CN102523655A - Capacitance discharging type LED aircraft obstruction lamp - Google Patents
Capacitance discharging type LED aircraft obstruction lamp Download PDFInfo
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- CN102523655A CN102523655A CN2011104311345A CN201110431134A CN102523655A CN 102523655 A CN102523655 A CN 102523655A CN 2011104311345 A CN2011104311345 A CN 2011104311345A CN 201110431134 A CN201110431134 A CN 201110431134A CN 102523655 A CN102523655 A CN 102523655A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a capacitance discharging type LED aircraft obstruction lamp, which comprises an LED array and a power source device, wherein the LED array consists of LEDs. The power source device comprises a super capacitor, backflow-preventive diodes, a charging circuit, a discharging control circuit and a discharging switch, the super capacitor is charged by the charging circuit through a serial-connected circuit formed by the backflow-preventive diodes and the super capacitor, the super capacitor, the LED array and the discharging switch are connected in series to form a super capacitor discharging loop, and the discharging control circuit controls on and off of the discharging switch. The super capacitor and the LED array are directly connected in series to form the discharging loop, so that the circuit is simple and low in power consumption and loss. The improvement of the capacitance discharging type LED aircraft obstruction lamp includes that the charging circuit is a constant-current source, the constant-current source is guaranteed to output constant charging current when the charging voltage of the constant-current source is fluctuated by being affected by the super capacitor. Therefore, the voltage of the capacitor can rise linearly along with time during charging, and energy storage of the super capacitor can meet the requirements of time and brightness of lighting the LED array quickly, reliably and stably.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the aeronautical beacon technical field, relate in particular to a kind of capacitor discharge type LED aviation obstruction beacon.
Background technology
Existing aviation obstruction beacon power supply and light source have following several kinds of implementations:
The stroboscopic lamp circuit working principle of above-mentioned stroboscopic lamp formula aviation obstruction beacon is: triode and transformer constitute oscillator; The oscillator signal that produces through transformer secondary output boost, diode rectification, capacitance energy storage; Obtain the direct voltage about 300V, supply with the flash lamp tube operating voltage.The formation times such as neon bulb, controllable silicon, inductance are circuits for triggering intermittently.When electric capacity institute charging voltage rose to the neon bulb starting voltage, the moment conducting of build-up of luminance current trigger controllable silicon produced nearly ten thousand volts of high pressure after capacitance discharges is boosted, and the trigger flashing tube discharge sends high light.Owing to used the stroboscopic bulb, be restricted the useful life of light fixture.At present, best stroboscopic bulb is German brand, and also have only 10 its useful life
8Inferior; In addition, stroboscopic lamp inside is full of rare inert gas, during work; Through two high-field electrodes, make air ionization wherein produce electric arc, electric arc makes the rare inert gas in the bulb become excitation state more then; And the transition of co-orbital electronics will not produce the radiant light of various different wave lengths, and visible light is wherein just arranged, reason that the stroboscopic bulb needs high pressure to light that Here it is; General voltage is several kilovolts and arrives volts up to ten thousand, once leak electricity, will cause serious accident.
" external electronic devices and components " 2007; O. 11th has been published the bright article of the refreshing eastern coal Materials Service Center Feng Hu of branch company of energy joint-stock company of Chinese Shenhua " the LED navigation light and the aviation obstruction beacon of ultracapacitor power supply "; It has proposed with photovoltaic cell storage battery and super capacitor charging; The technical conceive of led array is lighted in the super capacitor discharge, and its voltage that provides adjustment charging circuit is to be directed against photovoltaic cell to charge in batteries, and charging voltage is low; Charging current is little, the electric weight demand when light intensity A type aviation obstruction beacon or high light intensity aviation obstruction beacon LED work in can not satisfying; LED pressure drop type high voltagehigh frequency constant current control integrated circuit IRS2541 has been adopted in its driving to led array, and the complicated circuit cost is high, and energy loss is arranged; Super capacitor is battery-driven replenishing in this device, and pulse current mainly is provided, and it is mainly supplied power to integrated circuit.In addition; Bridge rectifier voltage stabilizing circuit and constant voltage power supply circuit reached the maximum of power supply output before this to the super capacitor charging current; Rising along with capacitance slowly diminishes then, and charging rate is more and more slower, can not well satisfy the luminous power reguirements of periodicity of LED aviation obstruction beacon.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is provides a kind of volume little, in light weight to deficiency of the prior art, and particularly the led array drive circuit is simple, and is low in energy consumption, the capacitor discharge type LED aviation obstruction beacon that loss is low.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is: a kind of capacitor discharge type LED aviation obstruction beacon, comprise led array and supply unit that LED forms, and supply unit comprises super capacitor, anti-backflow diode, charging circuit, charge/discharge control circuit; Charging circuit charges to super capacitor through the series circuit of anti-backflow diode and super capacitor; Supply unit also comprises discharge switch, super capacitor, led array; Discharge switch is composed in series the super capacitor discharge loop, the break-make of charge/discharge control circuit control discharge switch.
Technique effect of the present invention is: volume is little; If light intensity A type LED aviation obstruction beacon power supply in not realizing with the present invention uses constant-current source or constant pressure source, the 400W power supply need be installed at least in lamp body; Powerful power supply like this will make that small product size is bigger; In light weight, the present invention uses the super capacitor charging circuit, only needs 10W power just can replace the power supply of 400W power, and weight certainly will be so gently many; Because super capacitor of the present invention and led array directly are composed in series discharge loop, circuit is simple; Through super capacitor heavy current pulse is provided, direct driving LED array, loss is low; According to aviation obstruction beacon is not normal bright luminous, through the closed in short-term discharge of charge/discharge control circuit control discharge switch, so low in energy consumption.
Further improvement of the present invention, charging circuit is a constant-current source, when constant current source charging voltage receives the super capacitor charging to influence fluctuation, guarantees that said constant-current source output charging current is constant.The benefit of doing like this is that constant-current source is used in charging; When constant current source charging voltage receives the super capacitor charging to influence fluctuation; Guarantee that constant-current source output charging current is constant, in fact charging current and voltage all are constant basically in the charging process, in charging process; Capacitance voltage is linear in time to rise, can fast and reliable stable time and the brightness requirement that super capacitor energy-storage is reached light led array.
Further improvement of the present invention, super capacitor is formed in parallel by two above super capacitors.Even under the situation that the benefit of doing like this is one of them ultracapacitor to be damaged, guarantee the reliable and stable work of supply unit.
Further improvement of the present invention, charge/discharge control circuit comprise single-chip microcomputer or Digital Logical Circuits and discharge switch drive circuit; Discharge switch is metal-oxide-semiconductor or relay.The benefit of doing like this is that circuit is simple, is easy to realize.
Output voltage in the further improvement of the present invention, super capacitor discharge cycle is more than or equal to the moment conducting voltage of led array.The benefit of doing like this is to guarantee that the led array fluorescent lifetime meets design requirement.
Further improvement of the present invention, the discharge voltage of super capacitor is smaller or equal to 50 volts.The benefit of doing like this is that voltage is low, super capacitor discharge safety.
Further improvement of the present invention; The super capacitor charging current of constant-current source output is derived by following formula, I1 * T1 ≈ I2 * T2, and wherein I1 is the super capacitor charging current; T1 is the super capacitor charging interval; I2 is the super capacitor discharging current, and T2 is super capacitor discharge time, and the actual super capacitor charging current of using should be calculated income value greater than following formula.The benefit of doing like this is to leave surplus, and charge function is stable, and under the situation of a super capacitor damage therein, power supply can also normal power supply.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is 1 one kinds of capacitor discharge type LED of embodiment aviation obstruction beacon principle schematic.
Accompanying drawing 2 is 1 one kinds of capacitor discharge type LED of embodiment aviation obstruction beacon charge/discharge control circuit principle schematic.
Accompanying drawing 3 is that 1 one kinds of capacitor discharge type LED of embodiment aviation obstruction beacon super capacitor discharge moment anti-backflow diode voltage changes oscillogram.
Accompanying drawing 5 is profile sketch mapes of light intensity LED aviation obstruction beacon in the embodiment 1 A type.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment provided by the invention is elaborated.
The Reference numeral and the part that relate in the accompanying drawing are as follows:
1. charging circuit 2. super capacitors
3. charge/discharge control circuit 4. anti-backflow diodes
5.LED array 6. discharge switches
Embodiment 1
Present embodiment is realized a kind of middle light intensity A type capacitor discharge type LED aviation obstruction beacon, utilizes light intensity aviation obstruction beacon and high light intensity aviation obstruction beacon in the A type, all is not the characteristics of normal bright work; As the technological break-through mouth, finally associate, power reaches requirement as long as power supply sparks; Can make this key point of aviation obstruction beacon operate as normal,, confirm to use super capacitor through repeatedly experiment and test; Realize power circuit, solved a power technology difficult problem.Please with reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is 1 one kinds of capacitor discharge type LED of embodiment of the invention aviation obstruction beacon principle schematic, the led array 5 that LED forms, and supply unit comprises super capacitor 2, anti-backflow diode 4, charging circuit 1, charge/discharge control circuit 3; Charging circuit 1 charges to super capacitor 2 through the series circuit of anti-backflow diode 4 and super capacitor 2; Supply unit also comprises discharge switch 6, super capacitor 2, led array 5; Discharge switch 6 is composed in series super capacitor 2 discharge loops, the break-make of charge/discharge control circuit 3 control discharge switches 6.
With the middle light intensity A type capacitor discharge type LED aviation obstruction beacon that above-mentioned design realizes, luminous intensity reaches 20000CD, and light intensity aviation obstruction beacon (luminous intensity 2000CD) is the same light in lamp body volume and weight and the Type B.Below be that example is specifically decomposed design details with light intensity A type capacitor discharge type LED aviation obstruction beacon in this.
The super capacitor type selecting: when carrying out the super capacitor type selecting, need emphasis to consider the super capacitor working temperature, must select the electric capacity of ability high-and low-temperature resistance, after guaranteeing long-term the use, capacitance can also maintain more than 90%.If type selecting is improper, after long-term the use, electrolyte can change, and causes capacitance to descend, and output power of power supply descends, thereby reduces the luminous light intensity of aviation obstruction beacon, causes product failure.The super capacitor Capacity design need be calculated according to the drive current and the voltage of LED needs, and cooperates experimental verification.The discharging current computing formula of super capacitor is following:
I?=?C×?
Super capacitor discharge voltage value is chosen should be too not high, otherwise dangerous, and suggestion is not higher than 50 volts, and its peak approximates charging voltage, and its minimum should be greater than the conducting voltage of led array.
Present embodiment uses 2 63V/10000uF super capacitors, and the use that is connected in parallel is equivalent to 1 63V/20000uF super capacitor.
Led array: for led array, only need be according to capacitor discharge voltage, calculate LED series connection quantity after, carry out serial or parallel connection and get final product.For example, LED quantity is 15, and the conducting voltage of LED is 3V, and discharge voltage is 50V, and by 50 ÷, 3 ≈ 16, then led array can design the series connection of row 15 LEDs.For another example, LED quantity is 45, and the conducting voltage of LED is 3V, and discharge voltage is 50V, and then led array can be designed to three row, 15 LEDs series connection back parallel connection.
Present embodiment uses 45 9W large power white light LEDs to form led array, per 15 a string, be divided into into three strings, parallel connection.As long as immediate current >=3V that LED passes through, LED can reach maximum emission intensity, thus per 15 a string LED, driving voltage need >=45V.During the operating current of LED >=3A, LED can reach maximum emission intensity, so will make three string LED all reach maximum emission intensity, the electric current that sparks of two super capacitors must be greater than 9A (3 * 3A).
Present embodiment requires highly for the time control precision of charge/discharge control circuit, light time requirement and be＜10mS.In addition, aviation obstruction beacon should not produce surplus light, and this just requires charge/discharge control circuit moment thoroughly to turn-off electric capacity output.
Referring to 1 one kinds of capacitor discharge type LED of Fig. 2 embodiment aviation obstruction beacon charge/discharge control circuit principle schematic.Metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3 is a discharge switch among the figure, resistance R 1, and R2, Q1 constitutes the drive circuit of discharge switch, and single-chip microcomputer (one chip microcomputer is called for short single-chip microcomputer or MCU) is adopted in discharge control, makes discharge control time precision be able to guarantee.The operating frequency of single-chip microcomputer is 8MHz, can in the time of microsecond level, realize the switch of discharge circuit.Through programming, can point-device control that realizes the 10mS discharge.The operation principle of discharge circuit is, during the Single-chip Controlling output high level of R1 left end, triode Q1 opens, and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3 grid is a low level, and discharge loop is turned off, and led array does not work; During the Single-chip Controlling output low level of R1 left end, triode Q1 turn-offs, and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3 grid is a high level, and discharge loop is opened, and led array is lighted.
Change oscillogram referring to 1 one kinds of capacitor discharge type LED of Fig. 3 embodiment aviation obstruction beacon super capacitor discharge moment anti-backflow diode voltage.Metal-oxide-semiconductor Q3 is that discharge switch is opened moment, the change in voltage situation at anti-backflow diode two ends.Pulse duration among the figure is 10mS, can find out that both sides do not have slow rising or downslide, prove discharge switch to open and turn-off all be to accomplish moment.Pulse the duration, have the voltage of an amplitude to descend, be the normal performance that super capacitor discharge back voltage reduces, because least significant end voltage still can satisfy the led array work requirements, so the decline of voltage can not influence the luminous light intensity of aviation obstruction beacon.
Charging circuit: the design of charging circuit, should be taken into account super capacitor charging interval and charging circuit power, that is, guarantee that the charging circuit output current is enough big, can, capacitor discharge before discharge next time, electric capacity be full of after finishing.Charging circuit can adopt constant-current source or constant pressure source to realize, but constant-current source is adopted in suggestion.Because constant pressure source reached the maximum that power supply is exported before this to the super capacitor charging current, the rising along with capacitance slowly diminishes then, and charging rate is more and more slower, can not well satisfy the luminous power reguirements of periodicity of LED aviation obstruction beacon; And the use constant-current source; When constant current source charging voltage receives the super capacitor charging to influence fluctuation; Guarantee that constant-current source output charging current is constant, in fact charging current and voltage all are constant basically in the charging process, in charging process; Capacitance voltage is linear in time to rise, can fast and reliable stable time and the brightness requirement that super capacitor energy-storage is reached light led array.
Comparatively reasonably be provided with and be super capacitor charging voltage≤super capacitor rated voltage 90%.Being provided with of super capacitor charging current can be aided with experiment and draw through following calculating.Suppose that the super capacitor charging current is I1, the super capacitor discharging current is I2, and the super capacitor charging interval is T1, and super capacitor discharge time is T2, then:
I1×T1?≈?I2×T2
Why approximating, is that super capacitor voltage changes because of in charging, the discharge process, and discharging current is also along with the reduction of capacitance voltage reduces.But in discharge process, when change in voltage was very little, the two was equal basically.Be aided with experiment again, can be easy to set the output voltage of power supply.
Referring to 1 one kinds of capacitor discharge type LED of Fig. 4 embodiment aviation obstruction beacon constant-current source schematic diagram.This constant-current source circuit, output super capacitor charging voltage 50V, output super capacitor charging current 200mA is simultaneously to 2 super capacitor chargings.U3 among the figure, U4 adopts the integrated circuit three ends parallel voltage-stabilizing diode able to programme TL431 of ONNN; U1 adopts the Switching Power Supply integrated circuit TNY278P of the U.S. integrated company of power supply (Power Integrations Inc.), this chips incorporate the high voltage power MOSFET switch, the power-supply controller of electric of the equipment that coexists is different from traditional P WM (pulse-width modulation) controller; It uses simple ON/OFF to control and regulates output voltage, and this controller comprises an oscillator, enable circuits (detecting and logic); The limited current state machine, 5.85 V pressurizers, bypass/multi-functional pin is under-voltage; Overvoltage circuit is selected the electric current restriction of circuit, overheat protector; Current limit circuit, lead-edge-blanking and 700 V power MOSFETs.
Can be extrapolated by Kirchhoff's law, output voltage V out is determined by Vref, R10, R11, R12, Vref=2.45V when unloaded, and relational expression is following:
Vout?=?Vref?×?(1?+
)
Can be extrapolated by Kirchhoff's law, the relational expression of output current Iout and Vout is following:
Vout?=?（Vref?-?Iout×R5）×?(1?+
)
The principle of constant current is that when output voltage was changed by load effect, the value of Vref can change thereupon; The variation of the value of Vref will feed back to the switch of U2 (optocoupler), and optocoupler feeds back to it PWM controller of front end again; The empty ratio of PWM controller point of adjustment, thus the output current value constant magnitude used.
Use above-mentioned constant-current source to be to the situation that super capacitor charges; During charging; The voltage and current size is constant basically, is filled up to electric capacity, in this process; Capacitance voltage is linear to rise, can fast and reliable stable time and the brightness requirement that super capacitor energy-storage is reached light led array.
Computational process:
The super capacitor electric current that sparks:
I?=(?C
1+C
2)×
?=?0.02F×
?=?10A
0.02F in the top formula; Be capacitance 20000uF, 0.01S is lighting the time of aeronautical light, according to " the civil aviation industry standard MH/6012-1999 of the People's Republic of China (PRC) " aviation obstruction beacon standard-required; The time of lighting should be＜10mS, carries out according to peak demand 10mS here.50V is the voltage before the super capacitor discharge, approximates the output voltage of charging circuit, and 45V is the voltage after discharging; Can draw by actual measurement, but this value, in this design; Necessary >=45V; To guarantee that LED at the super capacitor interdischarge interval, is fully lighted always, guarantee that the aviation obstruction beacon light intensity is not less than standard-required.
Can know that by top calculating super capacitor can be emitted the 10A electric current when discharging into 45V, enough light LED, reaches light intensity requirement.Simultaneously, owing to be spark (10mS), and maximum current is in the tolerance range of LED, and LED can not burn out because of overcurrent, has guaranteed the long-life of aviation obstruction beacon.
Can know that by top computational process in the 10mS, the super capacitor discharging current is 10A, because the aviation obstruction beacon flicker frequency is 60 times/minute; It is inferior once to be equivalent to each second, so the charging interval is 990mS (1000mS-10mS), and by the formula of front, I1 * T1 ≈ I2 * T2; Can draw, charging current I1=101mA, actual verification is with the result of calculation basically identical; Consider product stability, stay certain allowance again, maximum charging current is designed to 200mA.Use the profile sketch map that the foregoing invention design is made into light intensity LED aviation obstruction beacon in the A type referring to Fig. 5 embodiment 1.
Embodiment 2
Present embodiment is realized a kind of middle light intensity A type capacitor discharge type LED aviation obstruction beacon, and except that following change, all the other are identical with embodiment 1.Present embodiment uses 3 45V/10000uF super capacitors, and the use that is connected in parallel is equivalent to 1 45V/30000uF super capacitor.Present embodiment super capacitor discharge voltage is designed to 36V, and present embodiment uses 40 9W large power white light LEDs to form led array, per 10 a string, be divided into into four strings, parallel connection.As long as immediate current >=3V that LED passes through, LED can reach maximum emission intensity, thus per 10 a string LED, driving voltage need >=30V.During the operating current of LED >=3A, LED can reach maximum emission intensity, so will make three string LED all reach maximum emission intensity, the electric current that sparks of two super capacitors must be greater than 12A (4 * 3A).The charging voltage of constant-current source and charging current are done corresponding improvement according to embodiment 1.
The present embodiment discharge switch adopts relay, and charge/discharge control circuit adopts Digital Logical Circuits and relay drive circuit.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; Should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the inventive method; Can also make some improvement and replenish, these improvement and replenish and also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a capacitor discharge type LED aviation obstruction beacon comprises led array and supply unit that LED forms, and said supply unit comprises super capacitor, anti-backflow diode, charging circuit, charge/discharge control circuit; Said charging circuit charges to super capacitor through the series circuit of said anti-backflow diode and super capacitor; It is characterized in that: said supply unit also comprises discharge switch; Said super capacitor; Led array, discharge switch are composed in series the super capacitor discharge loop, the break-make of said charge/discharge control circuit control discharge switch.
2. aviation obstruction beacon according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said charging circuit is a constant-current source, when constant current source charging voltage receives the super capacitor charging to influence fluctuation, guarantees that said constant-current source output charging current is constant.
3. aviation obstruction beacon according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: said super capacitor is formed in parallel by two above super capacitors.
4. aviation obstruction beacon according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said charge/discharge control circuit comprises single-chip microcomputer or Digital Logical Circuits and discharge switch drive circuit; Said discharge switch is metal-oxide-semiconductor or relay.
5. aviation obstruction beacon according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the output voltage in the said super capacitor discharge cycle is more than or equal to the moment conducting voltage of led array.
6. aviation obstruction beacon according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the discharge voltage of said super capacitor is smaller or equal to 50 volts.
7. aviation obstruction beacon according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: said constant-current source comprises the switching power circuit that bridge rectifier and PWM controller constitute; And three ends parallel voltage-stabilizing diode able to programme is formed the feedback network of pressurizer along separate routes; When output voltage receives charging to influence variation, make the PWM controller regulate duty ratio, thereby make the output current value constant magnitude.
8. aviation obstruction beacon according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: the super capacitor charging current of said constant-current source output is derived by following formula, I1 * T1 ≈ I2 * T2, and wherein I1 is the super capacitor charging current; T1 is the super capacitor charging interval; I2 is the super capacitor discharging current, and T2 is super capacitor discharge time, and the actual super capacitor charging current of using should be calculated income value greater than following formula.
9. aviation obstruction beacon according to claim 3 is characterized in that: said super capacitor is formed in parallel by the super capacitor of two 63V/10000 μ F.
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| CN104393746A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-03-04 | 广东易事特电源股份有限公司 | BUS capacitive discharge circuit, discharge method and UPS provided with discharge circuit |
| TWI491306B (en) * | 2012-11-28 | 2015-07-01 | Analog Integrations Corp | Ac driven lighting system capable of avoiding dark zone |
| CN105451403A (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2016-03-30 | 欧普照明股份有限公司 | Brightness level control method and circuit, and segmented light adjustment illumination system |
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| CN105451403B (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2019-01-22 | 欧普照明股份有限公司 | The lighting system of light emission luminance section grade control method and circuit, sectional dimming |
| CN104393746A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-03-04 | 广东易事特电源股份有限公司 | BUS capacitive discharge circuit, discharge method and UPS provided with discharge circuit |
| CN107333362A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2017-11-07 | 盐城莱廷绍工业技术有限公司 | It is a kind of to close i.e. disconnected LED drive circuit |
| CN107635311A (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2018-01-26 | 浙江国自机器人技术有限公司 | The power supply circuit and printed circuit board (PCB) of a kind of LED array |
| CN107635311B (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2019-06-18 | 浙江国自机器人技术有限公司 | A kind of power supply circuit and printed circuit board of LED array |
| CN108768150A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-11-06 | 深圳市金锐显数码科技有限公司 | A kind of quick discharging circuit and device |
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Application publication date: 20120627 |