves than matrix hardness, and cladding layer and matrix bond are good.
Embodiment 2:
Under the argon gas atmosphere protection, with 7 kW crossing current CO
2Laser apparatus carries out laser reinforcing to initialization layer, and laser cladding technological parameter is: P=2.4 kW, and scan velocity V=300 mm/min, spot diameter D=4 mm, thus prepare silicon coating in aluminum alloy surface.
Place conventional heat treatment furnace to spread heat treated on the sample after the laser treatment; The diffusion Heating temperature is got 500 ℃, and soaking time is got 36 h, thereby prepares the very silumin of microhardness distribution gradient of silicone content; Shown in Fig. 2 a, silicone content pursues minimizing from the surface to the matrix direction; Shown in Fig. 2 b, the microhardness of high silicon coating is 300-320 HV, and hardness improves the most obvious, and cladding layer and matrix bond are good.
Embodiment 3:
Under the argon gas atmosphere protection, with 7 kW crossing current CO
2Laser apparatus carries out laser reinforcing to initialization layer, and laser cladding technological parameter is: P=2.8 kW, and scan velocity V=500 mm/min, spot diameter D=4 mm, thus prepare silicon coating in aluminum alloy surface.
Place conventional heat treatment furnace to spread heat treated on the sample after the laser treatment; The diffusion Heating temperature is got 550 ℃, and soaking time is got 36 h, thereby prepares the very silumin of microhardness distribution gradient of silicone content; Shown in Fig. 3 a, silicone content pursues minimizing from the surface to the matrix direction; Shown in Fig. 3 b, the microhardness of high silicon coating is 250-320 HV, significantly improves than matrix hardness, and cladding layer and matrix bond are good.
Above-mentioned embodiment is used for the present invention that explains, rather than limits the invention, and in the protection domain of spirit of the present invention and claim, any modification and change to the present invention makes all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. an aluminum alloy surface prepares the method for high silicon coating, it is characterized in that carrying out according to the following steps:
(1) pre-treatment: earlier sanding and polishing is carried out with sand paper in the y alloy y surface; And be to soak 5 min in 5% the NaOH solution to carry out melanism and handle at massfraction; Use chemical pure acetone and alcohol wash aluminum alloy surface then, behind the natural air drying, utilization can strengthen CO
2The extinction coating of laser absorption rate is coated in uniformly and treats the cladding aluminium alloy matrix surface after the Si powder evenly is stirred in, and wherein the purity of Si powder is 99.9%, and granularity is 74 μ m, and preset coating thickness is in the 3mm;
(2) deposited coatings: under the argon gas atmosphere protection, with 7 kW crossing current CO
2Laser apparatus carries out laser reinforcing to said initialization layer, and laser cladding technological parameter is: P=2～2.8 kW, scan velocity V=100～500 mm/min, spot diameter D=4 mm;
(3) thermal treatment: the sample after the processing of step (2) laser reinforcing is placed heat treatment furnace, be heated to 450 ℃～550 ℃ under the vacuum condition, and be incubated 36 h, prepare high silicon coating.
2. a kind of aluminum alloy surface according to claim 1 prepares the method for high silicon coating, it is characterized in that: the thickness of described high silicon coating is 0.7～0.75mm.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105543840A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-05-04 | 合肥工业大学 | Preparing method for surface aluminum-silicon alloy |
| CN105789560A (en) * | 2016-05-02 | 2016-07-20 | 北京工业大学 | Method for producing lithium ion battery silicon cathode through combination of laser cladding, diffusion welding and dealloying |
| CN105870405A (en) * | 2016-05-02 | 2016-08-17 | 北京工业大学 | Method for preparing lithium ion battery silicon cathode through laser surface remelting technology, compound diffusion welding and dealloying |
| CN106011845A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-10-12 | 浙江工业大学 | Method for obtaining high-volume-fraction reinforcement phase on surface of Hastelloy N |
| CN108263302A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-07-10 | 合肥亿恒智能科技股份有限公司 | A kind of vehicle complete vehicle controller lower carriage |
| CN108571572A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-09-25 | 吉林工程技术师范学院 | A kind of bionic, non-smooth and abrasion-resistant cam |
| CN108842041A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2018-11-20 | 宁国市正兴耐磨材料有限公司 | A kind of multi-layer wear-resistant ball and preparation method thereof can be used for grinding strong oxidizing property material |
| CN109371394A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-22 | 湖南上临新材料科技有限公司 | A method of high silicon content coating is prepared in surface of silicon steel using laser |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105543840A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-05-04 | 合肥工业大学 | Preparing method for surface aluminum-silicon alloy |
| CN105789560A (en) * | 2016-05-02 | 2016-07-20 | 北京工业大学 | Method for producing lithium ion battery silicon cathode through combination of laser cladding, diffusion welding and dealloying |
| CN105870405A (en) * | 2016-05-02 | 2016-08-17 | 北京工业大学 | Method for preparing lithium ion battery silicon cathode through laser surface remelting technology, compound diffusion welding and dealloying |
| CN105870405B (en) * | 2016-05-02 | 2018-02-09 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of method that alloy is welded and taken off using Alloy by Laser Surface Remelting technology composite diffusion and prepares lithium ion battery silicium cathode |
| CN105789560B (en) * | 2016-05-02 | 2018-02-09 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of method that alloy is welded and taken off using laser melting coating composite diffusion and prepares lithium ion battery silicium cathode |
| CN106011845A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-10-12 | 浙江工业大学 | Method for obtaining high-volume-fraction reinforcement phase on surface of Hastelloy N |
| CN106011845B (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2019-01-11 | 浙江工业大学 | The method of Hastelloy N alloy surface acquisition high-volume fractional reinforced phase |
| CN108263302A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-07-10 | 合肥亿恒智能科技股份有限公司 | A kind of vehicle complete vehicle controller lower carriage |
| CN108571572A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-09-25 | 吉林工程技术师范学院 | A kind of bionic, non-smooth and abrasion-resistant cam |
| CN108842041A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2018-11-20 | 宁国市正兴耐磨材料有限公司 | A kind of multi-layer wear-resistant ball and preparation method thereof can be used for grinding strong oxidizing property material |
| CN109371394A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-22 | 湖南上临新材料科技有限公司 | A method of high silicon content coating is prepared in surface of silicon steel using laser |
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Application publication date: 20120704 |