CN102531543B - Production process of microwave vacuum-sintering heat-preservation ceramic - Google Patents
Production process of microwave vacuum-sintering heat-preservation ceramic Download PDFInfo
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- CN102531543B CN102531543B CN 201210000766 CN201210000766A CN102531543B CN 102531543 B CN102531543 B CN 102531543B CN 201210000766 CN201210000766 CN 201210000766 CN 201210000766 A CN201210000766 A CN 201210000766A CN 102531543 B CN102531543 B CN 102531543B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a production process of a microwave vacuum-sintering heat-preservation ceramic. The production process comprises the following steps of: (1) prefabrication of interlayer ceramic: taking blank paste and producing the interlayer ceramic by adopting a grouting method, wherein the outer layer of the interlayer ceramic is drilled with vacuumizing holes; (2) production of sealing balls: taking the blank paste and kneading the blank paste into balls, drying the balls at high temperature, and glazing and drying; and (3) microwave vacuum-sintering and sealing: putting the interlayer ceramic produced in the step (1) into a microwave vacuum-sintering furnace, taking the sealing balls on the vacuumizing holes of the interlayer ceramic, and sintering and sealing by matching microwaves under the vacuum condition to product the heat-preservation interlayer ceramic as a finished product. According to the production process disclosed by the invention, sintering and sealing processes are finished under the vacuum condition, and the produced vacuum interlayer heat-preservation ceramic has a better heat-preservation effect compared with the common interlayer heat-preservation ceramic. In addition, microwave vacuum sintering is adopted in the sintering process, the sintering temperature is easily controlled, and the finished product rate is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ceramic manufacturing field, be specifically related to a kind of production technique of microwave vacuum sintered heat insulating pottery.
Background technology
At present, the heat-insulating ceramic utensil on the market has certain heat insulation effect substantially with the interlayer ceramic main, but can not reach best heat insulation effect with regard to its production technique.Mainly contain following reason: 1, existing laminated heat-preserving pottery is to realize insulation by the double-layer ceramic that interlayer communicates with atmosphere, does not realize vacuum heat-preserving technology truly.Be the conscious interlayer that is designed in the process of making namely, the interlayer air do not taken away fully, owing in the interlayer existence of air being arranged and communicating with atmosphere, so heat insulation effect does not reach vacuum heat-preserving effect truly.2, the laminated heat-preserving pottery is in sintering procedure, and the sintering technology of the sintering technology of employing and conventional ceramic product is as broad as long, therefore can't form real laminated vacuum effect.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is the deficiency for solving the problems of the technologies described above, a kind of production technique of microwave vacuum sintered heat insulating pottery is provided, be a kind of laminated vacuum heat preserving ceramic production technique truly, the pottery that makes possesses good heat insulation function is arranged.
The present invention is the deficiency that solves the problems of the technologies described above, and the technical scheme that adopts is: a kind of microwave vacuum sintered heat insulating ceramic production technology, and it is characterized in that: described technology may further comprise the steps:
(1), the interlayer pottery is prefabricated: adopt slip casting or the throwing method of forming to make the interlayer ceramic semi-finished product, and leave at the skin of interlayer pottery and to vacuumize the hole;
(2), the preparation of ball sealer: get base mud and rub glomeration, standby after super-dry, glazing, oven dry, wherein the diameter of ball sealer is greater than the diameter that vacuumizes the hole, and the glaze layer of ball sealer is than the glaze bed thickness on the base substrate;
(3), microwave vacuum sintering sealing: the interlayer pottery that step (1) prepares is put into the microwave vacuum sintering oven, get the ball sealer for preparing in the step (2) and be placed on vacuumizing on the hole of interlayer pottery, open vacuum pump earlier, air in the interlayer in the interlayer pottery is taken away, open microwave generator then, under vacuum condition, regulate microwave power, temperature in the control sintering oven is carried out the sintering sealing, after finishing, sintering closes microwave generator, cooling to normal temperature with the furnace comes out of the stove, in sintering process, the glaze on ball sealer and the interlayer pottery can be melted by heat energy, and flows in billet surface, in flow process, finish the sintering sealing, make vacuum interlayer heat preserving ceramic finished product.
The method of slip casting legal system interlayer pottery is in the described step (1):
A, yin, yang mould matched moulds: the yin, yang mould is carried out drying respectively, and dry temperature is not higher than 70 ℃, and the water ratio of dry back yin, yang mould is not less than 4%; With dried yin, yang mould matched moulds, prepare slip casting;
B, injection forming: before the slip casting, with wet sponge wiping yin, yang die surface, then mud is fully stirred, and the yin, yang mould of injection matched moulds, pour out unnecessary mud from slurry-pouring hole, form the base substrate that has interlayer, former slip casting realizes the profile moulding of interlayer pottery, formpiston slip casting realizes the inner bag moulding of interlayer pottery, and slurry-pouring hole is and vacuumizes the hole, and the disposable slip casting that combines of yin, yang mould forms the ceramic crude green body that has interlayer;
C, the demoulding: the yin, yang mould is sloughed, taken out interlayer pottery crude green body;
D, repaired biscuit: interlayer pottery crude green body repaired biscuit;
E, drying: the interlayer behind repaired biscuit pottery crude green body is carried out warm air drying, until the water ratio of interlayer pottery crude green body below 6%;
F, glazing: with the glazing according to a conventional method of dried interlayer pottery crude green body, make the interlayer pottery, place and prepare sintering.
The method of throwing moulding legal system vacuum interlayer ceramic semi-finished product is in the described step (1):
A, the moulding of inside and outside base substrate throwing: adopt traditional throwing potting porcelain method to make interior base substrate and outer base substrate respectively, inside and outside base substrate can cooperatively interact, and the combination back forms the ceramic body that has intermediate course;
B, close base: get the interior base substrate and the outer base substrate that make and close base, make the ceramic crude green body of interlayer after closing base;
C, repaired biscuit: interlayer behind involutory base pottery crude green body carries out repaired biscuit, and in the repaired biscuit process, is equipped with at the outer bottom position of crude green body and vacuumizes the hole;
D, drying: the interlayer behind repaired biscuit pottery crude green body is carried out warm air drying, until the water ratio of interlayer pottery crude green body below 6%;
F, glazing: with the glazing according to a conventional method of dried interlayer pottery crude green body, make the interlayer pottery, place and prepare sintering.
Ball sealer in the described step (2) can also be made with pure glaze material.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, method of the present invention is the vacuum heat-preserving ceramic making method that has truly, the common laminated heat-preserving pottery of ratio that makes the laminated vacuum heat preserving ceramic has better heat insulation effect, have and imitate soaking time, the especially soups food that prolongs culinary art back food, heat insulation effect is more remarkable.
2, processing method of the present invention, not only products such as ceramic disc, bowl, soup basin can produce the vacuum heat-preserving pottery, the vessel lid also can also be produced the vacuum heat-preserving type, can its heat insulation effect of more effective realization.
3, sintering sealing technology of the present invention adopts the microwave sintering sealing, easy temperature control, and the yield rate height, energy-saving effect is better.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is microwave vacuum sintering sealing technology synoptic diagram of the present invention.
1, thermal insulation layer, 2, microwave generator, 3, vacuum pump, 4, ball sealer.
Embodiment
Below be specific embodiments of the invention:
Embodiment 1
Be example to make a vacuum heat-preserving ceramic bowl, its manufacture craft may further comprise the steps:
(1) the vacuum interlayer ceramic bowl is prefabricated:
According to conventional ceramic production technology allotment ceramic mud, wherein each composition of mud according to mass percent is: kaolin 30%, porcelain stone 12%, feldspar 16%, quartz 30%, bone ash 12%.
Adopt conventional injection forming legal system vacuum interlayer ceramic bowl work in-process:
A, yin, yang mould matched moulds: the yin, yang mould is carried out drying respectively under 70 ℃ of temperature, the water ratio that is dried to the yin, yang mould is about 6%; With dried yin, yang mould matched moulds, prepare slip casting;
B, injection forming: before the slip casting, with wet sponge wiping yin, yang die surface, then mud is fully stirred, and the yin, yang mould of injection matched moulds, pour out unnecessary mud from slurry-pouring hole, form the base substrate that has interlayer, former slip casting realizes the profile moulding of interlayer pottery, formpiston slip casting realizes the inner bag moulding of interlayer pottery, and slurry-pouring hole is and vacuumizes the hole, and the disposable slip casting that combines of yin, yang mould forms the ceramic bowl crude green body that has interlayer;
C, the demoulding: the yin, yang mould is sloughed, taken out interlayer ceramic bowl crude green body;
D, repaired biscuit: interlayer ceramic bowl crude green body repaired biscuit, and in the repaired biscuit process is equipped with at the outer bottom position of crude green body and vacuumizes the hole;
E, drying: the interlayer ceramic bowl crude green body behind the repaired biscuit is carried out warm air drying, drop to 5% until the water ratio of interlayer ceramic bowl crude green body;
F, glazing: with the glazing according to a conventional method of dried interlayer ceramic bowl crude green body, make vacuum interlayer ceramic bowl work in-process, place and prepare sintering.
(2), the preparation of ball sealer: get base mud and rub glomeration, earlier through super-dry, glazing, oven dry, it is standby to make the ceramic core ball sealer, ball sealer will be blocked the hole of reserving on step (1) the China and foreign countries base that vacuumizes, so the diameter of ball sealer is than big greater than the diameter that vacuumizes the hole, and the glaze layer of ball sealer than the glaze bed thickness on the base substrate some, can guarantee afterwards a sealing effectiveness when going on foot sintering and sealing like this.Ball sealer can be made in advance, places standbyly, does not have the branch of process sequence priority, the shape of ball sealer also is not limited to sphere, any can block vacuumize the hole shape can, present embodiment is made spherical shape.
(3), microwave vacuum sintering sealing: the vacuum interlayer ceramic semi-finished product that step (1) prepares is put into the microwave vacuum sintering oven, get the ball sealer for preparing in the step (2) and be placed on vacuumizing on the hole of vacuum interlayer ceramic semi-finished product bottom, open vacuum pump earlier, air in the interlayer in the vacuum interlayer ceramic semi-finished product is taken away, open microwave generator then, under vacuum condition, it is between the 300MHz-300GHz that microwave frequency is set, preferred 2.45GHz or 915MHz, it is 915MHz that present embodiment is regulated microwave frequency, is warming up to 1200 ℃ in 2 hours, keeps 15 minutes, close microwave generator, cool to normal temperature with the furnace and come out of the stove.
In sintering process, the glaze on ball sealer and the vacuum interlayer ceramic semi-finished product can be melted by the heat energy that microwave produces, and flows in billet surface, finishes the vacuum sintering sealing in flow process, makes vacuum interlayer heat preserving ceramic finished product.
In order to increase heat insulation effect, can make the bowl lid with same technology, vacuum heat-preserving bowl lid cooperates the vacuum heat-preserving bowl, can reach extraordinary heat insulation effect.
Slip-casting shaping process is simple, is suitable for producing that some are complex-shaped and irregular, the apparent size requirement is not strict, wall is thin and the goods of large-scale thick tire.
Be example to make a vacuum heat-preserving ceramic cylinder, its manufacture craft may further comprise the steps:
(1) the vacuum interlayer ceramic cylinder is prefabricated:
According to conventional ceramic production technology allotment ceramic mud, wherein each composition of mud according to per-cent is: clay 35%, feldspar 12%, quartz 8%, bone ash 45%.
Adopt conventional injection forming legal system vacuum interlayer ceramic cylinder work in-process:
A, the moulding of inside and outside base substrate throwing: adopt traditional throwing potting porcelain method to make interior base substrate and outer base substrate respectively, inside and outside base substrate can cooperatively interact, and the combination back forms the ceramic cylinder base substrate that has intermediate course;
B, close base: get the interior base substrate and the outer base substrate that make and close base, make interlayer ceramic cylinder crude green body after closing base;
C, repaired biscuit: the interlayer ceramic cylinder crude green body behind the involutory base carries out repaired biscuit, and in the repaired biscuit process, is equipped with at the outer bottom position of crude green body and vacuumizes the hole;
D, drying: the interlayer behind repaired biscuit pottery crude green body is carried out warm air drying, until the water ratio of interlayer ceramic cylinder crude green body below 6%;
F, glazing sintering: with the glazing according to a conventional method of dried interlayer ceramic cylinder crude green body, high temperature sintering, make vacuum interlayer ceramic cylinder work in-process.
(2), the preparation of ball sealer: get base mud and rub glomeration, earlier through super-dry, glazing, oven dry, it is standby to make the ceramic core ball sealer, ball sealer will be blocked the hole of reserving on step (1) the China and foreign countries base that vacuumizes, so the diameter of ball sealer is than big greater than the diameter that vacuumizes the hole, and the glaze layer of ball sealer than the glaze bed thickness on the base substrate some, can guarantee afterwards a sealing effectiveness when going on foot sintering and sealing like this.Ball sealer can be made in advance, places standbyly, does not have the branch of process sequence priority, the shape of ball sealer also is not limited to sphere, any can block vacuumize the hole shape can, present embodiment is made spherical shape.
(3), microwave vacuum sintering sealing: the vacuum interlayer ceramic cylinder work in-process that step (1) prepares are put into the microwave vacuum sintering oven, get the ball sealer for preparing in the step (2) and be placed on vacuumizing on the hole of vacuum interlayer ceramic cylinder work in-process bottom, open vacuum pump earlier, air in the interlayer in the vacuum interlayer ceramic cylinder work in-process is taken away, open microwave generator then, under vacuum condition, it is between the 300MHz-300GHz that microwave frequency is set, preferred 2.45GHz or 915MHz, it is 2.45GHz that present embodiment is regulated microwave frequency, is warming up to 1250 ℃ in 150 minutes, keeps 10 minutes, close microwave generator, cool to normal temperature with the furnace and come out of the stove.
In sintering process, the glaze of ball sealer can be melted by the heat energy that microwave produces, and flows in billet surface, finishes in flow process vacuumizing the sealing at place, hole, makes vacuum interlayer heat preserving ceramic cylinder finished product.
In order to increase heat insulation effect, can make cylinder cap with same technology, the vacuum heat-preserving cylinder cap cooperates the vacuum heat-preserving cylinder, can reach extraordinary heat insulation effect.
When the relatively large ceramic member of manufactured size, be suitable for the throwing method and make inside and outside base, close base again, the sintering sealing.
Claims (4)
1. microwave vacuum sintered heat insulating ceramic production technology, it is characterized in that: described technology may further comprise the steps:
(1), the interlayer pottery is prefabricated: adopt slip casting or the throwing method of forming to make the interlayer pottery, and leave at the skin of interlayer pottery and to vacuumize the hole;
(2), the preparation of ball sealer: get base mud and rub glomeration, standby after super-dry, glazing, oven dry, wherein the diameter of ball sealer is greater than the diameter that vacuumizes the hole, and the glaze layer of ball sealer is than the glaze bed thickness on the base substrate;
(3), microwave vacuum sintering sealing: the interlayer pottery that step (1) prepares is put into the microwave vacuum sintering oven, get the ball sealer for preparing in the step (2) and be placed on vacuumizing on the hole of interlayer pottery, open vacuum pump earlier, air in the interlayer in the interlayer pottery is taken away, open microwave generator then, under vacuum condition, regulate microwave power, temperature in the control sintering oven is carried out the sintering sealing, after finishing, sintering closes microwave generator, cooling to normal temperature with the furnace comes out of the stove, in sintering process, the glaze on ball sealer and the vacuum interlayer ceramic semi-finished product can be melted by heat energy, and flows in billet surface, in flow process, finish the sintering sealing, make vacuum interlayer heat preserving ceramic finished product.
2. a kind of microwave vacuum sintered heat insulating ceramic production technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the method for slip casting legal system interlayer pottery is in the described step (1):
A, yin, yang mould matched moulds: the yin, yang mould is carried out drying respectively, and dry temperature is not higher than 70 ℃, and the water ratio of dry back yin, yang mould is not less than 4%; With dried yin, yang mould matched moulds, prepare slip casting;
B, injection forming: before the slip casting, with wet sponge wiping yin, yang die surface, then mud is fully stirred, and the yin, yang mould of injection matched moulds, pour out unnecessary mud from slurry-pouring hole, form the base substrate that has interlayer, former slip casting realizes the profile moulding of interlayer pottery, formpiston slip casting realizes the inner bag moulding of interlayer pottery, and slurry-pouring hole is and vacuumizes the hole, and the disposable slip casting that combines of yin, yang mould forms the ceramic crude green body that has interlayer;
C, the demoulding: the yin, yang mould is sloughed, taken out interlayer pottery crude green body;
D, repaired biscuit: interlayer pottery crude green body repaired biscuit;
E, drying: the interlayer behind repaired biscuit pottery crude green body is carried out warm air drying, until the water ratio of interlayer pottery crude green body below 6%;
F, glazing: with the glazing according to a conventional method of dried interlayer pottery crude green body, make the interlayer pottery, place and prepare sintering.
3. a kind of microwave vacuum sintered heat insulating ceramic production technology according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the method for throwing moulding legal system interlayer pottery is in the described step (1):
A, the moulding of inside and outside base substrate throwing: adopt traditional throwing potting porcelain method to make interior base substrate and outer base substrate respectively, inside and outside base substrate can cooperatively interact, and the combination back forms the ceramic body that has intermediate course;
B, close base: get the interior base substrate and the outer base substrate that make and close base, make the ceramic crude green body of interlayer after closing base;
C, repaired biscuit: interlayer behind involutory base pottery crude green body carries out repaired biscuit, and in the repaired biscuit process, is equipped with at the outer bottom position of crude green body and vacuumizes the hole;
D, drying: the interlayer behind repaired biscuit pottery crude green body is carried out warm air drying, until the water ratio of interlayer pottery crude green body below 6%;
F, glazing: with the glazing according to a conventional method of dried interlayer pottery crude green body, make the interlayer pottery, place and prepare sintering.
4. a kind of microwave vacuum sintered heat insulating ceramic production technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the ball sealer in the described step (2) can also be made with pure glaze material.
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Granted publication date: 20130717 Termination date: 20140104 |