CN102533298A - Dry distillation, coal blending and coking process of weakly caking coal - Google Patents
Dry distillation, coal blending and coking process of weakly caking coal Download PDFInfo
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- CN102533298A CN102533298A CN2010106179534A CN201010617953A CN102533298A CN 102533298 A CN102533298 A CN 102533298A CN 2010106179534 A CN2010106179534 A CN 2010106179534A CN 201010617953 A CN201010617953 A CN 201010617953A CN 102533298 A CN102533298 A CN 102533298A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dry distillation, coal blending and coking process of weakly caking coal. The dry distillation, coal blending and coking process comprises the following steps of: carrying out dry distillation on the non-coking coal with low ash, low sulphur and high ash fusion point to form semicoke, and crushing the semicoke to reach the granularity of being less than 5mm; uniformly mixing the following components in percent by weight according to 100 percent by weight in total: 20-40 percent of semicoke generated by carrying out dry distillation on the weakly caking coal, 30-40 percent of coking coal, 20-30 percent of fat coal, 5-10 percent of gas coal and 5 percent of other coal; and then loading the mixed coal into a coke oven, carrying out dry distillation at high temperature for 10-30h and then coking. The dry distillation, coal blending and coking process disclosed by the invention has the advantages of reducing consumption of high-quality coking coal, expanding the range of coal blending and coking, reducing the coking cost, flexibly adjusting and matching volatile constituents of the coal, improving the cold-state and hot-state strength and lumpiness of the coke, reducing the ash content and the sulphur content of the coke and improving the coke-to-iron rate and the coke quality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of coal chemical industry, relate to a kind of weakly caking coal destructive distillation coal-blending coking technology.
Background technology
Though coal resources in China is abundant, finds out 10,201 hundred million tons of coal resources reserves by the end of the year 2002.Coking coal accounts for 27.65%, and wherein bottle coal accounts for 13.75%, and rich coal accounts for 3.53%, and coking coal accounts for 5.81%, and lean coal accounts for 4.01%, and other account for 0.55%, and coal and coal source distribution are irregular.Development along with Iron And Steel Industry; Quality and quantity to metallurgical coke will propose higher requirement; Its result certainly will increase the degree of dependence to high-quality caking coal (coal of low ash, low-sulfur, strong cohesive property); And this contradiction has more been given prominence in the obvious shortage of China's high-quality caking coal, and it is promoting the development of coal-blending coking and non-coking coal coking technology.In order to enlarge coking coal resource; Weakly caking coal or non-caking coal are used for coking; The various new technologies (moulded coal, the artificial caking coal of adapted or anti-fissuring agent etc. are pulverized, made firm by ramming, join in coal drying, preheating, selection) that are suitable for conventional coke oven coal-blending coking have reached industrialized level, solve the main method of producing the high-quality coke with relatively poor coking coal thereby become.For non-coking coal (hard coal, brown coal, long-flame coal, weakly caking coal, non-caking coal) coal-blending coking technology, also there is employing directly to mix a spot of (hard coal, brown coal, weakly caking coal, long-flame coal, non-caking coal) coal and carries out coal-blending coking.For allocating a spot of hard coal coal-blending coking, weak point into
Mainly contain 2 points: the one, the low ash of fine, doctor negative anthracitic commodity amount few two are to mix the cohesiveness of joining behind the hard coal with coal to descend and be directly proportional with the amount of allocating into, so the amount of allocating into less (being lower than 10%).Directly mix a small amount of weakly caking coal coal-blending coking weak point and mainly contain 2 points: the one, the volatile matter two that can not adjust mixed coal flexibly is if the weakly caking coal volatile matter of allocating into is higher, then can reduce the hot and cold peptide intensity of coke and the lumpiness of coke.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of weakly caking coal destructive distillation coal-blending coking technology; Not only can reduce the consumption of high-quality coking coal, enlarge the scope of coal-blending coking coal, reduce the coking cost; And can adjust the volatile matter of mixed coal flexibly; Improve the hot and cold peptide intensity and the lumpiness of coke, effectively reduce the ash content and the sulphur content of coke, improve the quality of coke-iron-rate and coke.
The objective of the invention is to realize like this; A kind of weakly caking coal destructive distillation coal-blending coking technology; The weakly caking coal destructive distillation that at first will hang down ash, low-sulfur, high ash melting point becomes semicoke and is crushed to granularity less than 5mm, then with the semicoke that generates after the weakly caking coal destructive distillation with the weight ratio of 20%-40% and coking coal 30-40%, rich coal 20-30%, bottle coal 5-10%, other coals 5%, adding up to each composition weight is 100%; Mixing, the coke oven of packing into together carries out high temperature carbonization 10-30 hour coking.
Technology of the present invention is selected the weakly caking coal of low ash, low-sulfur, high ash melting point for use, adopts distillation process, and the volatile matter of reduction weakly caking coal mixes the weakly caking coal after the destructive distillation of certain ratio, thereby realizes three purposes of the present invention according to the requirement of coal blending technology.With respect to coking coal; The domestic weakly caking coal that a large amount of low ashes, low-sulfur, high ash melting point, low price are arranged; Ash content, sulphur content are still very low after the weakly caking coal destructive distillation, can reduce after allocating into to cooperate pit ash and sulphur content, thereby reduce ash content, sulphur content and the coking cost that generates coke.Can adjust the destructive distillation time and the temperature of weakly caking coal flexibly according to the needs of coal blending, finally control the volatile matter of weakly caking coal after the destructive distillation, with the purpose of the volatile matter that reaches flexible adjustment mixed coal.Evidence: when coke is heated to above the coking temperature in blast furnace,, can around ash particles, produce and expanded crack, quicken coke fragmentation or efflorescence because colloid is different with the ash content thermal expansivity.Basic metal also can quicken the reaction of coke with carbonic acid gas in the ash content, also makes the destruction aggravation of coke.Therefore, the height of the height of coke ash content, the alkali metal content in the ash content also is to influence coke in one of important factor of blast furnace endogenous pyrogen peptide intensity.
So select the weakly caking coal of low ash after the destructive distillation, low-sulfur, low volatile, high grey fusibleness for use; Can reduce and cooperate pit ash, sulphur content and volatile matter; Change the ash component of mixed coal, can reduce the heat reactivity of coke in blast furnace simultaneously, thereby improve the hot and cold peptide intensity of coke.Evidence: after the weakly caking coal of same ratio and the weakly caking coal after the destructive distillation mix rich coal (coking coal); The caking index of its mixed coal has very big difference, and (it is 98 that the weakly caking coal after the destructive distillation is allocated 20% caking index into; It is 97 that not destructive distillation weakly caking coal is allocated 5% caking index into, and the caking index of former rich coal is 102).
Weakly caking coal after the destructive distillation with the difference of the coke powder coal-blending coking of using as leaning agent is: the one, and ash content, sulphur content are lower than coke powder, can adjust the volatile matter of mixed coal flexibly.The 2nd, have price advantage, coke powder is the product of coking coal after all.The 3rd, allocate that the caking index of weakly caking coal and its mixed coal of coke powder has significant difference after the destructive distillation of same ratio into, the weakly caking coal amount of allocating into after the destructive distillation is big.
The difference of weakly caking coal after the destructive distillation and hard coal coal-blending coking is: the one, and ash content and sulphur content are lower than hard coal, can adjust the volatile matter of mixed coal flexibly.The 2nd, have price advantage, its price of the weakly caking coal of equal quality is lower than hard coal, and reserves are abundant.The 3rd, the weakly caking coal of allocating into after the destructive distillation of same ratio is compared with hard coal, and the caking index of its mixed coal has significant difference, and the weakly caking coal amount of allocating into after the destructive distillation is big.
The difference of the weakly caking coal after the destructive distillation and not pyrogenous weakly caking coal coal-blending coking is: the one, and after allocating into, can improve the weakly caking coal after the destructive distillation the hot and cold peptide intensity and the lumpiness of coke.The 2nd, the caking index of mixed coal has significant otherness, and the amount of allocating into of the weakly caking coal after the destructive distillation is big.The 3rd, the weakly caking coal after the destructive distillation can be adjusted the volatile matter of mixed coal flexibly.
After retorting weakly caking coal and poor, of thin coal coking coal is the difference between: weakly caking coal reserves, compared to the low price, you can easily use than lean, lean coal ash, sulfur lower weakly caking coal.
Technology of the present invention and " gasification, destructive distillation, carbonization system ensemble pyrogenic process " the both remarkable difference of (formcoke from cold briquetting method) have 6 points:
(1) technology of production coke is different
The present invention has followed traditional coke making process basically:
1, weakly caking coal destructive distillation and being crushed to less than 5mm.
2, the pyrogenous semicoke of weakly caking coal and other coal blending mixings.
3, the coke oven of packing into carries out high temperature carbonization coking.
" gasification, destructive distillation, carbonization system ensemble pyrogenic process " is the technology that typical formcoke from cold briquetting method is produced coke:
1, weakly caking coal destructive distillation and being crushed to less than 1.5mm.
2, carburelant, sticker are crushed to less than 1.5mm, with destructive distillation semicoke, tar mixing.
3, be cold-pressed into moulded coal.
4, with the moulded coal of the coldmoulding high temperature cabonization in the pit kiln of packing into.
(2) raw material of production coke, proportioning, granularity difference
Raw material of the present invention and proportioning: semicoke 20-40%, coking coal 30-40%, rich coal 20-30%, bottle coal 5-10%, other coals 5% add up to each composition weight 100%.The semicoke granularity is less than 5mm, all the other mixed coal granularities constant (being generally less than 50mm).
" gasification, destructive distillation, carbonization system ensemble pyrogenic process " be the raw material and the proportioning of formcoke from cold briquetting method both: semicoke 35-55%, carburelant 15-25%, sticker 15-25%, tar 15-25%.Or semicoke 55-75%, sticker 15-25%, the granularity of tar 10-20%. all raw materials is less than 1.5mm.
(3)The mechanism of bonding semicoke is different
Agglutinating mechanism of the present invention is: utilize other mixed coals in coke oven, to heat in the retort process,
The plastic mass that produces bonds together the pyrogenous semi-coke powder of weakly caking coal.
" gasification, destructive distillation, carbonization system ensemble pyrogenic process " both the agglutinating mechanism of formcoke from cold briquetting method is: the pyrogenous semi-coke powder of weakly caking coal, add sticker, tar mixing again, and bond together through the molding coal machine extrusion molding.
(4) quality of product structure, coke, granularity difference
1, because the production technique of two kinds of coke making process, raw material, proportioning, bonding mechanism are different, the quality of the coke of therefore producing, hot and cold peptide intensity are different, its chemical by-product as: tar, benzene, coal gas etc. must be different.
2, production coke size of the present invention is generally less than 150mm, and " gasification, destructive distillation, carbonization system ensemble pyrogenic process " both the formcoke from cold briquetting method coke size of producing was more regular, can produce according to demand, 40-80mm, 60-100mm etc. are generally arranged.
(5) select for use the standard of weakly caking coal different
" gasification, destructive distillation, carbonization system ensemble pyrogenic process " both the standard of selecting materials of formcoke from cold briquetting method is: low ash, low-sulfur.
The standard of selecting materials of the present invention is: low ash, low-sulfur, high ash melting point.Purpose is to change cooperation pit ash, volatile matter, ash component through allocating selected raw material into, thereby changes ash content, the ash component of coke, improves heat reactivity and the hot peptide intensity of coke in blast furnace.
(6) cycle of production coke is different
Mixed coal of the present invention gets in the coke oven, 10-30 hours cokings of high temperature carbonization.
" gasification, destructive distillation, carbonization system ensemble pyrogenic process " both formcoke from cold briquetting method adds the moulded coal of moulding in the pit kiln, and 950-1050 ℃ of following carbonizations of anaerobic high temperature cabonization temperature 4 hours, carbonization became the formed coke product.
The present invention has 3 points with the significance difference opposite sex of Japan's " research and development of SCOPE21 coking technology and use "
(1) coke making process is different.
The present invention prolongs and has attacked traditional coal-blending coking technology, and its technical process had three steps: broken after the 1 weakly caking coal destructive distillation.2, the semicoke after the destructive distillation and other coal mixing that proportions.3, get into the coking of coke oven high temperature carbonization.
(2) technology of raw material processing, quantity, granularity difference.
1, destructive distillation was handled before the present invention only went into coke oven to required weakly caking coal (20-40%).
Japan's " research and development of SCOPE21 coking technology and use " is all raw materials (100%) to be heat-treated with moulded coal of hot pressing handle before going into coke oven.
2, raw material is handled the granularity difference
The present invention only arrives semicoke to the required destructive distillation of carrying out of allocating weakly caking coal into, and is crushed to below the 5mm, and the granularity of other coal blendings is constant.
Japan's " research and development of SCOPE21 coking technology and use " technology is by the 0.5mm stage treatment to all raw materials.
, treatment process is different
Japan's " research and development of SCOPE21 coking technology and use " is to carrying out thermal pretreatment (350 ℃) greater than the coal grain of 0.5mm going into the stokehold.Carry out thermal pretreatment (165 ℃) and carry out hot-forming coal going into the stokehold less than the coal grain of 0.5mm.
The present invention only carries out the destructive distillation pre-treatment to the required weakly caking coal of allocating into going into the stokehold.
(3) the coke forming process is different
Coke making process of the present invention is to prolong to attack traditional coke making process, and coke is once shaped in coke oven.
Japan " research and development of SCOPE21 coking technology and use " pretreating raw material be introduced in the coke oven, in, the low-temperature pyrolysis coking, coke gets into CDQ upgrading chamber again, finally forms the coke of required quality.
In sum, technology of the present invention compared with prior art greatly reduces production cost, has enlarged the coking raw material sources.Have outstanding substantive distinguishing features and obvious improvement, this is simple for process, and easy handling is easy to use.
Embodiment
A kind of weakly caking coal destructive distillation coal-blending coking technology; The weakly caking coal destructive distillation that at first will hang down ash, low-sulfur, high ash melting point becomes semicoke and is crushed to granularity less than 5mm; Then with the semicoke that generates after the weakly caking coal destructive distillation with the weight ratio of 20%-40% and coking coal 30-40%, rich coal 20-30%, bottle coal 5-10%, other coals 5%; Adding up to each composition weight is 100%, mixing, and the coke oven of packing into together carries out high temperature carbonization 10-30 hour coking.
Technology one of the present invention is to reduce the consumption of high-quality coking coal, enlarges the scope of coal-blending coking coal, reduces the coking cost.The 2nd, can adjust the volatile matter of mixed coal flexibly, improve the hot and cold peptide intensity and the lumpiness of coke.The 3rd, the ash content and the sulphur content of reduction coke, the quality of raising coke-iron-rate and coke.
Preferred implementation as technology of the present invention; The weakly caking coal destructive distillation that at first will hang down ash, low-sulfur, high ash melting point becomes semicoke and is crushed to granularity is 3mm; Then with the semicoke that generates after the weakly caking coal destructive distillation with 30% weight ratio and coking coal 30%, rich coal 30%, bottle coal 5%, other coals 5%; Adding up to each composition weight is 100%, and mixing, the coke oven of packing into together carry out 20 hours cokings of high temperature carbonization.
Claims (2)
1. weakly caking coal destructive distillation coal-blending coking technology; It is characterized in that: the weakly caking coal destructive distillation that at first will hang down ash, low-sulfur, high ash melting point becomes semicoke and is crushed to granularity less than 5mm; Then with the semicoke that generates after the weakly caking coal destructive distillation with the weight ratio of 20%-40% and coking coal 30-40%, rich coal 20-30%, bottle coal 5-10%, other coals 5%; Adding up to each composition weight is 100%, mixing, and the coke oven of packing into together carries out high temperature carbonization 10-30 hour coking.
2. weakly caking coal destructive distillation coal-blending coking technology according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the weakly caking coal destructive distillation that at first will hang down ash, low-sulfur, high ash melting point becomes semicoke and is crushed to granularity is 3mm; Then with the semicoke that generates after the weakly caking coal destructive distillation with 30% weight ratio and coking coal 30%, rich coal 30%, bottle coal 5%, other coals 5%; Adding up to each composition weight is 100%, and mixing, the coke oven of packing into together carry out 20 hours cokings of high temperature carbonization.
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| CN103275741A (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2013-09-04 | 云南昆钢煤焦化有限公司 | Rammed-coal coking method for proportioned brown coal |
| CN104330542A (en) * | 2014-11-10 | 2015-02-04 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Coal quality evaluating method and distributing method of highly-metamorphic coking coal based on coke optical texture structure |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103275741A (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2013-09-04 | 云南昆钢煤焦化有限公司 | Rammed-coal coking method for proportioned brown coal |
| CN103275741B (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2014-09-10 | 云南煤业能源股份有限公司 | Rammed-coal coking method for proportioned brown coal |
| CN104330542A (en) * | 2014-11-10 | 2015-02-04 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Coal quality evaluating method and distributing method of highly-metamorphic coking coal based on coke optical texture structure |
| CN104330542B (en) * | 2014-11-10 | 2016-04-20 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Height based on charred coal organization structure goes bad the coal property evaluation of coking coal and application method |
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Application publication date: 20120704 |