CN102519791A - Mechanical fatigue tester for test piece, and its testing method - Google Patents
Mechanical fatigue tester for test piece, and its testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102519791A CN102519791A CN2011104164312A CN201110416431A CN102519791A CN 102519791 A CN102519791 A CN 102519791A CN 2011104164312 A CN2011104164312 A CN 2011104164312A CN 201110416431 A CN201110416431 A CN 201110416431A CN 102519791 A CN102519791 A CN 102519791A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mechanical fatigue tester for test piece, and a testing method of the tester. The tester comprises a frame, a test piece and a stress monitoring device for monitoring stress change of the test piece. The test piece has one end fixed with the frame and the other end arranged as a cantilever, and the cantilever end of the test piece is connected with the frame via an eccentric vibration exciter. The eccentric vibration exciter includes a rotation mechanism, an eccentric block connected with the output shaft of the rotation mechanism via a long connection stem, and an elastic connection member. The rotation mechanism is fixed with the test piece, the power supply circuit of the rotation mechanism is connected in series with a conductive element which feeds back the test piece generated fatigue crack limit to stop working of the eccentric vibration exciter, the conductive element is mounted on the test piece, and the elastic connection member has one end connected with the test piece and the other end connected with the frame. As a result, the invention has little consumption in the testing process, convenient operation, wide loading range, and high testing precision, can dynamically monitor stress, and has low processing requirements for test samples.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fatigue experimental device, belong to the fatigue experiment field of material structure performance test.
Background technology
In engineering reality; Many materials or member receive dynamic load effect in practical application; To do the time spent different with receiving static load, and these materials or member tend under the situation that occurs significantly distortion in advance, fatigure failure take place suddenly, and the security performance of structure is produced significant impact.Along with the research to the fatigue of materials performance increases, the style and the function of fatigue tester are on the increase, to satisfy the demand of different materials torture test.Fatigue tester mainly contains hydraulic servo formula, electromagnetic type and mechanical type several types.Wherein hydraulic servo formula fatigue tester is a kind of advanced proving installation, but expensive, the big cost of power consumption is high under the low frequency operation state.Electromagnetic type torture test unit frequency is high, is mainly used in fatigue behaviour ferrous metal fatigue property test preferably.Mechanical Fatigue Test Machine is suitable for the torture test not high to frequency requirement, and the little cost of power is low.But Mechanical Fatigue Test Machine was numerous and diverse for the decision condition of off-test in the past, and it is slow to stop the order reaction for test, and output load scope is less, and test specimen can not apply prestress with the adjustment stress wave.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiency of prior art, provide a kind of and can change testing machine output load, test specimen is applied prestress and the autonomous fatigue test method of judging the experiment termination condition and stopping automatically testing.
A kind of mechanical type test specimen fatigue test method may further comprise the steps: an end of test specimen is fixed in (1), and other end cantilever is provided with, and the cantilever end of test specimen is applied elastic prestress; (2) cantilever end to test specimen applies eccentric load; And the current supply circuit that will export the propulsion system of eccentric load is connected with the conducting element that the feedback test specimen produces the fatigue crack limit; In addition, through the monitor for stress of installing on the test specimen, with the STRESS VARIATION of monitoring test specimen when loading.
Step (2) is through eccentric activator cantilever end to be applied eccentric load, and said eccentric activator comprises rotating mechanism and through connecting the eccentric block that long handle is connected with the rotating mechanism output shaft, the current supply circuit of this rotating mechanism is connected with conducting element.
Step (2) is preset the time threshold that single applies eccentric load earlier before applying eccentric load.
A kind of mechanical type test specimen fatigue tester based on above-mentioned test specimen fatigue test method; Comprise frame, test specimen and the monitor for stress that is used to monitor the test specimen STRESS VARIATION; One end and the frame of said test specimen are fixed; Other end cantilever is provided with, and the test specimen cantilever end is connected with frame through eccentric activator; Said eccentric activator comprises rotating mechanism, passes through to connect eccentric block and the Flexible Connector that long handle is connected with the rotating mechanism output shaft; Said rotating mechanism and test specimen are fixed; And be in series with in the current supply circuit of rotating mechanism through the feedback test specimen and produce the fatigue crack limit with conducting element by eccentric activator work; Conducting element is installed on the test specimen, and Flexible Connector one end is connected with test specimen, and the other end then is connected with frame.
Plates or the thread like body of said conducting element for adopting conductive material to be made.
Said monitor for stress comprises foil gauge and the strainmeter that is connected with foil gauge; Said foil gauge is installed on the test specimen.
Said rotating mechanism is a motor, and said motor is fixed through pedestal and test specimen, and the arbor of connection long handle and motor is perpendicular.
Said motor configurations has can preset the timer that the motor single starts duration.
Said conducting element is tightened and is fixed on the contingent position of fatigue crack on the test specimen through the insulation colloid, and conducting element and fatigue crack to carry out direction perpendicular.
Said Flexible Connector is a spring, and spring housing is connected on the periphery of steel pipe, and said steel pipe is fixed on the frame.
According to above technical scheme, can realize following beneficial effect:
Fatigue tester of the present invention is simple in structure, has to change testing machine output load, and test specimen is applied prestress and autonomous judgement experiment termination condition and stops scale experiment automatically; In experimentation, consume few; Easy and simple to handle, the loading wide ranges, measuring accuracy is high; Can carry out the stress dynamic monitoring, low to the processing request of sample.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the A-A sectional drawing (not marking eccentric activator) of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a cantilever sample processing synoptic diagram required for the present invention;
Wherein: pedestal 11; Grain-clamping table 12; Spring fixed arm 13; Safe cushion cap 14; Test specimen 2; The grain-clamping table bolt connects preformed hole 21; Motor coupling bolt preformed hole 22; Spring connects preformed hole 23; Eccentric block 31; Connect long handle 32; Engine 33; Conducting element 34; Flexible Connector 35; Steel pipe 36; Foil gauge 4.
Embodiment
Accompanying drawing discloses the structural representation of preferred embodiment involved in the present invention without limitation; Below will combine accompanying drawing that technical scheme of the present invention at length is described.
The present invention discloses a kind of test specimen fatigue test method, may further comprise the steps: an end of test specimen is fixed in (1), and other end cantilever is provided with, and the cantilever end of test specimen is applied elastic prestress; (2) to the cantilever end load application of test specimen, simultaneously, through the conducting element of installing on the test specimen; Measure the moment that test specimen produces the fatigue crack limit, with control load application time, in addition; Through the monitor for stress of installing on the test specimen, with the STRESS VARIATION of monitoring test specimen when loading.Further, a kind of mechanical type test specimen fatigue test method may further comprise the steps: an end of test specimen is fixed in (1), and other end cantilever is provided with, and the cantilever end of test specimen is applied elastic prestress; (2) cantilever end to test specimen applies eccentric load; And the current supply circuit that will export the propulsion system of eccentric load is connected with the conducting element that the feedback test specimen produces the fatigue crack limit; In addition, through the monitor for stress of installing on the test specimen, with the STRESS VARIATION of monitoring test specimen when loading.Step (2) is through eccentric activator cantilever end to be applied eccentric load, and said eccentric activator comprises rotating mechanism and through connecting the eccentric block that long handle is connected with the rotating mechanism output shaft, the current supply circuit of this rotating mechanism is connected with conducting element.And step (2) is preset the time threshold that single applies eccentric load earlier before applying eccentric load.
Based on above-mentioned test specimen fatigue test method; The invention discloses the mechanical type test specimen fatigue tester shown in Fig. 1 to 3; Comprise frame, test specimen and the monitor for stress that is used to monitor the test specimen STRESS VARIATION, frame is made up of pedestal 11, grain-clamping table 12, spring fixed arm 13 and safe cushion cap 14; One end of said test specimen and the grain-clamping table of frame 12 are fixing, and other end cantilever is provided with, and the test specimen cantilever end is connected with the spring fixed arm 13 of frame through eccentric activator; Test specimen 2 is the strip plate body, offers the grain-clamping table bolt on it respectively and connects preformed hole 21, motor coupling bolt preformed hole 22, spring connection preformed hole 23; Said eccentric activator comprises rotating mechanism, passes through to connect eccentric block and the Flexible Connector that long handle is connected with the rotating mechanism output shaft; Said rotating mechanism and test specimen are fixed; And be in series with in the current supply circuit of rotating mechanism through the feedback test specimen and produce the fatigue crack limit with conducting element by eccentric activator work; Conducting element is installed on the test specimen, and Flexible Connector one end is connected with test specimen, and the other end then is connected with frame.Plates or the thread like body of said conducting element for adopting conductive material to be made, the conducting element that is adopted among the present invention is a thin copper wire.Said monitor for stress comprises foil gauge and the strainmeter that is connected with foil gauge; Said foil gauge is installed on the test specimen.Said rotating mechanism is a motor, and said motor is fixed through pedestal and test specimen, and the arbor of connection long handle and motor is perpendicular.For some test specimen, produce the chronic of fatigue crack, and the motor single is long start-up time; Be easy to damage, therefore, motor configurations according to the invention has can preset the timer that the motor single starts duration; Then when motor single run time remaining default motor single when starting duration; Motor shuts down automatically, carries out torture test through actuating motor repeatedly, until the conducting element fracture of the feedback fatigue crack limit; Cause the motor dead electricity, accomplished torture test.Said conducting element is tightened and is fixed on the contingent position of fatigue crack on the test specimen through the insulation colloid, and conducting element and fatigue crack to carry out direction perpendicular.Said Flexible Connector is a spring, and spring housing is connected on the periphery of steel pipe, and said steel pipe is fixed on the frame.
According to above technical scheme, but knowledge capital is invented said fatigue tester and is had following characteristics:
Adjustment torture test output load: the eccentric block long handle passes the hole of vertical axial on the motor arbor, uses the bolt position, forms eccentric activator.Through arbor link position that changes eccentric block long handle and motor or the eccentric block of replacing different quality, and change the motor revolution, change the centrifugal force that produces when eccentric activator rotates, thereby change the output load of eccentric activator.Need to confirm the required output area of experiment load before the experiment, can begin to add to test specimen and test required load from applying small load.
Test specimen is applied prestress and regulates amplitude: four big rigid springs are arranged side by side along cantilever sample cantilever end; Be connected in the sample top from the test specimen upper and lower surface respectively; Run through steel pipe in the spring; Steel pipe through sleeve pipe along vertical to vertically being fixed on the frame main body, the spring two sections are separately fixed at steel pipe and cantilever sample cantilever end top.In the time of need applying prestress or regulate amplitude, be fixed on the position on the steel pipe, the cantilever sample applied prestress, thereby change the stress wave of torture test output through changing the spring upper end up and down.
Stress monitoring: put the subsides foil gauge at the required location of cantilever sample cantilever root during experiment, through strainmeter timing reading, described point line, the dynamic change of monitor stress.
Off-test condition criterion and termination test: possibly carry out the place at cantilever sample fatigue crack, paste thin copper wire through the insulation colloid, thin copper wire is carried out direction perpendicular to fatigue crack; Copper wire is series in the motor circuit; Along with fatigue crack is carried out, thin copper wire is broken, and motor circuit opens circuit; Eccentric activator stops, and torture test finishes.Termination flag as torture test.
Motor operation criterion: motor is provided with single threshold value working time; When motor working time in single threshold value working time; Destructive fatigue crack does not appear in test specimen; Then according to this of single threshold value working time meter motor working time, and with motor accumulative total working time of each time; When motor working time in single threshold value working time; Destructive fatigue crack has appearred in test specimen; This of time keeping motor working time when rupturing according to thin copper wire, and with before accumulative total each motor working time, can obtain corresponding test specimen torture test number of times.
Claims (10)
1. a mechanical type test specimen fatigue test method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps: an end of test specimen is fixed in (1), and other end cantilever is provided with, and the cantilever end of test specimen is applied elastic prestress; (2) cantilever end to test specimen applies eccentric load; And the current supply circuit that will export the propulsion system of eccentric load is connected with the conducting element that the feedback test specimen produces the fatigue crack limit; In addition, through the monitor for stress of installing on the test specimen, with the STRESS VARIATION of monitoring test specimen when loading.
2. mechanical type test specimen fatigue test method according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Step (2) is through eccentric activator cantilever end to be applied eccentric load; Said eccentric activator comprises rotating mechanism and through connecting the eccentric block that long handle is connected with the rotating mechanism output shaft, the current supply circuit of this rotating mechanism is connected with conducting element.
3. mechanical type test specimen fatigue test method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, step (2) is preset the time threshold that single applies eccentric load earlier before applying eccentric load.
4. mechanical type test specimen fatigue tester based on the said test specimen fatigue test method of claim 2; Comprise frame, test specimen and the monitor for stress that is used to monitor the test specimen STRESS VARIATION; It is characterized in that: an end and the frame of said test specimen are fixed; Other end cantilever is provided with, and the test specimen cantilever end is connected with frame through eccentric activator; Said eccentric activator comprises rotating mechanism, passes through to connect eccentric block and the Flexible Connector that long handle is connected with the rotating mechanism output shaft; Said rotating mechanism and test specimen are fixed; And be in series with in the current supply circuit of rotating mechanism through the feedback test specimen and produce the fatigue crack limit with conducting element by eccentric activator work; Conducting element is installed on the test specimen, and Flexible Connector one end is connected with test specimen, and the other end then is connected with frame.
5. according to the said mechanical type test specimen of claim 4 fatigue tester, it is characterized in that: plates or the thread like body of said conducting element for adopting conductive material to be made.
6. according to the said mechanical type test specimen of claim 4 fatigue tester, it is characterized in that: said monitor for stress comprises foil gauge and the strainmeter that is connected with foil gauge; Said foil gauge is installed on the test specimen.
7. according to the said mechanical type test specimen of claim 4 fatigue tester, it is characterized in that: said rotating mechanism is a motor, and said motor is fixed through pedestal and test specimen, and the arbor of connection long handle and motor is perpendicular.
8. according to the said mechanical type test specimen of claim 7 fatigue tester, it is characterized in that: said motor configurations has can preset the timer that the motor single starts duration.
9. according to the said mechanical type test specimen of claim 4 fatigue tester, it is characterized in that: said conducting element is tightened and is fixed on the contingent position of fatigue crack on the test specimen through the insulation colloid, and conducting element and fatigue crack to carry out direction perpendicular.
10. according to the said mechanical type test specimen of claim 4 fatigue tester, it is characterized in that: said Flexible Connector is a spring, and spring housing is connected on the periphery of steel pipe, and said steel pipe is fixed on the frame.
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| CN 201110416431 CN102519791B (en) | 2011-12-13 | 2011-12-13 | Mechanical fatigue tester for test piece |
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| CN 201110416431 CN102519791B (en) | 2011-12-13 | 2011-12-13 | Mechanical fatigue tester for test piece |
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| CN102519791B CN102519791B (en) | 2013-07-31 |
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Cited By (8)
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| CN103234722A (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2013-08-07 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Device and method for testing fatigue of flywheel casing |
| CN103983511A (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2014-08-13 | 河海大学 | Stayed-cable fatigue testing machine |
| CN105115839A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2015-12-02 | 河海大学 | Fatigue machine equipped with transmission rotating arm |
| CN105890981A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-08-24 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 | Cantilever beam testing device aiming at transparent material |
| CN106769451A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-31 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of hot-work die heat engine fatigue experimental device |
| CN110044738A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-07-23 | 河海大学 | The fatigue experimental device and its application method that weld seam Multiaxial stress controllably applies |
| WO2020191704A1 (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2020-10-01 | 东北大学 | Composite material dynamic fatigue testing device and method based on reverse resonance |
| WO2020191703A1 (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2020-10-01 | 东北大学 | Reverse resonance-based composite material thermal vibration fatigue test apparatus and method |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103234722A (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2013-08-07 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Device and method for testing fatigue of flywheel casing |
| CN103234722B (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2016-01-13 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Bell housing fatigue experimental device and test method |
| CN103983511A (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2014-08-13 | 河海大学 | Stayed-cable fatigue testing machine |
| CN105115839A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2015-12-02 | 河海大学 | Fatigue machine equipped with transmission rotating arm |
| CN105115839B (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2017-09-26 | 河海大学 | One kind transmission pivoted arm fatigue tester |
| CN105890981A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-08-24 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 | Cantilever beam testing device aiming at transparent material |
| CN105890981B (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2018-11-06 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 | A kind of Izod test device for transparent material |
| CN106769451A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-31 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of hot-work die heat engine fatigue experimental device |
| WO2020191704A1 (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2020-10-01 | 东北大学 | Composite material dynamic fatigue testing device and method based on reverse resonance |
| WO2020191703A1 (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2020-10-01 | 东北大学 | Reverse resonance-based composite material thermal vibration fatigue test apparatus and method |
| CN110044738A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-07-23 | 河海大学 | The fatigue experimental device and its application method that weld seam Multiaxial stress controllably applies |
| CN110044738B (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2021-05-11 | 河海大学 | Fatigue test device with controllable applied multi-axis stress of welding seam and application method thereof |
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