CN102519988A - Method and device for creating function curve of identified material - Google Patents
Method and device for creating function curve of identified material Download PDFInfo
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- CN102519988A CN102519988A CN201110392171XA CN201110392171A CN102519988A CN 102519988 A CN102519988 A CN 102519988A CN 201110392171X A CN201110392171X A CN 201110392171XA CN 201110392171 A CN201110392171 A CN 201110392171A CN 102519988 A CN102519988 A CN 102519988A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for creating a function curve of an identified material in a system for inspecting an object by utilizing forward scattering radiation. The method comprises the following steps: enabling direct radiation emitted by a radiation source and the forward scattering radiation emitted by a scattering body to interact with known materials with different thicknesses, and detecting to obtain penetration numbers; matching the penetration numbers of two kinds energy to various materials with the same thickness, and calculating a specific value between transparencies under the two kinds of energy; and grouping according to the different materials, and fitting out the variation curve of various materials along with the thickness according to the specific value, wherein the variation curve is used as the function curve of the identified material. The method and the device for creating the function curve of the identified material can be used for performing non-out of box audit on cargoes at customs, harbors and airports, and also can be used for biological studies or medical detection.
Description
The application is the dividing an application of application for a patent for invention 200810106278.1 that is called " method and the equipment thereof that utilize forward scattering radiation monitoring object " in the name that on May 9th, 2008 submitted to.
Technical field
The present invention relates to object is carried out radiation monitoring the method and apparatus of particularly material in the big-and-middle-sized objects such as sea-freight, air container being checked.
Background technology
Utilize in the X-radiation imaging field existing, the early stage main method that adopts is to let behind monoenergetic ray and the seized object interaction, survey and seized object effect after ray obtain image.This method can reflect the shape of seized object and the variation of mass thickness, but can not discern the material of object.Afterwards, utilize the method for the effective atomic number of dual intensity method recognition material to be suggested, and be applied to every field such as medical imaging and luggage detection very soon.When the theoretical foundation of dual intensity method recognition material was X ray and the object interaction of different-energy, the physical reactions of its generation was relevant with the energy of the material properties of object and X ray.In the different energy zone, the probability that photoelectric effect, Compton effect and pair effect produce respectively in the highest flight.The matter interaction of ray and different atomic numbers, also monotone variation with the variation of atomic number.So, the ray after X ray through accurate detection different-energy and same object are had an effect, material properties that can judgment object.
But this is not only to require the X ray of two kinds of energy that bigger difference is arranged on energy, and the degree of stability of the X ray of the detection accuracy of ray and generation has all been proposed very high requirement.Simultaneously,, detect, also be faced with the accurate matching problem of different-energy ray to same voxel like luggage for the detection of moving object.When detecting faster for moving object, coupling different-energy X ray becomes especially obvious to the penetrating value of same object.As in the inspection of big-and-middle-sized object, i.e. container, aviation casees etc. often require detection speed very fast, and object often all have very high mass thickness, cause X ray to penetrate dosage all less usually.Therefore, how to obtain the X ray of different-energy and how accurately survey and the coupling different-energy to the penetrating value of same object, become the bottleneck that dual intensity method radiant image is further used.
(US 6,069,936A) He in the patent documentation 2 (WO 00/43760A2) proposed to utilize the tailored radiation source, modulate the method for dual intensity power spectrum through the way of absorbed at patent documentation 1.
In addition, patent documentation 3 (WO 2004/030162A2) has disclosed the ray that is alternately produced two kinds of power spectrums of height by an accelerator.In patent documentation 3; Difference is limited between the power spectrum of two beam X-rays that obtain through the absorbed method; Causing accurately, the scope of material identification is restricted; And accelerator alternately produces the method for two kinds of different power spectrum rays of high low energy, and is too harsh to the stability requirement of accelerator, makes this method be difficult to be employed.
The method that patent documentation 4 (US 2007/0098142A1) has proposed to survey simultaneously back scattering radiation and forward scattering radiation increases quantity of information, does not but propose to be applied to material identification.
Summary of the invention
The invention discloses a kind of method and equipment thereof that utilizes forward scattering radiation monitoring object; Letting the monoenergetic radiation source produce beam and interactional while of seized object; Utilize this beam and a scatterer to interact and produce the forward scattering radiation; And let forward scattering radiation and same seized object interaction; Utilize results of interaction to carry out calculating and analysis, realized identification, thereby realize non-intrusive inspection object to the effective atomic number of different materials based on curve fitting.
In one aspect of the invention, proposed a kind of method of utilizing forward scattering radiation monitoring object, comprised step: first radiation that detected radiation source produces and first penetrating value behind the seized object interaction; Second radiation and scatterer that radiation source is produced interact, to produce the forward scattering radiation that becomes predetermined angular with this second radiation; Survey second penetrating value behind this forward scattering radiation and the seized object interaction; And first penetrating value of utilize surveying and second penetrating value material properties information of obtaining this seized object.
Preferably, said first radiation and said second radiation are produced by same radiation source.
Preferably, said radiation source is X-ray machine, radioactive isotope or particle accelerator.
Preferably, two parts of the identical or same radiation of the transmission path of said first radiation and said second radiation.
Preferably, the transmission path of said first radiation and said second radiation at angle.
Preferably, described forward scattering radiation is parallel with the transmission path of said first radiation.
Preferably, described scatterer is made up of low Z material.
Preferably, said low Z material comprise C, B and organic material one of at least.
Preferably, between said first radiation and detector, at least one colimated light system is set.
Preferably, at least one colimated light system is set between said scatterer and detector.
Preferably, described colimated light system is a radial fan-shaped collimating apparatus.
Preferably, after the forward scattering that described colimated light system makes scatterer produce becomes a covering of the fan, with seized object interaction.
Preferably, described colimated light system is close to detector system and is provided with.
Preferably, described colimated light system is the collimating aperture with a series of through holes, is provided with a collimating aperture before each detector.
Preferably, to be positioned over the scatterer center be on the camber line in the center of circle to described collimating aperture.
Preferably, described radiation source is two target particle accelerators.
Preferably, the described pair of target particle accelerator utilizes the particle deflection system to make the particle of acceleration produce deflection, to bombard two targets one of at least.
Preferably, described pair of target is provided with as follows: perpendicular to the position on the seized movement direction of object deviation is being arranged.
Preferably, add scatterer for the target of yawing moment, and align in the center of scatterer on perpendicular to seized movement direction of object with the target spot of yawing moment not.
What preferably, described detection to the forward scattering radiation was adopted is highly sensitive detector crystal.
Preferably, the step of described recognition material material properties comprises: calculate first radiation and the scattered radiation pad value to same voxel respectively.
Preferably, said method also comprises according to the matching process of the distance between two parallel radiation to same voxel pad value.
Preferably, described material attribute is meant the equivalent atom ordinal number of contained material in this object.
Preferably, the step of described identification material comprises: utilize and in advance the material of known materials attribute to be sampled, and carry out material identification through the differentiation function that the sampled point match obtains being used to discerning the unknown material attribute.
Preferably, said predetermined angular is less than 15 degree.
In another aspect of this invention, proposed a kind of equipment that utilizes forward scattering radiation monitoring object, having comprised: the radiation source that produces high-energy ray; First colimated light system makes radiation source can produce the first fan-shaped radiation, produces second radiation that becomes predetermined angular with first radiation simultaneously; Scatterer is used for producing the forward scattering radiation from said second radiation; Second colimated light system, the forward scattering radiation that lets scatterer produce is launched fladellum with a point source form to seized object; First detector array is used to survey first penetrating value that first radiation penetrates seized object; Second detector array is used to survey second penetrating value that the forward scattering radiation penetrates seized object; And the processor that links to each other with first and second detector arrays, be used for first and second probe values are handled, obtain the material properties of object.
Preferably, described second radiation is fladellum or pencil beam.
Preferably, the forward scattering radiation behind said first radiation and the process collimation parallels.
Preferably, described radiation source is particle accelerator, X-ray machine or radioactive isotope.
Preferably, the launching site of the center of described scatterer and generation radiation source is in same level height.
Preferably, said second colimated light system is the radial collimating apparatus that is made up of heavy metal, and the central point of radiation is the center of scatterer.
Preferably, described second colimated light system colimated light system that is a pair of bell mouth shape.
Preferably, said first detector array and said second detector array are parallel to each other, and on perpendicular to movement direction of object, align.
In still another aspect of the invention, proposed a kind of equipment that utilizes forward scattering radiation monitoring object, having comprised: the accelerator that can produce into first radiation and second radiation of predetermined angular; Be used for producing the scatterer of forward scattering radiation from second radiation; First colimated light system lets first radiation become the fan shape emission; Second colimated light system, the forward scattering that lets second radiation and scatterer interaction back produce becomes the fan shape emission; First detector array is used to survey first penetrating value that first radiation penetrates seized object; Second detector array is used to survey second penetrating value that the forward scattering radiation penetrates seized object; With the processor that first and second detector arrays link to each other, be used for first and second penetrating values are handled, obtain the material properties of object; Control system is connected with said first and second detector arrays with described accelerator, is used to change the running parameter of radiation source, and with the synchronous acquisition of detector system.
Preferably, the launching site of the center of described scatterer and first radiation is in same level height.
Preferably, the forward scattering radiation behind said first radiation and the process collimation parallels.
Preferably, said first colimated light system and second colimated light system are identical.
Preferably, said first detector array and said second detector array are parallel to each other, and on perpendicular to movement direction of object, align.
Proposed a kind of equipment that utilizes forward scattering radiation monitoring object more on the one hand of the present invention, having comprised: the radiation source that can produce into high-energy ray; Be used for producing the scatterer of forward scattering radiation from said high-energy ray; First detector array is used to survey first penetrating value that first radiation penetrates seized object; Second detector array is used to survey second penetrating value that the forward scattering radiation penetrates seized object; First colimated light system is used for first detector array; Second colimated light system is used for second group of detector array, is used for the forward scattering of collimation certain angle; With the processor that said first and second detector arrays link to each other, be used for first and second penetrating values are handled, to obtain the material properties of object.
Preferably, before said scatterer is positioned at radiation source, be used to produce the forward scattering radiation.
Preferably, described first detector array and second detector array are listed in perpendicular to deviation is arranged on the movement direction of object.
Preferably, described processor is applicable to the penetrating value after coupling two different radiation of bundle and object interact with a part.
Preferably, described second colimated light system is arranged in a circular arc, and the center of circle of this circular arc is the center of scatterer.
Utilize method and apparatus of the present invention, can realize two kinds of energy beams that spectral difference is bigger, thus the material property of convenient accurate recognition object.The present invention can be applied in customs, harbour, airport goods is carried out not OOBA, also can be used for biological study or medical science and detects.
Description of drawings
From the detailed description below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, above-mentioned feature and advantage of the present invention will be more obvious, wherein:
Fig. 1 is that the forward scattering radiation that utilizes X ray according to the embodiment of the invention realizes that the dual intensity method checks the synoptic diagram of seized object;
Fig. 2 A is the various colimated light system synoptic diagram that ray collimated according to the embodiment of the invention to 2E;
Fig. 3 is according to the embodiment of the invention, realizes the process flow diagram of material identification;
Fig. 4 A is according to the embodiment of the invention to 4C, realizes accurately surveying the synoptic diagram of penetrating value;
Fig. 5 is according to the embodiment of the invention, utilizes non-parallel detector to realize the synoptic diagram of dual intensity inspection checking matter; And
Fig. 6 is according to the embodiment of the invention, utilizes two target accelerators to realize the synoptic diagram of dual intensity inspection checking matter.
Embodiment
Below, specify preferred implementation of the present invention with reference to accompanying drawing.In the accompanying drawings, though be shown in the different drawings, identical Reference numeral is used to represent identical or similar assembly.
Realize the physical principle of material identification according to the dual intensity method; Requiring has obvious energy (power spectrum) difference with the X ray of the interactional two kinds of energy of seized object; Be detected after requiring the same voxel of X ray and the checking matter of two kinds of different-energies to interact simultaneously, thereby guarantee accurate identification the material attribute.
According to embodiments of the invention, when seized object is carried out radiation imaging inspection, at first need produce the metastable sigmatron of power spectrum by a radiation source, can accurately be surveyed behind this sigmatron and the seized object interaction.Simultaneously, after this sigmatron and scatterer interact, can produce heavy dose of forward scattering power spectrum.Just, the transmitted radiation of the X ray scattering of a fixed angle and the forward scattering behind the object interaction still can be detected useful signal by detector.
Behind X ray and the object interaction, the forward scattering radiation of generation has very big some to derive from the bremstrahlen of ray and object, so the average energy of scattering power spectrum will be starkly lower than the energy of the X ray of incident scatterer.That is to say between the sigmatron that forward scattering radiation and radiation source produce exists tangible power spectrum difference to realize.But the dosage of the forward scattering radiation that obtains after X ray and scatterer interact can reduce a lot by more original x-ray dose.Therefore, realize identification to seized object materials in order to utilize the forward scattering radiation, need let the same position of forward scattering radiation and seized object interact after, still can be surveyed accurately by detector.
The radiant image that carries out in the embodiment of the invention is based on the alignment imaging, promptly seized object of which movement, the pad value after the cross section effect of each detecting x-ray of the linear array of a detector and object.Therefore, the forward scattering radiation that can adopt also just can only be based on certain angular range.The energy of the forward scattering radiation that produces behind sigmatron and the object interaction be less than usually with object interaction before the energy of X ray.Along with the angle of scattered radiation and incident X-rays constantly increases, the average energy of scattered radiation will descend fast.When angle increases to a certain degree, the shared ratio of the high-energy photon in the scattered radiation will no longer include significant change, and this moment, the ratio of lower energy photon reached maximal value.If continue to increase angle, the ratio of lower energy photon is descended.Therefore, consider at the same time under power spectrum difference and the dosage size cases, preferably select to survey the forward scattering radiation in＜15 ° of scopes.
Fig. 1 utilizes the forward scattering radiation of X ray to realize that the dual intensity method checks the synoptic diagram of seized object according to the embodiment of the invention.
Among Fig. 1, radiation source 101 for example is X-ray machine, radioactive isotope or particle accelerator, can stablize the X ray with higher-energy (power spectrum), for example the ray of 10MeV.Directly the X ray from radiation source 101 emissions possibly be the very big pencil-beam of a Space Angle, and only need gather a pencil of planes in the system of the embodiment of the invention.Therefore need carry out the shaping collimation to pencil-beam.In order to realize gathering simultaneously directly the interact forward scattering radiation of back generation of the sigmatrons of emission (below be called direct emitted radiation) and sigmatron and scatterer 106 of radiation source 101, colimated light system 109 is former cone type X-ray bundle collimation two to restraint fan-shaped x-ray beam 102a and 103a.The concrete structure of colimated light system 109 is referring to Fig. 2 A synoptic diagram.Beam 102a and 103a almost have identical power spectrum, because they are two parts of the X-ray beam of radiation source 101 emissions.
Under the not high situation of the sweep velocity that requires checking matter, when alternately gathering direct emitted radiation and forward scattering radiation as adopting, this two beams line can be same beam.Need this moment a control system to make when gathering direct emitted radiation, ray does not interact with scatterer.And when gathering the forward scattering radiation, after ray and the scatterer interaction, interact with checking matter again.
Transmitted radiation 102b will be sent to the data processing work station through transmission control system after being detected by detector array 104a, and preserved.Beam 103a is used for producing the forward scattering radiation that is used for inspected object with scatterer 106 interaction backs.Scattered radiation 103a and direct emitted radiation 102a are not two collimated beams, but the emission that forms an angle, and this angle is the angle of the front scattered radiation that decision will gather.The value of this angle should be less than 60 degree, thereby the ray of guarantee gathering is the forward scattering ray of scatterer emission.Beam 103a can collimate through lineal surely system 108 before interacting with scatterer 106.But colimated light system 108 is not necessary, have only when beam 103a be a fladellum and when interacting with spherical scatterer 106, just need through passing through the such colimated light system of image pattern 2B.If the beam 103a that obtains behind collimating apparatus 109 collimations is a pencil beam, then do not needing the such colimated light system of image pattern 2B.
According to embodiments of the invention, this scatterer 106 is the spheroid that is made up of low Z material, for example C, B or organic material.
After beam 103a and scatterer 106 interact, the forward scattering that produces all angles, and the radiation that embodiments of the invention will utilize mainly just becomes that part of forward scattering radiation of predetermined angle theta with the incident ray.This θ angle is the angle between beam 103a and the beam 102a just also.Therefore after the forward scattering that utilizes the colimated light system 107 processed by heavy metal further scatterer to be produced collimates, just obtain being used to penetrate the forward scattering radiation 103b of seized object 105.Forward scattering radiation 103b is the X-ray beam of a covering of the fan, and average energy will be starkly lower than beam 102a, and parallel to each other with beam 102a.The central point of forward scattering is the central point of scatterer.
After forward scattering radiation 103b and object 105 interact, be transmitted radiation 103c by the radiation after object 105 decay.Detector array 104b is a suitable detector system of surveying than low dosage.Also will be sent to the data processing work station after transmitted radiation 103c is detected by 104b, and preserved, and carry out the processing procedure that the back is described, to obtain the material properties of object by the processor in the data processing work station through transmission control system.
Seized object 105 and other comprise the displacement that exists between all detection systems of radiation source relatively at the uniform velocity.Here can think object 105 on the direction of perpendicular ray bundle 102a and 103b with V at the uniform velocity towards a direction motion.Therefore, the value of being surveyed and being noted by detector array 104a and 104b respectively can be come the penetrating value after to the same voxel interaction of object to coupling beam 102a and 103b according to the frequency with radiation source emission X ray of speed V.When radiation source is 101 during for the radiation source of continuous mode,, can come according to the frequency acquisition of detector accurate coupling probe value like radioisotopic radioactive source.
As another embodiment, this slit 203 also can be a thin narrow rectangle collimating slit, and this moment, the beam 103a of emission then was a pencil beam.
When beam 103a is a fladellum, in order to realize the point source imaging mode, can be with the collimating apparatus 205a among Fig. 2 B as the colimated light system among Fig. 1 108.The covering of the fan of the collimating slit of collimating apparatus 205a and beam 103a is perpendicular.That is to say; If collimating apparatus 205b is the collimating slit that produces ray 103a; For example slit 203, and the collimating apparatus that then place at 108 places in the position will be collimating apparatus 205a, and this moment, collimating apparatus 205a and 205b were 205c with the colimated light system that quadrature obtains a pen shape beam of a generation; It is a form of a stroke or a combination of strokes pencil that thereby the wire harness of scatterer is incided in realization, and makes that scatterer is approximate point source emission scattering.This has just guaranteed that whole forward scattering imaging system remains a point source imaging system.
Be under the situation of spheroidite of a larger volume when scatterer, in order to satisfy the requirement of point source imaging to a source size, also need be to the collimation on the forward scattering ray travel direction that produces.Colimated light system among Fig. 1 107 is embodied as the collimating apparatus of a radiation divergent shape, the collimating apparatus 206 shown in Fig. 2 C and Fig. 2 D.
Collimating apparatus 206 can be processed by high Z material, and adopts line cutting or relevant laser technology to obtain radial through hole.This fan-shaped colimated light system is that the center with scatterer 106 is the center of dispersing.By the scattered radiation that scatterer 106 produces, will outwards launch through the collimation through hole of these divergent shapes.Thereby form the forward scattering beam 103b of a covering of the fan, further guaranteed the size restriction of point source imaging point source.
In addition, scatterer also can not be a spheroidite but adopt cubic.In this case, need to adopt the trumpet-shaped colimated light system of a pair of shown in the collimating apparatus among Fig. 2 E 222.After the beam 103a that radiation source produces interacted with the scatterer of cubic 221, the forward scattering of generation was outwards launched through colimated light system 222 backs, and was gathered by detection system 223 behind the object interaction.Can know that according to the imaging path imaging mode of this moment also is similar to point source imaging.
For the scatterer in the foregoing description, the level height at its center is identical with the central horizontal height of radiation source divergent-ray, thereby guarantees with seized object interactional path the taking place and be parallel to each other of ray of two kinds of different-energies.
In order further to improve detection accuracy, especially on the detector system of surveying the forward scattering radiation, can use a direction collimating aperture.Shown in Figure 4, after forward scattering radiation that the rectangular cylindricality scatterer of being processed by low Z material 410 produces and seized object 411 interact, through collimating aperture 412, get into detector crystal 413, thereby surveyed and record.Collimating aperture 412 is a cubical through hole, is processed by high Z material.
Fig. 3 has illustrated the flow process to material identification of the embodiment of the invention.According to embodiments of the invention, before to the inspection of unknown object, want elder generation to obtain the function of material identification according to known materials.
At step S110, the forward scattering radiation 103b that launches of the X ray 102a through radiation source 101 emissions and scatterer and the interactional detection of known materials of different-thickness earlier obtains penetrating value.Selecting known materials here for use is to select according to the atomic number of material.
At step S120, mate the penetrating value of two kinds of energy to the various materials of same thickness.The transparency of these two kinds of energy be can calculate in fact earlier, promptly (dosage/not and the interactional radiation dose of seized object penetrated).Then, calculate the ratio of these two kinds of energy again.
At step S130, divide into groups according to different materials, according to the ratio that obtains in the S120 step, simulate the change curve of various materials with thickness, the function of this curve is the function of identification material.This function can be used for the material of object is discerned.
When one unknown object is detected, at step S210, the penetrating value after the material of two kinds of energy of collection and this object interacts, and do Data Matching.Then in step S220, obtain the functional value of the fitting function that in S130, obtains according to the transparency ratio of two kinds of energy that match, compare with the functional value of known materials with this functional value, thus the material properties of judgement checking matter.
At last; In order to make that the supervisory personnel can easily analysis result, will be according to recognition result and half-tone information, according to predefined sign color table; Effective atomic number and gray scale according to material are designated various colors, thereby produce the characteristic image of the material properties of expression object.Materials different in this image are represented with various colors.
In addition, Fig. 5 realizes that for utilize the forward scattering radiation of X ray according to the embodiment of the invention dual intensity method checks another structural representation of seized object.According to present embodiment; Radiation source 501 is stably externally launched sigmatron with the point source mode; Scatterer 502 directly is close to the target spot of radiation source 501; When the size of scatterer 502 on the ray emission direction is little, can think equivalently be used for seized object 509 interactional rays be to emit with the center of point source form by scatterer 502.Through the ray behind the scatterer 502 via colimated light system 503 after, be divided into two and restraint into the fladellum 504A and the 504B at θ angle, interact with testee 509.Colimated light system 503 is identical with the structure of above-mentioned colimated light system 201.At this moment, beam 504A is after the direct radiation emitted of radiographic source is passed through scatterer again, has obtained more high-octane sclerosis back power spectrum.And beam 504B is because angled with incident radiation, and its energy will be significantly less than 504A, will penetrate seized object as the forward scattering radiation.With the transmitted radiation 505a behind the object interaction, 505b is surveyed and record by detector array 506 and 507 respectively.Detector array 506 is to be suitable for surveying heavy dose of detector crystal, and detector array 507 is for there being the crystal detection of higher detection efficiency.For further improving, before the detector crystal of detector array 507, collimation through hole 508 can be installed to the collimation of transmitted radiation on direction.The structure of this collimation through hole is identical with above-mentioned collimating aperture 412 with effect.Detector array 507 and detector array 506 and not parallel, but become the θ angle, thus realize surveying the penetrating value of two kinds of different-energy rays and object interaction.
Though among this embodiment, the ray of two bundle different-energies is different with the interaction path of checking matter, be not very high to requiring the material accuracy of identification, when perhaps checking matter was thin, this method still had good practical value.Because the system of this implementation method is simple relatively, and can on a lot of existing monoenergetic x-ray imaging systems, do upgrading.
Fig. 6 realizes that for utilize the forward scattering radiation of X ray according to the embodiment of the invention dual intensity method checks the another structural representation of seized object.The accelerator of the two targets of the employing among Fig. 6 is as radiation source.The a branch of electron beam of Reference numeral 607 expressions is accelerated in accelerating tube.Reference numeral 601 is a particle deflection system, through this system of sequential control that presets.
In the time will obtaining the X ray of high energy, particle deflection system 601 does not allow electron beam 607 to produce deflection, and electron beam 607 according to original direction 607b flight, and after the first of bombardment metallic target 603, produces sigmatron through after the deflection system 601.X ray becomes a fan shape beam 608b through behind the colimated light system 605.Beam 608b is vertical each other with seized object 609, after interacting with checking matter, and detector array 610b detection and record, the penetrating value behind this sigmatron and the object interaction.As shown in Figure 6, two parts of target 603 are angled, after the particle beams of different angles is accelerated, bombard its corresponding target area, produce two beam X-rays of different angles.
In the time will obtaining the lower X ray of energy, electron beam 607 is during through deflection systems 601, and after deflection system 601 made the certain angle θ of the electron beam deflecting, 607a flew forward by path.Reference numeral 602 is a particle focusing system, and the electron beam after the deflection was focused on the second portion of back bombardment metallic target 603 well when meeting particle focusing system 602, produce sigmatron.The identical scatterer of shape of the second portion of Reference numeral 604 expressions one and target 603.Scatterer 604 is close to the second portion of target 603, and with target 603 identical level height is arranged.On the direction of motion perpendicular to checking matter, scatterer 604 aligns with the second portion of the metallic target 603 that produces high-energy ray 608b.Become the beam 608a of fan shapes through collimating apparatus 605 backs by the forward scattering of scatterer 604 generations.Forward scattering radiation 608a and 608b are parallel to each other.After forward scattering radiation 608a and checking matter 609 interact, gathered and record by detector array 610a.Reference numeral 610b and 610a are fit to survey heavy dose of with low dose of X ray respectively.Mate the probe value of two detector arrays, thereby realize the identification of material attribute the same voxel of object.
In addition, in above-mentioned all embodiment, also can all adopt the detector crystal of higher detection efficiency to the method for the different crystal detection of the ray employing of two kinds of energy according to actual conditions.
Top description only is used to realize embodiment of the present invention; It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art; In any modification that does not depart from the scope of the present invention or local replacement; All should belong to claim of the present invention and come restricted portion, therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.
Claims (26)
1. create the method for the function curve of identification material in the system that utilizes forward scattering radiation monitoring object, comprise step:
Feasible direct radiation and the forward scattering radiation of scatterer emission and the known materials interaction of different-thickness through the radiation source emission, and detection obtains penetrating value;
Mate the penetrating value of two kinds of energy, promptly calculate two kinds of ratios between the transparency under the energy the various materials of same thickness;
Divide into groups according to different materials, simulate the change curve of various materials, as the function curve of identification material with thickness according to said ratio.
2. the method for claim 1, wherein said direct radiation and said scattered radiation are produced by same radiation source.
3. according to claim 1 or claim 2 method, wherein, said radiation source is X-ray machine, radioactive isotope or particle accelerator.
4. according to claim 1 or claim 2 method, wherein, two parts of the identical or same radiation of the transmission path of said direct radiation and said scattered radiation.
5. according to claim 1 or claim 2 method, wherein, the transmission path of said direct radiation and said scattered radiation at angle.
6. the method for claim 1, wherein described forward scattering radiation is parallel with the transmission path of said direct radiation.
7. the method for claim 1, wherein described scatterer is made up of low Z material.
8. method as claimed in claim 7, wherein said low Z material comprise C, B and organic material one of at least.
9. the method for claim 1, wherein between said first radiation and detector, at least one colimated light system is set.
10. the method for claim 1, wherein at least one colimated light system is set between said scatterer and detector.
11. method as claimed in claim 10, wherein, described colimated light system is a radial fan-shaped collimating apparatus.
12. like claim 10 or 11 described methods, wherein, after the forward scattering that described colimated light system makes scatterer produce becomes a covering of the fan, with seized object interaction.
13. method as claimed in claim 10, wherein, described colimated light system is close to detector system and is provided with.
14. like claim 10 or 13 described methods, wherein, described colimated light system is the collimating aperture with a series of through holes, is provided with a collimating aperture before each detector.
15. method as claimed in claim 14, wherein, it is on the camber line in the center of circle that described collimating aperture is positioned over the scatterer center.
16. the method for claim 1, wherein described radiation source is two target particle accelerators.
17. method as claimed in claim 16, wherein, the described pair of target particle accelerator utilizes the particle deflection system to make the particle of acceleration produce deflection, to bombard two targets one of at least.
18. method as claimed in claim 16, wherein, described pair of target is provided with as follows: perpendicular to the position on the seized movement direction of object deviation is being arranged.
19. method as claimed in claim 18 wherein, adds scatterer for the target of yawing moment, and aligns on perpendicular to seized movement direction of object with the target of yawing moment not in the center of scatterer.
20. what the method for claim 1, wherein described detection to the forward scattering radiation was adopted is highly sensitive detector crystal.
21. the step of the method for claim 1, wherein described recognition material material properties comprises:
Calculate first radiation and scattered radiation pad value respectively to same voxel.
22. method as claimed in claim 21 also comprises according to the matching process of the distance between two parallel radiation to same voxel pad value.
23. method as claimed in claim 21, wherein, described material attribute is meant the equivalent atom ordinal number of contained material in this object.
24. method as claimed in claim 21, wherein, the step of described identification material comprises:
Utilize and in advance the material of known materials attribute is sampled, and obtain being used to discern the differentiation function of unknown material attribute through the sampled point match.
25. the method for claim 1, wherein said predetermined angular is less than 15 degree.
26. create the device of the function curve of identification material in the system that utilizes forward scattering radiation monitoring object, comprising:
Make and pass through direct radiation and the forward scattering radiation of scatterer emission and the known materials interaction of different-thickness that radiation source is launched, and survey the device that obtains penetrating value;
Mate the penetrating value of two kinds of energy, promptly calculate the device of two kinds of ratios between the transparency under the energy the various materials of same thickness;
Divide into groups according to different materials, simulate the change curve of various materials, as the device of the function curve of discerning material with thickness according to said ratio.
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